Amount Of Rice Husk Ash Research Articles

Comparing durability and compressive strength predictions of hyperoptimized random forests and artificial neural networks on a small dataset of concrete containing nano SiO2 and RHA

Through the increasing use of supplementary cementitious materials, the properties of concrete have taken on increased significance in a design code. Using reliable prediction models based on a small data set for the mechanical properties and durability of concrete can reduce the number of trial batches and experiments needed to produce useful design data in the laboratory, reducing time as well as resources. In this study, we investigate how the properties of water penetration, chlorine resistance, and compressive strength can be predicted by polynomial regression (PR), random forest (RF) regression, and artificial neural networks (ANNs) based on the input values of density, workability, and the constituent amount of rice husk ash, cement, and nano SiO 2 . We vary the training data used and test the coefficient of determination ( R 2 score) on the remaining data as a test set to measure predictive capability. We show that RFs and ANNs outperform PR in all settings and have unambiguously extrapolating properties when hyperparameter optimization is designed for this purpose. Remarkably, we obtain R 2 scores on the test data of 0.858 − 0.990 for RFs and 0.825 − 0.985 for ANNs.

Effect of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and slake-lime as partial replacement of cement in the production of concrete

This study examines the utilization of rice husk ash (RHA) and slaked lime as substitutes for a portion of the cement in manufacturing concrete. The RHA was acquired from a nearby source, subjected to calcination at temperatures ranging from 500 to 700 °C, and then passed through a sieve to obtain particles with a size of 150 microns. Concrete mixes were made using Ordinary Portland cement (OPC), fine and coarse aggregates, and water, with different amounts of RHA and slaked lime. The concrete mix design adhered to established standards, with a mix ratio of 1:1.5:3 (cement: fine aggregate: coarse aggregate). The experiment was designed using response surface methods, with RHA, slaked lime, and cement as factors, each having five levels. Concrete cubes were formed using 100 mm steel moulds and then submerged in water to assess their workability. The compressive strength was measured using universal testing equipment after 7, 28, and 90 days of cure. The flexural strength of concrete beams was assessed after 7 and 28 days. Samples were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) examination after 28 days. The compressive and flexural strengths increased as the curing period progressed, with the 10% RHA substitution showing the maximum strength. The SEM analysis showed that RHA10 exhibited the maximum concentration of silicon, which corresponds to the recommended 10% replacement level of OPC and meets the concrete specifications specified by ASTM M20 grade. Utilising RHA decreases expenses and minimises the amount of concrete that is discarded. The most effective replacement for OPC was 10% RHA, which produced long-lasting and strong concrete.

The Effects of the Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Cement on California Bearing Ratio in Laterite Soil Stabilization

Lateritic soil is a problematic type of soil because it must be stabilized in order to meet geotechnical criteria for engineering purposes. As a result, cement has been frequently utilized to increase soil strength in order to make it more stable. As a result, several ways for minimizing the amount of cement used, such as the utilization of waste materials or industrial by-products, such as Rice Husk Ash (RHA), have been developed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the properties of laterite, rice husk ash, and cement, as well as the effect of different percentages of RHA and cement on the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of laterite soil. In current soil stabilization, different amounts of RHA and cement are used, specifically 5%, 10%, and 15%, to determine an appropriate combination that will function. Soil samples were tested using the CBR and preliminary tests such as the Liquid limit and Plastic limit to identify index characteristics and the proctor test to determine Maximum Dry Density and Optimum Moisture Content. Data analysis was carried out to assess how well the RHA/cement mixture performed in CBR. The soil sample with 2.5% RHA and 2.5% cement produced the highest result in California Bearing Ratio, 34.45 % at 2.5mm penetration and 28.48 % at 5.0mm penetration. Hence, the objective of this study was met when using RHA as a partial replacement for cement in laterite soil stabilization enhanced the value of the California Bearing Ratio.

Development of ultra-light foamed insulation materials and interfacial bond behavior with fiber-reinforced alkali-activated composites

Due to the complex construction process, short service life and serious environmental pollution, the traditional insulation engineering and formwork engineering have caused great challenges and obstacles to the realization of the " dual carbon " goal. This study developed a new green external insulation system that integrates insulation and formwork based on alkali activation technology. The preparation technology of ultra-light foam insulation material (ULFIM) and the interface design method between ULFIM and fiber reinforced alkali-activated composite material (FRAC) were proposed. The effects of rice husk ash (RHA) and polyethylene (PE) fiber content on the dry density, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, volumetric water absorption, and pore structure parameters of ULFIM were studied. The effects of groove width, groove depth, groove spacing, and groove density on the interfacial bond behavior of FRAC-ULFIM were discussed. The microstructure of ULFIM and the interface transition zone morphology of FRAC-ULFIM and FRAC-extruded polystyrene (XPS) were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the mechanism of influencing factors on the corresponding indicators were revealed. The results showed that adding an appropriate amount of RHA and PE fiber had a significant positive effect on improving the performance of ULFIM. In the past, the optimal dry density and thermal conductivity of ULFIM were only 191.5 kg/m3 and 0.0494 W/(m·K), respectively, and the compressive strength at 7 d could be as high as 0.49 MPa. In addition, interface shear performance test results have shown that the "bridging effect" of PE fiber can effectively improve the shear strength and ductility of FRAC-ULFIM, which was 23.7% higher than the interface shear strength of FRAC-XPS under the same conditions. The groove treatment increased the interfacial shear strength of FRAC-ULFIM from 74.59 kPa to 266.37 kPa, with a maximum increase rate of 257.11%. The proposed new green external insulation system has significant potential application value.

Effects of rice husk ash on strength and durability performance of slag‐based alkali‐activated concrete

AbstractDespite their low impact on the environment and excellent mechanical strength, alkali‐activated concretes (AAC) can potentially replace ordinary Portland cement based concrete (OPC). However, AAC can be eco‐friendly and more sustainable by incorporating agricultural waste such as rice husk ash (RHA). Therefore, this study investigated the impact of RHA on the strength and durability performance of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) based AAC. For this purpose, seven mixes were made, in which RHA partially substituted GGBS with an increment of 5% up to 30%. The results of the experiments show that the workability and unit weight of AAC mixes decreased as the amount of RHA in the mix increased. The compressive strength of AAC mixes lies between 39.78 and 64.80 MPa, which is adequate for structural application. The AAC showed similar trends for all the mixes in terms of water absorption, permeable voids, apparent porosity and sorptivity. Compared to other mixes, the 5% GGBS substituted with RHA yields the highest resistance against carbonation. Compared to the sulfuric acid (H2SO4) cured sample, the specimen treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) performed better in loss in mass, strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity. From scanning electron microscope test, the dense microstructure with pore refinement was observed in GGBS based AAC mix with 10% RHA content. According to the findings, RHA content up to 10% substitution can be used as a substitute for the binder to produce sustainable AAC with greater durability and could eventually replace conventional concrete in structural applications.

THE IMPACT OF RICE HUSK ASH (RHA) AS SOILLESS GROWING MEDIUM ON SAWI CAIXIN GIANT (Brassica parachinensis) GROWTH PERFORMANCE

The Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2), which aims to end hunger, enhance nutrition, and support sustainable agriculture, places a high priority on food security. The amount of rice husk ash (RHA) produced by the process of burning rice husks has increased over time, causing environmental pollution. In modern soilless agriculture, RHA has a significant potential to be used as a fertile and nutrient-rich medium. The Zero Energy Soilless Agriculture (ZESA) System is a revolutionary concept for horticultural plants that might utilize RHA as a soilless growing medium. The effect of growing medium ratio of cocopeat and RHA on plant growth performance of sawi caixin giant (Brassica Parachinensis) using ZESA system over 35 days was investigated in this study. Three different treatments, T1 (1:0), T2 (1:1), and T3 (3:1), on the growing medium ratio of cocopeat and RHA were carried out. The treatments were set up in four replicates of two individuals each using a randomised full block design. The data of plant Growth parameters such as the number of leaves and plant height were recorded every 7 days, and the fresh weight of the plants was taken on harvesting day. FTIR analysis and an elemental analyzer were used to characterise the chemical analyses of cocopeat, RHA, and fertiliser. As shown by the results, T3 treatment increased all plant growth performance parameters compared to T1 control treatment, with a value of 12.02 cm for plant height, 10 leaves, and 33.75g of fresh weight. The plant growth performance of Brassica parachinensis was improved by using a 3:1 ratio of 25% RHA as a soilless growing medium couple with application of rich nitrogen X and Y fertilisers using the ZESA System. Finally, RHA has the potential to be used as a soilless growing medium for many horticulture plants using the ZESA System.

Transformation of rice husk modified basic oxygen furnace slag into geopolymer composites

Synergistic use of industrial and agricultural by-products can be solution of carbon emission from construction industry. The whole world is facing a crisis in finding ways to dispose of waste material. Hence, this study attempts to use rice husk and rice husk ash in geopolymers. Thus the study aims to develop a rice husk/basic oxygen furnace slag based geopolymer and study the factors affecting the performance of the binder. The developed geopolymer specimens were characterized using mechanical testing, physical and chemical techniques. The expansive nature of the organic matter in rice husk resulted in the geopolymer expanding and cracking. For this reason, rice husk ash was used to replace basic oxygen furnace slag. The rice husk was calcined at 600 °C to produce rice husk ash. The amount of rice husk ash as a replacement for basic oxygen furnace slag geopolymer varied from 0% to 50%. The effect of NaOH concentration, solid/liquid ratio, Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio, and the curing temperature was also studied to investigate the optimum parameter. The unconfined compressive strength is used to determine the performance of the binder. The results indicated an uptrend in unconfined compressive strength when increasing the rice husk ash content from 5% to 10%, and the optimum was 10%. Specimen with 8 M NaOH concentration had the highest unconfined compressive strength of 6.285 MPa. Moreover, it was also found that curing at 80 °C is an optimum condition for curing. Efflorescence formation and alkali leaching increased with the increase in rice husk ash content.

Workability and Compressive Strength of Mortar with Addition of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as Partial Cement Replacement in Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC)

In today’s engineering world, an industrial ecology is a prevalent approach for achieving long-term industrial development. This approach encourages waste from by-products to be recycled. One of these by-product wastes is rice husk ash (RHA). Previous research has highlighted RHA’s significant potential as a cement additive alternative. The possible use of RHA as a partial replacement for cement in designed cementitious composites is briefly described in the work (Engineered Cementitious Composite). RHA was utilized to substitute cement at various percentages by volume in the experiments, including 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The flow table test was used to evaluate the workability of the fresh mortar mix, while the compressive strength test was used to study the mechanical properties of the hardened mortar. From the result obtained, the workability of RHA-ECC decreased when the amount of RHA in the sample was increased. The compressive strength of RHA-ECC is maximum at 10% by volume compared to other replacement levels with 52.21% at 28 days of curing. This study adds to the body of knowledge about the sustainability of RHA as a partial cement replacement for ECC.

Influence of the initial setting of cement on the shear strength of rice husk ash stabilised soil

Determination of soil shear strength is essential for engineering construction. Using rice husk ash (RHA) with cement in the soil is a potential ground improvement technique that can reduce environmental problems and construction budget. In the present study, ten combinations of soil-RHA-cement were investigated to understand the effects of RHA with cement on the shear strength parameters of the soil. The admixtures were prepared by taking soil with 5%, 10%, 15% RHA, and 2%, 4%, and 6% cement. All specimens of soil-RHA-cement were tested after the initial setting of cement. The direct shear test was set up to compare different soil-RHA-cement mixtures under three normal stresses of 40, 60, and 80 kPa. The test results showed the difference in each mixture’s shear stress-shear displacement relationship, shear displacement- vertical displacement relationship, shear stress-normal stress relationship, shear strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle. According to the findings, shear strength improved as the cement ratio increased for the same amount of RHA in the soil, while dilatancy reduced compared to untreated soil. All soil-RHA-cement combinations had a stronger cohesiveness than untreated soil, but the angle of internal friction was lower. Under normal stress of 80 kPa, the soil with 5% RHA and 6% cement combination had the highest shear strength, corresponding to 62.9 kPa, and can be suggested for ground development.

Analisis Perbandingan Karakteristik Perkerasan Jalan Raya AC-BC Menggunakan Abu Sekam Padi Sebagai Filler Alternatif

One of the factors for the advancement of the economy of a region is due to smooth transportation routes, because with smooth transportation routes the process of selling, buying and exchanging goods can be carried out. Highway pavement is an important factor in supporting the development of transportation infrastructure, asphalt concrete mixture on road pavement requires filler material as a modification to increase strength and fill empty cavities in the pavement constituent structure. Rice husk contains ± 90% -98% silica after undergoing complete combustion, which is expected from this study, this content can provide good benefits for the AC-BC pavement building material. The results of this study can draw the conclusion that the characteristics of the AC-BC pavement using rice husk ash for each variation do not pass the Cavity points in the mixture (VIM) and Cavity in mineral aggregate (VMA) which have been determined by the Highways Guidelines, while for other characteristics of the test specimens for each variation passed the specifications. Comparison of the characteristic values ??of each test object according to the very significant variation, the value of each characteristic increases with the increase in the amount of rice husk ash added.

Development of a new magnesium oxychloride cement board by recycling of waste wood, rice husk ash and flue gas desulfurization gypsum

Recycling construction waste wood to produce magnesium oxychloride cement board (MOCB) is an eco-friendly and high-value strategy. The effects of extrusion force, admixtures, wood fiber content and size on the physical and mechanical properties of MOCB were systematically investigated in this study. The results show that an appropriate increase in the wood fiber content in MOCB can not only reduce the density but also increase its flexural strength, but the pulling force decreases due to the reduction of compactness. Meanwhile, the small-sized wood fiber is beneficial to the increase of density and pulling force of MOCB, and the appropriate increase of wood fiber size can improve its flexural strength and water resistance. Increasing the extrusion force can also enhance the flexural strength and pulling force by increasing the compactness of the sample, but it is detrimental to the development of water resistance. Appropriate amount of rice husk ash (RHA) can improve the mechanical properties and water resistance of MOCB. The incorporation of flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FG) reduces the strength of MOCB, but its water resistance is improved. In addition, RHA and FG-modified MOCBs indicate better environmental benefits and performance indicators (Thickness swelling and water absorption) compared to conventional resin-based particleboard and Portland cement-based particleboard. This study provides not only strategies for recycling waste wood, but also technical parameters for producing eco-friendly cement composite boards.

Production, characteristics, and utilization of rice husk ash in alkali activated materials: An overview of fresh and hardened state properties

Vast amounts of rice husk ash (RHA) are generated annually, with most of them unutilized or disposed to landfills, resulting in serious environmental degradation. To avoid this, the use of RHA as precursors or co-binder in the development of alkali activated materials (AAMs) is viewed as a viable alternative to avert this significant problem. In this paper, the generation, properties, and utilization of RHA in AAMs are systematically and comprehensively reviewed. Furthermore, the physical, chemical, and mineralogical composition of several RHA were critically examined, and their impact on fresh and hardened state properties of AAMs and blended formulations are presented. Generally, the properties of RHA are influenced by the source material and the production process (pre-treatment, burning time, burning temperature, cooling rate, coolingduration and milling) which in turn affect their pozzolanic reactivity. Due to its high pozzolanic nature, low energy requirement and greenhouse gas emission during production, RHA is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative cementitious material to produce AAMs. Various studies have reported the beneficial role of RHA on the mechanical, microstructural and durability properties of AAMs, especially when used at an optimal level. Overall, this review will provide valuable insight, direction, and recommendations for researchers and industrial sectors on the generation, recycling, characteristics, and utilization of RHA in the development of AAMs for potential construction applications.

Rice Husk Ash (RHA) Based Concrete: Workability and Compressive Strength with Different Dosages and Curing Ages

Abstract To reduce the consumption of cement in construction industry has been a hot area of consideration now days due to high evolution of CO2 gases during its production. Since decades efforts are made to replace cement with cementitious materials; minerals, agricultural, industrial by products etc. A few are fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, rice husk ash etc. These cementitious materials are often adopted as partial replacement of cement. However, their effectiveness and suitability as cementitious material depends upon their properties and the source of the production. Pakistan is an agricultural country and one of the major crops is Rice crop. It produces a substantial amount of rice husk during the processing g of the rice. A substantial amount of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) is produced on the burning of rice husk used as fuel in the rice mills while generating steam for parboiling process of rice grains. This ash causes the environmental problems also if not dumped properly. RHA is believed to have siliceous properties which may be used as supplementary cementitious material in concrete. As the suitability of supplementary cementitious materials is dependent upon the source of rice husk, temperature of burning of husk, its fineness and other properties. This study is focused on to determine the effect of rice husk ash produced by burning of the rice husk obtained from the local rice mills. Experimental investigation carried includes the determination of workability and compressive strength of concrete with different dosage of RHA from 5% to 30% with an increment of 5% tested at 1day, 3days, 7days and 28 days of the age of concrete. The results are compared with corresponding concrete without RHA and tested at the same ages. The results show the reduction in both the parameter; workability and compressive strength due to RHA particularly at its higher dosage beyond 10% by weight of cement.

Initial properties of 3D printing concrete using Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as Partial Cement Replacement

3D printing concrete is an alternative technology for construction industry that are gaining interest among the developers and contractors worldwide. 3D printing concrete requires a good quality printing material that are buildable, strong and durable to be used as construction material. This present study uses Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as cement material replacement in in 3D printing concrete. Initial investigation was carried out to assess the suitability of RHA as cement replacement by conducting basic cement test such as cement consistency, setting time and workability of the mortar. The amount of RHA was constant at 20% used as cement replacement. From this study, the appropriate water-binder ratio of RHA cement replacement was 0.45:1. As for setting time, the time required for mortar mix to be transport and delivered through the nozzles for 3D printing was achieved by implemented the 20% RHA as cement replacement which are initial time at 155 minutes and final time at 312 minutes. The flowability of the mortar with RHA were found to be printable and achieve the requirements of mortar for 3D printing. Hence, RHA exhibits promising material to be used as cement replacement in 3D printing construction.

Effect of rice husk ash on permeation characteristic of cementitious mortar

This paper investigated the effect of rice husk ash (RHA) on chloride permeability, water absorption, and permeable pore space of cementitious mortar. It was observed that the permeability, water absorption, and permeable pore spaces of mortar mixtures having rice husk ash as partial replacement of cement decreased as the amount of rice husk ash increased while the compressive strength increased. The reduction in chloride permeability, water absorption, and permeable pore space ranged between ∼3 to ∼52, ∼2 to 10%, and ∼2% to 18% with 4% to 12% RHA dosages without RHA mixture. In addition, linear co-relation exists between water absorption and permeable pore space and permeable pore space and charge pass with a coefficient of correlation of 0.93 and 0.90, respectively; quadratic polynomial co-relation exists between compressive strength and water absorption and compressive strength and permeable pore space.

Strength assessment of concrete using rice husk ash, recycled concrete aggregate and polyvinyl alcohol fiber

: This research work present the finest proper mix by adding and replacing with some other admixture materials having same properties as standard concrete materials. The substances that are used in this Rice husk ash (RHA) Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVA). Coarse aggregates was replaced with RCA at 50% and 0-20% RHA in scheming concrete mixes. For this, 5 to 20% (such as 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of RHA has been used as a fractional replacement of cement. PVA fiber has been added to this mix at fixed percentage of 0.50% by weight of concrete. 6 mm geometric length of PVA fiber which were aspect with ratio of 428 were used in this research work. In the present research work I did non-destructive and destructive tests after 7 days and 28 days. The values of tests were 10% for RHA and 50% of RCA with fiber fulfills which was PVA which were designed as for the requirement of construction industry. The results show that by adding more amount of RHA and RCA the concrete strength starts decreasing. Tests performed over concrete: Rebound Hammer Test, Flexural Strength Test, Water Absorption Test, Compressive Strength Test, Split Tensile Strength Test, and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test.

Development of sustainable mortar using waste rice husk ash from rice mill plant: Physical and thermal properties

The rice processing industry generates a significant amount of rice husk ash (RHA) waste, which is considered as cost-efficient and environmentally friendly pozzolanic material. This study used RHA as a replacement for filler material/fine aggregate in the mortar. The mechanical, thermal, and environmental performance of mortar comprising RHA waste as a replacement of river sand in different contents (0, 10, 20, 30 and 50% by weight of river sand) were investigated through experimental tests and environmental impact assessment. The RHAs were obtained from both controlled burnt (CBRHA) and opened burnt (OBRHA) processes and used to produce the mortar mixtures. Results show that OBRHA can be used as a partial replacement for river sand for up to 30% of weight to improve the thermal performance by reducing thermal conductivity up to 62% while keeping the adequate compressive strength. Further, the replacement of 30% weight of sand with OBRHA in conventional mortar production significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions (i.e. 13% reduction per kg) and cost (4% reduction per kg).

Dielectric Properties of the Calcium Silicate Glass-Ceramics Prepared from Agro-Food Wastes

Glasses and glass-ceramics were prepared from agro-food waste ashes via melt-quench technique and converted into glass ceramics by heat treatment at 900 °C for 10 h. Dielectric properties of the glass-ceramics were studied in the frequency range 100 Hz-1 MHz at discrete temperature (100–600 °C). Density was found to increase in glass ceramics in comparison to virgin glasses. Room temperature dielectric constants was in the range of 16–24 at 100 Hz. The activation energy decreases (0.42–0.32 eV) with decreasing amount of rice husk ash (RHA) with respect to eggshell powder (ESP). The maximum DC conductivity was observed around 10−5 S/cm at 600 °C. The moderate dielectric constant of present glass ceramics may find application in the field of microelectronics.

Mechanical and electromagnetic performance of cement based composites containing different replacement levels of ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, silica fume and rice husk ash

In this study, cement additives were replaced with cement in mortar mixtures by mass. Mortar specimens were prepared with different additives and dosages which were mechanically and electromagnetically tested. According to the compressive strength test results, mortars containing ground granulated blast furnace slag had weak early age strength and strong later age compressive strengths values, mortars containing fly ash had lower compressive strength value with increasing amount of additives in the mortar mixture for both 7 and 28-day samples, mortars containing silica fume had the maximum strength values at 20% replacement level and lastly the mortars including more than 10% rice husk ash showed weaker strength behaviors with increasing amount of rice husk ash. Besides, electromagnetic responses of the mortar samples were investigated in the frequency range of 3–18 GHz. The reflection and transmission values were measured and the absorption characteristics were calculated. According to the electromagnetic test results, it is revealed that the mortars including ground granulated blast furnace slag can be utilized in the applications of high stealth technology and electromagnetic shields in a wide frequency range of communication field. An increase in the ratio of fly ash in the mortars reduces the transmission of the electromagnetic wave. Mortars including silica fume had very low values of reflection and transmission. Hence, it is expected that the absorption values must be high due to dependency of absorption to reflection and transmission, and it can be said that mortar with rice husk ash exhibits a strong absorber behavior.

Optimization of machining parameters for minimal temperature in cylindrical grinding of Al7075/RHA composite

This research work deals with an investigational study on the temperature developed while cylindrical grinding of Al7075/RHA composite. The Al7075 base material is reinforced with rice husk ash (RHA) particles through squeeze casting methodology wherein the amount of RHA in Al7075 matrix is varied as 5, 10 and 15% in weight. The parameters that are taken into consideration for grinding study are RHA %, table feed and depth of cut each at three levels. The experiment is designed based on Taguchi design of experiments and the output response is temperature. The results revels that the RHA %, table feed and depth of cut have inverse effect over temperature. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results confirmed that the grinding temperature has greatly affected by the amount of reinforcement present in the matrix. The developed regression equation has the higher ability to forecast the output with minimal deviation.