Amount Of Bagasse Research Articles

Potensi Nilai Kalor Biomassa Dari Ampas Tebu (Bagasse) Yang Bersumber Dari Penjual Minuman Sari Tebu Di Kota Pontianak

Dependence on the provision of electricity using fossil fuels is a major energy supply problem in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to provide new and renewable alternative fuels that are effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly. One of the alternative fuels is bagasse biomass. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of bagasse produced by sellers of sugarcane juice drink in Pontianak City, in order to determine the estimated value of bagasse. The research method used was direct data collection and laboratory testing . Based on the results of the study, the number of vendors of sugarcane juice beverages producing bagasse was 169. Of this amount, produce bagasse that can reach 1,030.9 kg/day. Based on the test results, the estimated moisture content of bagasse was 3.28%, ash content was 0.77%, and carbon remained at 7.65%. So, if converted with the test results of the calorific value of bagasse and made into briquettes bagasse (bio briquettes), which is 19,648 kJ/kg with a density of 0.416 kg/m3, then converted into a potential calorific value of 242,849,280 J/year.

Efficiency of an aquatubular boiler from the burning of four cultivars of sugar cane

The growing demand for energy from renewable sources increasingly seeks to implement efficient energy production systems. Thus, the objective of this work is to determine the thermal efficiency of an aquatubular boiler that will burn the bagasse from four sugarcane cultivars: SP 80-1816, RB72-454, SP80-3280 and SP81-3250. This efficiency will be determined through the calculation methods: PCI - lower calorific value, PCS - higher calorific value and direct method. These cultivars were planted in the south-central region of Brazil where the largest sugar cane producers in the country are located. The results obtained show the importance of the energy analysis that each cultivar provides for energy cogeneration, as well as the benefits that will directly influence its production chain for controlled management. Among the benefits of controlled management are: maximizing processes and optimizing the energy use of each cultivar. The optimum efficiency of the boiler in energy production in relation to steam production depends on the intrinsic variables of each cultivar, such as bagasse and moisture content. When calculating the boiler efficiency, the SP 80-1816 variety proved to be more advantageous in relation to the others, considering the same characteristics of the production process, planting region, harvest time and the same type of boiler used. Still related to the study, the cultivar SP 80-1816 requires a smaller amount of bagasse in the boiler feed to produce heat, which results in greater energy production considering the same amount of bagasse of the studied varieties.

Analisis Kelayakan Produksi Silikon dari Abu Ampas Tebu

It is estimated that the increase of sugarcane production will also increase the amount of bagasse. Sugar mills utilize dried bagasse as boiler fuel and the burning results a bagasse ash.Unrefined bagasse is estimated to contribute to the impact of the environment, including health problems when inhaled by humans. When covers the leaves, it will block the process of photosynthesis in plant. This are due to the size of ash and the contents of silica dioxide compound inside the bagasse. Besides providing impact, silica dioxide compounds are compounds that have high economic value as it can be used as silicon. The purposes of the utilization of bagasse ashes into silicon are to reduce the impact on the environment, to increase the economic value of bagasse ash and to empower community. The results of the feasibility analysis of silicon production from bagasse ash arethe planned production capacity of 10,000 tons/year, breakeven point (BEP) that is 3,400 tons/year or 34% of production capacity, Return of Investment (ROI) that is 28%, Payout Time (POT) of 3,6 years and 28,25% of Internal Rate of Return (IRR).Therefore, the plan to utilize the bagasse ash from silicon can be considered to be done.

Risk Management of Sugar Production Due to the Magnitude of Losses (Case Study of PT Perkebunan Nusantara X)

High sugar consumption cannot be fulfilled by domestic sugar production. The reason is that the performance and efficiency of the national sugar mills (PG) are still relatively low. Measurement of efficiency of sugar mills can be conducted by counting the sugar losses. This study aims to (1) to analyze the value of loss index and its implications on the efficiency of sugar mills;and (2) to assess the risk due to losses. Primary and Secondary data were used in this study containing annual data of sugar mills performance indicators in PTPN X such as Overall Recovery (OR), Boiling House Recovery (BHR), Mill Extraction (ME),the amount of bagasse, the amount of filter cake, and the amount if molasses at sugar cane factory (period of 2011-2015). The data were analyzed by evaluative descriptive analysis, index calculation, and risk assessment using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. The analysis shows that the losses produced by sugar mills in Indonesia are still quite high around 2.60–2.88%. This level of losses shows the performance of sugar mills is inefficient and causes financial losses in sugar mills. Production risk assessment due to losses shows a high level of risk. Therefore, sugar mills must have a program to reduce its level of losses to the minimum level (<2%). Meanwhile, sugar mills must have programs to utilize losses to be value-added co-products. Keywords: losses, FMEA, efficiency, performance, sugar industry

Tensile Behavior of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Thinner Fibers of Sugarcane Bagasse

Surgarcane bagasse is an industrial waste partially used as fuel for sugar and ethanol processing boilers. A considerably amount of bagasse, however, is disposed into the environment without a practical use. Research works are investigating the possible application of the fibers of these bagasse waste as reinforcement of polymer composites. Thus, the aim of the present work was to evaluate the mechanical behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with different volume fractions, up to 30 %, of thinner sugarcane bagasse fibers. Specimens with aligned fibers were tensile tested at room temperature and the ultimate strength, elastic modulus and total deformation results indicated a superior performance as compared to composites reinforcement with average thicker bagasse fibers

Investigations on the Pozzolanic Effect of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ashes Used in Cementitious Composites

Brazil is a major producer of alcohol from sugar cane, a fuel with low environmental impact. The production of alcohol generates a large amount of bagasse, the biggest waste of Brazilian agriculture. This bagasse is usually burned for energy production providing nearly 3% of residual ashes. The potential use of these ashes like mineral admixture of cementitious composites depends on calcination conditions. The present work identifies the physical and chemical characteristics of ashes from the furnace exhauster, obtained in an industry located at southeast region of Brazil. The ashes were obtained from bagasse of sugar cane harvest in two different seasons. Chemical composition analysis, X-ray diffraction, grain size distribution, loss on ignition, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), specific surface measurements (BET) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were used to characterize the ashes. The pozzolanic activity was estimated by pozzolanic activity index tests with cement and lime, by the modified Chapelle test, electrical conductivity in lime solution tests, TGA and FTIR. The ashes presented different chemical compositions and degree of amorphicity. The ashes with a higher content of silica, the lower organic material content and high degree of crystallinity (1st harvest), for the same size, have higher pozzolanic on electrical conductivity in lime solution tests than the ashes with lower silica content and higher amorphicity (2nd harvest). However, the results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and modified Chapelle method would indicate the pozzolanicity of the ashes of the 2nd harvest. The results of pozzolanic activity index (with cement or lime) indicated the ashes were not pozzolanic.

Brazilian sugarcane bagasse: Energy and non-energy consumption

Sugarcane is an important crop for economic development of Brazil, once it represents an ethanol and sugar source, as well as the biomass residue (bagasse) that is used for electric energy production. Due to its increasing potential uses, sugarcane bagasse was analyzed for energy & non-energy consumption in this work. For that, the amount of bagasse used for this purpose since 1999/2000 to 2012/2013 seasons was discussed as well as the energy from sugarcane bagasse commercialized on energy auctions in Brazil. Additionally, an estimative of bagasse quantity to be used for electric energy and for second-generation ethanol for 2015 and 2030 was shown. The volume of sugarcane bagasse production has increased year by year, and it is possible to observe that there is an increase amount of available bagasse being used for power generation (energy consumption), in cogeneration arrangements. The Brazilian Energy Plan scenarios estimate a mass sugarcane bagasse offering to be used only for second-generation ethanol around 7.0 × 106 tonnes year−1 for 2015, and 25.9 × 106 tonnes year−1 for 2030. Apart from the bagasse that provides all energy required by sugarcane process, mills can generate an energy surplus and sell it to the grid. Power generation from sugarcane bagasse has been made possible through financing by the Brazilian Program of Incentives for Alternative Sources of Electrical Power (PROINFA) which is a renewable energy and can be commercialized through energy auctions.

Improving second generation ethanol production through optimization of first generation production process from sugarcane

Sugarcane bagasse and trash may be used as feedstock for second generation ethanol production. Production of second generation ethanol integrated with first generation plants processing sugarcane presents several advantages over the stand-alone second generation ethanol production process; however, bagasse is used as fuel to supply the energy demand of the first generation process, so the amount of bagasse and trash available for use as feedstock in second generation depends on the energy consumption of the integrated process. Therefore, process optimization leading to reduction in steam consumption will lead to the production of larger amounts of surplus bagasse. In this study the introduction of process improvements in the first generation autonomous distillery processing sugarcane were assessed through simulation using Aspen Plus. Second generation ethanol production was integrated to the optimized scenarios. Results show that process improvements can significantly increase the amount of lignocellulosic material available for use as feedstock for second generation ethanol production, thus increasing ethanol production.

Comparison of process configurations for ethanol production from two-step pretreated sugarcane bagasse

The use of pretreated sugarcane bagasse for ethanol production was investigated by comparing three process configurations, separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and presacchararification followed by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (PSSF). Design of experiments was applied to the different configurations. Glucose concentration and glucose yield were selected as response parameters for the saccharification step, while ethanol concentration and amount of bagasse per liter of ethanol were taken as comparison parameters among the three process configurations. Best values for ethanol yield of 81.6, 59.4 and 68.4% of theoretical yield based on glucose content in raw material were achieved for SHF, SSF and PSSF, respectively. From one ton of sugarcane bagasse it is possible to obtain, under these experimental conditions, 192, 172 and 198 L of ethanol, respectively. PSSF is the best process configuration based on ethanol yield and on volume of ethanol that can be produced from one tone of sugarcane bagasse. Further studies will be focused on increasing working scale.

Injection Molding Preparation and Film Formation Performance of Powders-Modified Polyethylene Biomass Carrier for Aerobic Process

A simple injection molding process was proposed for manufacturing polyethylene (PE) biofilm carrier composited with various powder additives including hydroxyapatite (HAP), starch, bagasse, activated carbon(AC) and magnetic powder(MP) as slow-released nutrients in wastewater biological treatment. The powders were also responsible for improving the hydrophilicity and biomass affinity of the carrier. Pre-attachment between powders and PE particle may achieve great improvement in flow ability of particle-powder mixture during injection molding process. The slow release rate of nutrients (mainly water-soluble starch) from the modified carrier to wastewater can be controlled by the amount of bagasse and activated carbon supplemented in the carrier. The contact angle of a water droplet on the polyethylene surface decreased from 80° to 59° after modification, and the period of biofilm formation on the modified carrier with acclimated sludge reduced from 7 days (on PE carrier without additives) to 4 days. The amount of attached biomass on the modified carrier was also found about twice as that on the common PE carrier. The strength performance test demonstrated the capability of long-term operation for the modified carrier in practical application.

Study of Aromatic Compounds Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse. Part I: Effect of pH

AbstractThis work aims at increasing the knowledge about the recovery of aromatic compounds from the lignin fraction of sugarcane bagasse, as well as exploring the possibility to recover these fine chemicals of great concern for many industrial sectors. The major natural products contained in the lignin fraction of such a straw material were extracted in previous work by alkaline hydrolysis using different concentrations of NaOH and amounts of bagasse, and HPLC analyses revealed that the extracts mainly contained p‐coumaric acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, and vanillin, the first three containing and the last lacking a carboxyl group. All these aromatic compounds have well‐known antioxidant power and are very important in pharmacology. For these reasons, they have been investigated in this study by UV spectrophotometry, with special concern to the pH effect on their spectra and determination of their pKa values.

Diversification of breeding program to develop multipurpose sugarcane cultivars

Diversification is one way of sustenance of any crop. With this in mind, we initiated a selection program at Mitr Phol Sugarcane Research Centre, Thailand to develop sugarcane cultivars for value addition through improved fiber content. A set of 21 cultivars, selected on fibre, Brix, and yield was evaluated along with a standard commercial cultivar K 84–200 in a field trial (RCBD with three replications) during the period 2005 to 2007. Cane stalk samples collected from 7th month till harvest were analyzed for fibre content and Commercial Cane Sugar (CCS) to establish their maturity pattern. We observed significant differences for cane yield, CCS, purity, sugar yield, fibre content and fibre yield. Fibre content ranged from 13.5% to 19.3% with two cultivars outperforming K 84–200 by more than 25% for fibre content while 12 cultivars had additional fibre content of more than 1% compared to K 84–200. Seven cultivars were multipurpose types with superior fibre content, CCS, and yield. Cultivar MPT 99–582, which recorded cane yield of 102 t/ha, CCS 13.2 and fibre content 15.5% was better performing than K 84–200 by 8, 10, 12, 23 and 21% for fibre, CCS, cane yield, sugar yield and fibre yield, respectively. Based on their performance in terms of fibre, CCS, and yield, 11 cultivars were selected and planted in two ecological trials (six 10 meter rows with 4 replication in RCBD). The data from these two trials reconfirmed the multipurpose nature of the varieties with MPT 99–582 being superior. The studies indicated that we could select multipurpose cultivars with improved fibre content and sugar yield. These cultivars would increase the amount of bagasse produced in sugar mills leading to a higher quantity of bagasse available either for co-generation or production of particle boards.

Sugarcane Bagasse as Raw Material and Immobilization Support for Xylitol Production

Xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion was performed utilizing Candida guilliermondii immobilized in sugarcane bagasse and cultured in Erlenmeyer flasks using sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate as the source of xylose. Fermentations were carried out according to a factorial design, and the independent variables considered were treatment, average diameter, and amount of bagasse used as support for cell immobilization. By increasing the amount of support, the xylitol yield decreased, whereas the biomass yield increased. The diameter of the support did not influence xylitol production, and treatment of the bagasse with hexamethylene diamine prior to fermentation resulted in the highest amount of immobilized cells.