Ammonium Carbonate Concentration Research Articles

Elektrokhimicheskaya pererabotka otkhodov tyazhelykh vol'framovykh splavov v rastvorakh karbonata ammoniya

The electrochemical behavior of tungsten and the VNZHK alloy (wt. %: W 90; Ni 7.2; Fe 1.8; Co 1) in solutions of (0.5—1.5 M) ammonium carbonate was investigated by linear voltammetry in a potentiodynamic mode. An increase in the maximum anodic density of the oxidation current of tungsten and the VNZHK alloy was revealed with an increase in the ammonium carbonate concentration. The process of electrochemical dissolution of the VNZHK alloy waste in a 1.0 M solution of ammonium carbonate was investigated by galvanostatic electrolysis, as well as electrolysis under the action of a sinusoidal alternating current of industrial frequency. The advantage of alternating use of direct and alternating currents is justified. It has been established that during the processing of the VNZHK alloy waste under the alternating action of direct and alternating currents, the transition of tungsten from the alloy to an ammonium carbonate solution is accompanied by the concentration of the iron subgroupmetals in the microdisperse sludge of electrolysis. A basic technological scheme for the tungsten extraction from the heavy tungsten alloys waste with the production of ammonium paravolframate as the final product is proposed.

Calcium carbonate crystallization process from the mineralization of calcium chloride waste

The distillation waste stream from the ammonia-alkali process contains 90–120 g/L of calcium chloride. Using calcium chloride as raw material to mineralize carbon dioxide can achieve efficient utilization of calcium chloride waste and CO2 emission reduction. This article is based on a two-step synthesis method, using ammonium carbonate and calcium chloride as raw materials to synthesize calcium carbonate. The changes in pH of the mineralized solution with time were investigated under factors such as temperature, ammonium carbonate concentration, feeding method, and retention time. The crystallization mechanism of carbonation process shows that the pH of solution will affect the degree of supersaturation of calcium carbonate, and high supersaturation is conducive to the precipitation of metastable aragonite and vaterite phases. The experimental results showed that when ammonium carbonate was passed into calcium chloride at a rate of 10 mL/min at different temperatures and different ammonium carbonate concentrations, the pH change of the mineralized solution could be divided into three stages: a rapid pH decrease stage (9.5–7), a pH stabilization stage (∼7) and a pH rebound stage (7–8.5). Increasing the temperature is conducive to the formation of submicron calcite type calcium carbonate, changing the concentration of ammonium carbonate, and the crystal phase and size of the product are almost unaffected. If calcium chloride is added to ammonium carbonate, under low calcium ion concentration conditions, calcium carbonate tends to form aragonite phase.

Effective parameters of Mo recovery from spent homogeneous nanocatalyst in slurry phase hydroconversion processes

Molybdenum sulfide nanoparticles have an important role in catalytic behavior of hydroconversion catalyst. The extraction of Mo is a crucial issue because of great consumption, environmental regulations, high cost and depletion of high grades resources. In this work, Plackett-Burman design as a screening method is used to analyze the effects of six variables with the intent to increase the efficiency of molybdenum recovery from homogenous nanocatalysts in the slurry phase hydroconversion processes. These variables consist of leaching temperature, oxidation temperature, leaching time, oxidation time, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and ammonium carbonate concentration. This design offers the significant role of parameters that determining optimum recovery conditions for achieving the cost-efficient, shorter duration and more environmentally friendly process. The results show that the leaching time, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and ammonium carbonate concentration are effective parameters on molybdenum concentration with a degree of confidence of 95%. Based on the obtained results, the influences of leaching and oxidation temperatures and oxidation time were negligible. A linear model was obtained to predict operation conditions by effective parameters for estimating recovery. The maximum recovery is achieved at minimum leaching time (20 min), minimum hydrogen peroxide concentration (10 vol %) and maximum ammonium carbonate concentration (7 wt %).

Comparison and evaluation of vanadium extraction from the calcification roasted vanadium slag with carbonation leaching and sulfuric acid leaching

Calcification roasting process for vanadium extraction has advantages in environmental protection, low cost of roasting additives, easy reutilization of the tailings. During the calcification roasting process, the vanadium spinel contained in the converter vanadium slag transforms into calcium vanadate. Carbonation leaching and sulfuric acid leaching used for extracting vanadium from the calcification roasted slag were compared and evaluated in detail, and effects of leaching parameters and the leaching kinetics were investigated. It was found that grinding the roasted slag particles below 94 μm can ensure a higher vanadium recovery. Leaching temperature, concentration of the ammonium carbonate, solid to liquid ratio all impacted the recovery of vanadium significantly. Under the conditions of temperature of 353 K, ammonium carbonate concentration of 200 g/L and solid to liquid ratio of 1:20 g/mL, 73.67% of the vanadium was extracted in 60 min. In the sulfuric acid leaching process, the aqueous pH value played a vital role and it was better to conduct the leaching at temperatures below 323 K. The sulfuric acid leaching reactions progressed fast and under a solid to liquid ratio of 1:10 the leaching efficiency of vanadium reached around 84% at 313 K and pH 2.50 in less than 30 min. Both leaching processes can be well described by the kinetic equation of 1/5(1 − α)−5/3 − 1/4(1 − α)-4/3 + 1/20 = kt, which represents the leaching process is controlled by diffusion of the two reactants in both directions. The difference lies in that the solid layer which the reactants pass through is mainly composed of silicate phases and Fe-rich phases in the ammonium carbonate leaching process, while in the sulfuric acid leaching process, calcium sulfate which instantaneously generates and tightly wraps the unreacted core, plays a dominant role in limiting the diffusion of the reactants. The ammonium carbonate leaching performs better in selectivity over the vanadium than the sulfuric acid leaching, but collection of ammonia and enrichment of vanadium-bearing solution should be considered..

Facile synthesis of N doped ZnO Coral bundles for enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity

AbstractAn efficient single‐step facile synthesis of coral bundle‐like nanocrystalline N‐doped ZnO was developed using (NH4)2CO3 as a source of nitrogen. The method of zinc nitrate addition and concentration of ammonium carbonate (3.5 mol/L) played a pivotal role in the formation of coral bundle‐like morphology along with nitrogen doping and change in color of the prepared nanomaterial. XPS, Raman, and the peak broadening in XRD confirmed the presence of nitrogen in the crystal lattice. An enhanced absorbance in the UV‐visible DRS spectrum predicts the visible light‐ and UV light‐induced photocatalytic activities for the degradation of organics via a radical mediated mechanism as evidenced by EPR analysis. The results evidence the particle size (9‐12 nm), morphology (coral bundle like), surface roughness (33.87 nm), and surface area (44.028 m2/g) of the prepared coral bundle‐shaped nitrogen‐doped zinc oxide (CBSNZ) photocatalyst. CBSNZ showed a twofold increase in visible light photocatalytic activity when compared to ZnO and excellent antimicrobial properties when compared to the standard streptomycin and ketoconazole. The MIC for CBSNZ was very less when compared to the standards for “Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes.” This provides a wider application of CBSNZ as an environmentally benign nanomaterial.

Optimized composite microspheres containing insecticide and attractant for control of Rhagoletis batava obseuriosa Kol. (Diptera: Tephritidae)

AbstractAmmonium carbonate is used as an attractant for many fruit flies since it releases ammonia in humid atmospheres, which is attractive to them. For integrated pest management in the field, and as part of an ‘attract‐and‐kill’ strategy, it is necessary to prolong the release period of ammonia from the ammonium carbonate and combine it with an insecticide. To achieve this, we combined ammonium carbonate with spinosad in slow‐release microspheres. The microspheres were prepared using gelatin and polylactic acid as capsule materials. An orthogonal test was used to optimize the parameters needed for production. Particles produced using the optimal parameters were uniform in size (55.5 μm diameter), the spinosad encapsulation rate was 98.1%, the encapsulation concentration of ammonium carbonate was 2.6 mg/g, and they had a longer release period than when the components were not encapsulated. In a field experiment, rates of damage to sea buckthorn by Rhagoletis batava obseuriosa Kol. (Diptera, Tephritidae) (RBO) were 16.05 ± 1.15% in the treatment subplots compared with 81.75 ± 1.50% in the control subplot; the mean number of RBO trapped per trap per day was 21.2 ± 6.3 (SE) in the treatment subplots and 130.8 ± 27.5 (SE) in the control subplot, respectively. Therefore, using composite microspheres has potential as an effective method for control of RBO.

A clean and efficient approach for recovery of vanadium and tungsten from spent SCR catalyst

The widespread use of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts will provide many waste SCR catalysts. These spent catalysts can be identified as hazardous solid waste because they contain a lot of heavy metals. This work aims to develop a clean, green, and economical way to recover valuable metals and regenerate the catalyst. The effect parameters of hydrogen peroxide and ammonium carbonate concentration, time, and temperature on the V and W leaching efficiencies were investigated. The leaching process can be described by a shrinking core model (SCM). The raw material and the residue were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDS, XPS, and Raman analysis. The crystal structure of the leaching residue was stable through the leaching process and can serve as a carrier for the regenerated catalyst. Ammonium paratungstate (APT) and vanadium pentoxide were obtained. This work may introduce a new perspective for the efficient and comprehensive usage of the spent SCR catalyst.

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Evaluation of the Uranium (VI) Stripping from Alamine-336 in the Presence of Iron (III)

An economic process was developed via the batch scale for the uranium (VI) stripping in the presence of iron (III) from loaded alamine-336 by ammonium carbonate solution. The optimum conditions were assessed for the uranium (VI) stripping using the central composite design method, which is a subset of response surface methodology. The R-squared, U (VI), and Fe (III) stripping percentages with a value of equal 0.989, 72.61%, and 0.1% were obtained, respectively in the optimum conditions of the U (VI) and Fe (III) stripping from loaded alamine-336. The optimum stripping conditions led to the obtaining of the ammonium carbonate concentration equal to 0.64 mol/L, the phase ratio of 0.8 (O/A), the temperature of 53 , the contact time of 2510 seconds, and the shaking speed of 1100 rpm. Moreover, the stripping kinetics, equilibrium constant, and thermodynamic data were determined to describe the nature of the U (VI) and Fe (III) stripping from loaded alamine-336 by the ammonium carbonate solution. The temperature-dependent data showed that the U (VI) stripping was an endothermic process.

Evaluation of the protective efficiency of a volatile corrosion inhibitor of atmospheric corrosion of metals in the presence of aggressive micro impurities of air by impedance spectroscopy method

The protective efficiency of the volatile IFHAN-114 corrosion inhibitor (VCI) was determined by impedance spectroscopy under atmospheric corrosion of St3 steel and copper in livestock buildings containing trace amounts of carbon dioxide, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the regulatory allowable concentrations. A 0.1 M NaCl solution was used as the background electrolyte. The effect of the combined presence of NH3 and CO2 corrosion stimulants of metals in the air was modeled by introducing (NH4)2CO3 in concentrations of 10 and 100 mg/L into the background solution. To simulate the combined presence of NH3 and H2S in air, equivalent amounts of Na2S and NH4Cl were introduced into the background electrolyte solution to obtain (NH4)2S (10 and 100 mg/L) at specified concentrations. This resulted in the hydrolysis of NH4+ and S2- ions to form NH4OH and H2S, which are stable in the surface phase film. According to impedance spectroscopy, (NH4)2CO3 at a concentration of 10 mg/L acts as an corrosion inhibitor of steel in a 0.1 M NaCl solution, and IFKHAN-114 (nonequivalent mixture of polyaniline with benzoic acid), introduced into the solution along with this amount of ammonium carbonate, plays the role of a corrosion stimulator. However, with an increase in the concentration of ammonium carbonate, its inhibitory effect is decreased, and for IFKHAN-114, introduced along with the salt, on the contrary, is appeared. A similar pattern is observed for the copper electrode. In the presence of (NH4)2S, almost the same effect of salt and VCI is observed for steel and copper, but with some variation. A comparison of the data obtained by gravimetric tests and impedance measurements showed that in the latter case only qualitative results can be obtained, although they undoubtedly confirm the presence of the inhibitory ability of IFKHAN-114 in a chloride neutral solution.

Preparation of Small-Particle and High-Density Cobalt Carbonate Using a Continuous Carbonate Precipitation Method and Evaluation of Its Growth Mechanism.

Spherical CoCO3 powder with a small particle size and high density was successfully prepared using a continuous carbonate liquid precipitation method with a raw material of cobalt chloride solution, a precipitant of NH4HCO3, and without a template. The effects of the concentration of ammonium carbonate, process pH, and feeding rate on the tap density and apparent density of cobalt carbonate were investigated. It was found that the apparent and tap density values of 4.4 µm of cobalt carbonate were 1.27 g/cm3 and 1.86 g/cm3, respectively, when the initial concentration of NH4HCO3 solution was 60 g/L, the pH was 7.15–7.20, and the feeding rate of cobalt chloride was 2 L/h. The anisotropic growth process of the crystal lattice plane of CoCO3 under the aforementioned optimal conditions were studied. The results demonstrated that the crystal grew fastest along the (110) facet orientation, which was the dominant growth surface, determining the final morphology of the primary particles. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) results demonstrated that the primary particle morphology of the cobalt carbonate was a nanosheet. The unit cell of cobalt carbonate, of a hexagonal structure in the horizontal direction, grew horizontally along the (110) facet orientation, while 20–35 unit cells of the carbon carbonate were stacked along the c-axis in the thickness direction. Finally, the sheet-shaped particles were agglomerated into dense spherical secondary particles, as presented through the crystal re-crystallization model.

Dissolving behavior of ammonium paratungstate in (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 –NH 3 ·H 2 O–H 2 O system

Abstract The effects of temperature, ammonia concentration and ammonium carbonate concentration on the dissolving behavior of ammonium paratungstate were studied in (NH4)2CO3–NH3·H2O–H2O system. The results show that rising temperature, prolonging duration, increasing ammonia concentration and decreasing ammonium carbonate concentration favor dissolving of ammonium paratungstate at temperature below 90 °C, while the WO3 concentration decreases after a certain time at temperature above 100 °C. Furthermore, the undissolved tungsten exists in the form of either APT·4H2O below 90 °C or pyrochlore-type tungsten trioxide above 100 °C. In dissolving process, the ammonium paratungstate dissolves into paratungstate ions followed by partially converting to tungstate ion, resulting in the coexistence of the both ions. This study may provide a new idea to exploit a novel technique for manufacturing ammonium paratungstate and pyrochlore-type tungsten trioxide.

Combinatorial application of ammonium carbonate and sulphuric acid pretreatment to achieve enhanced sugar yield from pine needle biomass for potential biofuel–ethanol production

Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) despite its huge potential as a renewable bioenergy resource faces bottlenecks due to its recalcitrance and lack of appropriate pretreatment approaches. The current study evaluates the combinatorial application of alkali and acid pretreatment of pine needle biomass (PNB), for achieving high sugar release upon enzymatic saccharification. Pine needle accumulation poses a big threat to the forest soil fertility and overall ecosystem and environment. However, pine needle waste can be valorized after appropriate pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification for production of renewable energy, i.e. biofuel–ethanol. In combinatorial pretreatment strategy, first PNB was subjected to ammonium carbonate pretreatment, and parameters like ammonium carbonate concentration, incubation time and pretreatment temperature were optimized using design of experiment (DoE) approach. The relative influence of parameters on efficacy of pretreatment was established individually and in interactive terms. Based on DoE, sugar yield of 7.56 mg/g of PNB was obtained. Furthermore, DoE-based pretreated PNB was subjected to sulphuric acid pretreatment, followed by enzymatic saccharification. The sugar released during various steps was pooled (8.19 g/100 g), concentrated and subjected to ethanol fermentation with dual yeast cultures using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis. An ethanol yield of 8.8%, v/v (6.94% w/v), was obtained. This represents the process efficiency of 19.34% for bioethanol production from PNB.

Nanoporous mannitol carrier prepared by non-organic solvent spray drying technique to enhance the aerosolization performance for dry powder inhalation

An optimum carrier rugosity is essential to achieve a satisfying drug deposition efficiency for the carrier based dry powder inhalation (DPI). Therefore, a non-organic spray drying technique was firstly used to prepare nanoporous mannitol with small asperities to enhance the DPI aerosolization performance. Ammonium carbonate was used as a pore-forming agent since it decomposed with volatile during preparation. It was found that only the porous structure, and hence the specific surface area and carrier density were changed at different ammonium carbonate concentration. Furthermore, the carrier density was used as an indication of porosity to correlate with drug aerosolization. A good correlation between the carrier density and fine particle fraction (FPF) (r2 = 0.9579) was established, suggesting that the deposition efficiency increased with the decreased carrier density. Nanoporous mannitol with a mean pore size of about 6 nm exhibited 0.24-fold carrier density while 2.16-fold FPF value of the non-porous mannitol. The enhanced deposition efficiency was further confirmed from the pharmacokinetic studies since the nanoporous mannitol exhibited a significantly higher AUC0-8h value than the non-porous mannitol and commercial product Pulmicort. Therefore, surface modification by preparing nanoporous carrier through non-organic spray drying showed to be a facile approach to enhance the DPI aerosolization performance.

Ammonium carbonate as a catalyst for lignocellulose pretreatment and a nitrogen source for fermentation

In this work, ammonium carbonate (AC), a product released during the regeneration of ammonia-based carbon capture process, was evaluated as an alkaline catalyst for the pretreatment of lignocellulose; and as a nitrogen source in the subsequent fermentation process for bioethanol production. Response surface methodology was employed to attain an optimum pretreatment condition in terms of AC concentration (15–25%), reaction time (5–15h) and temperature (60–100°C). The highest enzymatic digestibility of 59.9% was achieved with AC concentration of 20.0% at 79.5°C of treatment temperature for 9.46h of reaction time. A fermentation medium containing ammonium ion derived from the liquid hydrolysate after the AC-based pretreatment was found to enhance the final concentration of ethanol produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae from 9.13g/L to 13.30g/L. These results indicate that AC can indeed serve as a catalyst option for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass and has an added advantage of being used as a nitrogen source for the fermentation process.

Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Based-Microparticles for Peptide Pulmonary Delivery.

Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) is known to interact with proteins, for example, in biogenic ACC, to form stable amorphous phases. The control of amorphous/crystalline and inorganic/organic ratios in inhalable calcium carbonate microparticles may enable particle properties to be adapted to suit the requirements of dry powders for pulmonary delivery by oral inhalation. For example, an amorphous phase can immobilize and stabilize polypeptides in their native structure and amorphous and crystalline phases have different mechanical properties. Therefore, inhalable composite microparticles made of inorganic (i.e., calcium carbonate and calcium formate) and organic (i.e., hyaluronan (HA)) amorphous and crystalline phases were investigated for peptide and protein pulmonary aerosol delivery. The crystalline/amorphous ratio and polymorphic form of the inorganic component was altered by changing the microparticle drying rate and by changing the ammonium carbonate and HA initial concentration. The bioactivity of the model peptide, salmon calcitonin (sCT), coprocessed with alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), a model protein with peptidase inhibitor activity, was maintained during processing and the microparticles had excellent aerodynamic properties, making them suitable for pulmonary aerosol delivery. The bioavailability of sCT after aerosol delivery as sCT and AAT-loaded composite microparticles to rats was 4-times higher than that of sCT solution.

Selective copper recovery from complex mixtures of end-of-life electronic products with ammonia-based solution

Electronic waste treatment within EU has focused on valuable metal recycling and has been defined by the EU directives. The difficulties for recycling are induced by the high complexity of such waste. In this research, a hydrometallurgical process was developed to recycle copper from industrially processed information and communication technology (ICT) waste. By using air as the oxidant and ammonia–ammonium carbonate leaching solution, copper could be extracted with high recovery – more than 90%, and high extraction selectivity – around 98%. In order to understand the copper extraction process and the reaction mechanisms, the effects of a range of parameters during copper leaching were comprehensively investigated, including ammonia concentration, leaching temperature, ammonium carbonate concentration, the liquid-to-solid ratio, air flow rate and mechanical stirring rate. The controlling step for the leaching kinetics was identified and the effects of different parameters were investigated. This research is potentially beneficial for further optimisation of the copper leaching process and the whole process design for copper recycling after incorporating with solvent purification and electrowinning of the copper-rich solution.

Dissolution study of chalcopyrite concentrate in oxidative ammonia/ammonium carbonate solutions at moderate temperature and ambient pressure

In this research, the dissolution behaviour and leaching kinetics of Sarcheshmeh chalcopyrite concentrate was investigated in oxidative ammonia/ammonium carbonate solution. Temperature, concentration of ammonia and ammonium carbonate, agitation speed, solid to liquid ratio, oxygen flow rate, pH and particle size were chosen as parameters in the experiments. About 70% of copper was effectively recovered at temperature 60°C; ammonia/ammonium carbonate concentrations: 5M NH3+0.3M (NH4)2CO3; agitation speed: 1000rpm; solid to liquid ratio: 1:20g/mL; oxygen flow rate: 1L/min; leaching times: 240min and 80% passing size finer than 42μm. Also kinetic results and morphology and elemental composition of residue at the most suitable conditions show that, the leaching process is controlled by the diffusion of reagents or products from iron oxide passive layer formed on chalcopyrite surface. Activation energy was determined to be 25kJ/mol.

Direct selective leaching of chalcopyrite concentrate

The ammonium persulphate (APS) leaching of chalcopyrite concentrate in the presence of ammonium carbonate was studied. The effects of ammonium carbonate concentration, APS concentration, leaching time, leaching temperature, solid/liquid ratio and stirring speed were investigated. Optimum leaching conditions were found as follows: APS concentration is 200 g L−1; ammonium carbonate concentration is 200 g L−1; leaching time is 180 min; leaching temperature is 60°C; solid/liquid ratio is 0·04 g mL−1; and stirring speed is 400 rev min−1. Under these conditions, copper extraction yield was obtained at about 72%. Furthermore, iron extraction yield decreased with increasing ammonium carbonate concentration and iron did not pass into solution under this condition. X-ray and SEM analysis also supported these results. It was determined that the copper extraction results were satisfactory by way of all experiments were performed under atmospheric conditions (i.e. low temperature and atmospheric pressure) and achieved selective copper leaching from chalcopyrite concentrate.On a étudié la lixiviation au persulfate d’ammonium (APS) du concentré de chalcopyrite en présence de carbonate d’ammonium. On a examiné l’effet de la concentration du carbonate d’ammonium, de la concentration d’APS, de la durée et de la température de lixiviation, du rapport solide-liquide et de la vitesse d’agitation. Les conditions optimales de lixiviation suivent: concentration d’APS = 200 g L−1; concentration de carbonate d’ammonium = 200 g L−1; durée de lixiviation = 180 min; température de lixiviation = 60°C; rapport solide-liquide = 0·04 g mL−1; et vitesse d’agitation = 400 rpm. Avec ces conditions, le rendement d’extraction du cuivre était d’environ 72%. De plus, le rendement d’extraction du fer diminuait avec l’augmentation de la concentration de carbonate d’ammonium, qui empêchait également le fer de passer en solution. L’analyse aux rayons x et au SEM supportait également ces résultats. Grâce à toutes les expériences effectuées en conditions atmosphériques (c’est-à-dire à basse température et à pression atmosphérique), on a déterminé que les résultats d’extraction du cuivre étaient satisfaisants et qu’on obtenait une lixiviation sélective du cuivre à partir du concentré de chalcopyrite.

Studying on Leaching Low Grade Copper Oxide Ore in the System of NH<sub>4</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O

Leaching test on the Oxidized Copper Ore coming from Dishui, XinJiang Province is studied in the NH4CO3-H2O system；Systematic studies are made to show the effects of various factors on the leaching rate of copper. The optimum conditions for leaching is finally confirmed, namely the grinding size is 85% of -0.074mm, concentration of Ammonium carbonate 2mol/L, temperature 45°C, solid to liquid ratio 3:1, stirring intensity 300r/min and leaching time 1.5h. Ultimately, the leaching rate of Cu could reach more than 87%.

Boric Acid Extraction from Calcined Colemanite with Ammonium Carbonate Solutions

Colemanite, a calcium-borate hydrate, is found in significant amounts in Turkey. Colemanite is used as a raw material in the production of boric acid. In this study, the leaching kinetics of calcined colemanite in ammonium carbonate solutions was investigated in a batch reactor. The effects of calcination temperature, solution concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio, stirring speed, and reaction temperature on the dissolution rate were determined and evaluated. It was found that the dissolution rate of calcined samples was higher than that of the uncalcined sample. It was observed that the leaching rate of calcined colemanite enhanced with increasing calcination temperature up to 450 °C, and did not change above this temperature. Thus, it was found that the applied calcination temperature had a significant effect on the leaching of colemanite. It was determined that the leaching rate raised with an increasing ammonium carbonate concentration, increasing reaction temperature, and decreasing solid/liquid ratio. It was detected that calcium carbonate was not formed on the particle surface. The dissolution kinetics of calcined colemanite was examined using both heterogeneous and homogeneous reaction models, and it was determined that the reaction rate can be described by a first-order pseudohomogeneous reaction model. The activation energy for this process was calculated to be 59.03 kJ/mol.