Ambon Island Research Articles

Morphological Diversity of “Tuni” and “Afo” Cloves, Endemic to the Maluku Islands, Indonesia

“Tuni” and “Afo” cloves are endemic clove varieties from the Maluku islands. Until now, there is still little information on morphological diversity in plant populations and information on the characteristics between the two varieties. The research aims to provide information on the morphological diversity and characteristics of “Tuni” and “Afo” cloves from the Maluku Islands. Morphological characterization of the “Tuni” variety of cloves was carried out at its distribution location on Ambon Island, Maluku Province. In contrast, “Afo” cloves were characterized at their distribution location on Ternate Island, North Maluku Province. The research was carried out in July 2023-May 2024. The used for morphological identification was the modified Tropical Fruit Descriptors. The characterized clove plants consisted of 30 “Tuni” clove plants and 30 “Afo” clove plants, so a total of 60 plants were characterized. The results of the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) based on 54 morphological characters that were carried out showed two groups with a dissimilarity coefficient of 44%. The first group is a group of “Tuni” clove accessions, which are clustered with a similarity of 91%, and the second group is a group of “Afo” clove accessions, which are clustered with a similarity of 90%. The results of Principle Component Analysis (PCA) obtained a total diversity of 75.4%, where the specific characteristics of “Tuni” cloves obtained were stem bark color, crown shape, branching angle, leaf thickness, old leaf color, shoot color, leaf petiole tip color, flower stalk weight, flower length, flower tube diameter. The specific characteristics of “Afo” cloves obtained from PCA are plant height, stem circumference, North-South canopy width, East-West canopy width, leaf length, leaf texture, leaf spiciness, ripe picked flower color, picked ripe flower crown color, ripe fruit color, and color seed.

Effect of Eco-enzyme on Water Quality Parameters in Some Rivers Disembogued at Ambon Bay

Due to the increasing population in Ambon City, the high volume of organic waste in rivers that empties into Ambon Bay can impact the marine ecosystem. On the other hand, processing organic waste in the form of eco-enzymes has been widely applied and has benefits, for instance, as a cleaning liquid. This study aimed to analyze the effect of eco-enzyme concentrations on water quality parameters, such as pH, ammonia, detergent, coliform, nitrate, phosphate, BOD, COD, and DO in several rivers flowing into Ambon Bay. The research was conducted from May to November 2022. Water samples were collected from four rivers that flow into Ambon Bay. Production of ecoenzyme was carried out at the Marine Science Laboratory at Pattimura University for three months. Eco-enzyme derived from banana peels obtained from tourist areas on Ambon Island. The research applied the method of observation and experiment. The data of each parameter obtained from the treatments (sample before and after treatment using 10% and 20% of eco-enzyme) were then compared with Second-Class of River Water Quality Standards. The results showed that eco-enzyme could neutralize the pH value. The DO, ammonia, detergent and coliform concentration decreased after adding 10% and 20% of the eco-enzyme. By contrast, adding eco-enzyme to the river watercan increase the concentration of nitrate, phosphate, BOD, and COD.

PRODUCTIVITY OF PURSE SEINE FISHING TOOLS OPERATING IN THE WATERS OF OUTER AMBON BAY, MALUKU.

The decline in fish populations can negatively impact the livelihoods of fishermen and local food security. Therefore, maintaining the sustainability of fisheries is an urgent necessity. Evaluating the productivity of purse seine catches in the outer waters of Ambon Bay is crucial in this context. This study aims to measure the productivity level of purse seine fishing gear and identify the factors that influence it. The research was conducted from June 2023 to May 2024 in Laha Village, Outer Ambon Bay, Ambon Island. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive method, which aims to describe the productivity of purse seine fishing gear in detail based on data obtained in the form of graphs and tables. Data collection was carried out through field surveys and direct observations during fishing activities. The data analysis results showed that the highest volume and number of trips were in November, with 18 trips and a production volume of 644 kg/trip, while the lowest was in May, with 12 trips and a production volume of 184 kg/trip.

ANALYSIS OF FLAVONOID COMPOUNDS OF GANDARIA FRUIT (Bouea macrophylla GRIFF) AT VARIOUS Elevations IN AMBON ISLAND

Introduction: Gandaria (Bouea macrophylla Griff) is a tropical fruit plant which in the Maluku region is only found in several areas, namely Ambon Island as the largest production center. Gandaria contains secondary metabolites, one of which is flavonoids, which are generally found in various plants and are very potential to be researched and developed by Indonesian researchers because they have many good benefits for living things. Methods: This study used qualitative and quantitative research methods to test the color of the gandaria fruit samples to identify the presence of flavonoid compounds and then to find out how much flavonoids were in the gandaria fruit research samples taken from various altitudes on Ambon island. Results: The results of this study indicate that the Suli area as the area with the lowest altitude where the sample was taken contains the highest levels of flavonoids with an average of 21.498 mgQE/g, then the area of medium altitude where the sample is taken, namely Kusu-kusu has a flavonoid content with an average of 9.692 mgQE/g then in the area with the highest altitude level in sampling, namely Soya with the lowest flavonoid content with an average flavonoid content of 9.084 mgQE/g.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS-JENIS LABA-LABA (Arachnida) DI HUTAN PETUANAN DESA RUMAH TIGA KOTA AMBON DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR MATA KULIAH ZOOLOGI INVERTEBRATA

Background: The diversity of spider species is greatly influenced by the stability of the community of a spider species in a forest ecosystem and the presence of plant vegetation as spider habitat. Forest damage will have an impact on spider diversity which affects the cycle of nutrients and materials in the ecosystem. Biodiversity is a term that includes genes, plant, animal and microorganism species as well as ecosystems and ecological processes Methods: This research is a quantitative descriptive research, namely to calculate the diversity of spider types (Arachnida) in the petuanan forest of Rumah Tiga Village, Ambon Island. Results: There were 6 species of spiders (Arachnida) found in the forests of Taeno, Air Ali and Kranjang hamlets, including P. phalangioides, T. extensa, Araneus diadematus, Menemerus bivittatus, N. pilipes, and C. mildei. Conclusion: The level of diversity (Arachnida) at the research location located in the Taeno hamlet forest is H' 0.68, Air Ali is H' 0.64 and Kranjang is H' 0.60. Judging from the Shannon-Wiener criteria, if the diversity result = <1, diversity is classified as low.

SPATIAL TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN AMBON ISLAND FROM LANDSAT 8 IMAGE DATA USING GEOGLE EARTH ENGINE

This study aims to analyze land surface temperature changes on Ambon Island using Landsat 8 imagery data and Google Earth Engine. The research method involves the use of Ambon Island boundary data from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) as well as Landsat 8 Collection 2 Tier 1 and Real-Time satellite image data that have been calibrated to reflect the reflectance of the Earth's surface to the atmosphere. The analysis steps include temperature conversion from Kelvin to Celsius, land surface temperature classification, and data export to Arc GIS software. The results showed an increase in land surface temperature associated with urban development in Ambon City, highlighting the importance of sustainable urban planning and good resource management to mitigate the negative impacts of land surface temperature increase and support adaptation to climate change. Keywords: Ambon Island, Geogle Earth Engine, Land Surface Temperature

Gambaran Tingkat Stres Akademik pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan STIKES Pasapua Ambon Tahun 2024

Academic stress is a common issue faced by students, particularly those in demanding programs such as nursing. This study aims to describe the level of academic stress among students at STIKES Pasapua Ambon. The researcher employed a descriptive quantitative method. The sample in this study consisted of 76 individuals. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires or surveys online using Google Forms. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis to provide a descriptive overview The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (68.4%), aged 17-19 years (46.1%), living in dormitories (36.1%), and from outside Ambon Island (68.4%), with academic stress levels falling in the moderate category (48.7%). Given the moderate academic stress experienced by many students, it is important to raise awareness about the importance of mental well-being.

Mangrove Diversity as An Indicator of Ecosystem Health on Ambon Island, Indonesia

The research aims to determine the species richness, diversity and distribution of mangrove populations in forest areas, which is one of the parameters of forest health in the Passo Village’s mangrove forest. It was conducted from July to August 2023 on Ambon Island using the Forest Health Monitoring Field Methods Guide. The research covered 2 hectares of mangrove forest with 3 clusters of 12 observation plots. It was found that seven species of mangroves were found in the area, namely Sonneratia alba, Rhizophorastylosa, Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Bruguiera gymnorrhyza and Bruguiera parviflora. Cluster 1 had 260 trees. Cluster 2 had 321 trees, and Cluster 3 had 193 trees. The highest value of mangrove species richness was at the sapling level of 1,003. Meanwhile, the species diversity was classified as low at only 0.701 at the seedling level. The highest density of the Sonneratia alba species was 4,290, the species dominance of the Sonneratia alba was 22,240, and the highest importance index occupied by the Sonneratia alba was 160.95. Considering the low level of mangrove forest biodiversity on Ambon Island, rehabilitation and reforestation efforts are needed to maintain the quality and health of the ecosystem, especially in facing the impact of climate change on small islands.

Identifying the Strata of Sago Stands Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data (Case Study: Ambon Island, Maluku, Indonesia)

Identifying the Strata of Sago Stands Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data (Case Study: Ambon Island, Maluku, Indonesia)

PENDAMPINGAN PETERNAK BABI DALAM PERENCANAAN PENYEDIAAN PAKAN DI DUSUN WAIYARI DESA SULI KECAMATAN SALAHUTU KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

Pig farming is one of the livestock sectors with good roles and prospects to be developed in Indonesia, especially in non-Muslim settlement areas. Suli Village is one of the villages on Ambon Island that can be used for pig farming development, as currently, there are already 1112 pigs being raised. The problem lies in the maintenance system, including the feeding system, which has not been implemented properly. To overcome this, assistance, counselling, and practice in formulating and providing rations for pig farmers are conducted. The method used in this activity is participatory counselling, which involves farmers in decision-making and discussion. In this activity, other feed ingredients that are not commonly used are introduced. The feeding does not consider the needs of the animals because only a 5 kg paint can is provided to the pigs in one block of the pen without considering the quantity and needs of the animals. Therefore, feeding according to qualitative and quantitative needs is introduced. The evaluation results of the activities show that the farmers have sufficiently understood the material conveyed because they have provided feed to the pigs being raised according to the quantity and needs, utilizing more agricultural and food industry waste in animal feed.

Marriage Kinship in the Customary Marriage Institution in Seith Negeri, Ambon Island

<p><em>Traditions in indigenous communities on Ambon Island are found in various aspects of life. Relatively, traditions become rules or guidelines for the community to carry out their life activities in the economic, political, legal, socio-cultural, and other fields. Of course, the ancestors placed this effort to avoid irregular living behavior so that the community would feel peace and comfort. Therefore, the basis laid for generations will become a reference for acting and building a life together, such as marriage kinship in the traditional marriage process in Negeri Seith, Ambon Island. Seith, as a Muslim negeri, provides space for the mechanism of customary practices of its community, especially in the tradition of marriage. Therefore, marriage kinship receives recognition and is integrated into marriage religiously. This reality illustrates that traditional and religious institutions do not compete but together contribute to strengthening society and its people who want to build a new household. This research aims to reveal, discover, and analyze the value and meaning of marriage kinship in the traditional marriage process in Negeri Seith. The research method used is qualitative, using interview and observation data collection techniques. Indeed, this is important to show the objective reality of the community carrying out customary rules regulated by ancestors and the provisions of God Almighty through religious institutions. The marriage kinship is the marriage guardian, and the bride-to-be's father's relatives determine that religious marriage will be carried out if it is by these provisions</em>.</p>

KOMPOSISI HASIL TANGKAPAN GILLNET MILENIUM BERDASARKAN PERBEDAAN KEDALAMAN SETTING DIPERAIRAN PULAU AMBON

The natural dynamics of the distribution of fish resources in marine waters are not uniform. This will have implications for optimizing the utilization of fish resources using various fishing gear in a fishing area. Fishing using millennium gillnets is generally not done by many fishermen on Ambon Island. The research aimed to determine the composition and influence of differences in millennium gillnet depth on catch results. This research method is a fishing experiment using 3 units of 3.5-inch millennium gillnets of uniform size which are set on the bottom of the water at treatment depths, namely 0-20 meters, 21-40 meters and > 40 meters. Simultaneous capture operations in the afternoon for 8 capture attempts. During the research, the catch was 364 fish weighing 209 kg. 6 types of fish were identified, namely Kuwe (Caranx sexfasciatus), yellow-tailed Lalosi (Caesio cunning), sand porter (Naso thynnoides), Samandar (Siganus sp), and grouper (Epinephelus merra), and mackerel (Scomberomorus gullatus). This type of fish is usually found swimming in open water or near the sea surface. The highest number of catches was the Kuwe fish species, 135 fish (37.09%) weighing 56.4 kg (26.99%), the lowest was the Tenggiri fish species (Scomberomorus gullatus), 5 fish (1.37%) weighing 5.1 kg (2, 44%). The highest catch was in the 21-40 m depth range, namely 162 fish and 94.7 kg, followed by more than 41 m, namely 103 fish and 57 kg, and the lowest in the 0-20 m depth range, namely 99 fish and 57.3 kg. The chance of catching fish occurs at all net-setting depths, but the highest chance occurs at 21-40 m. The results of the analysis showed that neither the overall catch nor the dominant fish species showed significant differences based on differences in depth.

Utilization of sago plants (Metroxylon spp.) as a bioindicator of water springs

Abstract. Botanri S, Uluputty MR, Kamsurya M, Kamaruddin, Latuponu H, Habi ML, Djumat JL, Kaliky F. 2024. Utilization of sago plants (Metroxylon spp.) as a bioindicator of water springs. Biodiversitas 25: 1682-1690. Sago plants (Metroxylon spp) in Maluku, Indonesia are often used as an indication of a water spring. If an area grows sago, there is most certainly a spring exists. However, this anecdotal evidence has never been empirically tested. The research aims to investigate the use of sago plants as bioindicators of water springs and to analyze the relationship between water spring discharge and sago plant characteristics and environmental factors. The research was carried out on the island of Ambon, Maluku, for 12 months from January to December 2023. This research used a survey method by conducting a census of all water springs in most areas of Ambon Island. Observations of root characteristics, sago population density, and microclimate were conducted in 3 sample areas using the purposive sampling method. Observation data were analyzed using Principal Component Regression Analysis (PCRA). The research results show that sago plants can be used as bioindicators to indicate the existence of water springs. Spring water discharge was influenced by the characteristics of sago roots, including root diameter, fresh root weight, root water content, and sago population density. Collectively, the influence of root characteristics and sago stand density reached 73.4% (R-square 0.734) with a correlation between the independent variables (X1-X4) and variable Y (spring discharge) R = 0.857. Spring discharge was also influenced by microclimate characteristics, including temperature, air humidity, intensity of solar radiation, and rainfall. The contribution of the influence of microclimate characteristics to spring discharge reached 88.2% (R-square 0.882). The correlation is very strong, with a value of R = 0.939. The findings of our study imply that sago can be used as a water spring conservation plant.

Social Ecological Resilience System of Ambon Island Protected Forest, Maluku Province, Indonesia

Social Ecological Resilience System of Ambon Island Protected Forest, Maluku Province, Indonesia

Analisis Penentuan Pusat Ibu Kota Kabupaten Kepulauan Ambon Sebagai Calon Daerah Otonomi Baru Kecamatan Salahutu

The expansion of Salahutu and Leihitu sub-districts into candidates for the new autonomous region of Ambon Islands Regency has become an interesting issue in recent years in Maluku Province because of various problems that occur such as the difficulty of administrative management such as identity cards, lack of infrastructure and supporting facilities for community activities, control span problems, and various other problems. The feasibility study of Salahutu District to become a new autonomous region has been carried out and in terms of population availability and area has a good level of feasibility. This research is to find out the appropriate location to become the center of the capital of the Ambon Islands Regency based on the availability of regional facilities. The analysis used is the centrality index. This analysis is used by calculating the number of means compared to the population. The results showed that the priority of the central capital of Ambon Islands Regency as a candidate for the new autonomous region of Salahutu District, namely Tulehu Country with a value of 1,168.2 because it has more complete facilities than other villages / countries based on education, health, trade and services, financial institutions and worship. The importance of the results of this research is as a basis if expansion will be carried out and it is necessary to determine the center of the capital, so that the main problems of span of control in Central Maluku can be resolved and provide useful planning for the community

Kajian Kelayakan Kecamatan Salahutu Sebagai Calon Ibu Kota Kabupaten Kepulauan Ambon

The issue of territorial expansion that has been discussed in Maluku is about the division of Leihitu and Salahutu sub-districts into a new regency named Ambon Islands Regency. Problems that occur such as the difficulty of administrative management such as identity cards, the lack of supporting facilities for settlement activities, the distance between the sub-district control and the Regency Capital, and various other problems that occur. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of Salahutu District to become a candidate for the New Autonomous Region of the Ambon Islands Regency as well as a suitable location to become the center of its capital city. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques through direct surveys. The analysis used is human development index analysis, land suitability analysis and population density analysis. The results obtained are the human development index in Salahutu District, which is 61.99, which means that the category is medium / middle to upper. Then for the cultivation area, there are 14,409 ha or 98.94% of the total area of Salahutu District, so there is still plenty of room for construction and development of infrastructure and facilities. For the center of the capital city, the results were obtained that Tulehu State became a priority or the top choice because it had the highest density level of 10.44 people / ha. The importance of the results of this research is as a basis for the expansion of new sub-districts in Central Maluku Regency based on problems that have occurred to create plans that are beneficial to the community

Spatial Distribution of Nutrient in The Waters of Haruku Strait, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province

Strait waters are influenced by tides, water masses and surrounding land. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of nutrients in the waters of the Haruku Strait, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province. The research method used is the survey method by taking water samples. Water samples were taken from 17 observation stations spread across the Haruku Strait at depths of 1 meter, 25 meters and 50 meters using the Niskin Bottle Water Sampler. Nitrate concentration analysis using the OPTIZEN Alfa equipment (Spectrophotometer UV-Vis) and the Brucine Sulfate method (SNI: 06-2480-1991) and phosphate concentration analysis using the Ammonium Molybdate method (APHA 10th ed. 5400-PD, 1998). The time of observation took place on July 23, 2022. The results showed that the average concentration of nitrate at a depth of 1 m was 1.146 ± 0.647 mg/L, a depth of 25 m was 1.148 ± 0.709 mg/L and a depth of 50 m was 1.136 ± 0.701 mg/L while the average concentration of phosphate at a depth of 1m was 0.051 ± 0.028 mg/L, a depth of 25 m was 0.053 ± 0.029 mg/L and at a depth of 50 m was 0.049 ± 0.020 mg/L. The waters of the Banda Sea, the Seram Strait and contributions from the rivers on the coast of Ambon Island play a role in the distribution of nutrients in the waters of the Haruku Strait.

The potential of seagrass ecosystems in Waai and Liang coastal waters on Ambon Island as carbon storage sites

Seagrass ecosystem is one of the coastal ecosystems that can absorb carbon and subsequently store it at a high capacity. This research aimed to study carbon stocks in biomass based on seagrass type and density, differences in carbon stocks between below-ground and above-ground, and the potential for carbon storage of the seagrass ecosystem on the coast of Waai and Liang, Ambon Island. Five seagrass species species were found, including Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, Halodule pinifolia, Thalassia hemprichii and Cymodocea rotundata,. Based on the results, halassia hemprichii was predominant in Liang waters and Halodule pinifolia was predominant in Waai waters. The highest seagrass biomass in both the below ground and above ground was found for Cymodocea rotundata in Waai waters and Thalassia hemprichii in Liang waters. The total carbon stock in Liang waters was 39.75 gC/m2, whereas that in Waai waters was 56.46 gC/m2. The results showed that the total carbon stock below ground was much greater than above ground, suggesting that more carbon is stored below seagrass substrate than above it in both Waai and Liang coastal waters.

Ecological potential of giant clams in Ambon Island waters, Eastern Indonesia

Giant clams are protected marine organisms universally, thus information on giant clams is important for management purposes. This research was conducted in July to August 2021 in Morella and Suli, Ambon Island Maluku Province to get information on ecological potential which consist of species composition, density, occurrence frequency and diversity of giant clams. Sample was collected by using linear quadrat transect line. As many as 25 quadrants (10x10m) were used in both locations. Every individual of giant clams found in the quadrant was identified, photographed and counted. There were three species of giant clams found in Morella namely Tridacna crocea, T. maxima, and T. squamosa while four species were found in Suli i.e. those three species mentions earlier and Hippopus Hippopus. Totally, T. crocea had more individuals followed by T. squamosa and then T. maxima while the lesser belonged to H. Hippopus with one individual. Density of giant clams in Morella (428 ind./ha) was much higher than density of giant clams in Suli (48 ind./ha). Giant clams in Morella can be found in 16 - 19 quadrants of 25 quadrants used while in Suli only found in 1 - 6 quadrants. Ecological indexes for diversity, evenness and dominance showed that giant clams in Morella and Suli had moderate diversity, high evenness and low dominance.

Kajian Kriminologi Terhadap Aksi Pencurian Kendaraan Bermotor Roda Dua

Introduction: The crime of theft of two-wheeled motor vehicles is a crime against property that is not uncommon in developing countries. However, the level of public awareness of the importance of protecting personal property is often ignored, so there are easily many opportunities for criminals to carry out their evil actions.Purposes of the Research: to study and discuss the factors causing the theft of two-wheeled motor vehicles in the jurisdiction of the Ambon Island Police and Lease Islands. As well as to review and discuss the efforts of the Ambon Island Police and Lease Islands in handling the theft of two-wheeled motorized vehicles.Methods of the Research: In this study is empirical juridical. Research location of the Ambon Island Police and Lease Islands. Population is the entire research unit that will be researched and then analyzed, Sample is the set of the population, Respondents are people who will answer questions asked by researchers for research purposes. The data source used is primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques are carried out by interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis techniques are carried out qualitatively.Results of the Research: Shows that the factors causing the theft of two-wheeled motorized vehicles in the jurisdiction of the Ambon Island Police and Lease Islands are: The economic factor is the most influencing factor so that a person can commit a crime. The educational factor, when associated with the background of the crimes committed, is that the average perpetrator has low education. Environmental factors, whether good or bad, a person's behavior is strongly influenced by his social environment. The factor of negligence of users of two-wheeled motorized vehicles, crime of theft often arises due to the negligence of the user himself, for example by forgetting to lift the key, not locking the motor starter and others. -Lease islands namely: Preemptive efforts are the initial efforts made by the police to prevent the occurrence of the crime of theft of two-wheeled motorized vehicles, preventive efforts are carried out to prevent crimes from occurring. Meanwhile, repressive efforts are efforts to take action in the form of arrests for further legal proceedings against perpetrators who commit theft of two-wheeled motorized vehicles.