Alveolar Pyorrhea Research Articles

Military doctor, teacher, researcher (essay on M.S. Schwartz)

The purpose of the study is to provide brief information about the professional career of associate professor Major of the medical service Moisei Solomonovich Schwartz, who made a significant contribution to experimental dentistry and periodontology with his research. Material and methods. The article is prepared on the basis of information provided in the Russian literature on dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, as well as taking into account the memories of dentists who personally knew M.S. Schwartz, namely Colonel of the medical service V.P. Zabelin and associate professor Colonel of the medical service V.V. Fiolkovsky. Results. The paper notes that the major of the medical service, associate professor M.S. Schwartz, conducted a series of studies devoted to the study of the functional properties of the vessels of the jaws, mainly the lower jaw. He was the first in dentistry to apply the Kravkov-Pisemsky technique, which allowed him to study the effect of biogenic amines on the vessels of an isolated jaw. A comparative study using this technique of the vessels of the ear and jaw of the dog allowed to establish the increased sensitivity of the latter to acetylcholine, histamine and adrenaline, and in 1936 he experimentally reproduced periodontal disease (alveolar pyorrhea) with the help of chronic irritation (ligation) of the inferior alveolar nerve in a dog. The participation of M.S. Schwartz in the Soviet-Finnish (winter) War of 1939-1940, as well as the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, was noted. Conclusions. M.S. Schwartz was a great scientist, a good doctor with sound manual skills, including providing surgical assistance to the maxillofacial wounded. He was a thoughtful researcher and a demanding teacher. His contribution to the development of experimental dentistry and periodontology is difficult to overestimate.

Professor N.A. Astakhov and his contribution to the development of dentistry

Currently, students, clinical residents, young dentists, and teachers of dental departments of medical universities in Russia know practically nothing about the professional activities of the Doctor of Medical Sciences and Professor Nikolai Alexandrovich Astakhov.
 N.A. Astakhovs professional activity focused on the treatment of dental caries, periodontal pathology (then, alveolar pyorrhea), relationship of dental pathology with general diseases of the human body, dental prosthetic issues, traumatic occlusion, and orthodontics. He created the first cycles in the country for the improvement of dentists and dentists.
 Professor N.A. Astakhov was a benevolent, selfless, sympathetic, highly erudite specialist, had a well-deserved authority, and enjoyed deep respect among dentists and the medical community of Leningrad and USSR. His name should forever remain in the memory of the general dental community in Russia and countries near and abroad. The scientific heritage of Professor N.A. Astakhov is a valuable contribution to the development of medical science and all sections of dentistry.

Periodontal Abscess and Pyorrhea: Proposal for a Novel Treatment with Ozone Nanobubble Saline Wash

The evolution of the treatment technologies in dentistry is remarkable. However, despite the advancement of science and therapeutic agents, they have not been able to overcome dental caries, periodontal disease [1], nor alveolar pyorrhea [2]. We are attempting to eliminate hundreds of oral bacteria, partly because we are fighting indigenous oral bacteria [3]. Currently, although many patients are trained in proper oral hygiene, including teeth brushing, flossing, and use of mouthwash daily, many still suffer from periodontal diseases, such as gingivitis [1]. Despite training and the abundance of oral healthcare products [4] widely available, including fluorides, chlorhexidine, and triclosan, oral health diseases remain a prominent issue. Beyond periodontal disease and gingival inflammation, extremely problematic conditions [1], such as periodontal abscesses [1] and alveolar pyorrhea [2], are some of the potential problems for patients and dentists. The most problematic condition is alveolar pyorrhea [2], advanced conditions of gingival inflammation [1], with symptoms including painful chewing, swollen or puffy gums, gum bleeding, and pus in the gums. These symptoms gradually appear, and in untreated conditions, lead to tooth loss. The advent and development of antibiotics have greatly impacted the treatment of bacterial infections. However, local bacterial infection lesions in various parts, such as dental fistulae [5], have not yet been overcome. The emergence of resistant strains is also a problem; the peculiarity of the conditions, such as fistula-like sites and infected wounds, is still a major obstacle to bacterial infections. These periodontal and gingival diseases [1] are treated with systemic antibiotics during the acute phase [4], but they are not always completely cured. It should be noted that bacterial infections in the oral cavity remain unresolved issues.

A case of hereditary neutropenia

Hereditary neutropenia is a rare childhood disorder. The characteristic signs of hereditary neutropenia are a tendency to pustular and septic diseases, as well as alveolar pyorrhea.

Clinical studies on diabetes mellitus and diseases of the oral region.

Of the 25,672 patients who visited this clinic between January 1964 and March 1973, 126 were diabetic. These were examined statistically and the following results were obtained. 1. Together with diabetes the following disorders pertaining to the realm of oral surgery were observed: Alveolar pyorrhea (49 cases), infection of oral tissues other than periodontal tissues (24 cases), simple periodontitis (15 cases), tumors (13 cases), dental caries (9 cases), neuralgia (6 cases) and several disorders. 2. Of these 126 cases, 85 needed tooth extraction, which was actually performed in 67 cases with the following results: (a) Of the 67 cases, 13 developed complications such as dry socket, postoperative infection, sequestrum around the extraction socket, etc. This was a significantly higher incidence than in an equal number of controls. (b) In the cases with complications convalescence was prolonged to an average of 54.2 days. (c) In the cases with complications, the preoperative fasting blood sugar level averaged 194.5 mg/dl, which was much higher than in the cases which did not develop complications (average 142.4 mg/dl).

新微小面色彩計による歯周病歯肉色の測定

The colors of gingivae play an important role in the treatment of periodontal diseases in that they furnish valuable guides concerning the diagnosis, observation of curative processes and prognostic judgment. Despite this high importance, however, the gingival colors have been hitherto studied chiefly on a subjective basis.For the purpose of studying the gingival colors with as much objectivity as possible, the author used a microcolorimeter (CM-5A model) in examining comparatively the gingival colors of the patients of periodontal diseases and gingivitis.At the same time, after the measurement of gingival colors of alveolar pyorrhea patients a relationship between the hemoglobin index and that of blood volume was looked into.The following are some of the salient findings obtained:1. With regard to hue measurements, they were in a descending order of inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea, gingivitis and mixed alveolar pyorrhea in the papillar region. In the marginal region, on the other hand, they were in a descending order of inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea, mixed alveolar pyorrhea and gingivitis.2. With regard to value measurements, they were in a descending order of gingivitis, inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea and mixed alveolar pyorrhea in the papillar region. In the marginal region, on the other hand, they were in a descending order of gingivitis, mixed alveolar pyorrhea and inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea.3. With regard to chroma measurements, they were in a descending order of inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea, gingivitis and mixed alveolar pyorrhea it the papillar region.In the marginal region, on the other hand, they were in a descending order of inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea, gingivitis and mixed alveolar pyorrhea.4. From the findings in 1), 2) and 3) above, the papillar gingivae in gingivitis revealed a bright and red-orange with the median “chroma”, inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea a bright yellow-orange with the median “chroma”, while mixed alveolar pyorrhea revealed a dark red with no “chroma”. On the other hand, the marginal and attached gingivae in gingivitis revealed a bright yellow-orange with sufficient “chroma”, inflammatory alveolar pyorrhea a dark red with the median “chroma”, while mixed alveolar pyorrhea revealed a red-orange and its brightness was without the median “chroma”.5. The fluctuations in the hemoglobin index had much bearings on the brightness of gingival colors. The general tendency was that a high hemoglobin index was attended with the low brightness and, inversely, a low hemoglobin index with the high brightness.6. Similarly, the fluctuationsin the blood volume index were found to have much bearings on the hue and value of gingival colors. That is, the blood with large erythrocytes had a dominance of red, while the blood with small erythrocytes had a dominance of yellow. In terms of values, the former was found to he highly colored than the latter when the two were compared.

Clinical use of erythromycin suppository--history and clinical effects of the suppository

Suppositorium, a form of medication, has already been brought into use since old egyptyan andancient chinese era, chiefly for local use. But, practically, it was since 17th century thatsuppositorium became gradually one of usual forms of medication. In Japan, however, it is not so favourable type of drugs, as compared in the countries in Europe or America. But recently, it has become used more widely for systemic purpose to avoid some untoward gastric side effects due to drugs. Thus, I had an oppotunity to administer Erythrosin-suppositorium, newly made and delivered to us, to the patients thought to have bacterial infections. In all, 18 patients were treated as shown in Table 1. They were: 1 c.c.+otitis media, 1 chronic upper respiratory inflamation, 1 pyelitis, 1 bronchopneumonia, 1 alveolar pyorrhea, 4 scarlatina and 9 angina tonsillaris.All were well tolerated and cured except one with chronic upper respiratory inflamation. These results were thought to be same, as compared with hitherto known results of usual perioral Erythrosin tablet. Moreover, this Erythrosin-suppositorium was well tolerated without any gastric disorder in 2 patients in this series, who always complained of some gastric disorders after oral Erythrosin-tablet. There was no side-effect seen in this series. It was noticed that in some younger children, the relation between their normal defecation time and drug-administration time schould be taken in care, because their anal mucosa becomes a little irritated shortly after insertion of suppository. A new method for evaluation of drug with anti-streptococcal activity was described and shown in coloured figures.

A IMMUNOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE HUMAN WHOLE SALIVA

It is already known that in the case of dental caries or periodontal diseases (alveolar pyorrhea, in particular), the two most popular dental diseases, a change is brought about in the environmental factors in the oral cavity, or reversely, in case of a change taking place in the environmental factors in the oral cavity, these diseases are very apt to be contracted.Many studies are now being conducted concerning the acti vity of these diseases. Several methods of testing the activity of dental caries have been devised and they are now being widely employed clinically. However, no similar progress has so far been witnessed in the field of alveolar pyorrhea.Thus, for the purpose of investigating clinically the difference in the immunochemical factors in the whole saliva (hereinafter referred to merely as the saliva), in connection with the above-mentioned dental diseases, the present writer has undertaken an investigative experiment by means of the method of plate agar diffusion.Namely, the supernatants and deposits of the centrifuged salivas from pyorrhea, caries-free (DMF above 5) and normal subjects, respectively, were injected into rabbits as antigen to immunise the animals, and their serum and their reaction to each collected saliva were examined by the method of plate agar diffusion.The conclusions obtained were as follows:1. The serum vaccinated with each supernatant of saliva as antigen collected from subjects reacted against each saliva. The reaction indicated a precipitated zone and was positive. In no case, the supernatant or the deposit alone was seen to be positive.2. The behaviors of the saliva from subjects in case of a positive precipitation and the serum obtained from the deposits as antigen were as shown in the table below.As indicated by the table, the rate of positive precipitation with the saliva of the same kind with the antigen from which the vaccinated serum was obtained was seen to be higher as compared with others. Especially, in the case of alveolar pyorrhea, this feature was strongly indicated.3. In particular, the factors of precipitated reaction of saliva collected from alveolar pyorrhea were sought. As a result, it was found that these factors were in the supernatant of saliva but not in the deposit. Besides, these factors were not dialyzable.4. The precipitated reaction between the condensed synthetic medium, in which the micro-organisms having the gelatin liquefaction ability isolated from the saliva of alveolar pyorrhea were cultured, and each of the serum obtained from the supernatant and deposit of the saliva of alveolar pyorrhea, as antigen, was examined, and, as a result, the following was known:No positive precipitation was indicated with every strain only. However, a slight precipitation was seen to be indicated with the mixed several strains. From the groups of positive precipitation, rodform bacteria of genus pseudomonas and coccus-form bacteria of genus micrococcus were invariably found.In view of the above results achieved, the present writer is strongly confident that the method of plate agar diffusion is highly effective in diagnosing alveolar pyorrhea and also that the saliva may effectively be used for the examination of its prognosis.

SIGNIFICANCE OF TEETH WITH UNDERDEVELOPED HARD TISSUE AMONG STUDENTS IN SCHOOLS FOR THE BLIND IN GIFU PREFECTURE

Significance of changes in the teeth especially Hutchinson and Fournier teeth among student of schools for the blind and deaf was reported from our Department about 10 years ago. In order to assess the recent situation, 124 students were examined in a school for the blind concerning the intraoral state from an odontological point of view.Abnormalities in the development and morphology of the teeth, degree of carious state, pyorrhea, state of the cleaning of the oral cavity, presence of deposition around the teeth, and relationship with diseases of the eye were investigated. No difference was found between students in the school for the blind and other healthy subjects concerning the degree of carious state, alveolar pyorrhea, state of the cleaning of the oral cavity, and deposition around the teeth. In 4 students Hutchinson and Fournier teeth were noted simultaneously, while Hutchinson teeth alone were noted in 1 and Fournier teeth alone were seen in 8. Among those, congenital complete or almost complete blindness was seen in 8 and acquired complete or almost complete blindness was seen in 5, indicating a pronounced decrease as compared with the result of 10 years ago.

A Clinical Approach in Determining the Success of Alveolar Pyorrhea Treatment

A Clinical Approach in Determining the Success of Alveolar Pyorrhea Treatment

The treatment of alveolar pyorrhea in native Chinese medicine.

The treatment of alveolar pyorrhea in native Chinese medicine.

Observations on Alveolar Pyorrhea and its Therapeutics in the Clinical Light

Observations on Alveolar Pyorrhea and its Therapeutics in the Clinical Light

Study on 131I-adsorption at Human Teeth Neck

The order of iodine-131 adsorption at the necks of human teeth is: (alveolar pyorrhea = P3) P3 > P2 > P/sub 1/ > normal At first the iodine disappears very rapidly (1st stage), and then gradually decreases (2nd stage). The disappearance of the 2nd stage is formulated by the expression = Aealpha t alpha is the decay coefficient. The alpha -value of a patient suffering from alveolar pyorrhea complicated with gingivitis and having dental deposits on the teeth is very high, and that of patients having undergone gingivectomy is low and normal.

A Study on Health of People at One, Mikura-Jima of Izu Islands

The author has studied on health including dental diseases of the people in Mikurajima, one of the Izu Islands. This island is much different from the others of Japan on social and economical points of view. It has a physician in a clinic run by health insurance as the only medical institution. Health center services are scarcely given by the com-petent health center located at Miyake-jima, on account of geographical handicap there. Population is 315 and its density is 17.6 persons per 1m2. Population structure rather shows tural type.The results were as follows.1) As regards vital statistics, birth rate was 34.4 per 1000 population (1959) and death rate was 20.1 per 1000 population (the average of those 5 years from 1953). Both of them were much higher than the average of all Japan.2) Concerning physical constitutions of the people, their weights were more than the average of all Japan, and over average in the youth of male and in the age of 30 of female. Also it was showed that the girths of their chests were wider than the average of all Japan in the youth of male and the old age of both of male and female. There was no clear difference of the girths of upper arms between of these people and of all Japan, which was considered as one of nutritive indexes, 3) From nutrition survey, the followings were observed.i) Kinds of taken foods in a year were much influenced by each season especially by its weather.ii) People have taken less total quantities and higher total Calory than the average of all Japan.iii) People had taken more quantities of fat and carbohydorate, less protein especially animal protein, less Ca, more P and less all Vitamins than each. quantities of the average of all Japan.4) Rate of medical consultation was one third of all Japan. The rate was highest in the ages, between from 30 to 39, In May and Novembe, the rates were high. The most rate was by common cold, and the next was digestive organs including dental disease which occupied one-third of this consultation in a year.5) Incidence was rather low.6) As specific diseases of this district, there were many dermatological diseases and a few food poisonings by fishes which had showed intoxicated symptom. Besides, it was guessed that there were Filariasis from Hydrocele patients, and Shichito fever which was considered as one of tsutsugamushi diseases.7) There were many patients of dental caries and it was considered that this fact concerned greatly with many factors including geographical condition, an unbalanced diet by season, too much carbohydorate, taking unbalance of Ca and P, and other food life.8) Incidence of patients of dental caries was 85.1% and it was too high especially in female. Incidence of number of dental caries were 43.2% of total temporary teeth and 20.6% of total permanent teeth. The grades of dental caries were 34.6% of C1, 33.7% of C2, 31.7% of C3 amongtemporary teeth and 30.5% of C1, 33.8% of C2 and 35.7% of C3 among permanent teeth.9) There were comparatively a few patients whose tartars adhered to teeth and smally number of gingivitis and of alveolar pyorrhea.10) There were many egg-round sharped row of teeth in male and female, and its rate was 93.1% of all examinees. Normal occlusion was 68.3% of all of them.11) Mottled teeth, Hutchinson's teeth, dental hereditary, scorbute and other dental specific diseases were not found there.12) In respect of general health examination, it was found that there were comparatively many people who showed symptom of beriberi. The tendencies were not seized through the measurement of blood pressure and urine examinations.13) Concerning classification of death cause, the group of contaminatious diseases had generally decreased recently.

STUDY ON DENTAL HYGIENE SITUATIONS IN INDUSTRY

Branch of dentistry in the field of industrial hygiene, which had been sadly neglected in Japan for a long time, has recently come to be taken up with due attention. Relationship between dentistry and industrial hygiene on the whole may be placed in the following two classes:1) Relationship of two major dental diseases (dental caries and alveolar pyorrhea) among the industrial workers.2) Other dental diseases which are caused by the nature of occupations in which they are engaged, i.e., occupational diseases.Problems under 1) are to be met with in any kind of industry. The susceptibility percentage of dental caries and alveolar pyorrhea among the Japa nese is quite high, running anywhere from 80 to 90%. This high percentage can be regarded as directly reflective of that of the industrial workers. Of 119, 031, 000 medical cases among the industrial workers reported in the year of 1957, 16, 853, 095 have been the dental cases (14.2%). When calculated in terms of money, expenses for the whole medical cases were 407, 694, 444 dollars and 26, 486, 944 dollars out of it were spent on the treatment connected with dental cases. On the supposition that half an hour has been spent on the treatment of one dental case, the total figures will be 40, 399, 796 hours (4, 611 years, 309 days and 20 hours). Therefore, problems of dental hygiene among the industrial workers are such as to be handled with utmost attention from the viewpoint of expenses and time involved. Although the percentages of these dental cases in Asian countries are not so high as that of Japan, there is reported a warning that these figures are on the increase year after year. In view of this fact, it is absolutely necessary that some sound measures should be established to tackle the dental problems at this stage.

Clinico-biochemical Studies on the Relationship Between the Alveolar Pyorrhea and the Disturbances of Hepatic Function

Clinico-biochemical Studies on the Relationship Between the Alveolar Pyorrhea and the Disturbances of Hepatic Function

無カタラーゼ血液症に出現した口腔壊疽についての臨床的研究

About one half of acatalasemia cases showed the specific oral gangrene, and two cases of them had unilateral tonsillar gangrene furthermore. The author conducted clinical observations on this gingival gangrene and tonsillar gangrene, and at the same time made a comparative study of these two types of gangrene histopathologically.As for the peculiarities of the gingival gangrene the following may be pointed out.1. These cases can be divided into three groups by the degree of the progress in symptoms. Namely, the minimal type of an extremely early stage, showing a highly advanced alveolar pyorrhea accompanied by ulcer of the gingiva; the moderately advanced type with the atrophy and sinking of the gingival bone and the spontaneous falling off of teeth due to the still further advanced gangrene; and the severe type presenting a progressive gangrene in the superior maxillary or the inferior maxillary bone, and or in the mucous membrane tissue of tongue base and cheek due to a still more violent advance.2. As for the histopathological characteristics the cell infiltration is slight in despite of the tissue necrosis is vigorous. The boundary of the tissue necrosis is distinct and the infiltration of eosinophilis can be recognized around the boundary line.Next, as for the characteristics of tonsillar gangrene, the following results have been obtained.1. Macroscopically the inflammatory reaction is slight, and ulceration tends to start from the tonsillar lacuna and spread from there, and the area surrounding the lesion is like sawteeth and undermined but not so deep, presenting the shape like a sack.2. Histopathologically lacunar tonsillitis and the necrosis commencing from tonsillar lacuna can be observed. The boundary line of the necrotic region is clear-cut, and the infiltration of eosinophilis can be seen around the necrosis. In addition, marked changes can be recognized in the wall of the blood vessels and muscle surrounding the necrosis.

負担輕減療法の実際に就いて(歯槽膿漏症の研究)

We can summarize on the partial treatment of pyorrhea alveolaris as follows; 1. A flow of pus from the gingiva and alveolus. 2. Formation of the periodontal pocket and its apical Movement} Surgical treatment. 3. Atrophy and disappearance of the alveolus and looseness and movement of teeth} treatment to relieve the overload. We should like to emphasize that the treatment to relieve the overload is one of important branch as partial treatment of pyorrhea alveolaris with the antiphlogistic treatment by our clinical experiment. We have designed a few new splints apparatus for the teeth arrangemennt of looseness and movement due to alveolar pyorrhea in our clinic lately, but it was very satisfactory result. From now on we intend to do with the best of our ability for such a research.

Differential count of leucocytes in the pus of alveolar pyorrhea; the 18th report of histochemical study of peroxidase.

Differential count of leucocytes in the pus of alveolar pyorrhea; the 18th report of histochemical study of peroxidase.

Pathogenesis of alveolar pyorrhea and its vitamin K therapy: Shichiro Goto. The Experimental Therapy (A Japanese Medical Journal) 258: 17, March, 1952

Pathogenesis of alveolar pyorrhea and its vitamin K therapy: Shichiro Goto. The Experimental Therapy (A Japanese Medical Journal) 258: 17, March, 1952