Aluminum Phosphate Gel Research Articles

Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride-Hexafluoropropylene)-Lithium Titanium Aluminum Phosphate-Based Gel Polymer Electrolytes Synthesized by Immersion Precipitation for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) have high safety and excellent electrochemical performance, so applying GPEs in lithium batteries has received much attention. However, their poor lithium ion transfer number, cycling stability, and low room temperature ionic conductivity seriously affect the utilization of gel polymer electrolytes. This paper successfully synthesized flexible poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene)-lithium titanium aluminum phosphate (PVDF-HFP-LATP) gel polymer electrolytes using the immersion precipitation method. The resulting GPE has a porous honeycomb structure, which ensures that the GPE has sufficient space to store the liquid electrolyte. The GPE has a high ionic conductivity of 1.03 ×10-3 S cm-1 at room temperature (25 °C). The GPE was applied to LiFePO4/GPE/Li batteries with good rate performance at room temperature. The discharge specific capacity of 1C was as high as 121.5 mAh/g, and the capacity retention rate was 94.0% after 300 cycles. These results indicate that PVDF-HFP-LATP-based GPEs have the advantage of simplifying the production process and can improve the utility of gel polymer lithium metal batteries.

Aluminum phosphate gel reduces early rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with gastric variceal bleeding treated with histoacryl injection therapy.

Esophageal-gastro varices bleeding (EGVB) is the most widely known cause of mortality in individuals with cirrhosis, with an occurrence rate of 5% to 15%. Among them, gastric varices bleeding (GVB) is less frequent than esophageal varices bleeding (EVB), but the former is a more critical illness and has a higher mortality rate. At present, endoscopic variceal histoacryl injection therapy (EVHT) is safe and effective, and it has been recommended by relevant guidelines as the primary method for the treatment of GVB. However, gastric varices after endoscopic treatment still have a high rate of early rebleeding, which is mainly related to complications of its treatment, such as bleeding from drained ulcers, rebleeding of varices etc. Therefore, preventing early postoperative rebleeding is very important to improve the quality of patient survival and outcomes. To assess the efficacy of aluminium phosphate gel (APG) combined with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in preventing early rebleeding after EVHT in individuals with GVB. Medical history of 196 individuals with GVB was obtained who were diagnosed using endoscopy and treated with EVHT in Shenzhen People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021. Based on the selection criteria, 101 patients were sorted into the PPI alone treatment group, and 95 patients were sorted into the PPI combined with the APG treatment group. The incidences of early rebleeding and corresponding complications within 6 wk after treatment were compared between both groups. Statistical methods were performed by two-sample t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and χ 2 test. No major variations were noted between the individuals of the two groups in terms of age, gender, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, coagulation function, serum albumin, hemoglobin, type of gastric varices, the dose of tissue glue injection and EV that needed to be treated simultaneously. The early rebleeding rate in PPI + APG group was 3.16% (3/95), which was much lower than that in the PPI group (12.87%, 13/101) (P = 0.013). Causes of early rebleeding: the incidence of gastric ulcer bleeding in the PPI + APG group was 2.11% (2/95), which was reduced in comparison to that in the PPI group (11.88%, 12/101) (P = 0.008); the incidence of venous bleeding in PPI + APG group and PPI group was 1. 05% (1/95) and 0.99% (1/101), respectively, and there was no significant difference between them (0.999). The early mortality rate was 0 in both groups within 6 wk after the operation, and the low mortality rate was related to the timely hospitalization and active treatment of all patients with rebleeding. The overall incidence of complications in the PPI + APG group was 12.63% (12/95), which was not significantly different from 13.86% (14/101) in the PPI group (P = 0.800). of abdominal pain in the PPI + APG group was 3.16% (3/95), which was lower than that in the PPI group (11.88%, 12/101) (P = 0.022). However, due to aluminum phosphate gel usage, the incidence of constipation in the PPI + APG group was 9.47% (9/95), which was higher than that in the PPI group (1.98%, 2/101) (P = 0.023), but the health of the patients could be improved by increasing drinking water or oral lactulose. No patients in either group developed spontaneous peritonitis after taking PPI, and none developed hepatic encephalopathy and ectopic embolism within 6 wk of EVHT treatment. PPI combined with APG can significantly reduce the incidence of early rebleeding and postoperative abdominal pain in cirrhotic patients with GVB after taking EVHT.

Comparative evaluation of gold nanoparticles and Alum as immune enhancers against rabies vaccine and related immune reactivity, physiological, and histopathological alterations: in vivo study.

The present study aimed to compare the immune-enhancing potential of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to Alum against rabies vaccine and the related immunological, physiological, and histopathological effects. Alum and AuNPs sole and in combination with rabies vaccine were used at 0.35 mg/mL and 40 nM/mL, respectively. Rats used were categorized into six groups (20/each): control rats, rabies vaccine, aluminum phosphate gel, rabies vaccine adsorbed to Alum, AuNPs, and rabies vaccine adjuvant AuNPs. Liver and kidney functions were in the normal range after AuNPs and Alum adjuvanted vaccine compared to control. Interleukin-6 and interferon-γ levels were significantly increased in groups immunized with Alum and AuNPs adjuvanted vaccine, the peak level was in the case of AuNP adjuvanted vaccine on the 14th day. Ninety days post-vaccination, total immunoglobulin G (IgG) against adjuvanted rabies vaccine showed a significantly elevated anti-rabies IgG with AuNPs and Alum adsorbed vaccine compared with unadjuvanted one. The total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly increased post-adjuvanted AuNPs adjuvanted vaccine vaccination than in Alum adsorbed vaccine, while MDA was significantly decreased. The histopathological examination revealed detectable alterations post-AuNPs and Alum adjuvanted vaccine immunization compared with liver and kidney profiles post-administration of unadjuvanted and non-immunized groups, meanwhile, splenic tissue revealed hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles indicating increased immune reactivity. The AuNPs are promising enhancers of the immune response as Alum, and the undesirable effects of AuNPs could be managed by using suitable sizes, shapes, and concentrations.

EFFECT OF BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN ON THE LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF FLAVONOIDS

Flavonoids, as representatives of the class of aromatic phenols, in the structure of which have several cyclic groups and form chelates with many metal ions. Quercetin, morin and rutin belong to the group of polyphenolic compounds that actively absorb ultraviolet light and have wide absorption bands with high values of molar absorption coefficients. Quercetin and morin in ethanolic solutions show their own intense luminescence. The luminescence intensity (Ilum) of rutin, in the 3-oxy group of which the hydrogen atom is replaced by rhamnose, is of little importance.
 In the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) Ilum sorbates of morin and rutin complexes increase 2-3 times. This work studied the effect of BSA on Ilum sorbates of flavonoid complexes under the conditions of obtaining the optimal analytical signal.
 BSA has a slight intrinsic luminescence due to the presence of the amino acid tryptophan in its molecule. The possibility of intermolecular energy transfer in the BSA-rutin (morin) system is due to the overlap of the BSA luminescence spectra with the rutin and morin absorption bands. The study of the luminescent properties of BSA in the presence of flavonoids of different concentrations upon excitation of one component - serum albumin, showed that in the spectrum of its luminescence appear new, characteristic of flavonoids bands of sensitized luminescence. As the concentration of flavonoids grows, the Ilum of the acceptor increases with a simultaneous decrease in the luminescence of the BSA donor, which indicates the intermolecular transfer of excitation energy from the BSA donor to the flavonoid acceptor.
 The use of sorbents as a solid matrix causes a significant increase in Ilum complexes Y(III) and Sc(III) with flavonoids (up to 100 times). The highest value of Ilum complex Y(III) with quercetin is found on aluminum phosphate and silica gel 100/160, for complexes Y(III) with rutin on dextran-type sorbent Sephadex G-75 and G-150. Similar results were obtained for the Sc(III) complex with morin.
 It was found that in the presence of albumin in the excitation spectrum of the complex Y(III) – rutin hyper and batochromic shift of the band is observed, which indicates the interaction with BSA with the formation of the complex Y(III) – rutin – BSA. The effect of BSA on the Sc(III) complex with morin has a different character, as the interaction takes place at a low pH value, at which the BSA is not negatively charged and a complex compound with Sc(III) is not formed.
 The introduction of BSA into the system Ln(III) – flavonoid leads to an increase in Ilum. of sorbates of complexes due to intermolecular transfer of excitation energy from BSA energy donor to flavonoid acceptor. The linear region of dependence of luminescence intensity sorbates of complexes on the concentration of morin is observed in the range of concentrations (0.005-0.02)·10-3 mol/l, for rutin (0.005-0.01)·10-3mol/l, for quercetin – (0.005- 0.015)·10-3 mol/l. The range of determined concentrations is sufficient to determine the content and amount of flavonoids in vegetable raw materials.
 Keywords: flavonoids; luminescence; yttrium; scandium; quercetin; morin; rutin; albumin.

Effect of aluminum phosphate gel on prevention of early rebleeding after ligation of esophageal variceal hemorrhage.

BACKGROUNDLiver cirrhosis is the main cause of portal hypertension. The leading cause of death in patients with liver cirrhosis is its most common complication, esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB). Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is recommended by many guidelines to treat EVB and prevent rebleeding; however, esophageal ulcers occur after treatment. Delayed healing of ulcers and unhealed ulcers lead to high rebleeding and mortality rates. Thus, the prevention of early postoperative rebleeding is of great significance in improving the quality of life and prognosis of patients.AIMTo evaluate the efficacy of aluminum phosphate gel (APG) plus a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in the prevention of early rebleeding after EVL in patients with EVB.METHODSThe medical records of 792 patients who were diagnosed with EVB and in whom bleeding was successfully stopped by EVL at Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Guangdong Province, China from January 2015 to December 2020 were collected. According to the study inclusion and exclusion criteria, 401 cases were included in a PPI-monotherapy group (PPI group), and 377 cases were included in a PPI and APG combination therapy (PPI + APG) group. We compared the incidence rates of early rebleeding and other complications within 6 wk after treatment between the two groups. The two-sample t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and chi-squared test were adopted for statistical analyses.RESULTSNo significant differences in age, sex, model for end-stage liver disease score, coagulation function, serum albumin level, or hemoglobin level were found between the two groups. The incidence of early rebleeding in the PPI + APG group (9/337; 2.39%) was significantly lower than that in the PPI group (30/401; 7.48%) (P = 0.001). Causes of early rebleeding in the PPI group were esophageal ulcer (3.99%, 16/401) and esophageal varices (3.49%, 14/401), while those in the PPI + APG group were also esophageal ulcers (5/377; 1.33%) and esophageal varices (4/377; 1.06%); such causes were significantly less frequent in the PPI + APG group than in the PPI group (P = 0.022 and 0.024, respectively). The early mortality rate within 6 wk in both groups was 0%, which was correlated with the timely rehospitalization of all patients with rebleeding and the conduct of emergency endoscopic therapy. The incidence of adverse events other than early bleeding in the PPI + APG group (28/377; 7.43%) was significantly lower than that in the PPI group (63/401; 15.71%) (P < 0.001). The incidence of chest pain in the PPI + APG group (9/377; 2.39%) was significantly lower than that in the PPI group (56/401; 13.97%) (P < 0.001). The incidence of constipation in the PPI + APG group (16/377; 4.24%) was significantly higher than that in the PPI group (3/401; 0.75%) (P = 0.002) but constipation was relieved after patients drank more water or took lactulose. In the PPI and PPI + APG groups, the incidence rates of spontaneous peritonitis within 6 wk after discharge were 0.50% (2/401) and 0.53% (2/377), respectively, and those of hepatic encephalopathy were 0.50% (2/401) and 0.27% (1/377), respectively, presenting no significant difference (P > 0.999).CONCLUSIONPPI + APG combination therapy significantly reduces the incidence of early rebleeding and chest pain in patients with EVB after EVL.

Efficacy of oral steroid gel in preventing esophageal stricture after extensive endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized controlled trial.

Esophageal stricture is a distressing issue for patients with early esophageal cancer following extensive endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and the current steroid-based approaches are unsatisfactory for stricture prophylaxis. We evaluated the efficacy of oral hydrocortisone sodium succinate and aluminum phosphate gel (OHA) for stricture prophylaxis after extensive ESD. Patients undergoing > 3/4 circumferential ESD were randomized to either the endoscopic loco-regional triamcinolone acetonide injection (ETI) plus oral prednisone group or the OHA group. The primary endpoint was incidence of esophageal stricture, and the secondary endpoints included adverse events (AEs) and endoscopic balloon dilations (EBDs). The incidence of esophageal stricture in OHA group (per-protocol analysis, 9.4%, 3/32; intention-to-treat analysis, 12.1%, 4/33) was significantly less than that of control group (per-protocol analysis, 35.5%, 11/31, P = 0.013; intention-to-treat analysis, 39.4%, 13/33, P = 0.011). Two sessions of EBD were necessary to release all strictures in the OHA group, while the similar EBDs (median 2, range 1-4) for 11 of the control. Operation-related AEs included infection (control vs. OHA group = 9.7% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.034), operation-related hypokalemia (19.4% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.278), perforation (3.2% vs. 3.1%), post-ESD hemorrhage (6.5% vs. 0%), and cardiac arrhythmia (0% vs. 6.3%). Steroid-related AEs included steroid-related hypokalemia (16.1% vs. 25%) and bone fracture (3.2% vs. 0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that OHA was an independent protective factor for stricture (OR 0.079; 95%CI 0.011, 0.544; P = 0.01) and mucosal defect > 11/12 circumference was an independent risk factor (OR 49.91; 95%CI 6.7, 371.83; P < 0.001). OHA showed significantly better efficacy in preventing esophageal stricture after > 3/4 circumferential ESD compared to ETI plus oral prednisone.

Morphology and protein adsorption of aluminum phosphate and aluminum hydroxide and their potential catalytic function in the synthesis of polymeric emulsifiers

Aluminum-containing salts are commonly used as antacids and vaccine adjuvants; however, key features of functional activities remain unclear. Here, we characterized vaccine formulations based on aluminum phosphate and aluminum hydroxide and investigated the respective modes of action linking physicochemical properties and catalytic ability. TEM microscopy indicated that aluminum phosphate gel solutions are amorphous, whereas aluminum hydroxide gel solutions have a crystalline structure consistent with boehmite. At very low BSA concentrations, 100 % adsorption of the protein on aluminum hydroxide could be achieved. As the protein concentration increased, the amount of adsorbed BSA decreased as fewer vacant sites were available on the surface of the adjuvants. Notably, less than 20 % adsorption was observed in aluminum phosphate. The protein adsorption profiles should confront the requirements for vaccine immunoavailability. In terms of catalytic ability, the prepared aluminum salts were tested for their ability to drive the amphiphilic engineering of oligo(lactic acid) (OLA) onto methoxy poly(ethylene glycol). It was concluded that aluminum hydroxide, rather than aluminum phosphate, is suitable to be a vaccine adjuvant according to the morphology and antigen adsorption efficiency results; on the other hand, aluminum phosphate may be a more efficient catalyst for the synthesis of polymeric emulsifiers than aluminum hydroxide. The results provide critical mechanistic insight into aluminum-containing salts in vaccine formulations.

Tumor cell membrane enveloped aluminum phosphate nanoparticles for enhanced cancer vaccination

An ideal cancer vaccine should contain both strongly immunogenic cancer-specific antigen and potent adjuvant for stimulating robust cellular immunity which are pivotal for clearance of cancer cells. However, most of commercially available adjuvants such as aluminum phosphate gel cannot stimulate robust cellular immune response. In the current study, we reformed microscale aluminum phosphate gel adjuvant into nanoscale and fabricated CpG loaded and B16F10 tumor cell membrane coated aluminum phosphate nanoparticles (APMC). The resultant nano-vaccines showed a size of around 60 nm and a negative surface charge of −40 mV. Tumor cell membrane not only served as tumor antigens but also effectively improved the colloidal dispersion of aluminum phosphate nanoparticles. Subcutaneously injected APMC were efficiently drained to mouse lymph nodes, significantly increased co-uptake of tumor antigen and CpG by lymph node resident antigen presenting cells, promoted maturation of these cells and enhanced lysosomal antigen escape. After immunizing mice, they triggered robust cellular immunity, including potent IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells, IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and cytokine excretion in spleen and lymph node cells. The elicited responses significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival of mice in both prophylactic and therapeutic melanoma models. This promising vaccine delivery system shows great potential to clinical transformation and can be further developed for personalized cancer vaccines.

The Influence and Action Mechanization of Mineral Mixed Material on High Fluidity Potassium Magnesium Phosphate Cement (MKPC)

Potassium magnesium phosphate cement (MKPC) is a type of chemically bonded ceramic material that has higher performance compared to traditional Portland cement. To develop the spraying and crack pouring process of MKPC, the mechanical properties, volume deformation, hydration temperature, and water stability of the high-fluidity MKPC with different mineral mixed materials and their influence laws were studied. The effects of phase composition and micromorphology of hydration products on the properties of MKPC and its mechanism were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that fly ash and metakaolin will not reduce the fluidity of MKPC paste because of their material properties, and silica fume will reduce the fluidity of MKPC paste because of its large specific surface area and high water absorption. Metakaolin can react with phosphate to form aluminum phosphate gel and fill the pores between the crystals because it has a higher activity, which can significantly improve its compressive strength. However, during the later stage of hydration, there will be slight expansion, which would reduce its bonding flexural strength. The MKPC-hardened paste mixed with silicon ash has optimal stability: therefore, it has the highest bonding flexural strength. Microcosmic analysis shows that mineral mixed material plays a physical filling role and participates in the hydration reaction as an active ingredient to improve the early hydration degree, which can change the crystal size and micromorphology of MKPC-hardened paste and make the structure more compact.

Efficacy of hydrocortisone sodium succinate and aluminum phosphate gel for stricture prevention after ≥3/4 circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection.

ObjectiveEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used in early-stage esophageal cancer, but the quality of life of patients with postoperative stricture is markedly reduced, requiring long-term repeat, periodic endoscopic balloon dilatation. We evaluated the combination of hydrocortisone sodium succinate and aluminum phosphate gel administered orally for stricture prevention.MethodsWe retrospectively assigned 27 patients who underwent ≥3/4 circular ESD for esophageal superficial squamous cell cancer to one of two groups according to the preventative strategy: endoscopic intralesional steroid injection and systemic steroid (IT+ST group) and oral combination of hydrocortisone sodium succinate and aluminum phosphate gel (OHA group). Stricture rate was compared between the two groups.ResultsThere were six and seven complete and ≥3/4 circular ESD cases, respectively, in the IT+ST group and four and ten cases in the OHA group. Stricture rates in the IT+ST and OHA groups were 53.8% and 7.1%, respectively. Nine patients in each group developed hypokalemia after glucocorticoid administration.ConclusionsOHA is a promising treatment strategy for stricture prevention following large-circumference ESD in patients with early stage esophageal carcinoma.

Clinical significance of aluminum phosphate gel in the prevention of gastrointestinal reactions caused by erythromycin in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumonia

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of aluminum phosphate gel in the early prevention of gastrointestinal reactions caused by erythromycin, in order to obtain better clinical treatment for children. Methods The clinical data of 110 children with Mycoplasma pneumonia from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016 in the pediatric ward of Anhui Provincial Hospital were collected.According to the treatment methods, the patients were divided into the observation group(60 cases) and the control group(50 cases). The observation group was mainly treated with erythromycin combined with aluminum phosphate gel, some of which were given cephalosporin anti-infection, montelustra sodium to reduce airway hyperreaction, hormone antiasthmatic, atomization inhalation and other supportive symptomatic treatment.The control group was mainly treated with erythromycin, some of which were given cephalosporin anti-infection, montelustra sodium to reduce airway hyperreaction, hormone antiasthmatic, atomization inhalation and other supportive symptomatic treatment.The age, body weight, pre-hospital course, white blood cell count(WBC), CRP, alanine aminotransferase(ALT), creatinine(Cr), urea nitrogen(BUN), length of stay, sex, montruster sodium granules, atomization, antibiotics, hormone use and gastrointestinal adverse reactions(abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, inappetence) were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 110 children were selected, 60 cases in the treatment groups, including 38 males and 22 females, and the average age of children was (6.21 ± 2.26)years old.In the control group, there were 50 cases, including 23 males and 27 females, with an average age of (6.07 ± 2.61)years.The age, weight, pre-hospital course, WBC, CRP, ALT, Cr, BUN, days of hospitalization, etc.between the two groups had no statistically significant differences (all P>0.05). There were no statistically signifiant differences between the two groups in terms of sex, montruster sodium particles, atomization, antibiotics, hormone use, etc.(all P>0.05). The differences of abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea and diarrhea between the two groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). However, the difference of inappetence between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence rate of gastrointestinal side effects(abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, inappetence) of the observation group was 18.3 %(11/60), which of the control group was 48.0%(24/50), the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2=11.064, P<0.05). Conclusion Aluminum phosphate gel can prevent gastrointestinal reactions induced by erythromycin in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumonia, so that children get better treatment. Key words: Pneumonia; Mycoplasma; Universal precautions; Gastrointestinal tract; Aluminum phosphate gel; Erythromycin

Double pylorus

A 56-year-old male presented with progressive upper abdominal pain for 5 days at our department. He had neither undergone endoscopy nor recently used non-sterodial anti-inflammatory drugs. He underwent his first upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, showing two openings, which were separated by a bridge, between gastric antrum and duodenal bulb (Fig. 1A, upper panel). A closer endoscopic observation also demonstrated an ulcer in one of the two openings (Fig. 1A, lower panel). Thus, a diagnosis of double pylorus with an ulcer in the gastroduodenal fistula was diagnosed. Oral pantoprazole and aluminium phosphate gel were prescribed. Since then, his abdominal symptoms gradually disappeared. Fifteen days later, he underwent a second upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, confirming the diagnosis of double pylorus (Fig. 1B upper panel) and showing that the ulcer in the gastroduodenal fistula was healed (Fig. 1B, lower panel). At that time he was in a stable condition without any other complaints.

Mo1085 EFFICACY OF ORAL MIXTURE OF HYDROCORTISONE SODIUM SUCCINATE AND ALUMINUM PHOSPHATE GEL FOR THE PREVENTION OF ESOPHAGEAL STRICTURE AFTER ≥ 3/4 CIRCUMFERENTIAL ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION (ESD) — RCT STUDY FROM SINGLE CENTER OF CHINA

ESD has become the mainstream method for superficial esophageal cancer, but consequent stricture of esophagus after over 3/4 circumferential mucosal defect also leads to lower quality of life and more medical expenses for many patients. Many methods occurred for preventing esophagus stricture, and the use of steroid showed a better effect, based on which we explore an innovative strategy with oral mixture of hydrocortisone sodium succinate and aluminum phosphate gel (OHA) for the prevention of esophageal stricture.

The rational choice of drugs for the dyspepsia treatment in an outpatient clinic

Objective — to conduct a comparative evaluation of the clinical efficacy of pantoprazole, aluminium phosphate gel and drotaverine in the treatment of patients with dyspepsia.Materials and methods. The open comparative study involved 97 patients with dyspepsia, from them 54 women (55.67 %), 43 men (44.33 %). The age of patients ranged from 18 to 32 years (mean 26.8 ± 7.6 years). Patients were randomly divided into three groups; patients of the 1st group (n = 34) took pantoprazole (Zolopent®, Kusum Farm, Ukraine). In the 2nd group (n = 31), oral aluminium phosphate gel was used for treatment, drotaverine in the 3rd group (n = 32), the treatment course lasted 14 days. To assess therapeutic efficacy, a 5-point scale was used; patient satisfaction with therapy was judged on the basis of a 10-point visual analogue scale.Results. The dyspeptic manifestations were eliminated in the best way in the 1st group. In this group, 94.12 % of patients fully completed the treatment, in the 2nd and 3rd groups the portion was 83.87 and 75 %, respectively. The highest values of satisfaction with therapy were demonstrated in the group of pantoprazole, 8.52 ± 1.14 (n = 32); the significant differences were obtained from the ratings of patients in the 2nd and 3rd groups, respectively, 5.71 ± 0.68, p &lt; 0, 05 (n = 26) and 4.33 ± 0.88 p &lt; 0.01 (n = 24).Conclusions. A comparative evaluation of the clinical efficacy of pantoprazole, aluminium phosphate gel and drotaverine in the treatment of patients with dyspepsia over the course of 2 weeks has shown that the best result has been achieved in the majority of patients, administered pantoprazole in a daily dose of 40 mg. Patients of this group had have the highest therapy satisfaction rate.

Desarrollo de materiales cerámicos refractarios de baja densidad a partir de agentes ligantes nanoestructurados y carbón

In this work was studied the development of low density refractory ceramic materials using precursors that produce nanostructured ceramics binders after calcination. Several coal sources were also added as pore forming agent, in order to decrease the final density of the material. As raw material, two Argentine kaolinitic clays, aluminum phosphate gel as binder agent and different coal sources (residual petroleum coal, charcoal and carbon black) were used. Low density ceramic materials were obtained (less than 2g/cm3) with varied values of flexural strength (from 8.02 to 26.87MPa). It was also observed that the properties of the ceramic materials obtained, under the same conditions, vary according to the coal source used.

Tu1246 Efficacy of Oral Mixture of Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate and Aluminum Phosphate Gel for the Prevention of Stricture After ≥2/3 Circumferential Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) for Esophageal Cancer - A Single Center Pilot Study From China

Tu1246 Efficacy of Oral Mixture of Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate and Aluminum Phosphate Gel for the Prevention of Stricture After ≥2/3 Circumferential Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) for Esophageal Cancer - A Single Center Pilot Study From China

Studies on adsorption of diphtheria toxoid on aluminium phosphate gel

Studies on adsorption of diphtheria toxoid on aluminium phosphate gel

Studies on Adsorption of Diphtheria Toxoid on Aluminium Phosphate Gel

Aluminium compounds are widely used as an adjuvant in Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DPT) group of vaccines. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids are adsorbed on aluminium phosphate gel and used in the immunization. Generally a plain vaccine is less immunogenic. After adsorption it will have a repositary action. The present study envisages the adsorption rate of diphtheria toxoid on aluminium phosphate gel at different pH (5.0, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 and 7.5). The main conclusion drawn from the experiments is that the low pH favours high adsorption rate.

Safety and immunogenicity of a 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 vaccine when administered alone or simultaneously with the seasonal influenza vaccine for the 2009–10 influenza season: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial

With the ongoing 2009 pandemic of influenza A H1N1, development of pandemic influenza vaccines has generated much interest. We investigated the safety and immunogenicity of a whole-virion, inactivated, adjuvanted pandemic H1N1 vaccine in adult and elderly volunteers, given without or simultaneously with the 2009-10 seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine. This prospective, randomised study was undertaken in two centres in Hungary. 355 participants, including 203 adults (18-60 years) and 152 elderly people (>60 years), were assigned by stratified randomisation to either 0.5 mL of the pandemic vaccine (Fluval P, a monovalent vaccine with 6 microg haemagglutinin per 0.5 mL content and aluminium phosphate gel adjuvant; n=178) or 0.5 mL of the pandemic vaccine and 0.5 mL of the seasonal trivalent vaccine (Fluval AB, a trivalent inactivated whole-virion influenza vaccine; n=177). All vaccinations were done by specific study personnel, who did not take part in the assessment of safety or immunogenicity. Co-primary objectives were safety and immunogenicity by haemagglutinin inhibition testing. All analyses were done according to a pre-established analysis plan. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01010893. Two participants receiving the pandemic vaccine only (group 1) and one receiving pandemic and seasonal vaccines (group 2) were lost to follow-up. Participants in both groups developed antibody responses against the pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus (group 1: seroconversion for adults 74.3%, 95% CI 64-6-82.4 and for elderly people 61.3%, 49.1-72.4; group 2: 76.8%, 67.2-84.7 and 81.8%, 71.4-89.7, respectively). Single doses of 6 microg fulfilled European Union and US licensing criteria for interpandemic and pandemic influenza vaccines. Simultaneously, participants in group 2 developed the immune responses needed for licensing for all three seasonal strains in the seasonal vaccine for the 2009-10 season. All adverse events were rare, mild, and transient; the most frequent were pain at injection site (eight cases in group 1 vs 18 in group 2) and fatigue for 1-2 days after vaccination (three vs five cases). The present pandemic vaccine is safe and immunogenic in healthy adult and elderly patients, and needs low doses and only one injection to trigger immune responses to comply with licensing criteria. It can be safely co-administered with the 2009-10 seasonal influenza vaccine. Omninvest, Hungary.

Preparation and use of autogenous vaccine from Avibacterium paragallinarum (strain Tan 1-05) in layer chickens

The study was conducted to prepare and evaluate the use of autogenous vaccine from Avibacterium paragallinarum (strain Tan 1-05) in layer chickens. The results showed that all chickens vaccinated with autogenous vaccine with 10(8)CFU/mL in aluminum phosphate gel developed MAT antibodies (GMT of 2.8 log2 to 5.3 log2) against A. paragallinarum infection. Moreover, the results indicated that all chickens (n=6) selected from vaccinated chickens were protected against A. paragallinarum infection after challenge. No A. paragallinarum was isolated from these chickens. Nevertheless, all unvaccinated chickens did not develop antibodies, and all selected unvaccinated chickens (n=6) showed clinical signs consistent with infectious coryza (IC) where two of them died from the disease after challenge. The findings from the present and previous studies showed that the development of an inactivated IC vaccine from local strains if optimized and adopted may be the best possible way of controlling this economically important poultry disease.