Alternative Destinations Research Articles

Sunsets, seafood and sea gypsies: A qualitative content analysis on the alternative destination image of Malaysian Borneo among Chinese outbound tourists

Sunsets, seafood and sea gypsies: A qualitative content analysis on the alternative destination image of Malaysian Borneo among Chinese outbound tourists

ANALYSIS OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING CHOICE OF INFORMAL FISH TRADE ROUTE AND DESTINATION BY FISH TRADERS BETWEEN MALAWI AND NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES

Choice of trade route and destination by cross border traders is an important decision in today’s increasingly cross border trade of products including fish. The current study examined the geographical factors influencing choice of informal trade route and destination by fish traders. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were adopted for the study. These included semi-structured questionnaires through personal interviews and key informant interviews with fish border inspectors. Data was analyzed through various techniques for trader’s choice and destination. Specifically, principal component analysis and spearman correlation, and Huff’s gravity model were used to identify significant factors influencing choice of trade route and destination, and market attractiveness, respectively. Fish traders bypass official border posts using informal routes connecting the main route before and after the border post. Despite attempts and awareness about formal trade, stringent regulations forced fish traders to use informal trade routes. However, investigations into choice of trade routes and destination found that route distance, presence of alternative destination, mode of transport, demand of the fish product, and personal safety and risks were the factors influencing choice of both trade route and destination by informal fish traders. This geographic analysis provides a basis for addressing challenges in informal cross border trade in Malawi. It is recommended that strategic efforts and investments should be made in the development of transportation infrastructure, such as roads and railways to improve connectivity between secondary routes and one stop border post. The government should also intensify awareness initiatives on COMESA simplified trade regime (STR) to encourage informal traders to transition to the formal sector through use of formal routes.

A frequent mistake in aggregate tourism demand modeling: The use of a composite price index of competing destinations

Price is a cornerstone of aggregate tourism modelling, and yet its measurement poses considerable challenges. In this study, we propose a theoretical framework for accurately assessing destination and substitute destination prices, comparing it with empirical methodologies and examining their impact on elasticity estimations. Our findings show that while destination price can be gauged by comparing the consumer price indices of the destination and origin adjusted by the nominal exchange rate, using a weighted measure of substitute prices across various destinations can bias the elasticity estimations of the remaining variables. We advocate separate assessments of the prices of alternative destinations, as opposed to an aggregate one.

"You might be nice, but where you take me, they're not gonna be": Preferences for field-based post-overdose interventions.

Emergency medical services (EMS) systems are piloting interventions to respond to overdoses with additional services such as leave-behind naloxone and medication for opioid use disorder, but little is known about the perspectives of people who use drugs (PWUD) on these interventions being delivered by EMS during an overdose response. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research guided the development of data collection tools, the analytic strategy and the organisation of results. A community engaged method was used which included both academically trained researchers and community trained researchers who are also PWUD. This study used semi-structured interviews to gather data from 13 PWUD in King County, Washington in June 2022. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The people interviewed for this study viewed EMS distribution of leave-behind naloxone and field-based buprenorphine favourably. They viewed EMS facilitation of hepatitis C virus and HIV testing in the field less favourably and were concerned about stigmas associated with those results. Additional themes emerged regarding: the need for different approaches to post-overdose care; the need for new services, including post-overdose trauma counselling and an alternative destination to the emergency department; and the harms of law enforcement presence at overdose responses. This study found strong support for leave-behind naloxone and field-initiated buprenorphine. Further training for EMS should include trauma-informed care and strategies to address burnout and increase compassion. Alternatives to the emergency department as a post-overdose destination are needed. These strategies should be considered by jurisdictions revising overdose response protocols.

The governance factor: Mitigating carbon emissions through FDI and financial development in emerging Asian economies

This study investigates the influence of foreign direct investment (FDI), financial development (FD), and governance on carbon emissions in 15 emerging Asian economies (EAEs) from 2000 to 2021. It aims to assess how successful these nations have been in upholding ecological sustainability while promoting themselves as alternative manufacturing destinations to China and fostering domestic manufacturing through significant financial development. It creates a composite governance quality (GQ) measure and three subdimensions—EcoGov, InstGov, and PolGov—to assess its precise role in influencing the FDI–carbon dioxide (CO2) and FD–CO2 nexuses. Using fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) panel cointegration techniques, this study yielded findings revealing that FDI and FD significantly enhance carbon emissions. The overall GQ significantly moderates the FD–CO2 nexus but fails to moderate FDI's detrimental environmental influence. More specifically, EcoGov significantly moderates FDI's and FD's influence on carbon emissions, whereas InstGov significantly enhances their influence on emissions. In contrast, PolGov is only found to moderate FD's impact on environmental quality since the Government frequently endorses liberal environmental regulations to facilitate FDI-led growth. The findings from this study are robust and carry distinct policy ramifications.

Identifying overtourism & spill-over tourism using ST-DBSCAN analysis for sustainable management of tourism

ABSTRACT Overtourism has become a major challenge for many popular tourist destinations, leading to environmental, social, and cultural degradation. However, the potential benefits and challenges of spill-over tourism, which refers to the redistribution of tourists to secondary or alternative destinations, are not well understood. This study examines the phenomena of overtourism and spillover impact in the renowned Himalayan Mountain Destinations of Darjeeling and Sikkim in India. The ST-DBSCAN technique is employed to examine a collection of geotagged photo information obtained from Flickr. The objective of this research is to identify the most popular tourist spots in a certain area and analyse the patterns of visitor activity over time. To further investigate the travel pattern of the tourists among the clusters, a Markov Chain Model has been constructed. The findings show that spill-over tourism has the potential to distribute tourism flows more evenly reducing the negative impacts of overtourism. However, challenges such as the risk of environmental degradation in secondary destinations, unequal distribution of benefits, and the potential for creating new overtourism hotspots. This study explores the concept of overtourism and proposes the utilisation of tourism spillover zones as a strategy for sustainable tourist development.

Mobility in a globalised world: How countries regulate mobility with passports and visas

Citizenship has a significant impact on migrants' freedom to travel. While citizens of the Global North can travel without major problems, citizens of the Global South have to queue at consulates to obtain a visa before they can travel. They may have to wait in long queues at the border or at the airport, where they may be subjected to unpleasant interrogations. The aim of this article is to uncover how a passport becomes powerful or weak depending on the country that issues it, and what impact this has on the (geographical and professional) mobility of passport holders. We explore why some countries impose visa restrictions while others allow visa‐free travel. We interviewed 32 people who had travelled on a number of occasions for professional reasons or as tourists. The externalities created by visa regulations may lead to an increase in the number of alternative destinations in lockstep, even if countries' policies remain unchanged. This study has critical policy implications for both source and destination countries.

Alternative discharge destination following lobectomy: Analysis of a national quality improvement database

ObjectiveTo determine factors significantly associated with alternative discharge destination (ADCD) following lobectomy, including the modified 5-item Frailty Index (mFI-5). MethodsPatients in the 2017-2020 NSQIP who underwent elective lobectomy and were admitted from home were included, with ADCD defined as a patient who was discharged to any nonhome location. Four multivariable logistic regression models for ADCD were evaluated for predictive power. Model A was created from backward selection of variables significantly associated with ADCD in bivariate analyses, model B was the mFI-5, model C was mFI-5 and a minimally invasive approach, and model D was mFI-5 and age group. ResultsAmong the 15,868 patients, 687 (4.3%) experienced ADCD. Model A identified older age, hypertension, dyspnea, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and increased length of stay as significantly associated with ADCD. A minimally invasive approach was significantly protective of ADCD. Model A had the best predictive power of the models tested (C-statistic = 0.785). Model B, which assessed mFI-5 alone, had fair predictive power (C-statistic = 0.637). Adding surgical approach (C-statistic = 0.673; model C) or age group (C-statistic = 0.682; model D) as independent variables with mFI-5 improved model fit. ConclusionsPatients who were frail or age >75 years were more likely to have postlobectomy ADCD. Although the variables identified in model A better predict ADCD, consideration of surgical approach or age with mFI-5 can help surgeons anticipate discharge destination following lobectomy.

Is Sub-Saharan Africa ready to serve as an alternative apparel-sourcing destination to Asia for US Fashion companies? A product-level analysis

Is Sub-Saharan Africa ready to serve as an alternative apparel-sourcing destination to Asia for US Fashion companies? A product-level analysis

The spatial development of tourism over eight decades: a Horizon 2050 paper

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show the spatial extent and growth of tourism and its likely patterns as past forces of change are replaced by new pressures to reduce climate change and meet new definitions of success. Design/methodology/approach The approach involves a review of changes that have occurred over the Horizon period with a focus on the spatial spread and development of tourism, using and based on a literature review, past research and personal experience. Likely new developments are identified based on the expected result of influences including climate change mitigation and altered understandings of what is meant by success in tourism. Findings Much of the spatial change in tourism has been evolutionary rather than revolutionary, but in the future, restrictive forces external to tourism may change travel patterns with severe effects on long haul travel and a change in travel mode. Research limitations/implications The research focus needs to produce effective measures of success as understood by all stakeholders in tourist destinations. Alternative destinations will need to replace those long haul destinations no longer available and research needs to refocus on managing rather than solely attracting visitors. Practical implications Long haul destinations will lose market share, destinations will change goals to satisfaction for stakeholders and travel modes will change to lower emission generators. Social implications Destination choice will be reduced, transport modes may be limited and tourism closer to home will become the norm. Originality/value A general overview of this type has not been presented before.

The externalities of immigration policies on migration flows: the case of an asylum policy

Abstract We analyze the externalities arising from a bilateral asylum policy—the list of safe origin countries—relying on a tractable model. Using self-collected monthly data, we estimate that including one origin country on the safe list of a given destination decreases asylum applications from that origin to that destination by 29 per cent. We use a counterfactual policy simulation to quantify the spillover effects occurring across origin and destination countries. Individuals from targeted origin countries move to alternative destinations. Individuals from untargeted origins divert from alternative destinations. The magnitude of the externalities depends on the size of the affected flows.

Does Japanese Manufacturing FDI in ASEAN5 Facilitate Trade?

manufacturing companies, but their expansion slowed in the early 2000s due to the rise of China. However, since the 2010s, amid tensions between Japan and China, as well as between the US and China, the ASEAN region has gained attention as an alternative destination. The paper analyzes the impact of changes in Japanese FDI in the manufacturing sector on trade between Japan and target countries. The analysis focuses on FDI in all 12 sectors of manufacturing in the five major ASEAN countries from 2007 to 2019 and estimates using gravity equations. Given the importance of distance variables in gravity equations, a random effects model is used for estimation. The results indicate that Japanese FDI in the transportation equipment, electronic equipment, and chemical and pharmaceutical industries had a positive correlation with trade with ASEAN5 countries, but no significant results were found in other sectors. Moreover, in transportation equipment and chemical and pharmaceutical industries, the import effect was greater than the export effect. With the Japanese government providing subsidies to manufacturing companies relocating production hubs to ASEAN from 2020 onwards, an increase in trade volume between these countries and Japan is expected in the future.

Why moving there? Spanish SIEs: factors and motivations involved in the choice of the host destination

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the Spanish Self-Initiated Expats’ (SIEs) motivations and factors involved in the choice of the host destination.Design/methodology/approachThrough an exploratory and qualitative study, drawing upon SIE literature on motivations and careers, 22 Spanish SIEs were interviewed in a semi-structured way.FindingsMost SIEs clearly detailed the line of reasoning behind the host destination choice (specific destination); a second group considered a limited number of potential countries to relocate to (alternative destinations), and the smallest one did not choose a specific location. Career motivations were the most mentioned ones and different degrees of career planning were found: those with a very defined career planning process relied upon one potential destination, while those with a less defined one considered several alternative host destinations. The European Region Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students experience was one of the most mentioned factors influencing the choice of the host destination, which may be common to other European Union (EU) nationals. As to the limiting ones, the visa requirements outside the EU were identified. Other factors were particular to Spain, such as the perceived need for English proficiency for a successful global career and the degrees of career planning.Practical implicationsThese findings may assist Talent Management Managers to align organizational strategies with SIEs motivations. They may also help future Spanish and European SIEs in their individual career management process.Originality/valueThis study contributes to a better understanding of the expatriation motivations and factors influencing the destination location of Spanish SIEs, adding to the SIE and global career literature.

Optimalisasi Penataan Lumbung Mataraman dalam Mendukung Kawasan Wisata Edukasi Terpadu Padukuhan Ngalian, Desa Widodomartani

Lumbung Mataraman is a program initiated by the Provincial Government of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta to fulfill the community's food needs through home gardens. This program is also directed to become an alternative tourist destination with local potential. Lumbung Mataraman is managed by Women Farmers Group (Kelompok Wanita Tani or KWT) Mekar and as part of Empon-empon Village. Location of the activities takes place in Ngalian, Widodomartani Village, D.I. Yogyakarta. The arrangement of Lumbung Mataram aims to arrange the layout of the land according to its function and enhance its appearance. The output is Lumbung Mataram KWT Mekar site plan. The site plan creation process follows landscape design procedures involving site inventory or collecting existing data; analysis of site potential and problems; synthesis or problem-solving; and the development of design concepts and design. The rearrangement of Lumbung Mataraman remains the same as its existing function but focuses on maximizing the utilization of existing potential and adding aesthetic value. The results of this activity are to optimize the function of Lumbung Mataram as a provider of food needs and to support the integrated educational tourism area.

COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN ENHANCHING SURABAYA'S TOURISM THROUGH SISTER CITY COOPERATION

This research was written to analyze the collaboration of actors involved in sister city cooperation between Surabaya City and Kitakyushu City in developing Ecotourism Mangrove Wonorejo to become one of the tourist destinations that can contribute to improving Surabaya's tourism sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. As previously known, since the COVID-19 pandemic there have been many sectors affected and caused losses, one of which is the tourism sector. Surabaya city is one of the cities whose tourism sector development is also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, this is evidenced by the many tourism destinations of Surabaya city that were closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, one of which is Ecotourism Mangrove Wonorejo. Although closed, when the easing of PPKM Ecotourism Mangrove Wonorejo is one of the tourist destinations that opened and became an alternative tourist destination during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the study that uses qualitative research methods with the use of the concept of Collaborative Governance and Sister City, the results of this study will explain the collaboration between the Surabaya City Government, Kitakyushu City Government, private parties, the public, and agencies / academics in realizing the improvement of surabaya tourism sector during the COVID-19 pandemic through wonorejo mangrove forest ecotourism. Keywords: Collaborative Governance, Surabaya City, Tourism, Sister City

Pengembangan Pariwisata Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Melalui Gelaran Batu Flora Festival

Local wisdom, encompassing values, traditions, cultural heritage, and traditional skills in agriculture, crafts, or local arts, has become a highly sought-after tourist attraction with economic value. Various cultures and local wisdom in the city of Batu, packaged in festivals, have emerged as an alternative Destination Tourism Area (DTW) in this City of Flowers. Since its inception in 2007, the Batu Flora Festival (BFF) has become a regular annual event as part of the Batu City anniversary celebrations, attracting thousands of visitors. This fact underscores the importance of tourism based on local wisdom through flower and ornamental plant festivals as a viable alternative for tourism development, not only for the local market but also as a significant promotional tool to introduce Batu City internationally. The aim of this research is to provide recommendations for relevant stakeholders by identifying and determining whether the implementation of BFF is an effective strategy in developing and promoting Batu City with its unique local wisdom potential. The research method employed is qualitative analysis through literature review and information gathered from various media related to the Batu Flora Festival. The analysis method used is the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis. A STRUCTURED SWOT analysis is employed to assess the potential and issues in local wisdom-based tourism in Batu City through the Batu Flora Festival, encompassing internal and external potentials and issues.

Alternative Forms of Tourism: A Comparative Study of Website Effectiveness in Promoting UNESCO Global Geoparks and International Dark Sky Parks

In the digital age, effective website promotion plays a pivotal role in attracting visitors to alternative forms of tourism. This study examines the websites of 177 UNESCO Global Geoparks and 190 International Dark Sky Parks, employing specific evaluation criteria essential for enhancing the promotion of alternative tourism forms such as geotourism and astronomical tourism. Our findings reveal that geopark websites adeptly promote geotourism through a diverse array of digital tools, with the potential for minor enhancements. In contrast, the majority of dark sky park websites exhibit limited visibility in the promotion of astronomical tourism. These identified criteria and results serve as crucial benchmarks for optimizing the websites of UNESCO Global Geoparks and International Dark Sky Parks, thus ensuring the comprehensive fulfillment of established promotional standards for alternative tourism destinations.

Travel Industry After COVID-19 and Sanctions

The article analyzes the declining outbound tourism from Russia in 2022 and 2023 and its effects on the states which introduced sanctions. First it reviews the data on the inbound and outbound tourism, then studies the impact of COVID-19 and sanctions on the tourism industry, the consequences of tourism decline on related industries and services including aviation, food, and accommodation. Finally, the article considers alternative destination places for Russian tourists including the expansion of internal tourism and policies favoring it to replace outbound destinations.

Relationship between destination image, accessibility, tourists experience, tourists satisfaction and revisit intention: Structural equation model analysis

The Lon-Malang Beach tourist destination can be an alternative natural tourist destination for local tourists, domestic tourists and even foreign tourists. Various factors encourage tourists' interest in returning to visit the Lon-Malang beach destination because of the availability of various games. The destination image and transportation infrastructure, as well as social factors such as the friendliness of the population, provide a positive experience for tourists. Therefore, this research explores the relationship between destination image, accessibility, and tourist experience on tourists' revisit intentions through tourist satisfaction as a mediator. The quantitative method used in this research is the SmartPLS 4.0 application. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire from 190 visitors to the Lon-Malang tourist destination who participated in this research. The research results show that destination image has a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention. This research also found that transportation infrastructure had a positive and significant effect on revisit intention, but did not have a significant effect on visitor satisfaction. Furthermore, tourist experience has a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention. The results of this research will inspire governments, policy makers and tourism management to develop tailored program responses.

Sustainable Mangrove Ecotourism Performance in Aceh Jaya: Potential and Competitiveness Analysis

This study aimed to analyse potential and competitiveness of sustainable mangroves in Aceh Jaya region as an alternative tourism destination. The ecotourism potential was identified from the existing onsite biodiversity, while the competitiveness level was investigated by distributing a questionnaire to 100 visitors asked about their perceptions of attraction, accessibility, ancillary services, amenities and activities regarding the mangrove site. A qualitative descriptive analysis was used to investigate the ecotourism potential and the competitiveness level was evaluated by scoring the competitiveness attributes on a 1- to 4-point scale where 1.00-1.74 (very low); 1.75-2.49 (low); 2.50–3.24 (high); and 3.25-4.00 (very high). The results on the biodiversity assessment showed that there are six species of mangrove vegetations were detected at this site, including Rhizopora mucronata, Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora stylosa, Bruguiera cylindrical, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and Nypah fruticans. In this ecosystem, the existence of crocodiles in captivity and specific aquatic wildlife (i.e., Cerithidea sp.) was also observed. Regarding the competitiveness level, the highest performance score was the mangrove “attraction” (scored 3.29), followed by “amenities” (scored 3.06) and “ancillary services” (scored 2.99), whereas the others were scored with the lowest performance attributes. To increase competitiveness, it is necessary to improve transportation and public facilities at mangrove ecotourism location.