Alpheid Shrimp Genus Salmoneus Holthuis Research Articles

A new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Decapoda: Caridea) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan.

A new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 is described based on two specimens from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Salmoneus aduncus n. sp. is strikingly similar to S. rostratus Barnard, 1962, which is distributed widely in the tropical Indo-West Pacific, but the new species is distinguished from the latter by the proportionally wider telson, the less pronounced longitudinal grooves on the major cheliped palm, and the weaker occlusal teeth on the major cheliped fingers. The living colouration is also different between the two. Phylogenetic analysis using the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene supports the recognition of the new species. Salmoneus is primarily distributed in tropical and subtropical waters, and in temperate waters in East Asia, only S. gracilipes Miya, 1972, has been the sole representative of the genus. The new species is the second to be recorded from the warm temperate areas in East Asia, although its real distribution remains to be clarified.

Three new species of the shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from the Red Sea, with a new record of S. poupini Anker, 2010 (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae).

Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 are described from the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia: S. farasan sp. nov. from the Farasan Islands; S. arabicus sp. nov. from Thuwal and Farasan Banks; and S. kausti sp. nov. from Thuwal. Salmoneus poupini Anker, 2011, previously known from French Polynesia and the Philippines, is reported for the first time from the Red Sea, based on material from Thuwal, Farasan Banks and Farasan Islands. In addition, the previously known distributional range of the closely related S. komaii Anker, 2011 is extended from the Mariana Islands to French Polynesia.

On two species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from Kuwait, one of them new to science (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Caridea).

The alpheid genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 is reported from Kuwait for the first time, with two species. One species, Salmoneus ikaros sp. nov., is described based on a single specimen from Failaka Island, extracted from the burrow of the callianassid ghost-shrimp Balsscallichirus masoomi (Tirmizi, 1970), together with the host. The new species is characterised by its peculiar eyes, which together with other characters separate it from all previously described species of Salmoneus. The second species, Salmoneus gracilipes Miya, 1972, is reported from Kuwait based on three specimens from two different localities and different habitats. Two specimens were found under coral rocks at a depth of about 7 m off Kubbar Island, whereas the third specimen was extracted from the burrow of the echiuran worm, Listriolobus cf. brevirostris Chen Yeh, 1958, at the type locality of S. ikaros sp.nov. at Failaka Island. Material identified as S. gracilipes from across its wide distribution range appears to be morphologically heterogeneous, possibly containing more than one species, and thus will need further studies.

On three symbiotic species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis,1955 from the Indo-West Pacific, including one new to science (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Caridea).

Three species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 associated with burrows of other decapod crustaceans are reported from various Indo-West Pacific localities. Salmoneus venustus sp. nov. is described based on material collected at two distant localities, Nha Trang Bay, southern Vietnam, the type locality of the new species, and the Yiti-Sifah region east of Muscat, northern Oman. Both specimens were collected with the aid of a suction pump applied to burrow entrances or mounds in muddy sand; the holotype was possibly associated with burrows of the callianassid ghost shrimp, Glypturus sp. Salmoneus venustus sp. nov. shares many characteristics with S. latirostris (Coutière, 1897), including the red banding of the pleon, but can be distinguished from S. latirostris and all other species of the genus by a unique combination of morphological characters. The large-sized Salmoneus brucei Komai, 2009 is reported from Sumba, central Indonesia, representing a significant southward extension of the species' previously known distribution range and the first record since its original description. The callianassid ghost shrimp Lepidophthalmus cf. rosae (Nobili, 1904) is recorded as a new host of S. brucei. Finally, Salmoneus colinorum De Grave, 2004, associated with burrows of larger snapping shrimps from the Alpheus malabaricus Fabricius, 1798 species complex, is reported for the first time from Madang, Papua New Guinea, representing an eastward extension of the species' previously known distribution range.

Salmoneus durisi sp. nov., an infaunal alpheid shrimp probably associatedwith callianassid ghost shrimps in the tropical Indo-West Pacific(Malacostraca: Decapoda: Caridea).

A new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, probably an obligate associate of ghost shrimp burrows, is described based on material from Oman (type locality: Darsait near Muscat), Iran and the Philippines. Salmoneus durisi sp. nov. is characterised principally by both chelipeds enlarged, robust, with ventral and dorsal margins of chelae carrying long fine setae, and with minor chela fingers armed with a few large teeth on cutting edges. All specimens of Salmoneus durisi sp. nov. were collected either directly from burrows of larger decapod crustaceans with the aid of a suction pump, or by exposing burrows dug under large subtidal rocks. The Iranian specimen was found together with its presumed host, Neocallichirus calmani (Nobili, 1904). Two additional specimens from Indonesia and the Solomon Islands are tentatively assigned to S. cf. durisi sp. nov., awaiting further studies.

The eastern Pacific species of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, with descriptionof a remarkable new species from Las Perlas Archipelago, Panama (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae).

The present study deals with five species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from the tropical eastern Pacific. One of them is new to science and is described as Salmoneus tiburon sp. nov. The new species is presently known only from the Las Perlas Archipelago in Panama and can be distinguished from all other congeners by the dentition on the cutting edges of the major chela, with some dactylar teeth reminiscent of shark teeth. It is also one of the largest species of the genus, with the carapace length of both type specimens surpassing 8.0 mm. Salmoneus serratidigitus (Coutière, 1897), a species with an ample distribution across the Indo-Pacific, is recorded for the first time from the Pacific coast of Panama and is confirmed from Colombia. Salmoneus malagensis Anker Lazarus, 2015, previously known only from Bahía Málaga in Colombia, is recorded from Panama's Azuero Peninsula. The remaining two species, S. excavatus Anker, 2011 and S. alvarezi Anker Lazarus, 2015, are recorded regionally from Las Perlas Archipelago in Panama and Playa Tarcoles in Costa Rica, both for the first time since their original descriptions. An identification key to the five currently known eastern Pacific species of Salmoneus is provided. However, several immature and/or incomplete specimens herein preliminarily reported as Salmoneus spp., as well photographic records from southern California, USA, indicate the presence of further undescribed species in the eastern Pacific.

A new cave-dwelling species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan.

A new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, S. antricola n. sp., is described and illustrated on the basis of a single ovigerous specimen from an aphotic marine cave at a depth of 12 m, off Ie Island, Okinawa Islands, the Ryukyu Archipelago. It is morphologically similar to five species presently referred to the S. jarli (Holthuis, 1951) species group: S. erasimorum Dworschak, Anker & Abed-Navandi, 2000, S. komaii Anker, 2011, S. paulayi Anker, 2011, S. poupini Anker, 2011, and S. sketi Fransen, 1991. However, the minor cheliped with an elongate carpus being subequal to the chela, the lack of teeth on the cutting edges of the minor cheliped fingers, and the very slender third to fifth pereopods are obvious characters that distinguish S. antricola n. sp. from all of its presumed close relatives. Among the 50 species of Salmoneus, only S. sketi and the present new species are known from marine caves.

Salmoneus yoyo nov. sp., a peculiar new infaunal shrimp from Lombok, Indonesia (Decapoda, Caridea, Alpheidae).

An unusual new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 is described from Sekotong Bay, southwestern Lombok, Indonesia. The holotype and single known specimen of Salmoneus yoyo sp. nov. was collected with a suction pump from a burrow of unknown host, on a seagrass flat partly exposed at low tide. The new species presents three characters on the chelipeds that are unique within Salmoneus: a conspicuous, mesially curved, hook-like process on the distomesial margin of the merus, a row of blunt teeth on the ventromesial margin of the merus, and a series of blunt teeth on the ventromesial margin of the propodus. Salmoneus yoyo sp. nov. also has a characteristic colour pattern consisting of bright red chromatophores occupying most of the carapace surface, except for the frontal and post-frontal areas.

New and additional records of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Decapoda, Caridea, Alpheidae) from Brazil, with a key to the southern Atlantic species

Two species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, are reported from shallow waters of Sao Sebastiao (SP), southeastern Brazil. Salmoneus depressus Anker, 2011 is recorded for the first time in Brazil and the southwestern Atlantic; this species was previously known only from the Caribbean region. Salmoneus ortmanni (Rankin, 1898) is recorded for the first time in southern Brazil (23°S), being previously known in Brazilian waters from a single confirmed record from Atol das Rocas (03°S), with older records referring to Salmoneus carvachoi Anker, 2007. A hitherto unknown morphological variation in S. depressus is discussed and illustrated. Both species are shown in colour to facilitate their identification in the field. A key to the southern Atlantic species of Salmoneus is also provided.

A distinctive new species of the alpheid genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the northwestern Pacific

A new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, S. pinguis sp. nov., is described based on the ho-lotype from Okinawa, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. An additional, much smaller and morphologically slightly differentspecimen from Panglao, Bohol Sea, the Philippines, is tentatively assigned to S. pinguis. sp. nov. The new species is oneof the most unusual members of Salmoneus presenting a combination of several unique characters, including the unusuallystout, plump body; the carapace strongly domed dorsally, with a broadly rounded rostrum, and without orbital teeth; thesecond abdominal pleuron conspicuously enlarged; the fourth pleuron greatly overlapping the fifth pleuron; the antennularand antennal flagella furnished with long setae; and the major cheliped comparatively small, and with the distally blunt, slightly bulbous fingertips.

Two new species of Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 with a deep dorsal depression on the carapace (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae)

Two closely related species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 are described as new, viz. S. excavatus sp. nov. from the tropical eastern Pacific (Panama, Colombia), and S. depressus sp. nov. from the western Atlantic (Panama, Venezuela, Barbados). The two species share the presence of a dent-like, deep, longitudinal depression on the dorsal surface of the carapace, a feature unique within Salmoneus, the Alpheidae, and possibly the infra-order Caridea, as well as several other characters, thus forming a transisthmian sister species pair.

Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the tropical western Pacific

Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 are described from shallow waters of Guam (Mariana Islands), Moorea (Society Islands, French Polynesia), and Panglao (Bohol, the Philippines). The description of Salmoneus paulayi n. sp. is based on three specimens collected on reef flats in the vicinity of Guam’s Apra Harbor, Talofofo, and Mangilao. Salmoneus komaii n. sp. is described on the basis of a single specimen collected at Barracuda Rock, one of Guam’s popular diving sites. Finally, Salmoneus poupini n. sp. is described based on eight type specimens from several sites in the Moorea lagoon and one additional specimen from Panglao. The three new species appear to be closely related to each other, sharing several features on the minor and major chelipeds, the most obvious being the presence of widely spaced teeth on the finger cutting edges of the major chela. In addition, S. paulayi n. sp. is characterised by the presence of rounded, finely striated convexities intercalated between the teeth on the fingers of the major chela; these convexities are present, but much less developed in S. komaii n. sp. and S. poupini n. sp. The closest relative of these three new species appears to be S. sketi Fransen, 1991 from the eastern Atlantic, the only other species of the genus with widely spaced teeth (instead of serrations) on the cutting edges of the major chela.

The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species

The present study examines the diversity of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 in the western Atlantic. Five species are described from the shallow waters of the Caribbean Sea: Salmoneus hispaniolensis sp. nov., from the southern coast of the Dominican Republic; S. camaroncito sp. nov. from Panama and Honduras; S. armatus sp. nov. from Panama; S. degravei sp. nov. from Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and Tobago; and S. wehrtmanni sp. nov. from Panama, Honduras, Mexico (Yucatan) and Tobago. In addition, S. ortmanni (Rankin, 1898) is reported from new localities in Panama and Costa Rica; S. carvachoi Anker, 2007 from Mexico (Yucatan) and the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and Paraíba; S. cavicolus Felder & Manning, 1986 from Turks and Caicos Islands; and S. setosus Manning & Chace, 1990 from Mexico (Yucatan). Most specimens were collected at shallow depths (0.5–2 m), on soft bottoms ranging from mudsilt to coarse sand mixed rubble, under rocks or coral rubble; S. degravei sp. nov. appears to be associated with burrows of the callianassid ghost shrimp, Neocallichirus grandimana (Gibbes, 1850).

New species and records of alpheid shrimps, genera Salmoneus Holthuis and Parabetaeus Coutière, from the tropical western Atlantic (Decapoda, Caridea)

Six species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, including two new species, are reported from the tropical western Atlantic. Salmoneus ortmanni (Rankin, 1898) is reported for the first time from Atol das Rocas, Brazil and Aruba, Netherlands Antilles. Salmoneus carvachoi n. sp. is described on the basis of specimens previously misidentified as S. ortmanni from Guadeloupe, French Antilles, and is also known to occur in Brazil. The main difference between S. carvachoi n. sp. and S. ortmanni is the much more slender dactylus of the third to fifth pereiopods in the first species. The two species also appear to be ecologically separated: S. carvachoi n. sp. prefers silt-mud bottoms of estuaries and mangroves, while S. ortmanni occurs mostly in the rocky-coralline algae intertidal and on seagrass beds with reef patches, under rocks and coral rubble. Salmoneus rocas n. sp. is described on the basis of a single specimen collected at Atol das Rocas; this species belongs to the mostly Indo-Pacific S. serratidigitus (Coutière, 1896) species complex. Salmoneus teres Manning & Chace, 1990 and S. setosus Manning & Chace, 1990 previously known only from the isolated Ascension Island in the central Atlantic, are reported for the first time from the tropical western Atlantic: Guadeloupe and northeastern Brazil, respectively. Finally, Parabetaeus hummelincki (Schmitt, 1936) is recorded for the first time in Brazil.