In this paper, we present employing our own and literature data the results of investigation of the thermal behavior and ion transport properties of vinyl and alkyl imidazolium zwitterions containing an alkane sulfonic acid group and salts on their basis. For comparison, we present the results of investigation the respective vinyl and alkyl imidazolium ILs without these functional groups. The phase behavior of zwitterionic and vinyl imidazolium ionic liquids is studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).