Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment Research Articles

Effects of cavitation jet combined with ultrasound, alkaline hydrogen peroxide and Bacillus subtilis treatment on the properties of dietary fiber

In this study, we compared the effects of three methods on the structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) in okara: cavitation jet plus ultrasonic treatment (UC), cavitation jet plus alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment (HC), and cavitation jet plus fermentation with Bacillus subtilis (FC). Compared to UC-IDF, the two types of co-modified IDF showed significant differences in particle size and specific surface area. Structural analyses showed that HC-IDF had a porous structure and complex morphological structure, with a significant increase in the absorption peak area at around 3420 cm−1 and 1051 cm−1, and a significant decrease in thermal stability and crystallinity. Of the three treatments, HC most effectively enhanced the physicochemical and adsorption properties of IDF, including the emulsion stability (84.49% ± 3.5%), water-holding capacity (16.04 ± 0.05 g/g), glucose absorption capacity (53.17 ± 3.44 g/g), cholesterol absorption capacity (32.87 ± 0.89 mg/g), and nitrite absorption capacity (211.7 ± 0.17 μg/g). These results demonstrate the potential of HC-modified okara IDF as a valuable functional food ingredient. Therefore, the cavitation jet combined with alkaline hydrogen peroxide method has a good potential for application in the study of dietary fiber modification.

Detoxification and enhancement of in vitro rumen digestibility of exhausted olive pomace wastes through alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment

Abstract Background Due to the sharp rise in animal feed costs, funding alternatives to substitute high-cost raw materials used in animal feed is a persistent need. This study investigated the effect of alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment as straightforward non-toxic technology to enhance the in vitro rumen digestibility of exhausted olive pomace (EOP), an abundant agricultural waste, to be suitable as animal feedstock. It examined the efficiency to eliminate the toxic phenolic content and minimize lipid oxidation of EOP. Results The pretreatment was first optimized using a central composite experimental design. Under the optimized conditions (1.6% H2O2, 5% NaOH), the measured phenolic content was 1.51 ± 0.03 mg/100 g dry weight (DW) for treated olive pomace (TOP) versus 4.91 ± 0.06 mg/100 g for the untreated one. The pretreatment showed that approximately 25% of the lignin was removed. Crude proteins, neutral detergent fibers, and acid detergent fibers yields of TOP were, respectively, 3.320 ± 0.05, 75.24 ± 0.23, and 54.05 ± 0.35 g/100 g of DW, significantly more important than those of untreated EOP. The enzymatic hydrolysis with a cellulase-based cocktail (Celluclast15 FPU/gDW), recorded a 48% of reducing sugar yield for TOP against 33% for EOP. When the in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) was assayed, the potential gas production of TOP (41.371 ml/g DM) was significantly higher than EOP (25.771 ml/g DM). The metabolizable energy of TOP (9.28 kcal/kg DM) was higher than that of EOP (7.78 kcal/kg DM). Conclusions The present study revealed that alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) could be an efficient treatment for the detoxification and enhancement of in vitro rumen digestibility of olive pomace. This straightforward approach demonstrated that treated olive pomace waste may be well valorized as suitable animal feedstock. Graphical Abstract

Efficient Production of Succinic Acid from Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysate by Actinobacillus succinogenes GXAS137

Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is an abundant agricultural waste, rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, that could be used as an ideal raw material for succinic acid (SA) production. A two-step chemical pretreatment, involving alkali extraction and alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment, was utilized to treat SCB, followed by multi-enzyme hydrolysis to obtain a reducing sugar hydrolysate mainly composed of glucose and xylose. Optimization of the multi-enzyme hydrolysis of pretreated SCB resulted in a final reducing sugar concentration of 78.34 g/L. In order to enhance the bioconversion of SCB to SA and to reduce the production costs, the initial reducing sugar concentration, nitrogen source, and MgCO3 content were further optimized. The results demonstrated that the inexpensive corn steep liquor powder (CSLP) could be utilized as an alternative nitrogen source to yeast extract for the production of SA; and the optimal concentrations of initial reducing sugar, CSLP, and MgCO3 were 70 g/L, 18 g/L, and 60 g/L, respectively. When fed-batch fermentation was conducted in a 2 L stirred bioreactor, approximately 72.9 g/L of SA was produced, with a yield of 83.2% and a productivity of 1.40 g/L/h. The high SA concentration, yield, and productivity achieved in this study demonstrate the potential of SCB, an agricultural waste, as a viable alternative substrate for Actinobacillus succinogenes GXAS137 to produce SA. This lays a solid foundation for the resource utilization of agricultural waste and cost-effective industrial-scale production of SA in the future.

Reusable cellulose-based biosorbents for efficient iodine adsorption by economic microcrystalline cellulose production from walnut shell

Sustainable management of walnut shell (WS) for the extraction of cellulose and preparation of cellulose-based biosorbents of iodine was carried out as a new approach to simultaneously solve the environmental challenge of agricultural solid waste and iodine-contaminated water. A rapid recyclable nitric acid treatment and NaOH-H2O2 alkaline-peroxide treatment of WS (33 % cellulose) extracted pure microcrystalline (Cac) and impure cellulose (Cal) with a 21.70 % and 47.37 % isolation yield, respectively. The techno-economic assessment of cellulose production showed a net profit of 9.02 $/kg for Cac, whereas it was estimated as negative for Cal. The simultaneous carbonization and magnetization of Cac at 550 °C resulted in an amorphous, magnetic cellulose-derived biochar (MB550Cac) with a BET specific surface area of 12.64 m2/g, decorated with scattered irregular Fe3O4 microparticles. The adsorption capacity of MB550Cac for iodine was 555.63 mg/g, which was lost only 17.45 % after six successful cycles of regeneration. Freundlich isotherm model sufficiently described the reversible iodine adsorption on the heterogenous surface. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model. Further, the adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated spontaneous and favorable adsorption. These findings suggest the valorization of WS to commercially produce cellulose and MB550Cac as a sustainable, efficient biosorbent with a good application prospect in wastewater treatment.

Microwave-Assisted Chemical Purification and Ultrasonication for Extraction of Nano-Fibrillated Cellulose from Potato Peel Waste

Nanofibrillated cellulose was extracted from potato peel waste using a fast and green method with a simple process. To extract cellulose and eliminate non-cellulosic constituents, alkaline and hydrogen peroxide treatments were performed under microwave irradiation. The nanofibrillated cellulose was extracted from purified cellulose via TEMPO oxidation followed by ultrasonication. The TEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA experiments were used to evaluate the structural, crystalline, and thermal properties of cellulose fiber and nanofiber. The chemical and FTIR analysis of bleached fibers indicates that almost all non-cellulosic components of biomass have been eliminated. The diameter of the extracted nanofibers is in the range of 4 to 22 nm. In terms of crystallinity, extracted nanocellulose had 70% crystallinity, compared to 17% for unprocessed lignocellulose fibers, which makes it an excellent choice for use as a reinforcement phase in biobased composites. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that cellulose nanofibers are less thermally stable than potato peel pure cellulose, but it has a higher char content (28%) than pure cellulose (6%), which signifies that the carboxylate functionality acts as a flame retardant. The comparison between cellulose derived from microwave and conventional extraction methods confirmed that their impact on the removal of non-cellulosic materials is nearly identical.

Effects of Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide and Cellulase Modifications on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Forsythia suspensa Dietary Fiber.

Besides active substances, Forsythia suspensa is rich in dietary fiber (DF), but it is often wasted or discarded and not put to good use. In order to improve the function of Forsythia DF, it was modified using alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) and cellulase (EM). Compared to the control DF (ODF), the DF modified using AHP (AHDF) and EM (EMDF) had a looser microstructure, lower crystallinity, and higher oil holding capacity (OHC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The AHP treatment significantly increased the water holding capacity (WHC) and water swelling ability (WSA) of the DF, while the EM treatment achieved just the opposite. Moreover, the functional properties of AHDF and EMDF, including their cholesterol adsorption capacity (CAC), nitrite ion adsorption capacity (NAC), glucose adsorption capacity (GAC), glucose dialysis retardation index (GDRI), α-amylase inhibitory activity, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, were far better than those of ODF. Together, the results revealed that AHP and EM modifications could effectively improve or enhance the physicochemical and functional properties of Forsythia suspensa DF.

Effects of Incorporating Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treated Sugarcane Fibre on The Physical Properties and Glycemic Potency of White Bread.

The consumption of dietary fibres can affect glycemic power and control diabetes. Sugarcane fibre (SCF) is known as insoluble dietary fibre, the properties of which can be affected by physical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments. In this study, alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatments were conducted over time (0.5, 1, 3, and 5 h) at 12.6% (w/v) SCF and the effects on the physicochemical and structural properties of the SCF were evaluated. After making dough and bread with the SCF, with and without AHP treatments, the glycemic responses of the bread samples were evaluated. Shorter durations of AHP treatment (0.5 and 1 h) reduced lignin effectively (37.3 and 40.4%, respectively), whereas AHP treatment at 1 and 3 h duration was more effective in increasing particle sizes (50.9 and 50.1 μm, respectively). The sugar binding capacity, water holding capacity (from 2.98 to 3.86 g water/g SCF), and oil holding capacity (from 2.47 to 3.66 g oil/g SCF) increased in all AHP samples. Results from Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the polymorphism transition of cellulose (cellulose I to cellulose II). The morphology of SCF detected under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated the conversion of the surface to a more porous, rough structure due to the AHP treatment. Adding SCF decreased dough extensibility but increased bread hardness and chewiness. All SCF-incorporated bread samples have reduced glycemic response. Incorporation of 1, 3, and 5 h AHP-treated SCF was effective in reducing the glycemic potency than 0.5 h AHP-treated SCF, but not significantly different from the untreated SCF. Overall, this study aims to valorize biomass as AHP is commonly applied to bagasse to produce value-added chemicals and fuels.

Conversion of corncob residue to sustainable lignin/cellulose film with efficient ultraviolet-blocking property

In the context of using biomass-derived natural polymers in material synthesis, a new UV-shielding film essentially consisted of biodegradable lignocellulosic waste was successfully fabricated. Herein, the hierarchically processed corncob residue (CR) with various lignin content was achieved by alkaline peroxide treatment (0–4 wt%). The lignocellulose films (LFs) containing lignin were easily obtained by the dissolution of cellulose-rich solid residues in ZnCl2/CaCl2 solvent followed by reconstitution with ethanol. The resulting LFs possessed tunable mechanical and UV-shielding properties, depending on the amount of lignin. CR-based film containing 6.5% lignin exhibited the relatively good mechanical property (a tensile strength of 26.9 MPa), high transmittance (66.2% at 550 nm) and haze (70.1%), and effective UV-shielding capacity (83.7% for UVB and 70.0% for UVA). This study provides a novel integrated process for the valorization of CR and a practical route for functional biomaterial production.

Unraveling the Effect of Kraft and Organosolv Processes on the Physicochemical Properties and Thermal Stability of Cellulose and Its Microcrystals Produced from Eucalyptus Globulus

Eucalyptus Globulus (EG) is a virtually untapped forest source that belongs to the hardwood family. The objective of this research is to understand the effect of two different isolation techniques, i.e., kraft and organosolv procedures, followed by either acidified sodium chlorite or alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment on the properties of cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) derived from EG. The MCC samples were successfully prepared from cellulose via acid hydrolysis. A comparative study was carried out on the extracted cellulose fibers and MCC samples through deep characterizations of lignocellulosic content, functional groups, crystallinity, thermal properties, and surface morphology. The detailed analyses exhibited that the prepared MCC samples using various approaches are similar to those of commercial MCC. It is revealed that the organosolv treatment followed by acidic bleaching provides the purest MCC with good thermal features, where the obtained cellulose has a glucose content of more than 97% and a degradation temperature of around 343 °C. The present work provides new insight into the effect of various extraction procedures on EG-MCC; these procedures are expected to be used in different industrial applications such as in biorefinery, dietary food, packaging, films, or reinforcement of polymer matrices.

Effect of alkaline hydrogen peroxide assisted with two modification methods on the physicochemical, structural and functional properties of bagasse insoluble dietary fiber.

Bagasse is one of major by-product of sugar mills, but its utilization is limited by the high concentration of lignin. In this study, the optimal alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment conditions were determined by the response surface optimization method. The results showed that the lignin removal rate was 62.23% and the solid recovery rate was 53.76% when bagasse was prepared under optimal conditions (1.2% H2O2, 0.9% NaOH, and 46°C for 12.3 h), while higher purity of bagasse insoluble dietary fiber (BIDF) was obtained. To further investigate the modification effect, AHP assisted with high-temperature-pressure cooking (A-H) and enzymatic hydrolysis (A-E) were used to modify bagasse, respectively. The results showed that the water holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC), bile salt adsorption capacity (BSAC), and nitrite ion adsorption capacity (NIAC) were significantly improved after A-H treatment. With the A-E treatment, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and BSAC were significantly increased, while WHC, OHC, and glucose adsorption capacity (GAC) were decreased. Especially, the highest WHC, OHC, BSAC and NIAC were gained by A-H treatment compared to the A-E treatment. These changes in the physicochemical and functional properties of bagasse fiber were in agreement with the microscopic surface wrinkles and pore structure, crystallinity and functional groups. In summary, the A-H modification can effectively improve the functional properties of bagasse fiber, which potentially can be applied further in the food industry.

Optimization of Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of Lignin Model Compound at High pH Levels for Producing Aromatic Aldehyde and Acid as Fine Chemicals

Optimization of Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of Lignin Model Compound at High pH Levels for Producing Aromatic Aldehyde and Acid as Fine Chemicals

Valorization of Abundantly Available Ethiopian Teff (Eragrostis Tef) Straw for the Isolation of Cellulose Fibrils by Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment Method

Valorization of Abundantly Available Ethiopian Teff (Eragrostis Tef) Straw for the Isolation of Cellulose Fibrils by Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment Method

Fiber-rich ingredients obtained from agroindustrial residues through combined hydrothermal-chemical processes

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the composition and techno-functional properties of fiber-rich ingredients that were obtained from three agroindustrial residues (oat, soybean, and coffee hulls) through a one-step hydrothermal-chemical combined process. The residues were subjected to an alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment (2%, pH 11.5) combined with a hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave (121 °C/30 min/1.5 atm). Ash, protein, and lipid contents decreased for all residues, and total (up to 86 g/100 g) and insoluble dietary (up to 83 g/100 g) fiber contents increased for all processed residues. All treated samples exhibited an increase in hydration capacity, with values ranging from 5.2 to 6.6 g/g of water absorption capacity and 5.6 to 5.7 g/g of swelling capacity. The one-step process was efficient in improving the nutritional and techno-functional quality of the residues of oat, soybean, and coffee, and it can be considered a promising alternative for future obtaining of new fiber-rich ingredients.

Life Cycle Assessment-Based Comparative Study between High-Yield and "Standard" Bottom-Up Procedures for the Fabrication of Carbon Dots.

Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon-based nanomaterials with remarkable properties that can be produced from a wide variety of synthesis routes. Given that “standard” bottom-up procedures are typically associated with low synthesis yields, different authors have been trying to devise alternative high-yield fabrication strategies. However, there is a doubt if sustainability-wise, the latter should be really preferred to the former. Herein, we employed a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach to compare and understand the environmental impacts of high-yield and “standard” bottom-up strategies, by applying different life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methods. These routes were: (1) production of hydrochar, via the hydrothermal treatment of carbon precursors, and its alkaline peroxide treatment into high-yield CDs; (2) microwave treatment of carbon precursors doped with ethylenediamine; (3) and (6) thermal treatment of carbon precursor and urea; (4) hydrothermal treatment of carbon precursor and urea; (5) microwave treatment of carbon precursor and urea. For this LCA, four LCIA methods were used: ReCiPe, Greenhouse Gas Protocol, AWARE, and USEtox. Results identified CD-5 as the most sustainable synthesis in ReCiPe, Greenhouse Gas Protocol, and USEtox. On the other hand, in AWARE, the most sustainable synthesis was CD-1. It was possible to conclude that, in general, high-yield synthesis (CD-1) was not more sustainable than “standard” bottom-up synthesis, such as CD-5 and CD-6 (also with relatively high-yield). More importantly, high-yield synthesis (CD-1) did not generate much lower environmental impacts than “standard” approaches with low yields, which indicates that higher yields come with relevant environmental costs.

Selection of the Optimal Method for Creating Various Forms of Biocompatible Xenodermal Materials.

The aim of the study was to select the optimal method for creating surgical porcine dermis-based biomaterials and to assess their biological safety.Materials and MethodsTo create xenodermal biomaterials, the native skin of a 4-month-old Landrace pig was used. The porcine dermis was processed with saline (protocol No.1), peroxide-alkaline (protocol No.2), and alkaline (protocol No.3) solutions. The obtained samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and a DAPI fluorescent dye. Quantitative DNA analysis and assessment of cytotoxicity by the LIVE/DEAD assay were also performed. Samples were implanted/injected subcutaneously to 6-month-old male Wistar rats (n=30) weighing 260±20 g and explanted on day 14 of the experiment. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Computer morphometry was performed using GraphPad Prism v. 6.04.ResultsSamples of surgical materials obtained according to the three protocols had different physical characteristics: dermis treated according to protocol No.1 was dense and white in color after processing; samples processed by protocol No.2 were transparent and dense, and samples treated according to protocol No.3 had transparent gel-like structures. Histological analysis has shown oxyphilicity and extracellular matrix structure loss in all samples, and DAPI staining has revealed the destruction of cell nuclei. Nevertheless, DNA amount in the samples processed according to protocol No.1 did not meet the established quality criterion for decellularization (50 ng/mg dry weight). Further cytotoxicity assessment in vitro and in vivo was carried out only for samples fabricated according to protocols No.2 and No.3. According to the LIVE/DEAD analysis, both samples were not cytotoxic. On day 14 after the subcutaneous sample implantation, no signs of suppuration and immune rejection were found in the animals.ConclusionTo obtain surgical materials in the form of bioplastic coatings, it is recommended to use alkaline-peroxide treatment of the dermis, while hydrogel coatings are produced by alkaline hydrolysis.

Structure, physicochemical, and in vitro functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber from bamboo culm: A potential functional ingredient

Bamboo culm contains abundant hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, which was a high-quality insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) raw material. In this paper, the effects of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) and enzymatic hydrolysis on physicochemical and functional of bamboo IDF (named BIDF and OIDF, respectively) were reported. SEM, FT-IR, and XRD analysis suggested that both BIDF and OIDF had the functional groups of insoluble cellulose and crystal structure of cellulose. AHP treatment effectively improved the water-holding capacity (WHC), water swelling capacity (SC), and glucose absorption capacity (GAC). Enzymatic hydrolysis effectively improved the glucose dialysis retardation index (GDRI), bile acid salt absorption capacity (BAC), cholesterol-adsorption capacity (CAC), and nitrite ion absorption capacity (NIAC). In addition, they all exhibited great toxic ions adsorption (Cd2+, Pb2+). The above results showed that bamboo culm IDF could be used as an ideal functional ingredient in food processing. Practical applications Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) provides various beneficial functions, such as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic. We used alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment (AHP) and complex enzymatic hydrolysis to improve the physicochemical and functional properties of bamboo IDF and help to the further research on its application value in food and other industry. The bamboo culm IDF could be incorporated into other food products for enhancing textural properties and promoting a favorable mouthfeel and it was an ideal functional ingredient in food processing.

The extraction of lignocelluloses and silica from rice husk using a single biorefinery process and their characteristics

While the efficient usage of biomass waste can significantly help in addressing environmental issues, there are only a few reports that discuss about processing such waste effectively at a low-cost. Such challenge arises from the strong association between the components biomass. In this study, an abundant agricultural byproduct, rice husk (RH), was used as the starting resource. A simple biorefining process of alkaline peroxide treatment followed by acid precipitation and ethanol extraction was performed on RH to obtain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and silica. The chemical structures, morphologies, and physic-chemical properties of the separated components were identified through a wide range of characterization approaches. The final products obtained from of this process were (i) bundles of fiber-like cellulose with a fiber width of 6 µm and (ii) small particles of hemicellulose and lignin with non-uniform shapes. The lignocelluloses products had over 90 wt% carbon with 52.28% crystalline ratio. Meanwhile, the other products comprising hemicelluloses, lignin, and silica were amorphous. The outcome of this study contributes to expanding and developing the simple and efficient conversion process of biomass waste into sustainable value-added materials. It is crucial to reduce the environmental impact by using renewable materials as the new building block resources for synthetic chemicals.

Upgrading the fermentability and prebiotic potential of palm decanter cake through fibre-degrading enzymatic treatments

Palm oil milling has produced tonnes of solid waste including palm decanter cake (PDC). The recalcitrant nature of PDC limits its full inclusion in animal feed. This study aims to investigate the effect of fibre-degrading enzyme such as cellulase and xylanase on the prebiotic activity and solid state fermentability of PDC. We used the following commercial enzyme loading: 5U cellulase (5UC), 5U xylanase (5UX) and combined enzymatic treatment 2.5U:2.5U (C25U) per gram of substrate to hydrolyse the defatted PDC. The sugar profile in the effluent was analysed by using high-performance liquid chromatography, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was estimated based on the total carbohydrates amount in the effluent. The DH of enzymatic-hydrolysed PDC followed the order of 5UC< C25U <5UX, which was 7.8 %, 44.2 2% and 46.27 %, respectively. The prebiotic activity score of ethanolic extract obtained from the PDC followed the order of untreated < C25U < 5UX < 5UC, which were -1.04, -0.74, -0.10 and 0.58, respectively. To further investigate the role of lignin (which can be eliminated through alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment (AHPT) on the extent of hydrolysis and the fermentability of enzymatic-hydrolysed PDC, we tested the invasion capacity of fungus Aspergillus oryzae on untreated, and AHPT followed by enzymatic-treated PDC. Pre-treatment of PDC with AHP improved accessibility for enzymatic hydrolysis in which the highest fungus growth rate was observed on the AHP-C25U PDC. Enzymatic treatment succeeding AHPT is a feasible way to improve the fermentability of palm decanter cake.

Homogenization of Maritime Pine Wood Color by Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment

The color of maritime pine wood is a critical parameter for manufacturing high added value materials (wood flooring or wood paneling for indoor applications). Actually, the color inhomogeneity between heartwood (Hw) and sapwood (Sw) can lead to a depreciation of the wood value and, therefore, to financial losses for wood products companies. In this article, the development of a color homogenization process based on alkaline hydrogen peroxide chemistry was studied. Maritime pine heartwood and sapwood powders were used to facilitate the chemical characterizations and colorimetric analyses by the CIEL*a*b* system. Brighter materials were obtained after the treatment by reducing significantly the color difference. The chemical modifications of wood surface were characterized by infrared spectroscopy analyses. The color evolution of the material overtime was also studied thanks to an accelerated ageing under UV irradiation. It was demonstrated that even if a color reversion occurred by oxidation, the color remained homogeneous between heartwood and sapwood.

Modification of ginseng insoluble dietary fiber through alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment and its impact on structure, physicochemical and functional properties

The influence of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) treatment of ginseng insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) on physicochemical and functional properties was investigated in this study. The chemical treatment resulted in porous IDF with wrinkled surface and loosened inner structure. Comparing to the unmodified, modifying ginseng IDF increased the water holding capacity (WHC), water swelling capacity (WSC) and oil retention capacity (ORC) by 32.6%, 29.8% and 32.7%, respectively. The chemical modification caused diminution in isoquercetin, ellagic acid, resveratrol, epicatechin and ferulic acid contents and unfavorable decreases in antioxidant activities. AHP treatment improved nitrite-adsorption capacity, cholesterol-adsorption capacity, glucose adsorption capacity and α-amylase inhibitory activity. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analyses showed that AHP treatment led to major alterations in the structure of IDF. Thus, AHP modified ginseng IDF, as a novel ingredient could find potential applications in the development of both plant and meat based products.