Algerian Family Research Articles

The Reflections of the CEDAW Convention on the Legal status of Women in Algerian Family Code

Even though the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women is the first international document that guarantees all rights for women in all areas of life and ensures all effective means to eliminate discrimination against them, the latter has come with a set of positive and negative effects on the Arab Islamic family and the Algerian family. After Algeria ratified the CEDAW convention to eliminate all forms of discrimination againstwomen and uphold the principle of equalitybetweenwomen and men, the family legislator found itself amending numerous legal provisions in line with the principles of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women. This resulted in granting mature women the right to conclude their marriage contracts themselves, making their consent in the marriage contract equal to that of men. Additionally, it imposed restrictions on men’s right to polygamy as a safeguard for women while also bolstering their position in terminating marital relationships by granting them the right to seek divorce through khula and granting them guardianship rights.

Cultural awareness of the Algerian family and its educational role in rationalising the concept of social stigma among its children-AIDS modelled an analytical study by presenting some studies

AIDS patients know a kind of rejection, discrimination and avoidance by their surroundings and this in different cultures across the world, and on the first institution in society, the family, and its awareness in assuming cultural responsibility in rationalising this concept for its family members and protecting them from social stigma through this research paper. We try to answer the question. Do AIDS patients really suffer from social stigma? And this is after clarifying. Who is the Algerian family? 2- What is the concept of consciousness? 3- The beginnings of the theory of social stigmatisation. 4- Social stigmatisation patterns. 5- Social stigmatisation of AIDS patients. 6- Studies that have been subjected to social stigmatisation in AIDS patients.

Apparition of germline mutation c.1395-1397del of MUTYH in Algerian consanguineous family with colorectal cancer

MUTYH is a glycosylase that removes adenine opposite 8-oxoguanine (OG) during base-excision repair of DNA. Variants of MUTYH defective in functional activity lead to MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP), autosomal recessive predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC). MAP combines clinical features with other hereditary CRC syndromes, and exhibits phenotypic overlap, particularly with Lynch syndrome (LS). To determine the impact of MUTYH mutations in colorectal adenomas and cancer susceptibility, this prospective objective screens the MUTYH gene in seventeen Eastern Algerian families with clinically suspected LS but without mismatch repair (MMR) mutations. Methods: We examined the presence of the mutations in the probands and their relatives using direct sequencing of the entire coding region of the MUTYH gene. Results: The biallelic and monoallelic pathogenic MUTYH mutations, c.1395_1397del, were discovered in a consanguineous family with CRC and gastric cancer as a novel finding in our Eastern Algerian population. Conclusion: High rates of consanguinity in Algerian population increase the risk of CRC caused by biallelic mutations in the MUTYH gene. In our families, the LS and MAP phenotypes might coexist.

A Comparison of Islamic Law and the Algerian Family Code within the Framework of Unfair Divorce Provisions

Unfair divorce remains a significant issue faced by contemporary societies. Addressing this problem requires effective legal and legitimate interventions. The Algerian Family Code derives its fundamental principles from Islamic Sharia and is influenced by Islamic law. However, over time, the Algerian Family Code has undergone various changes and adjustments to align with modern legal and social needs. The implementation of unfair divorce under Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code has witnessed several differences and contradictions. This study examines the provisions related to unfair divorce in Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code, highlighting their similarities and differences and the extent to which the Algerian Family Code is influenced by Islamic law. The study focuses on the extent of harmony and divergence between the legal and jurisprudential bases concerning unfair divorce in Islamic Sharia and the Algerian Family Code. Considering that Islamic Sharia serves as the primary source of the Algerian Family Code, the study investigates the challenges and disagreements encountered in their application. The significance of this research lies in shedding light on legal and jurisprudential matters related to unfair divorce in Algeria, providing crucial references to legal, religious, and academic institutions to establish a balanced legal framework in cases of unfair divorce, and encouraging further research to find comprehensive and harmonious legal solutions for Algerian society. The study adopts a comparative and analytical approach by collecting data and legal sources related to unfair divorce in Islamic and Algerian law, including legal texts on family and legislation in Algeria, fatwas, and judicial decisions concerning divorce cases. The obtained information is meticulously analyzed and compared to identify the similarities and differences between the two legal systems regarding the concept and conditions of unfair divorce. Moreover, the study investigates the laws and provisions aimed at preventing unfair divorce in both Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code. The analysis and comparison reveal significant disparities in the concept and procedures of unfair divorce between Islamic law and the Algerian Family Code. While Islamic law refers to such divorces as "bid'i divorce," the Algerian legislator designates them as "unfair divorce." Furthermore, the instances qualifying as unfair divorce differ between the two systems. Under Islamic law, unfair divorce occurs during the menstruation period, during the "clean" period when the husband touches the wife, through three pronouncements in a single session, or during a terminal illness. In contrast, the Algerian legislator limits unfair divorce to three situations: when the husband intends to harm his wife through divorce, when the husband seeks a minor benefit at the expense of his wife, or when the husband's purpose in divorce is to obtain an unlawful advantage. Lastly, concerning unfair divorce compensation, Islamic law grants the divorced woman the right to "mut'a" to deter the husband and compensate for her losses. The Algerian legislator, upon proving unfair divorce, awards the divorced spouse both the "mut'a" stipulated by Sharia and compensation for the damages incurred.

Migration is everywhere: The overlooked landscapes of Inch’Allah Dimanche (2001) by Yamina Benguigui

This article examines Yamina Benguigui’s 2001 film Inch’Allah Dimanche as a reflection of the transformative impact of past and ongoing migrations to France. While the narrative centres on an Algerian family reunification in the north of France during the 1970s, the film incorporates numerous landscapes as active aesthetic and narrative devices that, I argue, could be studied through a postmigratory lens. In an ecological reading that attends to the multiple discursive, historical and thematic threads embedded in the film’s physical environment, I analyse three landscapes featured as metaphors for the sets of struggles, conflicts and negotiations taking place in societies shaped by migration and colonialism. By taking such an approach, I aim to foreground the ecological dimensions of postmigration and their potential to further decentre the study of audio-visual narratives about migration.

The fate of the foster child when the foster mother gets married – an analytical study in algerian law supported by jurisprudence

Custody is viewed as the most significant consequence resulting from the disruption of the marital bond in the presence of children as it is directly related to their fate after the separation of their parents. In this case, the person who is granted custody has the right and obligation to take care of the foster child and to manage his affairs as well. For this, it is generally said that the mother is the first person that can assume the guardianship of the child as she is entitled to do so. Except that usually, the custodial mother wants to start a new life through a new marriage, which is generally followed by the fathers filing a lawsuit to drop custody. The present study aims to determine and examine the fate of the foster child following the custodial mother’s remarriage in accordance with the requirements of the Algerian Family Code and jurisprudence in this respect.

Charlie Hebdo and the Belhoumi family

The terrorist attacks of January 2015 in Paris prompted intense public debates concerning the relationship between Muslims and core elements of French republican values such as free speech and laïcité. The voices of Muslims themselves were heard relatively little in French media coverage of these matters. Drawing on a sociological study of eight second-generation members of an Algerian immigrant family, this article shows how their first-hand testimony illustrates the diversity of attitudes among French Muslims. Female members of the family who had built successful careers participated in the huge January 11 rally condemning the terrorist attacks and supporting free speech. Brothers with poorer employment records expressed more cynical attitudes, including in some cases supporting the claim that Charlie Hebdo journalists had been “asking for it” by publishing highly provocative cartoons which many Muslims considered to be Islamophobic. A sister working as an employment counsellor in a disadvantaged multi-ethnic banlieue with high levels of unemployment recounted how the disaffected and in some cases increasingly unhinged attitudes displayed in recent years by those she was charged with helping resembled those of the young men who had perpetrated the jihadist attacks of January 2015.

Congenital myasthenic syndrome by mutation of the ColQ gene: Phenotypic and evolutionary profile of three Algerian families

BackgroundCongenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are rare genetic neuromuscular disorders. The COLQ gene encoding the collagenous subunit of the acetyl cholinesterase enzyme tail is implicated in a synaptic form of CMS (also called type 5, according to the new gene table 2020 classification). ObjectiveTo study the clinical phenotype of three families with COLQ gene mutations. MethodsWe report a series of three consanguineous families, with seven affected patients, carrying three different mutations of the COLQ gene, one of which has never been reported in the literature before. ResultsWe studied their clinical and paraclinical phenotypes, and try to compare the three families as well as compare them with other series carrying COLQ gene mutations reported in the literature. ConclusionCOLQ gene mutations have phenotypic particularities that must be recognized to propose appropriate genetic study.

Rapidly progressive renal failure to reveal LCAT deficiency in an Algerian family.

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder that can reveal two different diseases: a very interesting nephrological picture of complete enzyme deficiency characterized by the association of dyslipidemia, corneal opacities, anemia, and progressive nephropathy; and a partial form (fish-eye disease) with dyslipidemia and progressive corneal opacities only. We report herein the case of a 35-year-old man who presented hypertension, renal symptomatology of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis associates: nephrotic proteinuria, severe renal failure, in combination with annular corneal opacities, anemia, and dyslipidemia. The diagnosis of familial LCAT deficiency was confirmed by clinical examination, characteristic dyslipidemia, undetectable LCAT levels in plasma, and positive family history.

Escobar Syndrome in Three Patients of Two Unrelated Families

“Escobar syndrome” or “multiple pterygium syndrome” is a very rare disorder. It is characterized by congenital contractures (arthrogryposis), excessive webbing (pterygia) and scoliosis. The diagnosis is generally confirmed after birth, in the neonatal period. We describe three individuals, from two consanguineous Algerian families, affected by this syndrome. The genetic defect is a mutation of the foetal subunit of Acetyl Choline receptor.

ALGERIAN FAMILY IN THE SHADOW OF SOCIAL CHANGE

This study represents a field approach to the Algerian family in relation to social change and aims to determine the extent to which the structure and function of the family have changed, as well as the implications of this change, particularly in relation to the family value system in general. The study concluded that social change has infected the structure and function of the family as the nucleus of society. The system of family values has undergone some changes, but the Algerian family still adheres to some traditional values, as they relate to the customs, customs and traditions of ancestors, such as marriage traditions and the celebration of religious events and holidays. Keywords: Family, Social Change, Value System, Customs, Traditions

Germline variants screening of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 genes in 64 Algerian Lynch syndrome families: The first nationwide study.

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women and men in Algeria. Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by heterozygous germline pathogenic variants in mismatch repair genes (MMR) and frequently predisposes to colorectal cancer. However, data about MMR germline pathogenic variants in Algerian patients are limited. This first nationwide study aims to describe clinicopathologic features and germline variants in MMR genes in Algerian families with suspected LS. Sixty-four (64) families with suspected LS were studied. Index cases with LS who fulfilled Amsterdam criteria were screened by PCR-direct sequencing for germline variants in MMR genes: MLH1 (exons 1, 9, 10, 13, 16), MSH2 (exons 5, 6, 7, 12), MSH6 (exons 4 and 8) and PMS2 (exons 6 and 10). We selected these specific risk exons genes since they have a higher probability of harboring pathogenic variants. In addition, two unrelated LS patients were screened by next-generation sequencing using a cancer panel of 30 hereditary cancer genes. Six germline pathogenic variants and one germline likely pathogenic variant were identified in 19 (29.68%) families (4 MLH1, 2 MSH2 and 1 MSH6). Of index cases and relatives who underwent genetic testing (n=76), 30 (39.47%) had MMR pathogenic gene variants, one (0.13%) had MMR gene likely pathogenic variant and three had MMR variant of uncertain significance, respectively. Two novel germline pathogenic variants in MLH1 (2) and one germline likely pathogenic variant in MSH6 (1) never published in individuals with LS have been detected in the present study. The recurrent MLH1 germline pathogenic variant c.1546C>T has been found in nine LS families, six of them related with two large kindreds, from four North central provinces of Algeria. In addition, the common MSH2 germline pathogenic variant c.942+3A>T has been detected in five unrelated patients with a strong LS family history. The accumulative knowledge about clinicopathological and genetic characteristics of LS in Algerian patients will impact clinical management in the areas of both prevention and treatment.

A heterozygous GRID2 mutation in autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

A heterozygous mutation in GRID2 that causes SCAR18 was first reported in an Algerian family with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA). We identified the second ADCA family with a heterozygous GRID2 mutation. The Algerian family had cognitive impairment and hearing loss associated with cerebellar ataxia. However, the Japanese family presented here showed pure cerebellar ataxia. Therefore, we should also screen for the GRID2 mutation in ADCA families with pure cerebellar ataxia.

MO020: Rare mutation of the IQGAP1 protein in an Algerian family with corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is podocyte involvement in corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. A certain number of proteins play an essential role in the biology of the podocyte; the mutation of these proteins generates the aforementioned pathology. The aim of this work is the determination of the rare mutation of the IQGAP1 protein, which is a protein involved in the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton of the podocyte. METHOD We identified six patients in our family with corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, including one death with four adults and two children from a consanguineous marriage with autosomal recessive transmission. It was noted that three deaths of unknown etiologies were reported at a very young age. RESULTS The patients had corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome is discovered at the age of 4 years on average for two children and 20 years for four adults. Kidney biopsy showed minimal glomerular damage at 19%, mesangial proliferation at 6% and segmental and focal hyalinosis at 71%. The extra-renal manifestations observed were linked to complications of chronic renal failure. Alteration of the expression of IQGAP1 or of its cellular location, as well as structural or functional alterations of the protein could lead to abnormal interactions between the different complexes of the podocyte and the cytoskeleton; the specificity of the study is the discovery of an SNCRF in patients where they have only one mutation of the IQGAP1 gene without mutation of the other IQGAPs (2 and 3). CONCLUSION We have a very high consanguineous marriage rate, which explains why the transmission of recessive diseases is very important. The mutation of the IQGAP1 protein is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. A genetic investigation is essential. IQGAP1 can therefore be considered to be a factor influencing the progression of glomerulopathies.

Breastfeeding wages between jurisprudence and Algerian Family Law: A comparative jurisprudence study in the light of Sharia objectives] ‘Ujrah al-Raḍa’ah bayn al-Fiqh wa Qanun al-‘Usrah al-Jaza’iri “Dirasah Fiqhiyyah Muqaranah fi Ḍaw’ Maqasid al-Shariah

Allah the Wise Legislator preserved the human right to life since conceived by the mother, forbidding him from any harm and ensuring him his right to breastfeeding from the moment he was born alive based on sharia provisions. That is, it is obligatory to protect both self and mind of babies through feeding them appropriately; and breast milk is the only appropriate one in purpose. In other words, if there is no appropriate milk for babies, their self and mind may get destroyed by hunger and its subsequent physical and psychological diseases which may lead to death. Following the Islamic legal maxim that reads ''should an obligation not be fulfilled except by a matter, that matter becomes obligatory”, it is the duty of the father to pay the wages for his breastfeeding, to save their babies' lives if it is not possible to breastfeed the baby or his mother refuses to do so. Both classical and contemporary jurisprudence scholars paid much attention to the provision of breastfeeding wages. As a result, family laws in Islamic nations as for example Algerian Family Law, do not neglect this issue. Thus, the study addressed the provision of refusing breastfeeding by wives during marriage or after getting divorced. Accordingly, the study aimed to show the provision of breastfeeding wages in all four schools of law and the Algerian Family Law through showing the right of wives to be paid against breastfeeding during marriage, their right to refuse breastfeeding, and the right of divorced women to be paid against breastfeeding when they refuse to do that for free. This study employed a comparative and inductive methodology in gathering materials from primary resources. Data collected were then analysed in comparison to Algerian Family Law. Finally, the study introduced a number of conclusions; most notably: despite their different opinions concerning the provision of breastfeeding wages, jurists agreed upon the objective of protecting self by obligating mothers to breastfeed their babies either due to the lack of other alternatives or the latter's insistence on breastfeeding from the mother only; has priority over merely financial objectives. The study also contributed in showing that the provision of breastfeeding wages is in line with the purposes of Sharia.

THE ROLE OF TELEVISION IN RAISING THE LEVEL OF HEALTH AWARENESS AND HEALTH PRACTICE AMONG THE ALGERIAN FAMILY IN LIGHT OF THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC - A FIELD STUDY ON FAMILIES IN NEIGHBORHOOD 08 MAY 1945, IN EL-OUED CITY

This study aims to reveal the role of television in raising the level of awareness and health practice among Algerian families in light of the Covid 19 pandemic. This paper attempts to uncover the extent to which television has been investigated as a mass media to educate Algerian families. In addition to studying the contents and persuasive appeals used in the field of raising the level of health awareness and health practice among Algerian families in light of this pandemic. So, the role evaluation of this mass media has been verified based on two main theories. First is the sociological theory which is represented Durkheim's functional theory, and the second media theory is the cultivation theory (cultural implantation theory). As we relied on the descriptive and analytical method using the questionnaire that was distributed to a sample of families living in the neighbourhood of May 08, 1945, in the city of EL-Oued in the southeast of Algeria. Where it was chosen in a deliberate way and it was estimated: 33 families, then it was treated statistically according to the SPSS system that adopted the triple Likert scale.

A “Capital of Hope and Disappointments”

This article traces the history of specialized social housing for North African families living in shantytowns in Marseille from the early 1950s to the mid-1970s. During the Algerian War, social housing assistance formed part of a welfare network that exclusively sought to “integrate” Algerian migrants into French society. Through shantytown clearance and rehousing initiatives, government officials and social service providers encouraged shantytown-dwelling Algerian families to adopt the customs of France’s majority White population. Following the Algerian War, France moved away from delivering Algerian-focused welfare and instead developed an expanded immigrant welfare network. Despite this shift, some officials and social service providers remained fixated on the presence and ethno-racial differences of Algerians and other North Africans in Marseille’s shantytowns. Into the mid-1970s, this fixation shaped local social assistance and produced discord between the promise and implementation of specialized social housing that hindered shantytown-dwelling North African families’ incorporation into French society.

Germline mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene in Algerian familial adenomatous polyposis cohort: first report.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (known also as classical or severe FAP) is a rare autosomal dominant colorectal cancer predisposition syndrome, characterized by the presence of hundreds to thousands of adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum from an early age. In the absence of prophylactic surgery, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the inevitable consequence of FAP. The vast majority of FAP is caused by germline mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene (5q21). To date, most of the germline mutations in classical FAP result in truncation of the APC protein and 60% are mainly located within exon 15. In this first nationwide study, we investigated the clinical and genetic features of 52 unrelated Algerian FAP families. We screened by PCR-direct sequencing the entire exon 15 of APC gene in 50 families and two families have been analyzed by NGS using a cancer panel of 30 hereditary cancer genes. Among 52 FAP index cases, 36 had 100 or more than 100 polyps, 37 had strong family history of FAP, 5 developed desmoids tumors, 15 had extra colonic manifestations and 21 had colorectal cancer. We detected 13 distinct germline mutations in 17 FAP families. Interestingly, 4 novel APC germline pathogenic variants never described before have been identified in our study. The accumulating knowledge about the prevalence and nature of APC variants in Algerian population will contribute in the near future to the implementation of genetic testing and counseling for FAP patients.

L’expérience de la migration en France ou la quête de l’éthique cosmopolite. Analyse du roman Soleil amer de Lilia Hassaine

This article shows the consequences of migratory movements in France throughout the twentieth century, as well as the proposals for improvement from the perspective, of current critics such as Bertrand Badie (2008), Tahar Ben Jelloun (1984, 2009), François Jullien (2008, 2012) and Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2009, 2015). Within this framework, the construction of a cosmopolitan ethic is imposed (Cortina, 2021) able to articulate the dialogism offered by contemporary intercultural literature written by women (Alfaro, Sawas et Soto, 2020; Alfaro, 2022). In this context, the novel Soleil amer published in 2021 by the French writer of Algerian origin, Lilia Hassaine, describes the migration problems in France for four decades and the consequences experienced by an Algerian family in which the cultural parameters North vs South come into confrontation and where tradition vs progress generate disagreements. There-fore, we will evoke in this article an analytical reflection around social integration.

Socialization And Its Role Within The Algerian Family In Light Of COVID-19:, Sociological Study Of Family And Child Modeling

Socialization And Its Role Within The Algerian Family In Light Of COVID-19:, Sociological Study Of Family And Child Modeling