Alcohol Treatment Centers Research Articles

Effect of Severity of Depression and Perceived Social Support on Suicidal Ideation among Patients Hospitalized with Substance Use Disorder

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of perceived social support and depression on suicidal ideation in inpatients receiving substance abuse disorder treatment.
 Method: A total of 110 inpatients in an Alcohol and Drug Treatment Center were included in the study. A sociodemographic and clinical information form, Beck Depression Inventory, Suicidal Ideation Scale, and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale were administered to all patients.
 Results: No significant correlation was identified between total social support score and suicidal ideation, whereas a weak negative but statistically significant correlation was found between social support from family and suicidal ideation scores (r=-0.231; p=0.016). The mean value of suicidal ideation was 2.22 in the non-depressed groupand 10.13 in the severely depressed group. We also found thatpatients whowere exempted from military service and those who had attempted suicide before had statistically significantly higher scores on the suicidal ideation scale.
 Conclusion: In patients diagnosed with substance use disorder, various factors may increase the risk of suicidal behavior. In particular, patients with insufficient social support, depressive symptoms, unable to carry out their military service and those who have attempted suicide before should be closely followed for suicidal ideation.

Difficulties in emotion regulation and attachment styles among Kurdish individuals in Eastern Turkey with substances use disorders

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment style and emotion dysregulation in Kurdish individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) in Eastern Turkey, a non-Western, Islamic society, in a descriptive cross-sectional design. This study was conducted with 216 individuals with SUDs who were treated at the SBU Van Training and Research Hospital Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center in Eastern Turkey between April 2023 and June 2023. Almost half of the participants (44.5%, n = 96) were between 18 and 30 years old and almost all were men (96.3%, n = 208). The most commonly used substances were heroin (46.3%, n = 100), marijuana (28.7%, n = 62) and synthetic cannabinoids (7.9%, n = 12). The results showed that higher levels of emotion dysregulation were associated with increased avoidant attachment and anxious attachment style. The study found that anxious and avoidant attachment styles were a significant predictor of emotion dysregulation. These findings suggest that attachment styles may play an important role in emotion dysregulation in Kurdish individuals with SUDs. Future research should investigate whether interventions targeting attachment-based interventions could be effective in reducing emotion dysregulation in Kurdish individuals with SUDs.

Assessment of RNFL and macular changes in the eye related to multiple substance use using OCT

Substance use is a chronic and recurrent public healthcare concern increasing in the world, causing negative outcomes. Two or more substance use is common among people who have substance use disorders and who receive treatment. For this reason, the present study aimed to measure Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL), Mean Macular Thickness (MMT), Central Macular Thickness (CMT) in patients who have Multiple substance use disorder (MSUD) using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), considering that it will contribute to the literature. Among the inpatients who were rehabilitated in Elazig Mental Hospital Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center, 75 people who were diagnosed with MSUD according to DSM-5 and met the criteria, and 51 control groups were included in the study. RNFL, MMT and CMT measurements of both eyes of all participants were made by using the OCT. Total RNFL measurement were significantly thicker than the control group (p < 0.001). MMT and CMT of the eyes of the patient were thinner than the control group (p = 0.009, p < 0.001). The findings provide important contributions to the literature data and in light of these findings, it can be recommended to consider visual findings and possible neurodegeneration when evaluating patients in the addiction group and planning their treatment.

Assessing Compliance with Driver Behavior Improvement Training (DBET): A Study on ADATC Data

Objective: This study aims to focus on the follow-up processes of 128 people who applied to Driver Behavior Improvement Training (DBET) and were referred to the Alcohol and Drug Addiction Treatment Center (ADATC) with a prediagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD). By providing access to critical information such as sociodemographic characteristics, follow-up times, number of admissions, and AUD detection rates, data review will help to plan health services more effectively and develop a comprehensive understanding of support processes for individuals with a prediagnosis of AUD. Material and Method: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 128 individuals who applied to the ADATC forensic outpatient clinic between October 2021 and October 2023 and received a preliminary diagnosis of AUD from the DBET. Results: The mean age was 41.85±8.79 years, and the median number of referrals was 9. The follow-up period was 237.09±171.35 days; of the participants, 96.9% were male, 78.1% were primary school graduates, 43% were followed for less than six months, and 57% for more than six months. The rate of individuals with positive results was 64.8%, and the rate of individuals with long-term positive results was 41.4%. No significant differences were found between the participants in the 'positive' and 'continuation' status regarding age, number of applications, follow-up periods, gender, and educational level (p&amp;gt;0.05). However, in the subgroup analysis of follow-up periods, a significant difference was observed in the follow-up rate for more than six months between participants with positive results compared to those with a follow-up time of &amp;lt;6 months (p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: It indicates that individuals with a positive outcome succeed more when followed up for longer. The study contributes to the understanding of the follow-up processes of individuals presenting with a prediagnosis of AUD and the development of a comprehensive understanding of providing adequate support.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV in a Substance Abuse Treatment Center.

Alcohol and substance use disorders are important public health problems with an increased risk for bloodborne and sexually transmitted infections. To determine the frequency and risk factors of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV in individuals with drug and alcohol addiction. This prospective study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Treatment and Education Center (ASATEC), Izmir, Turkey. Detailed anamneses were taken from alcohol and/or drug addicts who applied to the outpatient clinic; HBV, HCV, HIV serology results in the last 6 months were examined. The study group consisted of 478 persons, including 112 (23.4%) alcohol addicts, 322 (67.4%) substance addicts, and 44 (9.2%) combined alcohol and substance addicts. The mean age of the cases was 32 ± 11 years and 432 (90.4%) were male. Drug injection and needle sharing was recorded in 16.5% and 9.8% of participants, respectively. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was found in 2.7%, anti-HCV positivity in 9.6% and HIV Ag/Ab positivity in 1.9% of the cases. Among patients using intravenous drugs, HBsAg positivity was found in 2%, anti-HCV positivity in 55%, while HIV Ag/Ab positivity was not detected. A history of sexually transmitted disease was a risk factor for HBsAg, HIV Ag/Ab positivity. Intravenous drug use, needle sharing and ecstasy use were determined as risk factors for anti-HCV positivity. Risky behaviors for HBV, HCV and HIV transmission are high in alcohol and substance addicts. The use of ecstasy is a novel risk factor for HCV transmission.

Evaluation of metacognition, difficulties in emotion regulation and addiction severity levels of individuals diagnosed with substance use disorder

ABSTRACT Aim This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between metacognition, difficulties in emotion regulation, and level of addiction severity in individuals with substance use disorder. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out with 121 participants at the Alcohol and Drug Addicts Treatment and Research Center between February and June 2023. The data were collected using the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MTQ-30), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16), and Addiction Profile Index (API). Results All the participants were male and polysubstance users; the age of the onset of substance use was 16.43 ± 5.95; they had been receiving treatment for addiction for an average of 1.79 ± 2.16 years. There was a strong positive significant correlation between the mean total MTQ-30 score and the mean total DERS-16 and API scores (r = .704, p < .001; r = .776, p < .001) and a moderate positive significant correlation between the mean total DERS-16 score and the mean total API score (r = .628, p < .001). It was determined that metacognition had an effect at a rate of 60.3% and difficulty in emotion regulation had an effect at a rate of 39.5% on the addiction severity of individuals. Conclusion Addiction severity was found to increase as the levels of metacognitive impairment and difficulty in emotion regulation increased.

Relationship Between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Treatment Retention in Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder

IntroductionInflammatory processes may play a role in the pathophysiology of substance use disorders. Chronic opiate use may lead to inflammation, and elevated inflammation markers have been observed in individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) serves as an indicator of systemic inflammation. NLR can be employed in both diagnosis and treatment monitoring as an inflammatory marker to gauge the severity of OUD.ObjectivesOur aim was to assess the utility of NLR as a marker of chronic inflammation in diagnosing and monitoring treatment in individuals with OUD.MethodsA total of 200 patients with OUD and 78 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. Patients were initially admitted to a 28-day abstinence-based inpatient program and subsequently transitioned to outpatient buprenorphine/naloxone (B/N) maintenance treatment after hospitalization at the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center in Trakya University School of Medicine (Edirne, Türkiye). NLR was employed as a measure of systemic inflammation. Blood samples were collected the morning following admission for detoxification. Patients were categorized into two groups: the treatment retention group and the dropout/relapse group based on their 3-month and 12-month follow-up results. Clinical data were obtained from patient records.ResultsAt the 3-month follow-up, the median NLR with interquartile range was 1.34 (1.05-1.99) in the treatment retention group (n=112) and 1.72 (1.11-2.46) in the dropout/relapse group (n=88). At the 12-month follow-up, the median NLR with interquartile range was 1.28 (0.88-1.85) in the treatment retention group (n=52) and 1.56 (1.07-2.33) in the dropout/relapse group (n=148). The median NLR in the control group (n=78) was 1.36 (1.12-1.74). According to the 3-month and 12-month follow-up data, the difference between the groups concerning NLR was statistically significant (χ2=9.072, p=0.011; χ2=11.165, p=0.004; respectively). Pairwise comparisons indicated that patients in the dropout/relapse group had significantly higher baseline NLR values than those in the treatment retention group and healthy controls according to the 3-month (p=0.038 and p=0.019, respectively) and 12-month follow-up data (p=0.012 and p=0.040, respectively). NLR did not differ significantly between the treatment retention and control groups in both follow-ups (p&gt;0.05).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that elevated baseline NLR is associated with dropout/relapse in OUD, indicating its potential as a marker for treatment follow-up in these patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Examining Factors Influencing Length of Stay for Inpatients at Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the impact of impulsivity, treatment motivation, anxiety, and cognitive distortions on the duration of inpatient treatment for substance use.&#x0D; Methods: The sample for the study consisted of 200 volunteer patients receiving inpatient treatment at the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center. Participants underwent a general psychopathological evaluation using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) administered by the clinician. All participants were given the Case Report Form prepared by the clinician along with the Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11 Short Form (BIS), Automatic Thoughts Scale (ATS), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I, STAI-II) and Treatment Motivation Questionnaire (TMQ).&#x0D; Results: A significant distinction was noted in discharge statuses when comparing scores on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and nonplaning impulsiveness subscale, and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory and Automatic Thoughts Scale. Those who were discharged with remission had notably lower scores compared to those who left voluntarily or were discharged due to rule violation (p&lt; 0.001). Negative significant correlations were found between length of stay and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and its subscales [BIS-T (p

Trauma-Informed Evangelism: Cultivating Communities of Wounded Healers

Trauma-Informed Evangelism: Cultivating Communities of Wounded Healers

Trauma-Informed Evangelism: Cultivating Communities of Wounded Healers

Trauma-Informed Evangelism: Cultivating Communities of Wounded Healers

Comparison of opioid use disorder patients with and without problematic internet use in terms of impulsivity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

To investigate attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and impulsivity among individuals diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD) who also exhibit symptoms of problematic internet use (PIU). The study involved the participation of 360 patients with OUD enrolled at an alcohol and drug addiction treatment center (ADATC) from October to December 2022. Various assessment tools were administered, including Young's Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). PIU was identified by YIAS scores equal to or exceeding 50. Most participants diagnosed with OUD had comorbid PIU, with high levels of depression, anxiety, and ADHD symptoms. Both BDI and BAI scores were significantly increased in the PIU group compared to the non-PIU group (p < 0.001). Significant differences were observed in BIS Motor Impulsivity, Attentional Impulsivity, and total scores, indicating higher impulsivity in the PIU group (all p < 0.001). Additionally, higher ASRS scores were found in the PIU group (p < 0.001). These findings highlight the importance of addressing PIU and comorbidities in OUD treatment. Interventions targeting ADHD symptoms and emotional well-being may benefit PIU management.

Hepatitis C Prevalence, HCV awareness and Certain Psychological Factors in Patients with Opioid Use Disorder.

The objective of this study is to determine the prevalance of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in patients with Opioid Use Disorder and to investigate both the sociodemographic and psychological differences between patients with or without Hepatitis C Virus. Blood samples were taken from patients diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) who applied to Mersin Provincial Health Directorate Toros State Hospital Alcohol and Drug Addiction Treatment Center (AMATEM) between 01.09.2019-01.09.2020 and hepatitis virus markers, complete blood count and basic biochemistry were assessed. Sociodemographic Evaluation Form, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Childhood Traumas Scale, Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT), Temps-A Temperament Scale, Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale were applied to 107 patients with HCV and 101 patients without HCV who were selected by systematic sampling and the findings obtained were compared. Of the 1190 patients diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder, 340 (28.5%) were found to be HCV positive. 107 HCV-positive and 101 HCVnegative patients who were selected for comparison were similar in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. Among HCV positive patients, the rate of intravenous drug use and needle sharing were significantly higher (p<0.001, p<0.001). Overall duration of substance use and intravenous substance use were significantly higher in HCV positive patients (p=0.024 and p=0.017). Similarly, HCV positive group were significantly more likely (p<0.001) to have heard of HCV before and significantly more likely (p=0.009) to know that HCV causes cirrhosis and liver cancer. Regarding the scores of Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Childhood Traumas Scale, Substance Use Disorder Recognition Test, DUDIT, Temps -A Temperament Scales applied to HCV positive and HCV negative patients with Opioid Use Disorder, no difference was found. The scores of the 'Non-Acceptance' factor of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale were found to be significantly higher in HCV positive patients with Opioid Use Disorder (p=0.020). Patients diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) have higher rates of HCV positivity compared to general public. Intravenous drug use significantly increases this risk. Half of HCV-positive patients were unaware that they have the virus and only a very small proportion received treatment. Therefore, examining each patient with OUD for HCV, treating positive patients in an effective referral system seems to be the an important step in the eradication of this disease in this population.

Relationship Between Mental Health Literacy Level and Treatment Motivation in Alcohol and Drug Addicts

The primary objective of this research is to explore how the level of Mental Health Literacy influences the motivation for treatment among individuals dealing with alcohol or substance addiction. The study involved 128 subjects undergoing inpatient treatment at the Alcohol and Substance Abuse Treatment Center. To gather data, researchers utilized a Personal Information Form, Mental Health Literacy Scale, and Treatment Motivation (TM) survey. The scores obtained from the Treatment Motivation Questionnaire and Mental Health Literacy Scale were 94.21±12.2 and 108.03±11.7, respectively. The analysis revealed a statistically significant, albeit weak, positive correlation between the participants' Mental Health Literacy Scale-Knowledge of How to Seek Mental Health Information subscale mean score and both their total Treatment Motivation Questionnaire score and their Interpersonal Help-Seeking subscale mean scores (r=0.284). Conversely, a statistically significant weak negative correlation emerged between the participants' Mental Health Literacy Scale-Knowledge of Professional Help Available subscale mean score and their Treatment Motivation Questionnaire-Distrust in Treatment subscale mean score (r=−0.230). Conclusions drawn from the study indicate that a lack of knowledge regarding addiction and accessing professional assistance, coupled with concerns surrounding stigma, pose as significant barriers to motivation for seeking treatment.

Alkol ve Madde Bağımlısı Olan Bireylerin Kadına Yönelik Şiddete İlişkin Tutumları

The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of alcohol and substance dependent individuals towards violence against women. This cross-sectional study was completed with n=105 patients who were followed up in the Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment and Research Center of a state hospital. In this study, personal information form and ISKEBE attitudes towards violence against women scale were used as data collection tools. Among the patients diagnosed with alcohol-substance use disorder, n=53 (60.9%) were between the ages of 18-34 and n=70 (66.7%) were single. Of the patients, n=36 (52.2%) had been exposed to any type of domestic violence. The attitude scores of patients diagnosed with alcohol-substance use disorder towards violence against women were measured as 99.89 ± 22.1. In the current study, patients diagnosed with alcohol-substance use disorder who were male, lived in rural areas, had poor income status and had low educational level were found to have negatively low attitudes towards violence against women. In conclusion of this study, further studies and practices to determine and improve attitudes towards violence against women in patients diagnosed with alcohol-substance use disorder are recommended.

Diet quality, nutritional status and taste recognition are impaired in men with substance use disorder.

This study aimed to (1) evaluate the nutritional status, prevalence of malnutrition and dietary habits in individuals using substances and (2) examine the possible effects of substance use on the perception of five basic tastes. Ninety male individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) (heroin = 78, cocaine = 12) and 32 non-users participated in the study conducted at Manisa Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center (AMATEM), Turkey. To determine the quality of the diet, the mean nutrient adequacy ratio (MAR) was calculated based on 24-h recall food consumption records of the individuals. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) was employed to determine nutritional status, and anthropometric measurements were also taken from the individuals. The taste detection and recognition thresholds were determined with solutions with different concentrations for bitter, sour, sweet, umami and salty tastes and scored, with higher scores indicating lower thresholds. Mild-moderate malnutrition was determined in 50% of the individuals with SUD based on SGA. The body mass index (BMI) of individuals with SUD was found to be 21.2 ± 1.88 kg/m2 , and 24.1 ± 1.64 kg/m2 for non-users (p < 0.001). Diet quality, evaluated by MAR, was lower in individuals with SUD (54.7 ± 18.9%) than in non-users (93.5 ± 9.0%) (p < 0.001). The taste detection and taste recognition thresholds of individuals with SUD were impaired, and the threshold scores for sour, salty, sweet and umami taste recognition were significantly lower compared with non-users, with the lowest substance user threshold scores observed for the sweet recognition threshold. Standardised nutritional and behavioural interventions designed by dietitians should be provided for drug users in treatment centres and integrated with medical treatment practices.

The Relationship Between Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Obsessive Beliefs in Alcohol Use Disorder

Objective: Based on the pathophysiological similarities between alcohol use disorder (AUD) and obsessive compulsive spectrum disorders, as well as the close association between traumatic experiences and addiction, the goal of this study was to assess the relationship between obsessive beliefs and childhood traumas in patients with alcohol use disorder by comparing them with the control group.&#x0D; Material and Method: The data of 60 AUD cases who applied to the Alcohol and Substance Treatment Center (AMATEM) outpatient clinic consecutively and 56 healthy control groups were evaluated. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTS), Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression Inventory (HAM-D) were applied to both groups. The Addiction Profile Index, which evaluates the severity of addiction, was applied to the patient group. Data were evaluated with SPPS 22.&#x0D; Results: Obsessive beliefs, traumatic experiences, depression and anxiety scores were found to be significantly higher in AUD cases than in the control group. No significant relationship was found between traumatic experiences and obsessive beliefs. The most important predictors of obsessive beliefs were found to be anxiety and depression scores.&#x0D; Conclusion: The current study is valuable because it is the first study to evaluate the relationship between obsessive beliefs and childhood traumas in alcohol use disorder patients. Further analyzes in a larger sample in this area will be helpful in identifying risk factors and creating preventive interventions for AUD, a disorder that is difficult to treat and recurs.

Effect of Childhood Trauma on Substance Users’ Attitudes of Coping with Stress

Objective: This study seeks to examine the effects of childhood traumas on substance users’ attitudes of coping with stress.&#x0D; Method: This descriptive study seeking relationship was conducted with 133 individuals diagnosed with substance use and receiving treatment in the alcohol and substance treatment centre and closed psychiatry clinics of a mental health hospital located in Turkey.&#x0D; Results: The mean age of first substance use of the participants included in the study was 17.8 ± 4.7. The participants got the highest score from the emotional neglect subscale of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (12.83 ± 3.46). Individuals in the study got the highest score from the religious coping subscale of the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (13.39 ± 2.71). Childhood traumatic experiences were found to be effective in the development of coping attitudes including denial, behavioural disengagement, use of emotional social support, substance use, and acceptance. &#x0D; Conclusion: Childhood traumatic experiences of substance users have an effect on their dysfunctional coping attitudes. It is recommended that psychiatric nurses include primary, secondary, and tertiary protective approaches towards childhood traumas in their work on combating addiction.

Retrospective Evaluation of Poisoning Cases Followed Up in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit-A 12-Year Experience in a Single Center.

Poisonings constitute an important part of preventable morbidity and mortality in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and hospitalizations. However, information on poisoning requiring intensive care is limited. This study aimed epidemiological evaluation of poisoning cases treated in the PICU in a single center. The records of 504 patients admitted to the PICU due to acute poisoning between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Data were evaluated using descriptive methods and the χ2 test, and statistical differences with P value <0.05 were considered significant. The age range of the patients ranged from 1 month to 216 months (18 years), and the rate of girls was 53.2% (n = 268), whereas the rate of boys was 46.8% (n = 236). The mean age was 4.4 ± 4.3 years for boys, 6.7 ± 5.8 years for girls, and 5.6 ± 5.3 years for all patients. It was determined that 79.6% of the cases were poisoned by accident and 20.4% by suicide. A total of 76.7% of the patients who were poisoned for suicide were girls and 23.3% were boys. The mean age of these patients was 14.3 ± 3.0 years. On the other hand, 47.1% of the children who were accidentally poisoned were girls and 52.9% were boys, and the mean age of these children was 3.4 ± 2.9 years. Although 79.9% of poisonings occurred at home, the causative agent was oral poisoning in 97.4% of the cases. Approximately two thirds (69.2%) of the cases were drug-related, whereas 30.8% were related to nondrug substances. In drug-related poisonings, central nervous system drugs (35.8%) were the most common agent, followed by analgesic/antipyretic (20.9%) agents, whereas among the nonpharmaceutical factors, insecticides (agricultural pesticides, rat poison, pesticides, etc) were the most common, followed by poisonous herbs (beetleweed, widow's weed, cannabis, etc). The mean admission time of the patients to the hospital was 6.3 ± 8.4 hours, and the mean length of stay in the intensive care unit was 1.6 ± 1.3 days. In the 12 years of our study, only 3 patients died due to poisoning, and our mortality rate was 0.5%. Four patients (0.7%) were referred to the Alcohol and Drug Addicts Treatment and Research Center. In this study, in which we retrospectively analyzed the profiles of poisoning cases hospitalized in the PICU for 12 years, we determined that poisonous weeds were the major factor in accidental poisonings, and suicidal poisonings were above the expected rates even at the young age group such as 8-12 years old. These results show the importance of determining the poisoning profile of the health care service area.

The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: Sample and clinical data.

The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism (COGA) is a multi-site, multidisciplinary project with the goal of identifying how genes are involved in alcohol use disorder and related outcomes, and characterizing how genetic risk unfolds across development and in conjunction with the environment and brain function. COGA is a multi-generational family-based study in which probands were recruited through alcohol treatment centers, along with a set of community comparison families. Nearly 18,000 individuals from >2200 families have been assessed over a period of over 30 years with a rich phenotypic battery that includes semi-structured psychiatric interviews and questionnaire measures, along with DNA collection and electrophysiological data on a large subset. Participants range in age from 7 to 97, with many having longitudinal assessments, providing a valuable opportunity to study alcohol use and problems across the lifespan. Here we provide an overview of data collection methods for the COGA sample, and details about sample characteristics and comorbidity. We also review key research findings that have emerged from analyses of the COGA data. COGA data are available broadly to researchers, and we hope this overview will encourage further collaboration and use of these data to advance the field.

Alkol Kullanım Bozukluğunun Detoksifikasyon Tedavisi Sırasında Yoksunluk Şiddeti İle İnflamasyon Parametreleri Arasındaki İlişki ̇

Objective: Alcohol withdrawal is a potentially life-threatening condition that could be seen after discontinuation or a decrease in alcohol consumption. Inflammatory processes take part in alcohol withdrawal duration. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between withdrawal severity and inflammation parameters. &#x0D; Method: This retrospective study was performed via electronic health records in an alcohol and drug treatment center between August-2021 and August-2022. One hundred forty-one inpatients with alcohol use disorder and 134 controls were enrolled. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biochemical data of the participants were collected. &#x0D; Results: The patients and the control group were similar in age, gender, and educational status. The patients’ group had higher levels of neutrophils and lower levels of lymphocytes than the control group. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) levels were higher in the patients’ group. The alcohol withdrawal severity of patients was positively correlated with NLR levels, MLR levels, the amount of daily alcohol, and years of heavy alcohol consumption. &#x0D; Conclusion: NLR and MLR are inexpensive and easily accessible markers that could be used to estimate alcohol withdrawal severity.