Alcohol Nanocomposites Research Articles

Effect of Morphology and Concentration of CeO2 Nanoceria on the Thermal Stability of Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

Objective: To determine the thermal stability of polyvinyl alcohol films under different concentrations of CeO2 nanoceria. Method: Cerium Oxide doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nano-composites were synthesized by the traditional solution casting method for various concentrations of nano CeO2 by solution combustion method. The thermal properties of prepared PVA-2.5 wt% CeO2, PVA-7.5 wt% CeO2 , PVA-12.5 wt% CeO2, and PVA-25 wt% CeO2 composite films were elucidated by using techniques such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetry analysis and Differential Thermal analysis. Findings: The glass transition temperature of the pure PVA is found to be 114°C, whereas it varies between 110°C-120°C for composite films. The melting temperature of the composite films is the same as that of pure PVA except in the case of 7.5wt% CeO2 and 25wt% CeO2 composites. The reduced melting point of these composites elicits a decrease in crystallinity. A 12.5 wt % and 25 wt% CeO2-PVA nano-composite films exhibit an increase in the final degradation temperature, a high specific heat capacity, low mass loss, and a larger residual weight, indicating their potential applicability in thermal coating and thermal sensing applications. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films are being used routinely as a dielectric layer for electrical applications due to the good physiochemical and dialectic properties of the material. An incorporation of CeO2 nanoceria improves not only the thermal but also the mechanical properties of PVA and extends its application for electrical and optical operation. Here in the present study, different concentrations of CeO2 were incorporated with the PVA and analysed for the thermal properties. The study showed that 12.5 wt % and 25 wt% CeO2-PVA nano-composite enhanced PVA film thermal stability. Keywords: PVA-CeO2 Nanocomposites; Differential Scanning Calorimetry; Thermogravimetry Analysis and Differential Thermal Analysis; Physical properties and thermal properties

Synthesis of smart PVA/acid-activated/Cu2O@sepiolite nanocomposite: Evaluation of thermal, mechanical, lead removal and antibacterial properties

Lead [Pb(II)] poses a serious threat to public health and the environment due to its high prevalence in industrial effluents. Herein, we developed smart poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites containing acid-activated sepiolite (ASep) and cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles containing sepiolite using the alkaline method. Structural, thermal, physical, and mechanical properties of PVA/ASep@Cu2O nanocomposites were evaluated. The modulus of elasticity of PVA/ASep@Cu2O nanocomposites was 1.26-fold enhanced compared to the PVA membrane. The influence of adsorbent dose (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 g), pH (3, 4, 5), time (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min), and temperature (300.15, 310.15, and 320.15 K) on the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous media by PVA/ASep@Cu2O nanocomposites was investigated. The maximum Pb(II) adsorption capacity of PVA/ASep@Cu2O nanocomposite was 284.09 mg/g. The practical application of the smart nanocomposite for eliminating heavy metals from industrial effluent and contaminated drinking water was determined. The PVA/ASep@Cu2O nanocomposite also exhibited robust antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Therefore, PVA/ASep@Cu2O nanocomposite could be employed as a smart approach by producing clean water to protect public health and the environment.

A Study on the Influence of Functionalized Graphene on the Mechanical and Biocompatibility Performance of Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a synthetic polymer produced by polymerizing vinyl acetate and subjecting it to alkaline hydrolysis, exhibits properties such as film formation, emulsification, and adhesion. However, pure PVA’s biocompatibility and mechanical properties are limited. Its hydrophilicity also causes it to dissolve in water and blood, rendering it less suitable for drug delivery applications. To address these limitations, PVA was crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) to enhance toughness and resistance to water and blood dissolution. Additionally, carboxyl (COOH) and hydroxyl (OH) functionalized graphene were incorporated into electrospun PVA nanocomposites to further improve their mechanical properties. The results show that adding COOH- and OH-functionalized graphene in four different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt.%) significantly enhanced the mechanical characteristics of PVA nanocomposites. Tensile strength and Young's modulus increased substantially, with OH-functionalized graphene increasing tensile strength and Young's modulus by 224% and 338.3%, respectively, and COOH-functionalized graphene increasing these properties by 245.6% and 371.4%. Morphological characterization using FT-IR and FESEM confirmed the successful incorporation of graphene into the PVA matrix. Biocompatibility testing through APTT and PT assays showed both nanocomposites are biocompatible, suggesting their potential for biomedical applications. The optimal filler concentration for both graphene types was 1.5 wt.%. This research demonstrates the promising potential of innovative materials for healthcare and biomedical engineering applications.

Enhancement of Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites by Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles for Optoelectronic Applications

Enhancement of Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites by Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles for Optoelectronic Applications

Effect of blue light irradiation on the formation of silver nanostructures in polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films

Effect of blue light irradiation on the formation of silver nanostructures in polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films

Syzgium cumini seed/poly vinyl alcohol based water resistant biodegradable nano-cellulose composite reinforced with zinc oxide and silver oxide nanoparticles for improved mechanical properties

The current work explored a comparative study of biodegradable jamun seed/polyvinyl alcohol (JS) nanocomposites reinforced with varying concentrations of ZnO and Ag2O nano-fillers. The effect of spherical shaped ZnO and Ag2O nanoparticles (NPs) on the on structure, morphology, swelling and solubility, crystallinity and mechanical properties together with biodegradation performance of the composite films was fully studied. SEM results showed uniform distribution of ZnO and Ag2O nanofillers into the JS matrix and dense or compact nanocomposite films were formed. JS-ZnO and JS-Ag2O nanocomposites with 0.5 wt% ZnO and Ag2O content showed maximum crystallinity i.e. 11.3 and 9.58 %, respectively, as determined by XRD. When compared to the virgin JS film (8.41 MPa), the resultant JS-ZnO-0.5 and JS-Ag2O-0.5 nanocomposites showed significantly enhanced tensile strength (35.7 MPa, 29.2 MPa), elongation at break (15.42 %, 14.62 %) and Young's modulus (141 MPa, 126 MPa), respectively. Also, reduced swelling (120.4 % and 116.1 %) and solubility ratio (17.45 % and 18.42 %) was observed for JS-ZnO-0.5 and JS-Ag2O-0.5 nanocomposites, respectively. Biodegradation results showed that maximum degradation (88 %) was achieved for the JS film within 180 days of soil burial whereas JS-ZnO-0.1 and JS-Ag2O-0.1 nanocomposites showed 78 % and 72 % degradation within 180 days, respectively.

Selenium loaded sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite film as wound dressing: structural, optical, mechanical, antimicrobial properties and biocompatibility

In the current research, synthesized Se-NPs were loaded into sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol SA/PVA blend, 1:2 (w:w), with different proportions to form nanocomposite films by using the solution casting method. The main goal is to enhance the physical and antibacterial properties of the polymer blend; therefore, it can be utilized for wound dressing applications. The physical aspects of the prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), UV–Vis spectroscopic technique, and mechanical analysis to show the effect of increasing the concentration of Se-NPs from zero to 0.5 wt% on their properties. Regarding the XRD analysis, the calculated values of lattice strain (ε\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\varepsilon$$\\end{document}) increased from 0.005 to 0.013. The FTIR absorption spectrum recorded an intensity reduction and position shift in the main characteristic peaks of SA/PVA. The morphology of Se-NPs revealed a spherical shape with a mean diameter of 131.76 nm, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The surface morphological images showed the appearance of a few cracks; besides, the average roughness increased from 1.59 to 2.08 nm. According to the UV–Vis spectroscopic analysis, the optical band gap reduces (from 5.425 to 5.216 eV) for the direct transition and from (5.07–4.78 eV) for the indirect transition, which is an indication of the interaction between Se-NPs and SA/PVA blend. Young’s modulus, tensile strength, and yield strength of the films increased with the addition of selenium nanoparticles. On the other hand, the amount of selenium release significantly increased with enhancing the concentration of Se-NPs in SA/PVA blend film from 0.1 to 0.5 wt%. Additionally, the inclusion of Se-NPs supplied the polymer blend with excellent antimicrobial activity, which would remove the possibility of microbial infection at the wound site. Moreover, the prepared SA/PVA/Se nanocomposite films have good biocompatibility with Human Skin Fibroblast (HSF). The results suggest the potential of this nanocomposite to be used in wound dressing applications.

Preparation of multifunctional and mechanically-reliable smart wood infiltrated with cellulose nanocrystal-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite

Multifunctional transparent woods have recently attracted a great interest as efficient products for many applications, such as smart window and smart packaging. Herein, a transparent wood with several desirable properties, including flame-retardant activity, ultraviolet shielding, superhydrophobicity, good roughness, durability and photostability was developed. The current photoluminescent wood showed a remarkable capacity to keep releasing light in the dark for extended durations. Multifunctional transparent wood was prepared by infiltrating a delignified wooden bulk with a combination of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), cellulose nanocrystals, and rare-earth strontium aluminate nanoparticles (RSAN). Cellulose nanocrystals were prepared from microcrystalline cellulose, and used as reinforcement nanofiller to enhance the mechanical strength of the polyvinyl alcohol matrix and a dispersant agent to avoid agglomeration of RSAN. RSAN displayed diameters of 8–16 nm, while cellulose nanocrystals displayed lengths of 75–150 nm and diameters of 5–10 nm. According to photoluminescence spectra and the colorimetric space coordinates reported by the CIE Lab parameters, the transparent wood changed color to bright green when exposed to UV irradiation. For the produced phosphorescent wood surfaces, an absorption band was detected at 365 nm to generate an emission band at 519 nm.

CdSe/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films for packaging: thermal, mechanical, optical and physico-chemical properties

CdSe/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films for packaging: thermal, mechanical, optical and physico-chemical properties

Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots/ polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite for photon management: Application in CIGS photovoltaic cells

The efficiency (η) of copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells has been hampered by absorption losses that happen within the ZnO and CdS layers. A photon downconversion layer created from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) composite (NGQDs/PVA) was implemented on the top of the cell to overcome this obstacle. Notably, the NGQDs/PVA layers, prepared at spin speeds of 3000, 4000, and 5000 rpm, exhibited optimal characteristics, demonstrating superior light absorption at low wavelengths along with elevated transmittance at longer wavelengths. The η was found to be highest for the layer prepared at 4000 rpm, accompanied by elevated values of short-circuit current (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and fill factor (FF). Consequently, Cell #2 incorporating the champion NGQDs/PVA layer outperformed all other CIGS photovoltaic cells, showcasing an impressive enhancement of 8.96 % in Jsc, 1.62 % in Voc, 2.03 % in FF, and an overall η of 11.51 %. This champion cell significantly improves the performance of CIGS photovoltaics.

Enhancing Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites with Carboxy-Functionalized Graphene: An In-Depth Analysis of Mechanical, Barrier, Electrical, Antibacterial, and Chemical Properties.

To enhance the various properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), varying concentrations of carboxy-functionalized graphene (CFG) were employed in the preparation of CFG/PVA nanocomposite films. FTIR and XRD analyses revealed that CFG, in contrast to graphene, not only possesses carboxylic acid group but also exhibits higher crystallinity. Mechanical testing indicated a notable superiority of CFG addition over graphene, with optimal mechanical properties such as tensile and yield strengths being achieved at a 3% CFG concentration. Relative to pure PVA, the tensile strength and yield strength of the composite increased by 2.07 and 2.01 times, respectively. XRD analysis showed distinct changes in the crystalline structure of PVA with the addition of CFG, highlighting the influence of CFG on the composite structure. FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed the formation of ester bonds between CFG and PVA, enhancing the overall performance of the material. TGA results also demonstrated that the presence of CFG enhanced the thermal stability of CFG/PVA nanocomposite films. However, analyses using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that a 3% concentration of CFG was uniformly dispersed, whereas a 6% concentration of CFG caused aggregation of the nanofiller, leading to a decrease in performance. The incorporation of CFG significantly enhanced the water vapor and oxygen barrier properties of PVA, with the best performance observed at a 3% CFG concentration. Beyond this concentration, barrier properties were diminished owing to CFG aggregation. The study further demonstrated an increase in electrical conductivity and hydrophobicity of the nanocomposites with the addition of CFG. Antibacterial tests against E. coli showed that CFG/PVA nanocomposites exhibited excellent antibacterial properties, especially at higher CFG concentrations. These findings indicate that CFG/PVA nanocomposites, with an optimized CFG concentration, have significant potential for applications requiring enhanced mechanical strength, barrier properties, and antibacterial capabilities.

Structural, thermal and optoelectrical study of PVA/iron oxide nanocomposite films

AbstractThe work reported here deals with fabricating iron oxide nanoparticles incorporated polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films via the solution‐casting green route, characterized using various characterization techniques. X‐ray diffraction analysis shows interaction of nanoparticles with the polyvinyl alcohol matrix, scanning electron microscopy shows surface morphology of crack‐free films, energy dispersive spectroscopy indicates elemental purity, tensiometer analysis shows changing behavior of hydrophilic to hydrophobic, thermogravimetric analysis shows improved thermal stability, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy shows tunable optical properties, and frequency response analysis shows improved electrical properties. A small incorporation (1 wt. %) of iron oxide nanoparticles has induced significant alternations in structural, wetting, thermal, optical, and electrical properties of the polyvinyl alcohol‐based nanocomposite films. Results showed notable changes in the structural phases, water contact angle (39.5° to 97.7°), optical absorption edge (5.12 eV to 4.84 eV), indirect band gap (4.99 eV to 4.68 eV), direct bandgap (5.41 eV to 5.21 eV), and band tail (0.57 eV to 0.89 eV) from native polyvinyl alcohol to polyvinyl alcohol/iron oxide nanocomposite films. Enhancements were observed in refractive indices, optical conductivity, optical dielectric loss, thermal stability, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss on incorporating iron oxide nanoparticles into the polyvinyl alcohol matrix. The fabricated nanocomposite films might be a potential material for optoelectronic and microelectronics applications.

Features of nano TiO2 on metallographic and optical performance of polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite film

Features of nano TiO2 on metallographic and optical performance of polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite film

Synthesis and Characterization of Polythiophene with Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites for Energy Storage

Synthesis and Characterization of Polythiophene with Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposites for Energy Storage

Chitosan/PVA Nanocomposite Films with Improved Structural, Vibrational and Optical Properties

Herein, the solvent costing method was used to prepare the chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) nanocomposite films and the properties of structural, vibrational, optical, thermal and electrochemical of these films have been reported. XRD and SEM were confirmed the presence of CS in PVA matrix. The vibrational properties and functional group assignment were studied. The thermal stability and electrochemical properties of chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol nanocomposite films were reported.

Differential Thermal Analysis of Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite with Rice Husk Ash as a Filler

Nanoparticles of polyvinyl alcohol with rice husk ash as a filler for strong polymer material candidates have been prepared through the sol-gel method. Rice husk ash is a waste product obtained from the combustion of rice husks at a controlled temperature and possesses high pozzolanic properties due to its silica content. Ball milling and co-precipitation methods were employed on the rice husk ash to create nanoparticle materials. To produce nanocomposite membranes, a polyvinyl alcohol solution was utilized as a solvent through the sol-gel method. The nanocomposite samples of rice husk ash were analyzed thermally to determine the material’s response to temperature. Various nanocomposite compositions of polyvinyl alcohol and rice husk ash were used, including 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. Based on the thermal analysis, it is evident that there were changes in enthalpy (H) and mass characteristics in all five samples.

Graphene nanoribbon doped PVA nanocomposites for improved UVC blocking and luminescence down‐shifting applications

AbstractGraphene nanoribbon (GNR) is quasi‐one dimensional carbon based nanomaterial, distinct from graphene and less explored nanofiller in optical and optoelectronic applications. Herein flexible poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites of 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 wt % compositions of GNR were prepared by using solution intercalation technique and characterized by spectroscopic methods to assess their structural and optical characteristics. The characterization of PVA@GNR nanocomposites revealed Vander Waals binding of GNR to PVA chains and also considerable crystallographic changes in PVA matrix upon the incorporation of GNR. The optical investigations showed UV‐visible absorption in the wavelength range of 200–280 and 350–520 nm which enhanced on increase in GNR dopant concentration. The decrease in the optical band gap and Urbach energy was also observed for the nanocomposites with increase in dopant concentrations thereby suggesting the formation of localized states in the forbidden band region. The refractive index, absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient and optical conductivity of PVA nanocomposites showed excellent agreement with the band gap revelations and indicated UVC light blocking properties in the wavelength of 200–280 nm. Further, the GNR incorporated PVA nanocomposites exhibited improved thermal stability, wettability transitions (hydrophilic to near hydrophilic) and excellent luminescent down‐conversion properties with a high Stokes's shift (100 nm) compared to pristine PVA nanocomposites. The study concludes that the proposed PVA@GNR nanocomposites can ideally fit optical and photovoltaic device applications owing to their transparency coupled with UV blocking and luminescence down‐shifting attributes.

Enhancing thermal stability, mechanical properties, and flammability of polyvinyl alcohol using amide‐functionalized hydrogel and zinc oxide nanoparticles

AbstractNew polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites containing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and a hydrogel were prepared by the solution casting method. ZnO nanoparticles grafted co‐polymer (Zn‐g‐CP) was synthesized through the reaction of ZnO nanoparticles with vinyltriethoxysilane and then the radical co‐polymerization with 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS). The amide functionalized hydrogel was prepared via an in situ polymerization of acrylamide and N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker in a solution of PVA. The corresponding results indicated that the simultaneous presence of both Zn‐g‐CP and hydrogel could significantly increase flammability, thermal stability, and the tensile strength of PVA. The results of the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) indicated a uniform dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles and an enhanced compatibility with the PVA matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in both N2 and air atmospheres, indicated that the temperature at 50% mass loss and the char residue values of PVA nanocomposite containing 6 wt% of Zn‐g‐CP in the presence of hydrogel (PZH12 sample) were enhanced, which was evident by the increased thermal decomposition temperature. The peak of heat release rate (pHRR) value of the PZH12 sample was obtained 56.9% lower than that of the neat PVA demonstrating a significant improvement in flammability behavior. Also, the flame‐retardant performance of PZH12 improved, as compared to the pure PVA, with UL‐94 V1 rating and LOI of 27.2%. The tensile strength (Ts) and elongation at break (EB) values for the mentioned sample enhanced by 62.5% and 7.2% compared to those of the neat PVA, respectively.Highlights Preparation of vinyl functionalized ZnO nanoparticles (VZnO). ZnO grafted co‐polymer (Zn‐g‐CP) from a radical polymerization on the VZnO surface. Preparation of an amide‐sulfonated hydrogel in the PVA solution. The effect investigation of hydrogel and Zn‐g‐CP on the PVA properties. The results exhibited the enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PVA.

Fullerene (C60)‐doped zinc‐aluminium layered double hydroxide/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization, and photodegradation of methylene blue from water solution

AbstractIntroductionLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) are widely studied anionite clays consisting of positively‐charged hydroxide nanosheets which is described by the general formula: [M(II)1−xM(III)x(OH)2][An−·mH2O], where M(II) and M(III) are the divalent (e.g., Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Ni2+, etc.) and trivalent (e.g., Al3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, etc.) metal ions, An− and H2O is the interlamellar anion (e.g., Cl¯, Br¯, NO3¯, CO32¯, SO42¯, SeO42¯) for charge‐neutralization and hydrated state, respectively. They have been widely used in different industry sectors, in materials science and research. Polymer/LDH nanocomposites have gained significant attention in recent years.Carbon‐based nanomaterials, like fullerene, carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene and graphene oxide have attracted significant attention. Fullerene molecules (C60, C70) are used as reinforcing material for polymers to improve their mechanical, thermal, optical, energy storage and charge transport properties.ObjectivesC60‐doped ZnAl‐layered double hydroxide/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposites were successfully synthesized and their photocatalytic activity for photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) synthetic dye was quantitatively analyzed by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. The effect of C60 on the optical, structural, morphological properties, and photocatalytic activity of LDHs was investigated, and the impact of C60/LDH mass ratio and aging time on the properties was also studied.MethodsFullerene‐doped ZnAl‐LDH/PVA nanocomposites were synthesized via urea hydrolysis and coprecipitation‐coformation method. First, 10 wt% PVA/water solution (40 mL) is added into the mixed solution containing 0.015 mol of Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and 0.005 mol of Al2(SO4)3·9H2O and titrated by 2 M of NaOH and 1 M of NaHCO3 mixed base solution to adjust pH 9. The obtained white slurry was shaken very hard and aged for 1 year. The obtained samples were marked by the mass percentage of C60 as 1% C60@LDH/PVA, 10% C60@LDH/PVA, 20% C60@LDH/PVA, and 60% C60@LDH/PVA.Results and DiscussionThe basal spacing of C60‐doped ZnAl‐LDH was estimated to be 9.217 Å which is wide enough from the general LDH (~7.0 Å). The crystallite size of nanoparticles is 9.217 nm and ~6 nm by Scherrer's equation and Williamson–Hall method from the XRD data, respectively. Rice‐shaped 2D morphology was formed with 100 nm–2 μm width and 500 nm–10 μm in length by SEM. The maximal photodegradation efficiency was found with 20% of C60 doping (PD% = 96.98) after 360 min, where the sorption efficiency with this compound is very high (R% = 85.55).ConclusionsIn the presented work, the effect of C60 on the optical, structural, morphological properties, and photocatalytic activity of LDHs was investigated, and the impact of C60/LDH mass ratio and aging time on the properties was also studied. For the identification of the photocatalytic activity of obtained C60/LDH nanocomposites, MB was used as a model pollutant and the efficiency of the Zn/Al LDH nanocomposite, with various quantities of fullerene, is also evaluated.

Optical Properties of PVA Silicon Carbide Nano Composites Films Synthesized Via Laser Ablation

Background: Enhancing the optical characteristics of nano-silicon carbide and polyvinyl alcohol films is thought to be crucial for obtaining the semiconductor with the lowest energy gap for applications in electrical devices, digital displays, and sensors.
 Materials and Methods: Poly vinyl alcohol and silicon carbide's optical properties were examined. A pulsed laser with a 532 nm wavelength is used to create these nanoparticles into widespread nanoparticles in two environments (water and vinyl alcohol). Polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite was created by spin coating silicon carbide particles with the weight fractions 0.90%, 0.91%, 0.93%, and 0.95%. Fourier spectroscopy was used to locate the functional groups based. Techniques FESEM were used to analyze the surface composition and nanoparticle dispersion on the membrane-surface of the nanocomposite. using spectroscopy UV-Vis used to record the absorbance spectrum in the range of (200-800) nm for ultraviolet radiation.
 Results: The direct energy gap (5.585, 5.310, 5.480, 4.986, 4.800) eV and the indirect (5.006, 4.880, 4.916, 4.683, 4.490) eV and Urbach energy (2.38, 2.45, 2.94, 2.74, 3.67) eV were calculated.for the samples by ratio, as shown in Table No. 1.
 Conclusion: By investigating the optical characteristics of nanoparticles, such as their extinction and absorption coefficients, direct and indirect optical energy gaps, and Urbach energies .increase in extinction and absorption coefficients Urbach energy when adding nano carbide to polyvinyl alcohol, results show narrowing of the direct and indirect energy gaps. This suggests that the nanocomposite's optical characteristics have improved.