Alcala De Guadaira Research Articles

Reducing pollutant emissions in a waste collection vehicle routing problem using a variable neighborhood tabu search algorithm: a case study

This paper focuses on designing waste collection routes with a single landfill using eco-efficiency as a performance indicator. In this problem, there are a limited number of heterogeneous vehicles based at a single depot. Empty vehicles leave the depot, collect waste from a set of locations and drop off the collected waste at a specific landfill. Then, vehicles leave the landfill and may collect more waste from other locations or return empty to the depot. Traditional performance indicators in vehicle routing problems are mainly focused on economic objectives, not explicitly considering environmental issues. In this paper, a mathematical model is presented with an eco-efficient objective function that takes into account external costs (climate change and air pollution). The COPERT model is used for estimating fuel consumption, carbon dioxide and pollutant emissions. The problem is first heuristically solved using a semi-parallel construction algorithm. Then, solutions are improved by a variable neighborhood tabu search algorithm developed for this problem. The algorithm is validated for a real problem in the municipality of Alcala de Guadaira, within the metropolitan area of Seville (Spain). Results obtained on a set of case studies improve the solution that is currently implemented in the municipality, in terms of total distance traveled, carbon dioxide emissions and pollutant emissions.

Rafael Cerdá, una dinámica abstracta muy personal.

El artículo dilucida los argumentos plásticos de la pintura abstracta de Rafael Cerdá, pintor de Alcalá de Guadaira con amplia trayectoria y producción en pintura y escultura. Lo hace en relación con la evolución experimentada por el artista en los últimos años, en la que la depuración del lenguaje morfológico propio lo ha llevado a la correspondiente estilística, estableciendo nuevos valores e una dinámica coherente y muy reconocible.

Hydraulic Study of the Water Supply to the City of Seville through Its Aqueduct between the 17th and 19th Centuries

The aqueduct of the Caños de Carmona was in operation from 1172 until its demolition in 1912.Its infrastructure was an essential resource to supply water to the city of Seville. This study attempts to analyse the supply and distribution system used in the city in the Modern Age. The research is focused mainly on obtaining water from the Santa Lucia spring to 19 km in Alcala de Guadaira, its route through the aqueduct, the division for the distribution between different users in the general partition ark and its subsequent distribution to the final destinations. This study aims to develop a hypothesis about the principles of water distribution through the city and to estimate the percentage of water going to each client based on the theoretical concession that should reach each home.

'Lo que diga la asamblea'. El ritual político como fetiche en tiempos de crisis

The current systemic crisis has operated as an opportunity structure on which have crystallized new discourses, new practices and new political structures. The emergence of 15M, Platform for People Affected by Mortgages (PAH) or so-called tides have allowed the visibility of ways of doing politics that make an explicit difference with the practices associated with the political establishment of the 78 regime. Some of the practices popularized by these movements have become assumed by broad segments of the population. Among them, the assembly as a legitimate method of decision making. In this paper we propose an analysis of the assembly as a political ritual, making a description of its organizational logic, principles of legimitacion and formal characteristics. Through ethnographic data collected in the city of Alcala de Guadaira (Sevilla) trace the specific frame of discourses, practices and observable relationships within assemblies organized by the 15M movement. Finally, through these data, we reflect on the political meaning of the ritual in times of crisis.

Impacto de un programa de educación sanitaria en pacientes con fibromialgia

Objectives To assess the impact of a health education program on the quality of life and frequency of clinic visits on patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Material and method A prospective clinical study on a volunteer cohort before a health intervention. Setting Health Centre A Alcala de Guadaira, Seville, Spain, which covers a population of 75,000 inhabitants. The population group was based on the number of patients diagnosed with FM by a rheumatologist or area resident according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology of 1990, who attended our clinic due to their disease in the last year, excluding those who suffered severe rheumatic diseases. A clinical assessment protocol was completed. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Spanish version (SFIQ) was used to assess the quality of life, the Medical Outcomes Study for the perception of social support, and for the evaluation of anxiety-depression symptoms, the Goldberg Anxiety-depression Scale (GADS) was used. Demographic data, occupational aspects, type of sensation, number of clinic visits in the past year for this reason, concomitant illnesses, and type and number of drugs taken. After collecting the data, the sample was randomly distributed into intervention groups. The participants were divided into 6 groups of 12, and they attended four 1-hour sessions of health education per month, at weekly intervals. The sessions contained the following: a) general information on the disease; b) physical-rehabilitation/physical exercise measures and postural hygiene, and c) relaxation techniques (the E. Jacobson technique was used). After one month of intervention, the SFIQ was completed again by all the study participants. The anxiety-depression symptoms were also measured according to GADS. We recorded the frequency of visits for one year after the intervention. Results There were 114 patients diagnosed with FM in our health centre; all were women with a mean age of 43.05 years, with 70% being housewives who did not drink or smoke. A total of 86.8% regularly took anti-inflammatory drugs and/or analgesics, 74.6% antidepressants and 77% tranquillisers, with 25% taking 3 or more drugs simultaneously. The great majority, 89% did not do any regular exercise. The main symptoms referred to were, neck pain, back pain and sleep disorders in 86%. Depression was the most common comorbidity found (86%), followed by anxiety (82%), high blood pressure (64%), and diabetes mellitus (43%). The mean S-FIQ score was 52.51. Half of them had a good social support network, with 3 patients totally lacking support. The mean frequency of visits was 18.35 per year. After the intervention, we found a decrease in the S-FIQ score ( P<0.05) and a reduction of up to 60% in the number of clinic visits for this reason ( P<0.005). There was a notable improvement in the anxiety and depression symptoms ( P<0.005). Conclusions Health education for patients with FM, changes their quality of life perception, increases their knowledge of their disease, thus decreasing their dependency on health services. There is also tendency to decrease anxiety and depression symptoms.

Description and molecular characterisation of Paralongidorus litoralis sp. n. and P. paramaximus Heyns, 1965 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain

Abstract Paralongidorus litoralis sp. n., a new bisexual species of the genus, is described and illustrated by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and molecular studies from specimens collected in a coastal sand dune soil around roots of lentisc (Pistacia lentiscus L.) from Zahara de los Atunes (Cadiz), southern Spain. Paralongidorus litoralis sp. n. is characterised by the large body size (7.5-10.0 mm), a rounded lip region, clearly offset from the body by a collar-like constriction, and bearing a very large stirrup-shaped, amphidial fovea, with conspicuous slit-like aperture, a very long and flexible odontostyle ca 190 μm long, guiding ring located at 35 μm from anterior end, and males with spicules ca 70 μm long. In addition, identification data of a Spanish population of P. paramaximus Heyns, 1965 recovered from sandy soil of a commercial citrus orchard at Alcala de Guadaira (Seville), southern Spain, agree very well with the original description of the species from South Africa. The 18S rRNA and D2 and D3 expansion regions of 28S rRNA gene sequences were obtained for P. litoralis sp. n. and P. paramaximus. Phylogenetic analyses of P. litoralis sp. n. and P. paramaximus rRNA gene sequences and of Longidoridae sequences published in GenBank were done using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. In trees generated from the 18S data set Paralongidorus clustered as an external clade from Longidorus, and in trees generated from D2-D3 of 28S dataset Paralongidorus was monophyletic and nested within Longidorus. Maximum likelihood test supported the hypothesis of validity of the Paralongidorus genus.

Las microfacies carbonatadas neógenas en un sector occidental de la depresión del Bajo Guadalquivir

It sets up limestone microfacies (microfacies A to G) in the neogene calcarenitic materials of Carmona, Alcala de Guadaira and Arcos de la Frontera-Bornos, localizated in the occidental sector of the Guadalquivir Basin. Their analysis allow to define the implantation of a mixed shelf environment, a carbonate ramp in a open marine ambient, during Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene, in such sectors. The composition of these limestones represents the «Foramol» lithofacies. More closely, «molechfor» (Carmona-Alcala de Guadaira) and «bryomol» (Arcos de la Frontera-Bornos). Minimum and medium temperature were < 15 and < 180 oC. Salinity varied between 30-40 ‰ (marine normal salinity). It diferenciates the standard microfacies types SMF 9 and SMF 11 and the facies zone FZ 2 and FZ 6 that respond to shallow waters with open circulation in (or below) wave base and winnowed shelf edges with constant wave action in (or above) wave base, in the Carmona area platform. Ambient energy varied between intermitent (microfacies A) and moderated (microfacies B-C). In Alcala de Guadaira and Arcos de la Frontera-Bornos sectors have been stablished SMF 11, SMF 12 (Shelf edges) and FZ 6. These microfacies are deposited in moderated (microfacies D,E,F) and strongly agitated water (microfacies G). Two shallow subtidal zones with lower boundary at about 30 m (microfacies B-e and F-G) have been delimitated. Limestones are temperate-polar carbonates. Exactly, the carbonate platform is «cold temperate ».