Albizia Species Research Articles

Albizia Odoratisima: Review on Morphology, Pharmacological Activity, Physicochemical, Phytochemical Study and Traditional Uses

A black Siri’s belonging to the Fagaceae family and the Mimosaceae subfamily, Albizia odoratissima Bent (L.F.) is extensively grown in China, India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. It is considered one of the best trees for nitrogen fixation. Albizia odoratissima Bent is used to treat a variety of diseases and conditions (L.F.). It has been used to treat a wide range of diseases such as antidiabetic action. All the Albizia species, Albizia odoratissima exhibits the best anti-diabetic properties. Historically, many plant parts have been used as remedies for conditions like diabetes, asthma, leprosy, bronchitis, cough, skin diseases, and inflammatory pathologies like burns and ulcers. There have been reports of a variety of pharmacological activity, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti inflammatory properties, for different prepared extracts of these plants and their parts. Providing a pharmacognostical description, pharmacological activities, therapeutic value, and uses is the aim of the current review study

A comparative untargeted metabolomic analysis and assessment of antiplasmodial potential of nine Albizia species.

The genus Albizia is one of the richest genera in phenolics besides other classes of secondary metabolites including saponins, terpenes, and alkaloids with promising medicinal applications. In the current study, UHPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS-based metabolic profiling of leaves of Albizia lebbeck, Albizia julibrissin, Albizia odoratissima, Albizia procera, Albizia anthelmintica, Albizia guachapele, Albizia myriophylla, Albizia richardiana, and Albizia lucidior resulted in the tentative identification of 64 metabolites, mainly flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponins, and alkaloids. Some metabolites were identified in Albizia for the first time and could be used as species-specific chemotaxonomic markers, including: apigenin 7-O-dihydroferuloyl hexoside isomers, apigenin 7-O-pentosyl hexoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside 7-O-deoxyhexoside, quercetin 3,7-di-O-hexoside deoxyhexoside, quercetin 7-O-feruloyl hexoside, methyl myricetin 7-O-deoxyhexoside, kaempferol di-3-O-di-deoxyhexoside-7-O-hexoside, and kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside 7-O-hexoside. Comparative untargeted metabolomic analysis was undertaken to discriminate between species and provide a chemotaxonomic clue that can be used together with morphological and genetic analyses for more accurate classification within this genus. Moreover, the in vitro antiplasmodial activity was assessed and correlated to the metabolic profile of selected species. This was followed by a molecular docking study and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) prediction of the identified budmunchiamine alkaloids, revealing promising interactions with the active site of lactate dehydrogenase of Plasmodium falciparum and good pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, which could help in designing novel antimalarial drugs.

Albizia odoratissima: Review on Morphology, Therapeutic uses, Phytochemical study and Pharmacological activities

A member of the Fabaceae family and the black siris of the Mimosaceae subfamily, Albizia odoratissima Benth (L.F.) is regarded as one of the top nitrogen-fixing trees and is widely cultivated in China, India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. Several diseases and conditions have been treated using Albizia odoratissima Benth (L.F.) It has been used in many diseases and several activities including antidiabetic activity. Among All the species of Albizia, Albizia odoratissima has good antidiabetic activity. Traditionally the different parts of plants have to cure treatments for Diabetes, Asthma, Leprosy, Bronchitis, Cough, Skin Diseases and Inflammatory pathologies such as burns, ulcers etc. Different prepared extracts of these plants and their parts have been reported for various pharmacological activities like Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, etc. The goal of the present review study is to provide a Pharmacognostical description, Pharmacological Activities, Therapeutic importance, and uses.

Analysis of the complete plastomes of Albizia kalkora (Roxb.) Prain 1897 (Fabaceae)

Albizia kalkora (Roxb.) Prain 1897, belonging to the family Fabaceae, is not only a landscape tree but also a medicinal plant. At present, few plastomes have been reported from Albizia, which delays the in-depth phylogenomic studies and the development of high-resolution discriminating markers for this genus. Herein, we sequenced the first plastome of A. kalkora by NGS technology. The genome is a circular structure (176,158 bp), containing a large single-copy (LSC) region (91,521 bp), a small copy (SSC) region (5237 bp), and two inverted repeat (IR) regions (39,700 bp each). It has 35.45% GC content and encodes 109 unique genes, which are 76 protein-coding, 4 rRNA, and 29 tRNA genes. The genetic distance analysis of the intergenic spacer regions for A. kalkora, A. odoratissima and A. bracteate shows four intergenic regions with very high K2p values, namely, ccsA-ndhD (15.04), matK-rps16 (10.77), rps11-rpl36 (17.63) and rps3-rps19 (20.08), which can discriminate the three Albizia species. In addition, we identified ten pairs of regions that could be utilized to design primers to discriminate the three Albizia species. The phylogenetic analysis showed Albizia was closely related to Samanea. The results in this study will provide valuable information to elucidate the classification, identification and evolutionary history of Albizia.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry profiling, and evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Albizia spp.

Abstract. Ghosh A, Majumder S, Saha S, Sarkar S, Bhattacharya M. 2021. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry profiling, and evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Albizia spp. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 177-184. Plant resources have been utilized for human welfare since ancient times. Most of the pharmaceutical industry relies on bioactive molecules from plant resources. This research was carried out to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Albizia spp. DPPH assay was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity and well diffusion test by pour plate method was followed for antibacterial assay. Antioxidant activity confirmed that the leaf extracts with chemical contents having solubility in polar solvents showed high free radical scavenging activity. The free radical scavenging activities of bark extracts were lower than the leaf extracts. Leaf extracts of Albizia procera showed the highest scavenging activity (94.77% or 100.66 µg AE/ ml); followed by Albizia odoratissima (93.52% or 99.23µg AE/ ml); Albizia lebbeck (91.68% or 97.13 µg AE/ ml) and Albizia chinensis (89.91% or 95.11 µg AE/ ml). GC-MS analysis of leaf and bark extracts revealed that 15 compounds had been reported to have antioxidant activities such as beta-amyrin, phytol, squalene, vitamin E and 31 compounds had been reported to have antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activity. The antibacterial activities of leaf and bark extracts of four Albizia species showed that leaf extracts of Albizia spp. showed better antibacterial activity compared to bark samples which were compatible with the results found from GC-MS analysis.

Galling: the prevalent form of insect folivory in the latest Neogene monsoon-influenced tropical forests of the Chotanagpur Plateau, eastern India

Indian Cenozoic deposits contain well-preserved diverse angiosperm leaf assemblages, but galling, a common form of angiosperm leaf damage in modern tropical forests, has not been well-documented. Here we report insect herbivory on diverse angiosperm fossil leaf specimens from Pliocene (Rajdanda Formation) sediments of the Chotanagpur Plateau, eastern India, revealing that galling was the most common form of folivory in the latest Neogene monsoon-adapted tropical forests of eastern India. Diverse well-preserved galls are described on the basis of their size, shape and position on the host angiosperm leaf remains. Nine gall damage types (DT 32, DT 33, DT 34, DT 80, DT 83, DT 85, DT 110, DT 120, and DT 144) are identified. They are compared with extant galls and the probable gall inducers making morphologically similar galls on related host tropical plant species of Ficus, Mangifera, Albizia, Galactia, Ziziphus, Hylodesmum, Adina, and Psidium. The gall producers belong to the insect orders Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Diptera (Cecidomyiidae). Although the detailed morphology of the phytophagous insects associated with the recovered fossil leaves is unknown, our findings indicate that many modern plant-insect relationships were likely established by the Pliocene. The reconstructed warm, humid Pliocene climate with a weak monsoon seasonality was conducive to extensive galling activity during this time.

Molecular and phytochemical variability among genus Albizia: a phylogenetic prospect for future breeding.

Fabaceae, the third-largest Angiosperm family, exhibits great morphological diversity with significantly high species diversification rate. Albizia, one of the largest genera of the legume family, possesses high ecological, economical and medicinal application prospects and displays a global distribution. The taxonomic classification among Albizia remains, however, unclear and has been subjected to changes. The resolution of phylogenetic relationships among members of genus Albizia is a priority. Nine Albizia species cultivated in Egypt; Albizia lebbeck, A. julibrissin, A. odoratissima, A. procera, A. anthelmintica, A. guachapele, A. myriophylla, A. richardiana and A. lucida were subjected to molecular classification via DNA fingerprinting techniques viz. Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Start Codon Targeted polymorphism (SCoT) using ten primers, five for each technique. The total number of bands produced by ISSR and SCoT primers was 28 and 40, respectively. The percentage of polymorphism varied from 64.28% in ISSR to 67.50% in SCoT analysis. Additionally, chemotaxonomic analysis was implemented based on UV spectroscopic profiling and total phenolic content coupled to unsupervised chemometric tools; Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). Interspecific relationships were confirmed via molecular and phytochemical analyses between A. procera and A. guachapele; A. lebbeck and A. odoratissima; and A. julibrissin and A. lucida. The study reveals that chemotaxonomic data can reflect phylogenetic relationships among examined Albizia species and provides insights to the significance of utilizing the strengths of both molecular taxonomy and chemotaxonomy to resolve phylogenetic relationship among this genus which offers baseline for breeding programs. Future strategies to enrich taxonomic classification among Albizia includes extensive morphological characterization, DNA barcoding techniques and metabolomic profiling.

Phytochemical Analysis, Multi-Element Composition and Biological Activities of Extracts and Lupenone from Albizia inundata (Mart.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes

In this study, antimicrobial activity of extracts and lupenone from A. inundata (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), were tested. In addition, the multi-element composition of the leaves, bark and stems (heartwood) of A. inundata was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). Lupenone was isolated in the petroleum ether extract of leaves, for the first time. Biological assays were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic) of extracts, their fractions and lupenone. The results showed antimicrobial and antileishmanial activity of these compounds, which may be useful for obtaining a chemical composition and biological activity database on Albizia species. For multi-element composition, we found the mean concentrations (minimum-maximum) of Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, V and Zn in the samples ranged between 0.06 and 265.41 µg g-1. Concentration ranges of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn are large, which makes these samples as additional sources of these macronutrients.

Pharmacognostical standardization of Albizia lebbeck (L.) BENTH (Fabaceae)

Albizia lebbeck (L.) BENTH (Fabaceae), commonly known as Sirisha, traditionally used as astringent, to treat boils, cough, pain, swelling and it is also used against diarrhea. In the present investigation, various pharmacognostical standards for A. lebbeck have been established. Collection of plant material was carried out and its morphological, physico-chemical and phytochemical studies including HPTLC of leaf, root and stem of plant were investigated. Microscopically, leaf of A. lebbeck showed presence of anomocytic stomata, arc shaped and cortical parenchyma. The roots of the plant showed cork cambium, secondary phloem, and calcium oxalate crystals and stem exhibited fibres, parenchyma cells, vessels, stomata, palisade cells and trichomes. Phytochemically, the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of A. lebbeck showed variety of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, saponin, tannin and phenolic compounds. HPTLC profile of ethyl acetate extract revealed up to six phytoconstituents amongst which gallic acid was most prominent. The study concludes that leaves, roots and stem can be differentiated on the basis of macro and microscopic characters, physico-chemical values, HPTLC fingerprint profile and gallic acid detection as marker component. These studies provide referential information for correct identification and standardization of the plant and also be helpful to differentiate A. lebbeck from the closely related other species of Albizia. Keywords: HPTLC, Gallic acid, Pharmacognostical standardization, Phytochemical analysis.

Rapid annotation and structural characterization of saponins in the active fraction of Albizia julibrissin by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry based on accurate mass database.

The purified active fraction of Albizia julibrissin saponin was proved to be a promising adjuvant candidate for vaccine. In this study, a simple, convenient, and practical strategy was established for characterizing the saponins in this purified active fraction. The personal accurate mass database including chemical structure, molecular formula, and theoretical mass was first constructed by collecting 110 reported known saponins from genus Albizia species. The raw data was obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. The potential compounds were extracted from raw data, and matched with the accurate mass databases. A series of saponin compounds were predicted and their chemical structures were characterized by interpreting the tandem mass spectrometry data. A total of 29 saponins including 10 new compounds and 5 first found saponins from A.julibrissin were successfully characterized in this purified active fraction using this new strategy.

Myricitrin and bioactive extract of Albizia amara leaves: DNA protection and modulation of fertility and antioxidant-related genes expression

Context: Albizia species are reported to exhibit many biological activities including antiovulatory properties in female rats and antispermatogenic and antiandrogenic activities in male rats.Objective: The present study investigates the flavonoids of Albizia amara (Roxb.) B. Boivin (Fabaceae) leaves and evaluates their activity on gene expression of fertility and antioxidant glutathione-S-transferase-related genes of treated female mice in addition to their effect on DNA damage.Materials and methods: Plant materials were extracted by using 70% methanol for 48 h, the extract was chromatographed on a polyamide 6S column, each isolated compound was purified by using Sephadex LH-20 column; its structure was elucidated by chemical and spectral methods. Both the leaves extract and myricitrin (200, 30 mg/kg bw/d, respectively) were assayed for their effect on DNA damage in female mice after four weeks treatment using Comet assay. Their modulatory activity on gene expression of fertility (aromatase CYP19 and luteinizing hormone LH) and antioxidant glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-related genes of treated female mice were investigated by real-time PCR (qPCR).Results: Quercetin-3-O-gentiobioside, myricitrin, quercetin-3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol were isolated and identified from the studied taxa. Myricitrin and the extract induced low rate of DNA damage (4.8% and 5%, respectively), compared with the untreated control (4.2%) and significantly down-regulated the expression of CYP19 and LH genes and up-regulated GST gene.Discussion and conclusion: Our results highlight the potential effect of the leaves extract of Albizia amara and myricitrin as fertility-regulating phytoconstituents with ability to protect DNA from damage and cells from oxidative stress.

Purification and Toxicity Study of a Saponin from Seeds of Albizia odorata , a Fabaceae from Madagascar

In order to continue the research of natural compounds of interest such as pesticides and therapeutic molecules in endemic species of Albizia from Madagascar, potentials of Albizia odorata seed extract were assessed. A toxic saponin (saponoside), named Albodorine, was isolated by extraction with hot ethanol or distilled water followed by purification procedure comprising n-butanol partition, precipitation by aceton-diethyl ether (50/50), Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography and silica gel chromatography. All these methods were guided by toxicity tests on mice and homogeneity tests by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Albodorine was thermostable, soluble in water and organic solvents and tasted bitter. Its acidic hydrolysis released glucose, arabinose and rhamnose. Tested on different experimental animal models, it was toxic to warm and cold blooded animals. In mouse, when intraperitoneally administered, it caused acute intoxication mainly presented as hyperpnea, ataxia and terminal seizures before the animal died. Its LD50 was about 9 mg/kg of mouse body weight by intraperitoneal route. In different organs, it caused histopathological lesions characterized by vascular congestions and important hemorrhage in liver, lungs and kidneys. In vitro, it reduced the heart rate and force of contraction of isolated rat atria. It had hemolytic activity. Albodorine showed toxicological properties that could be exploited under certain conditions for the control of harmful organisms.

<i>In vitro</i> immune-modulatory potential of crude extract of leaf of <i>Albizia gummifera</i> against stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear and raw cells

Background: Albizia species including A. gummifera have been used in folk medicine for the treatment of various conditions by many cultural groups. Apart from its anti-parasitic and antimicrobial activity associated with its use, Albizia gummifera have not been investigated for either its anti-inflammatory properties or anti-proliferative effect in vitro.Materials and Methods: Extracted acetone crude extract of plant material was tested for the presence of various secondary metabolites using chemical tests while the anti-proliferative effect against peripheral blood mononuclear were tested using the WST-1 assay. Nitric oxide production by RAW cell line exposed to extract was also tested using Griess assay as well as the production of interleukin- 2 in medium of cultured PMBC using an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.Results: Phytochemical testing of acetone leaf extracted was shown to be positive for flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The extract was shown to dose-dependently inhibited proliferation of mononuclear cells while promoting that of RAW cells (p<0.05). The production of IL-2 by mononuclear cells and nitric oxide release by RAW cells were inhibited and stimulated respectively (p<0.05) in both cell types. The extract was also shown to elicit significant anti- and pro-inflammatory potential at concentration above 20 and 40 μg/ml, in both cell types respectively.Conclusion: Further laboratory research is required to elucidate the anti- and pro-inflammatory biochemical pathways as shown by the in vitro immune-modulatory modalities of this plant species. It is also important to further identify bioactive entities of Albizia gummifera responsible for the observed activities.Key words: Albizia gummifera, cell proliferation, Interleukin-2, nitric oxide, phytochemistry.

Has Ever Brahmaea Ledereri Rogenhofer, 1873 Inhabited the Colchis Refugium

The biogeographical background. There are two refugial centers in Transcaucasia: Colchis (along the Black Sea coast) and Hyrcan (Hyrcania) (along the Caspian Sea shore). Elements from Europe and Asia and their biogeographical subdivisions compose flora and fauna, which combined with the diverse geomorphology (Laurasian, Gondvanian), the presence of the impressive mountain ridge of the Great Caucasus, its insularity during 100 million years (from Cretaceous time), have resulted in a high taxonomic (species, genera) richness and endemism. The both refugiais characterized by a rather uniform thermical indexes, considerably the former one. The both shelters consist of an extraordinary abundance and diversity of thermophilic woody flora (trees, shrubs and vines) belonging to Arcto-Tertiary Geoflora. Except species typical for nemoral biota, there are extremely rare species of tropical-subtropical origin, which became extinct in South Caucasus during the Tertiary (at the close of the Pliocene) climate deterioration. In response to cooling climate and physiographic changes, some rare genera became restricted to both refugia of Transcaucasia. Most of them are now confined chiefly within the Hyrcanianrefugium (species of Albizia, Gleditsia, Panthera, Hystrix). Among the invertebrate fauna of Tertiary origin should be considerably mentioned species of remarkable nocturnal Brahmin moth – Brahmaea Walker. The interdisciplinary study of the orthodox view regarding the vicariant event between two species of moths as thoughthey are indigenous of Colchis (B. ledereri) and Talysh (B. christophi) does not actually exist. The reason circumstances to express such opinion remain important due for a variety of reasons which are given below.

Saponins from Genus Albizia: Phytochemical and Biological Review

Albizia is a large genus that belongs to family Fabaceae; most of Albizia species are rich in triterpenoidal saponins. These species were used in folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatism, stomach ache, cough, diarrhea, wounds, and as an anthelmintic. Many pharmacological activities were reported for the fractions or extracts containing saponins. Also, various pharmacological activities were reported for the pure isolated saponins. This review focuses on the distribution of saponins among the different species of genus Albizia and their pharmacological activities.

Phytotoxic Property of Seed Methanolic Extracts from Albizia (Fabaceae) Endemic Species of Madagascar

Investigations on the phytotoxicity of Albizia species were conducted under laboratory conditions in order to assess their possible use in the control of weeds and invasive plants. The effects of seed methanolic extracts obtained from A. androyensis, A. bernieri, A. divaricata, A. greveana, A. masikororum and A. viridis, all endemic of Madagascar were evaluated against seed germination and early seedling development of vegetables (Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Petroselinum crispum, Brassica sp., Cucumis sp., Allium cepa, Zea maÿs and Oryza sativa). The effects of these extracts on seed germination of weeds (Eragrostis pilosa, and Panicum subalbidum) and invasive plants (Acacia dealbata, Cassia rotundifolia and Pinus kesyia) were also studied. Globally, all the extracts (1 mg/mL) inhibited the seed germination of all the test plants. However, the inhibitory effect varied according to both the Albizia extract and the target plants. Inhibition rates could reach 100%. The extracts (0.45 to 7 mg/mL) also significantly (p<0.05) reduced the length of both epicotyl and hypocotyl and the effects were generally in a dose dependent manner. At the same concentration (7.2 mg/mL) with some extracts, the inhibitory effect was as high as glyphosate, a weed-killer widely used in agriculture. At low concentrations (0.45-0.9 mg/mL) a high stimulatory effect of up to 200% was observed with some extracts. Overall, the results obtained supported the probable involvement of seed secondary metabolites in the allelopathic interactions of Albizia species with other plants and could be exploitable in the control of undesirable plants.

BIOGEOGRAPHY OF THE FAMILY MIMOSACEAE IN SRI LANKA

The objective of the present study was to investigate the geographical distribution of theMimosaceae family In Sri Lanka. Some primary data for the study were obtained during fieldvisits to different places, through personal communications with Ayurvedic doctors and residentsof different geographical areas. Also incorporated were secondary data and information formseveral sources. The distribution of each genus and species was mapped by a GIS to show theirdistribution on a district basis, As the study revealed, the Family Mimosaceae contains ]6Genera (none of them endemic).~ine are indigenous (although they contain some exoticspecies); Acacia. Abarema, Aden mthera, Albizia, Cathormion, Dischrostachys, En tada ,Neptunia and Painteria .The remaining seven genera are exotic; Desmanthus, Leucaena,Mimosa, Pithecellobium, Prosopis. Famanea and Vachellia.The genera Acacia. Albizzia and Mimosa can be considered widely occurring in all zones.Cathormion and Prosopis are confined to the arid zone. Dischrostachys and Pithecllobium are inthe dry and wet zones. Desmanthus. Vachellia, Neptunia and Painteria are confined to the dryzone. Entada, Leucaena, and Samanea are in the dry and intermediate zones. Abarema andA denanthera in the intermediate and wet zones. Acacia is the genus having the largest number ofspecies (19), followed by Albtziatb). Both Abarema and Mimosa contain three species each.Adenanthera and Neptunia have 2 species each. The remaining 10 genera have one species ineach genus.Thus, altogether three are 45 species; six endemic, 19 indigenous and 20 exotic (including,naturalized species). Out of the s-ix endemic species five are in the wet zone. Abaremaabeywickramae, A. bigemina, Aca~ia lankaensis, Albizia lankaensis and A den anth era bicolor.One species, Painteria nitida is confined to the north central and eastern parts of the Dry zone.Out of the 19 indigenous species e.ght are Acacia species mainly in the arid and dry zones.There are four indigenous Albizia species occurring in all zones expect the arid zone. Two areNeptunia species both in the dry zone wetlands. The remaining five are Abarema subcoriaceaand Adanathera pavonina (mid country wet zone), Cathorimion umballatum and Dichrostachyscinera (dry zone) and Entada pusaetha in all zones except the arid zone. Of the twenty exoticspecies ten are Acasias growing in the hill country there is only one exoticA lbizia species and itclose in the mid and low country wet zone. There are Mimosa species one wide, one in the hillcountry and the third invasive (M. pigra). Of the remainning six, Desmanthus virgatus,Pithecellobium dulce and Vachellia farnesianar in the dry zone. Leucaena leucocephala occurswidely. Samanea saman is an avenue tree in dry and wet zones. Prosopis juliflora is invasive,although confined to the arid zone.

Secondary metabolites and bioactivities of Albizia anthelmintica

Background:Albizia species are rich in phenolics and terpenes in the different plant organs. They are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. So this study investigated the phytochemical and biological activities of Albizia Anthelmintica.Materials and Methods:Column chromatography has been performed for the isolation of compounds. Bioactivity studies of A. anthelmintica leaves were carried out on aqueous ethanol extract and some pure compounds were tested for their antioxidant activities.Results:Eight compounds have been isolated for the first time from A. anthelmintica. The aqueous ethanol extract of A. anthelmintica showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity and significant for both analgesic and antioxidant activities. Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-(6β-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and quercetin-3-O-(6β-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) exhibited potent antioxidant scavenging activity towards diphenyl-picrylhydrazine.

Chemical screening of mimosaceae from Senegal for the identification of avicins analogues

Avicins are complex electrophile triterpene glycosides with high anticancer potential, and until now only isolated from an Australian desert tree, Acacia victoriae. In order to discover new avicins analogues, nine Mimosaceae (Leguminosea) from three different genera (Albizia, Acacia and Dischrostachys) collected in Senegal were screened for their saponin content. Chemical analysis of the saponin-enriched fractions using HPTLC-MS, LC-UV, and NMR (1D and 2D) experiments, pointed out the presence of avicins analogues exclusively in Albizia species. These findings confirm that Albizia can be considered as the most reliable genus for the isolation and identification of new acacic acid derivatives from African Mimosaceae.

The effects of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on leafy stem cuttings of four tropical timber species

The effects of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of leafy stem cuttings of Albizia zygia, Blighia welwitschii, Lophira alata andPterocarpus soyauxii were investigated using non-mist propagators. Four hormone concentrations were used; 16000, 8000, 4000 and 0 µg ml-1 (control). Results indicated that Albizia, Blighia and Lophira cuttings rooted best when treated with 16000 µg ml-1 IBA (80, 100 and 40% respectively) and their control cuttings did not root. Pterocarpus stem cuttings treated with 8000 and 4000 µg ml-1 had 100% rooting while those treated with 16000 µg ml-1 and control was 80%. The highest root number was noted in cuttings of the various species treated with 16000 µg ml-1IBA and there were significantly differences only from treatments of Blighia andPterocarpus species. Stem cuttings treated with IBA at 16000 µg ml-1 also gave the fastest rooting time which ranged from 18 to 78 days. Stem cuttings of Blighia,Albizia and Lophira species treated with16000 µg ml-1 IBA also had the longest roots (2.48, 1.23 and 1.45 cm respectively). The longest root length of Pterocarpuswas observed in cuttings treated with 8000 µg ml-1 of IBA (3.72 cm). Vegetative production of seedlings of these species is essential for reforestation programmes. Key words: Timber species, indole -3- butyric acid, leafy stem cuttings, rooting time, percentage rooting.