Development Of Airship Research Articles

ABOUT A NEW LEVEL OF SELF-ORGANIZATION IN THE AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Background. According to the UN FAO recommendations, it is necessary to produce one ton of grain for each inhabitant of the Earth for the production of bread and feed for livestock and poultry farming in order to obtain meat, milk, eggs, etc. However, the current level is 3 times lower, which confirms the relevance of the research.
 Methods and means. In the article, based on a systematic analysis of existing approaches in agriculture, a systematic synthesis of high-tech technological processes in agriculture, as well as fire protection of farmland and forests, was carried out. Examples of modern solutions in this area are given, including monitoring of farmland and forests using unmanned drones, small aircraft and helicopters. The latest developments in the development of airships for these purposes are described, including methods patented by the authors for detecting and fighting fires using gas separation nanotechnology to replace water with atmospheric nitrogen.
 Results. The conditions for self-organization of technological processes in agriculture are determined, on the basis of which the synthesis of the model of an "agro-fire combine-airship" is carried out, which combines "inside itself" not only the functions of fire extinguishing with separated atmospheric nitrogen, but also all agricultural technologies and precision farming techniques - "without tractors, seeders, combine harvesters, trucks and land reclamation systems. The results of the "energy assessment" of the effectiveness of the introduction of domestic innovations in this area are presented.
 Conclusion. As a result of the research, it was concluded that agro-fire combines-airships can implement not only technologies for extinguishing landscape and forest fires, but also have an unrivaled quality in the organization of agriculture, due to the proposed integration of these innovative solutions.

A parametric design approach for multi-lobed hybrid airships

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the research and development of hybrid airships for various applications. Airship design involves multiple design parameters from various disciplines that interact mutually. Existing design methodologies, however, are often limited to fixed shapes and geometry. This paper provides a comprehensive parametric design approach for the sizing of multi-lobed hybrid air vehicles for low- and high-altitude applications. The proposed design techniques are robust so that the designer has the freedom to change the number of lobes, the relative location of lobes, the envelope profile, and the optimiser for the design optimisation process. The outcomes of the proposed methodology are envelope volume, wetted surface area, length and span of the envelope, sizing and layout of the solar array, and sizing and layout of the fins. The modeling techniques highlighted in this paper are very efficient for the design and optimisation of multi-lobed airships in the conceptual design phase with a large design exploration space. The robustness of the shape generation algorithms is tested on some of the standard envelope profiles of airships. The effect of the shape and geometry of the multi-lobed envelope on added mass is demonstrated through the added mass estimation using Boundary Element Method.

Об организационных структурах управления продовольственной и пожарной безопасностью в Центральной Сибири

The article is devoted to the problems of self-organization of science-intensive technological processes in agriculture and fire protection of farmland and forests. Examples of modern solutions in the field of monitoring farmland and forests using unmanned aerial vehicles, small aircraft and helicopters are given. The latest achievements in the development of airships for these purposes are described, including a method patented by the authors for detecting and fighting fires using gas separation nanotechnology to replace the main fire extinguishing agent (water) with atmospheric nitrogen. The conditions for self-organization of technological processes in agriculture are determined. The results of the synthesis of the model of a "fire-agricultural combine-airship", combining "inside itself" not only the functions of fire extinguishing with separated atmospheric nitrogen, but also all agricultural technologies and precision farming equipment - "without tractors, seeders, harvesters, trucks and reclamation systems" are given. Keywords: AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES, AGRICULTURAL AVIATION, ANTI-FIRE AVIATION, MEMBRANE AIR SEPARATORS, INTEGRATION OF SAFETY AND AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, HYBRID AIRSHIPS

A decision support system for multi-stakeholder exploration of the airship design space

Although there have been oscillations in airship interest since their use in the early 1900s, technological advancements and the need for more flexible and environmentally friendly transportation modes have caused a stream of study and surge in airship development in recent years. For companies and governments to understand how airships can be incorporated into their fleets to fulfill new or existing mission types, system design space exploration is an important step in understanding airships, their uses, and their design parameters. A decision support system (DSS), Design Exploration of Lighter-Than-Air Systems (DELTAS), was developed to help stakeholders with this task. DELTAS allows users to design airships and missions to determine how a design will perform in the scenario. As airships are sensitive to elevation and altitude, wind and terrain can also be studied to see how they may affect a mission scenario. Simulations can also be run for a given mission to find the Pareto-optimal designs for user-defined ranges of high-level airship design parameters. A case study is provided that demonstrates how DELTAS can be used to explore the airship design space for a specified mission. This case study shows how a design of experiments is important to more thoroughly cover the design space and to find and understand the relationships between airship design variables that lead to optimal mission times and costs.

Transport Airships for Scheduled Supply and Emergency Response in the Arctic

As climate change progresses, the Arctic Ocean creates opportunities for new resource development and navigation routes. Such economic opportunities are attractive, but carry with them an increased risk of accidents and oil spills. Existing methods of emergency response face enormous challenges in the Arctic because of its lack of transportation infrastructure and support services. Cargo airships offer a practical solution. Many airship designs are proposed that can carry over 30 tons, travel long distances at 150 km per hour, and land close to the emergency site. However, it is difficult to justify the economics of having enough capacity waiting and available to be marshaled in response to infrequent events. One solution is to develop a synergy with a new civilian cargo airship industry that can serve the regular transport needs of remote communities and mining operations. Through contingency contracts with these civilian operations, the Government of Canada could stretch its budgets and have access to the latest airship models and trained crews at locations across the Arctic. This paper gives valuable insight into the development of cargo airships. Advances in technology that make cargo airships a practical option in the 21st century are reviewed, and five competing airship designs are discussed. A case study of an existing rare earth mine proposal is used to illustrate the cost comparison of roads versus airships that could provide contingency services.

A comparative study of conventional and tri-lobed stratospheric airships

Abstract The design and development of Stratospheric Airships for High-Altitude Long-Endurance missions (HALESAs) has generated interest worldwide. Conventional airships usually have a single-lobed axisymmetrical envelope shape. In contrast, several non-axisymmetric envelope configurations have been proposed for the HALESAs, such as flattened single lobed and multi lobed. This paper describes a methodology for carrying out a comparative analysis of a conventional HALESA and the multi-lobed HALESA designed for the same design mission. A sizing methodology which enables the estimation of its design parameters to meet some user-specified requirements has been developed for airships with envelopes of both these shapes. A Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation (MDO) approach has been followed in this methodology, which includes considerations from the disciplines of aerodynamics, energy, environment and structures. The study indicates that the envelope volume, solar array area and total mass of the single-lobed conventional airship are better than those of the tri-lobed HALESA. While the multi-lobed HALESA has the advantage of a flatter upper surface resulting in higher efficiency of the solar panels, the conventional airship has lower drag, which results in superior mission performance.

Comparing private and public approaches to state megaproject implementation: The R100-R101 airship development case study

State support is critical to enhancing a country’s capacity for innovation and for delivering large-scale complex projects where significant upfront investment is required. These megaprojects are high risk due to their size, investment level, time duration and the type of innovation required. Their complexity means that context affects decision-making, innovation approach taken and project implementation. We utilise the 1921 Great Britain Imperial Airship Scheme to examine the impact of environment on the delivery by a State/government firm and a Private firm of a megaproject bound by common technical specifications. Edquist’s System of Innovation (2006) was used to examine the context; Flyvbjerg’s four sublimes (2012, 2014) to examine shifting stakeholder motivations, and Morris and Geraldi (2011) project management levels to critically examine how the megaproject unfolded. We argue the value of using select contemporary theory to deepen understanding of past historical megaproject implementation and perceptions of success.

A shadow identification method using vegetation indices derived from hyperspectral data

ABSTRACTShadows in high-spatial-resolution remote-sensing images become more pronounced. The detection of shadows is an essential requirement for both detailed high-spatial land-cover classification and applications such as three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of buildings as well as cloud removal. This article presents a method for integrating the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and Red Edge normalized difference vegetation index (RENDVI) for shadow identification (IPRSI) using high-spatial-resolution airborne hyperspectral data. This method detects shadows by setting thresholds to the PRI and RENDVI to separate shadows from vegetated and non-vegetated areas. The proposed method outperformed the invariant colour spaces model and the object-based method in terms of shadow extraction accuracy. The overall shadow identification accuracy of the IPRSI was 88.97% with an F-score of 90.96 (81.32% with F-score 81.97 for the invariant colour spaces model and 78.02% with F-score 82.07 for the object-based method). The IPRSI is a potential method with the wide application of hyperspectral data in high spatial resolution that is increasingly easier to be obtained with the development of remote-sensing platforms (such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), small satellites, and airships).

R101 Airship Disaster and the Broken Elevator Cable

HMA R101 came down and was destroyed by fire near to Beauvais, France, with only six survivors, and the disaster ended British involvement in the development of large airships. The conclusions reached by the subsequent Court of Inquiry left some doubt regarding the cause of the crash, and consequently several alternative theories have, from time to time, been published. None have discussed the possible role of the broken elevator cable, largely because the Court of Inquiry concluded that it was irrelevant. The possibility that the broken cable may have been responsible for the disaster is examined here and it is shown that it fits rather well with the physical evidence from the wreck, and computer modelling of the crash confirms that it gives a simpler and more plausible explanation of the disaster. The reasons why the Court of Inquiry rejected it, believing that the cable broke after the crash, are discussed.

Airship Design, Development, and Disaster by John Swinfield (review)

Airship Design, Development, and Disaster by John Swinfield (review)

Modeling and analysis of floating performances of stratospheric semi-rigid airships

In recent years, the study of semi-rigid airship has revived with the development of airships. Semi-rigid airships have some characteristics of rigid airships and non-rigid airships. Due to the flexibility of the envelope of the non-rigid airship, the variation of the temperature of the inner gas will lead to its structure deformation and affect its flight altitude. This paper develops the structural mechanics model, thermodynamic model and dynamic model of the semi-rigid airship, based on which nonlinear finite element analysis is employed for geometrically nonlinear deformation of the airship upper film in consideration of thermodynamics and structural mechanics coupling. Based on the thermal-structural interaction, the thermal characteristics and flight performances of the airship during floating flight are investigated. The 3-D solar radiation and temperature distribution of the airship skin and the temperature variation of the inner gas are presented to investigate the thermal performance of the airship, flight velocity, acceleration and flight altitude are simulated to investigate the flight performance, and the variations of the volume and pressure difference of the inner gas are calculated to provide a basis for structure design. The results of the simulation can be referenced for the design of the semi-rigid airship, and can be used for the further study on the attitude control of the airship during its floating flight.

Development of Real-time Software and Stratospheric Airship

Development of Real-time Software and Stratospheric Airship

ZEPPELIN사의 비행선 개발 및 운용 (2)

ZEPPELIN사의 비행선 개발 및 운용 (2)

ZEPPELIN사의 비행선 개발 및 운용 (1)

ZEPPELIN사의 비행선 개발 및 운용 (1)

輸送用飛行船は小型が経済的 （コペルニクス的転換）

The current view is that airships to be used for transportation would be promising only if they have considerably big scale. But the present author has some doubts. The reason is that numbers of ground crew and airport size expands considerably with airship-scale and that advertisement-income is not taken into account. Only the last factor is considered in this paper. It is found that the advertisement-income would exceed the transportation expenditure for airship of medium to small size. This result will encourage development of airship for commuter transport.

The Medical Investigation of Airship Accidents

A review of the autopsy reports for 18 of 21 victims in 3 of the 4 nonrigid Navy airship accidents during the period 1955 to 1966 revealed that the patterns of injury, complicated by postcrash entrapment, immersion, or fire, are similar to the injuries observed in the low-speed, low-altitude crashes of rigid airships and of light aircraft. With the renewed interest in the development of airships for military purposes, there is a need for improved design related to crashworthiness and to aircrew habitability, safety, restraint, and egress in order to enhance the chance for survival in the event of an accident.

Airship Technology

The main work in the development of airships was done half a century and more ago—yet the potential of airships with improved modern materials and techniques is enormous. Even forty years ago Zeppelins were crossing the oceans to timetables, operating from mooring masts and capable of surviving gales of over 80 mph.

The Engineering Development of Rigid Airships

The Engineering Development of Rigid Airships

Feasibility of Modern Airships: Preliminary Assessment

Attention is given to the NASA program, Feasibility Study of Modern Airships, initiated to investigate potential research and technology programs associated with airship development. A historical survey of the program is presented, including the development of past airship concepts, aerodynamical and design improvements, structure and material concepts, and research in controls, avionics, instrumentation, flight operations, and ground handling. A mission analysis was carried out which considered passenger and cargo transportation, heavy-lift, short-haul applications, surveillance missions, and the transportation of natural gas. A vehicle parametric analysis examined the entire range of airship concepts, discussing both conventional airships and hybrids. Various design options were evaluated, such as choice of structural materials, use of boundary-layer control, and choice of lifting gas.

Airships in the future: Approaching the unknowns

Much of the effort presently invested in the comparatively simple technical development of airships would be better applied to reducing the large economic and market uncertainties associated with airships. It is argued that the determinants of their market success are not just the prices of airship services, but also include the specific characteristics of the transport services offered. A dual approach is suggested to reduce the large uncertainties in the economic estimates. It involves the development and construction of an experimental vehicle, to determine optimal design criteria, and of a simple application vehicle with conventional technology to attain minimum performance standards. Finally, a discussion of the government's role in airship development points to the need for a comprehensive impact-evaluation study of airship development and operation before any funding decision can be made.