AIDS Awareness Research Articles

From Menarche to Menopause: Exploring reproductive health awareness among pakistani women

Introduction: Women's reproductive health knowledge is crucial for their well-being, particularly in LMICs like Pakistan, where cultural barriers often prevent open discussions. This study explores the reproductive health awareness among Pakistani women, focusing on menstruation, contraception, STD prevention, pregnancy, and menopause. Methods: Data were collected from 125 Pakistani women aged 15–49, covering demographics, menstrual knowledge, STD awareness, contraception, AIDS awareness, menopause, and general reproductive health knowledge. Results: Participants, aged 17–46, were mostly married, urban, educated, and from middle-income backgrounds. Only 45.6% knew about menarche before it occurred, and 54% received counseling at its onset. Medical help was preferred for fertility issues, but traditional methods were used for pregnancy termination. While 65.6% were aware of STDs, awareness was higher in urban areas. Only 37% were aware of menopause-related health risks. Contraceptive use was low, with educated women showing better timing knowledge. About 59% knew about AIDS, with media as a primary source. The term “reproductive health” was unfamiliar to 78% of participants. Cultural norms, shyness, and limited sources were reported as major barriers. Discussion: Significant gaps in reproductive health knowledge highlight urban-rural disparities and the influence of cultural barriers. Women sought medical advice for fertility but relied on traditional practices for terminations. Effective educational initiatives could address misconceptions, especially around STDs, contraception, and menopause. Conclusion: Reproductive health education in Pakistan is essential for empowering women. Enhanced programs, culturally sensitive approaches, and accessible platforms are needed to address knowledge gaps, enabling informed decisions and better health outcomes.

Community Education through Local Culture Sawer Bridal

Background: In 2019, Indonesia saw a peak in HIV-AIDS cases with 50,282 reported, and West Java ranked third nationally with 37,205 cases. To address the rising trend, especially in Bandung, this study examines the impact of traditional "sawer" bridal educational videos on the knowledge and attitudes of prospective bridal couples about AIDS. Method: Using a one-group pre-test and post-test design without a control group, this quasi-experimental research involved 50 couples from Bandung. Participants took a pre-test, viewed health message videos about HIV-AIDS, and then took a post-test. Results: The results showed that respondents were between 20 and 35 years old. Among them, 56% were women, 42% had a bachelor's degree, and 54% worked in the private sector. The average knowledge score increased from 78.60 to 92.78, and the attitude score improved from 89.62 to 94.10. A paired T-test showed a significant difference (p-value = 0.001). Thus, traditional "sawer" videos effectively enhance AIDS awareness among brides and grooms. This indicates that education tailored to the cultural context can be more effective in increasing health awareness

Application of ‘CDC- Public Security Bureau-NGO’ Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism Allied AIDS prevention and control in Guigang, Guangxi

BackgroundHIV/AIDS has emerged as a nationwide epidemic and has taken the forefront position as the primary infectious killer of adults in China. The control and prevention of the disease have been hampered by a weak link in the form of heterosexual transmission. However, conventional intervention measures have demonstrated suboptimal efficacy in reducing the incidence of new HIV infections. In light of the current epidemiological characteristics, we have developed and executed an innovative intervention model known as the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the ‘CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO’. The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of this model on the AIDS awareness, HIV infection rates, sexual behavior, and associated factors among female sex workers and elderly clients. Through the provision of robust evidence of the efficacy of this innovative model, we seek to advocate for its implementation in future interventions.MethodsThe research design of this study incorporates both a serial cross-sectional study and time-series analysis from 2014 to 2021, including a 4-year traditional intervention (2014–2017) and the 4-year ‘CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO’ innovative intervention (2018–2021), was conducted to evaluate the effects of the new intervention. The GM(1, 1) model was performed to predict the proportion of HIV infection without implementing the innovative intervention in 2018–2021; P and C values were used to evaluate the performance of the model. Mann-Kendall test and descriptive methods were used to analyzed the trend of traditional and innovative interventions models on HIV positive detection rate in FSWs and elderly clients.ResultsThe condom usage rates during the last commercial sexual encounter for FSWs and elderly clients improved from 74.9% and 9.1%, respectively, to 96.9% and 28.1%. (P < 0.05), newly reported cases of HIV have decreased by 15.56% yearly and the HIV positive detection rate among middle-aged and elderly people has dropped by 14.47%. The innovative intervention model has significantly reduced the HIV infection rates.ConclusionsThe ‘CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO’ innovative intervention has achieved beneficial effects on HIV/AIDS prevention and control and provides a good reference for Guangxi, China.

Analysis of barriers associated with emergency medical service activation in patients with acute stroke and acute myocardial infarction from Zhongjiang County of Sichuan Province in China

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the preferred modes of transportation to the hospital among patients with acute stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as to identify the factors that influence the utilization of ambulances.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study, including patients who were diagnosed with acute stroke and AMI, at the people’s hospital of Zhongjiang, from September 30th, 2022 to August 30th, 2023. All patients were divided into emergency medical service (EMS)-activation group and self-transportation group. Chi-square and t-tests were utilized to discern differences between groups at baseline. To screen relevant variables, we employed the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis using R package glmnet. Subsequently, we performed a logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of EMS activation according the results of LASSO regression.Resultswe collected 929 valid questionnaires. 26.16% of the patients required the services of EMS. 90.9% of individuals have not received any formal first aid education. 42.1% of them reported that they had no understanding of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Diagnosed as AMI (OR 0.22, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.88) or acute cerebral infarction (OR 0.26, 0.10 to 0.68), the distance between the patient and the nearest 120 network hospital when the patient had these symptoms (OR 0.97, 0.94 to 0.99), the patient’s son or daughter was there when the patient was symptomatic (OR 0.58, 0.37 to 0.94), the patient (OR 0.19, 0.05 to 0.72) and the patient’s partner (wife or husband) (OR 0.36, 0.16 to 0.85) had decided that the patient needed further medical help, Among patients who did not seek immediate help after symptom onset, thinking that the symptoms will disappear spontaneously (OR 0.34, 0.13 to 0.92) or not wanting to disturb others (OR 0.06, 0.01 to 0.66) or believing that they are not important symptoms (OR 0.15, 0.05 to 0.42) were factors independently associated with less ambulance use. Age (OR 1.02, 1.00 to 1.04), Stroke patients have experienced symptoms of disturbance of consciousness or convulsions (OR 2.99, 1.72 to 5.2) were independent factors associated with increased ambulance use.ConclusionThere is still ambulance underutilization among patients with acute stroke and AMI in county territory of China. Moreover, it is needed to raise the level of first aid education and awareness about EMS. Additionally, private clinic doctors and the public should gain adequate understanding of the severity of acute stroke and AMI, as well as their common symptoms, the crucial importance of prompt medical intervention. Finally, we propose that all township hospitals should be integrated into the 120 emergency networks and equipped with emergency first aid capabilities, pre-hospital care, and transportation abilities.

STRENGTHENING STUDENT ATHLETES’ SAFETY: EVALUATING THE FIRST AID AWARENESS ON INJURY RESPONSE KNOWLEDGE

STRENGTHENING STUDENT ATHLETES’ SAFETY: EVALUATING THE FIRST AID AWARENESS ON INJURY RESPONSE KNOWLEDGE

An Online-Based Survey to Assess Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers to Perform First Aid after Road Accidents Conducted among Adult Jordanians.

(1) Background: First aid administered during road accidents can save millions of lives. However, the knowledge and attitudes of the Jordanian population towards first aid are lacking. This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to performing first aid among the Jordanian population during road accidents. (2) Methods: An online questionnaire was developed and distributed using various Jordanian social media platforms. The questionnaire collected the participants' sociodemographic details and assessed their first aid knowledge, attitudes toward first aid, and barriers preventing the participants from performing first aid in emergencies. (3) Results: 732 participants participated in this study. The median knowledge score regarding first aid items was 9 (7-10) out of the maximum possible score of 15. The median first aid attitude score was 24 (22-27) out of a maximum possible score of 30. The most commonly reported barrier to performing first aid among the participants was "lack of first aid training" (76.78%), followed by "lack of knowledge about first aid" (75.81%) and "fear of performing first aid" (57.51%). The participants with lower income levels exhibited more negative attitudes towards first aid (4). Conclusions: This study underscores the urgent need for enhanced first aid training and awareness in Jordan. The participants' first-aid knowledge overall was limited, although positive attitudes toward first-aid delivery were observed. The findings emphasize the need for regular and structured first-aid training courses, addressing barriers such as fear and misinformation and ensuring accessibility across all socioeconomic levels to improve preparedness for road traffic accidents and other emergencies. This comprehensive approach can better equip the Jordanian population to effectively manage emergencies and improve public health outcomes.

Dr First Aider: A vertical chatbot for First Aid

The lack of first aid knowledge can have several implications especially in an emergency situation. The delayed or inadequate response may increase the risk of complications and even result in loss of life. In effort to increase preparedness and first aid awareness among the public, a vertical chatbot called Dr. FirstAider is proposed. The objective of Dr. FirstAider is to provide knowledge on recognizing early sign and symptoms of medical conditions or injuries, so the public is able to respond effectively in emergency situations. The prototype of Dr. FirstAider is developed based on the Engati tool and evaluated via a questionnaire among 30 respondents. The feedback received on the usability of Dr. FirstAider are positive with some suggestions for future work such as dedicating specific sections for children or elderly.

Promoting Retention of Native American Nursing Students: Insights From a Qualitative Study.

This qualitative study aimed to identify effective retention strategies for Native American nursing students. Native Americans are underrepresented in nursing and health education programs, comprising only 1.3 percent of the nursing workforce in the United States. A basic qualitative design grounded in self-determination theory was used to solicit narrative accounts from 12 Native American nursing students. Semistructured interviews revealed three themes: nursing program experience, methods to enhance persistence, and hindrances to persistence. Social support emerged as a critical factor, with participants emphasizing the significance of cultural awareness activities, safety classes, and celebrations fostering a sense of belonging. The study found that social support, financial aid, and cultural awareness are essential for Native American nursing students to succeed. Limited resources and online learning challenges are barriers that need to be addressed. Tailored support systems, financial assistance, and culturally responsive education can enhance retention and success rates.

An Institutional Survey to Assess and Create Awareness of Inter-dental Cleaning Aids among the Patients Visiting a Dental Hospital in Ahmedabad.

To assess and evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and usage of inter-dental aids among the patients visiting a dental hospital. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among patients using a questionnaire for evaluation of routine oral hygiene regimens. 89% of patients brush their teeth only once a day. 77% of patients do not use any inter-dental aid, while 76% of patients are unaware about inter-dental aids. A very small part of the population is aware about the importance of using inter-dental aids in maintaining proper oral hygiene. Dentists play a key role in educating the society and encouraging them to use other aids apart from toothbrushes to prevent oral diseases.

Sexual Behaviours and Awareness of HIV and AIDS among Migratory People

In the context of Nepal, where the epidemiological status of HIV&amp;AIDS is presumed to be in its early stages, a growing body of evidence indicates that HIV is emerging as a significant public health concern in the country. In response, both governmental and non-governmental entities have formulated strategic plans and policies to combat the pervasive impact of HIV &amp; AIDS. The imperative for educational institutions is to comprehensively disseminate information to both the youth and the broader community, fostering knowledge, motivational skills for self-protection against HIV &amp; AIDS, and cultivating an attitude of non-discrimination and care for individuals living with HIV &amp; AIDS. This field-based study focuses on exploring sexual behaviors and awareness regarding HIV &amp; AIDS among migratory populations in the Khatyad Rural Municipality of the Mugu district, Nepal. Employing a descriptive and qualitative research design, the study underscores the examination of sex behaviors, knowledge levels, and attitudes prevalent among migratory individuals concerning HIV &amp; AIDS. The findings of this research can serve as valuable insights for policymakers in devising strategic plans and for education specialists in crafting targeted HIV &amp; AIDS education initiatives within educational frameworks. Primary data for the study were gathered directly from the field, with a study population comprising 80 migratory individuals aged 15-60 years. The majority of these individuals were found to be married but lacking formal education. Approximately half of the respondents were aware of HIV &amp; AIDS, with education correlating to awareness of preventive measures. A subset of respondents (14%) reported engagement in pre-marital sexual practices. The study unveiled a general lack of awareness among migratory individuals regarding HIV &amp; AIDS, with insufficient knowledge on the subject. Notably, a few educated respondents exhibited a positive attitude towards individuals living with HIV. Consequently, the study identifies HIV &amp; AIDS as a critical public health issue requiring immediate attention.

Epilepsy first aid awareness among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting more than 50 million human lives of all ages, its social, physical and psychological implications is of huge concern. The current study and as a continuation of epilepsy knowledge assessment projects conducted by our research team is aimed to assess the knowledge of healthcare workers regarding epilepsy first aid in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out from 2020 to 2021. During the study period, 272 healthcare workers were recruited; participants were males and females from different nationalities in various Saudi Arabian cities, possess diverse qualifications, and belong to several healthcare-related professions. The question, "Did you witness an epileptic seizure"? was answered as "Yes" by 42% of participants, and in response to the question "If you know that this patient struggles during seizure attacks," 58% of respondents stated that they would not call an ambulance. Moreover, the question "Put something in his/her mouth to prevent tongue biting" was incorrectly answered as "Yes" by 42% of respondents, and the question "Try to catch him/her and stop his/her movement" in order to control the attack was answered "Yes" by 21% of respondents. Furthermore, almost 90% of healthcare participants do not know how to use the Vagus Nerve Stimulation device. The mean knowledge score among participants was 23.7; sex, as well as type of higher qualification obtained, was found to be significantly associated with the score of knowledge. Knowledge toward epilepsy and epilepsy first aid among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia was found fragile. Further research is appreciated to support the current findings.

Investigation on AIDS Awareness and Testing Willingness among Freshmen in 4 Higher Vocational Colleges in Chongqing City

Investigation on AIDS Awareness and Testing Willingness among Freshmen in 4 Higher Vocational Colleges in Chongqing City

Perception of Clinical Students on the Care of HIV Positive Patients: A Study of Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State

Background: Perception of (Nursing, Medicine and Medical Laboratory) Students on the care of HIV positive patient is a concern for nurse educators and staffs in facilities where students are posted to and it has the potential to greatly influence the quality of patient care and thus the overall image of the profession and even health workers, thus this is a study on the perception of students on the care of HIV positive patients in Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to show the importance of student’s perception and care for HIV positive patients which will either lead to facilitating the healing of the HIV positive patient. As promulgated by the American Journal of health promotion since 1986. Therefore, it is essential that health workers, including students in training who are agents of health promotion to patients including HIV positive patients have a role to play in facilitating the healing process of HIV positive patients and at such should be well informed about the disease and measures of caring for patients with the disease. Hence the need for this study. Methodology: the study utilized questionnaire of 21 questions which is sectioned into four (i.e. A-D) with section A consisting of 6 questions, section B, 9 question, section C, 3 questions and section D, 5 questions. These questions was distributed to 120 respondents comprising of nursing, medicine and medical Laboratory students doing their posting at Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Data were collected and analysed using tables with a simple calculation of frequencies and percentages. Results: The results from the study revealed that student nurses, medicine students and medical laboratory students have a variety of perception about HIV and AIDS problem. Majority of the students stigmatize AIDS patients as they felt uncomfortable and afraid when caring for patients with HIV/AIDS. They fear infection through accidental pricks. Conclusion: Hospitals should also provide adequate protection for students and staff so that students do not fear handling HIV and AIDS patients. There is need for continuous and particularly HIV and AIDS awareness programs to inculcate in them the importance of taking precautionary measures to avoid been infected with the virus. Keywords: Clinical students, HIV/AID, FMC, Questionnaire, perception.

The Distribution and Associated Factors of HIV/AIDS Among Youths in Guangxi, China, From 2014 to 2021: Bayesian Spatiotemporal Analysis.

In recent years, the number of HIV/AIDS cases among youth has increased year by year around the world. A spatial and temporal analysis of these AIDS cases is necessary for the development of youth AIDS prevention and control policies. This study aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution and associated factors of HIV/AIDS among youth in Guangxi as an example. The reported HIV/AIDS cases of youths aged 15-24 years in Guangxi from January 2014 to December 2021 were extracted from the Chinese Comprehensive Response Information Management System of HIV/AIDS. Data on population, economy, and health resources were obtained from the Guangxi Statistical Yearbook. The ArcGIS (version 10.8; ESRI Inc) software was used to describe the spatial distribution of AIDS incidence among youths in Guangxi. A Bayesian spatiotemporal model was used to analyze the distribution and associated factors of HIV/AIDS, such as gross domestic product per capita, population density, number of health technicians, and road mileage per unit area. From 2014 to 2021, a total of 4638 cases of HIV/AIDS infection among youths were reported in Guangxi. The reported incidence of HIV/AIDS cases among youths in Guangxi increased from 9.13/100,000 in 2014 to 11.15/100,000 in 2019 and then plummeted to a low of 8.37/100,000 in 2020, followed by a small increase to 9.66/100,000 in 2021. The districts (counties) with relatively high HIV/AIDS prevalence among youths were Xixiangtang, Xingning, Qingxiu, Chengzhong, and Diecai. The reported incidence of HIV/AIDS among youths was negatively significantly associated with road mileage per unit area (km) at a posterior mean of -0.510 (95% CI -0.818 to 0.209). It was positively associated with population density (100 persons) at a posterior mean of 0.025 (95% CI 0.012-0.038), with the number of health technicians (100 persons) having a posterior mean of 0.007 (95% CI 0.004-0.009). In Guangxi, current HIV and AIDS prevention and control among young people should focus on areas with a high risk of disease. It is suggested to strengthen the allocation of AIDS health resources and balance urban development and AIDS prevention. In addition, AIDS awareness, detection, and intervention among Guangxi youths need to be strengthened.

Reference ranges for body composition indices by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study Cohort

BackgroundBody composition assessment aids evaluation of energy stores and the impact of diseases and interventions on child growth. Current United States pediatric reference ranges from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) include 20% of children with obesity, body mass index of ≥95th percentile. ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) based reference ranges in a diverse cohort with low-obesity prevalence from the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS). MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a longitudinal, prospective, observational cohort. Healthy children (height and BMI within 3rd to 97th percentiles, ages 5–19 y at enrollment), from 5 United States centers were measured annually for ≤7 visits. Whole body scans were acquired using Hologic scanners. A subsample underwent repeat measurements to determine precision. We generated reference ranges for appendicular and total lean soft tissue mass index (LSTM Index), fat mass index (FMI), and other body composition measures. Resulting curves were compared to NHANES and across subgroups. Sex and age-specific equations were developed to adjust body composition Z-scores for height Z score. ResultsWe obtained 9846 scans of 2011 participants (51% female, 22% Black, 17% Hispanic, 48% White, 7% Asian/Pacific Islander, and 6% with obesity). Precision (percent coefficient of variation) ranged from 0.7% to 1.96%. Median and–2 standard deviation curves for BMDCS and NHANES were similar, but NHANES +2 standard deviation LSTM Index and FMI curves were distinctly greater than the respective BMDCS curves. Subgroup differences were more extreme for appendicular LSTM Index-Z (mean ± SD: Asian −0.52 ± 0.93 compared with Black 0.77 ± 0.87) than for FMI-Z (Hispanic 0.29 ± 0.98 compared with Black −0.14 ± 1.1) and were smaller for Z-scores adjusted for height Z-score. ConclusionsThese reference ranges add to sparse normative data regarding body composition in children and adolescents and are based on a cohort with an obesity prevalence similar to current BMI charts. Awareness of subgroup differences aids in interpreting results.

Evaluation of Factors Affecting Hearing Aid Use in Children.

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting hearing aid use in children and investigate how these factors affected their subjective auditory performance. The study was carried out with 34 children aged three to six years who had mild or moderate sensorineural hearing loss and had used a bilateral hearing aid for at least six months. The daily hearing aid usage times of children were collected with the help of data logging software. Parent-child interactions were assessed with the Maternal Behavior Rating Scale (MBRS) and Child Behavior Rating Scale (CBRS) scores. To assess the parents' levels of knowledge about hearing devices, the Hearing Aid Awareness Question Form for Parents, which was prepared by the researchers, was used. Finally, to evaluate the subjective hearing performance of the children, the Parents' Evaluation of Aural/Oral Performance of Children (PEACH) survey was implemented. Strong and significant correlations were found between the MBRS and CBRS scores, the results obtained from some questions in the Hearing Aid Awareness Question Form for Parents, the overall PEACH score, the QUIET subscale score, and the NOISE subscale score (p<0.001). According to the multivariate linear regression analyses, it was observed that the use of the pediatric clip hearing aids holder (question 17) had a significant effect in decreasing both the overall PEACH score (β=-3.07, p=0.008) and the PEACH-NOISE subscale score (β=-1.88, p=0.012). A unit increase in the score given to question 24 of the Hearing Aid Awareness Question Form for Parents (i.e., using the hearing aids longer) caused a 2.35-fold increase in the PEACH-NOISE subscale score, a 1.74-fold increase in the PEACH-QUIET subscale score, and a 4.06-fold increase in the overall PEACH score. Parent-child interaction and parents' knowledge about hearing aid use are important factors affecting hearing aid use in children. These factors also affect the children's subjective auditory performance. Parents should be given detailed information about hearing aid use and be more sensitive and responsive in their interactions with their children.

A qualitative inquiry of experiences of HIV-related stigma and its effects among people living with HIV on treatment in rural Kilifi, Kenya.

The pervasiveness of HIV-related stigma and discrimination, and its consequences on HIV prevention and treatment, have been well documented. However, little is known about the lived experiences of HIV-related stigma and its effects among the general adult population living with HIV in rural African settings. This study set out to explore this knowledge gap. From April to June 2018, we conducted in-depth interviews with a convenience sample of 40 adults living with HIV aged 18-58 years in Kilifi, Kenya. A semi-structured interview guide was used to explore experiences of HIV-related stigma and its impact on these adults. A framework approach was used to analyze the data using NVIVO 11 software. Participants reported experiences of HIV-related stigma in its various forms (anticipated, perceived, internalised, and enacted), as well as its effects on HIV treatment and social and personal spheres. The internalisation of stigma caused by enacted stigma impacted care-seeking behavior resulting in worse overall health. Anxiety and depression characterized by suicidal ideation were the results of internalised stigma. Anticipated stigma prompted HIV medication concealment, care-seeking in remote healthcare facilities, and care avoidance. Fewer social interactions and marital conflicts resulted from perceived stigma. Overall, HIV-related stigma resulted in partial and non-disclosure of HIV seropositivity and medication non-adherence. At a personal level, mental health issues and diminished sexual or marital prospects (for the unmarried) were reported. Despite high awareness of HIV and AIDS among the general population in Kenya, adults living with HIV in rural Kilifi still experience different forms of HIV-related stigma (including self-stigma) that result in a raft of social, personal, and HIV-treatment-related consequences. Our findings underscore the urgent need to reevaluate and adopt more effective strategies for implementing HIV-related anti-stigma programs at the community level. Addressing individual-level stigma will require the design of targeted interventions. To improve the lives of adults living with HIV in Kilifi, the effects of HIV-related stigma, particularly on HIV treatment, must be addressed.

Investigation of the relationship between first aid awareness and altruism in students receiving education in the field of health

Giriş ve amaç: Kaza ve yaralanma gibi acil durumlarda ilk yardımın uygulanması, mortalite ve morbiditeye karşı büyük avantaj sağlamaktadır. Toplumun ve özellikle sağlık hizmeti sunumunda yer alanların ilk yardım bilgi ve farkındalığının yüksek olması beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada sağlık eğitimi alan öğrencilerin ilk yardım farkındalığının ve özgecilik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ayrıca sosyodemografik özelliklere göre bu değişkenlerin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.&#x0D; Gereç ve yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışma Ankara’da bir vakıf üniversitesinde sağlık meslek yüksekokulu öğrencileriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya 543 öğrenci katılmış olup katılım oranı %49,7’dir. Veri toplama aracı olarak sosyodemografik özellikler formu, İlk Yardım Farkındalık Ölçeği ve Özgecilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizi SPSS 23.0 istatistik programı ile yapılmıştır.&#x0D; Bulgular: Araştırmamızda katılımcıların yaş aralığı (18-35 yıl) olup, yaş ortalaması 20,17±2,23’dür. Katılımcıların %67,7’sinin kadın olduğu, %65,7’sinin ilk yardım dersi aldığı ve %5,6’sının ilk yardım sertifikasına sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin ilk yardım farkındalığı için (2,35±1,1) puan, özgecilik için (63,3±4,5) puan aldığı bulunmuştur.&#x0D; Sonuç: Öğrencilerin özgecilik düzeylerinin yüksek, ilk yardım farkındalığının ise düşük düzeyde olduğu bulunmuştur. Kadınların, ilk yardım dersi alanların ve ilk yardım sertifikası olanların ilk yardım farkındalığının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadınların erkeklere göre özgecilik düzeyleri daha yüksektir. İlk yardım farkındalığı ile özgecilik arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu ve özgeciliğin ilk yardım farkındalığının düşük düzeyde de olsa yordayıcısı olup %3’ünü açıkladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İlk yardım eğitimleri daha etkili hale getirilmeli ve güncelleme eğitimleri planlanmalıdır.

Community Advanced First Aid Training for Day-to-Day Emergency and Disaster Response in Nepal

Introduction:Nepal is a country with geographical difficulties in tackling day-to-day emergency healthcare and disaster preparedness. The aim is to develop community preparedness by training for day-to-day emergency and disaster response in Nepal to generate preventive and first aid awareness of consequences and complications of simple to severe emergency conditions during day-to-day emergencies and disasters.Method:It is an analysis of five years of advanced first-aid training at the Nepal Disaster and Emergency Medicine Center from July 2015 to March 2020. In April 2015, the earthquake affected 15 districts of Nepal.Results:During July 2015 to March 2020, NADEM has been training 3,995 Community First Aiders for Male Leaders and Active Community people: 1,315 special mothers’ group–Adolescent Maternity &amp; Child Health First Aiders; 794 Ambulance Drivers–Advanced First Aid Trained of remote districts of Mountain and hilly region’s ambulance’s Drivers and Assistants ; 637 ToT First Aiders for Community School Teachers (Training of Trainers); Total AFAT Trained by NADEM = 6,741 (Province 1 to 5); Total Population AFAT Trained = 52,610 (Province 1 to 5); Total Population Benefit by AFAT = 902,100 and its ongoing. NADEM Study Reports of Nepali community with ‘Incident Rate of First Aid Required’ is 9% per day with First Aid Services for 87.4% minor causes, 5.4% major causes, 0.5% gynecological causes, 1.7% AMCH causes, 4.5% trauma causes, 0.5% Prehospital Cardiac Arrest. With NADEM advanced first-aid training, now we are preventing 70% of deaths in remote parts of those districts before reaching the health care centers.Conclusion:It is a great challenge to train community laypersons to be Community First Aiders who can tackle day-to-day emergencies and disasters in their community with knowledge, skills practice, and attitude to prepare and prevent the increased tendencies of disability, deformity, morbidity, and mortality in Nepal.

Atypical Overlapping Features Complicating Diagnoses of Dysferlinopathy and Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy. (P6-8.006)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To present overlapping features and atypical characteristics of dysferlinopathy and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM). <h3>Background:</h3> Dysferlinopathy typically presents with early onset progressive muscle weakness that can be proximal or distal. Definitive diagnosis is made with DYSF gene testing. Treatment is supportive. IMNM is an autoimmune inflammatory myopathy that affects older individuals and is often associated with occult malignancy. Aggressive immunotherapy improves outcomes. Muscle biopsy (MBx) reveals inflammatory infiltrates in both conditions. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> N/A <h3>Results:</h3> <h3>Case 1:</h3> A 35-year-old man presented with subacute progressive limb weakness and elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) &gt;8,000 units/L. MBx showed necrotizing myopathy and sarcolemmal C5b-9 staining; dystrophy stains were omitted due to the patient’s age and subacute symptoms. Anti-signal recognition peptide (SRP) and anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) antibodies and malignancy screen were negative. The patient was initially diagnosed with seronegative IMNM and treated with steroids, methotrexate and IVIG without improvement. He was subsequently diagnosed with dysferlinopathy based on genetic testing showing double heterozygous pathogenic DYSF gene mutations. <h3>Case 2:</h3> An 18-year-old man presented with 3-years of progressive proximal limb weakness associated with Gower’s sign and elevated CPK &gt;10,000 units/L. Broad muscular dystrophy genetic testing was negative. MBx showed necrotizing myopathy and sarcolemmal C5b-9 staining suggestive of IMNM. Anti-SRP and anti-HMGCR antibodies, serum paraneoplastic panel, and malignancy screening with tumor markers, contrasted CT imaging, and scrotal ultrasound were negative. The patient was diagnosed with early-onset seronegative IMNM. CPK improved and symptoms stabilized with prednisone, methotrexate and IVIG therapy. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Dysferlinopathy and IMNM can have overlapping clinical features and MBx findings. Heightened awareness of atypical features aids in timely diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis of dysferlinopathy based on genetic testing limits further invasive workup and the side effects of ineffective empiric therapy, whereas early diagnosis of IMNM allows for prompt immunotherapy which is shown to improve prognosis. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Stout has nothing to disclose. Dr. Su has nothing to disclose.