AHP System Research Articles

Vespa Motorcycle Lighting Modification Using AHP System With Fullwave Ignition

This study focuses on the modification of Vespa motorbike lighting by implementing the Aho system with Fullwave charging. The process involves replacing the regulator cable line with a Honda Tiger regulator to convert the AC lighting system to full wave. Additionally, the upgrade includes replacing the halfwave regulator with a fullwave kiprok type using 4 diode bridges to convert AC to DC current efficiently. LED lamps are also substituted for their energy efficiency and optimal performance with DC current. The research emphasizes the importance of enhancing lighting systems for motorcycle safety and compliance with traffic regulations. The findings highlight the benefits of these modifications in improving lighting efficiency and overall safety for Vespa motorbike users.

An integrated approach to occupational health risk assessment of manufacturing nanomaterials using Pythagorean Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy Inference System

Nanomaterials (NMs) have the potential to be hazardous owing to their unique physico-chemical properties. Therefore, the need for Health Risk Assessment (HRA) of NMs is expanding. In this study, a novel HRA was developed by the Pythagorean Fuzzy Health Risk Assessment (PFHRA) approach. Risk is considered to be the outcome of parameters including Occurrence Likelihood (OL), Potential Exposure (PE) and Toxic Effects (TE). In our proposed method, priority weights of sub-factors in Pythagorean Fuzzy-Analytical Hierarchical Process (PF-AHP) were determined by pairwise comparison based on expert judgment. After determining parameter scores, both RM and risk class (i.e., negligible, minor, major and critical) were reported as Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) output. Ultimately, a risk management strategy is presented for NMs manufacturing workplaces. This proposed method provides experts with more flexibility to express their opinions. The PFHRA approach was applied for two scenarios. The production scenario for SiNPs can create minor (5%) and major (95%) occupational health risks; the production scenario for ZnONPs can create minor (100%) concerns. However, the production SiNPs and ZnONPs utilizing the CB Nanotool technique had a major and minor risk class, respectively. The results of the present study confirmed the reliability and applicability of this approach.

Performance Evaluation of Phenol-Resin-Based Adsorbents for Heat Transformation Applications.

Phenol resins (PRs) are considered as relatively inexpensive adsorbents synthesized from agricultural biomass via employing a variety of synthesized procedures. The performance of PR for heat transformation application is not widely investigated. In this regard, the present study aims to evaluate the four PR derivative/refrigerant pairs, namely (i) KOH6-PR/CO2, (ii) SAC-2/HFC, (iii) KOH4-PR/ethanol, and (iv) KOH6-PR/ethanol, for adsorption cooling and adsorption heating applications. Ideal cycle analyses and/or thermodynamic modelling approaches were utilized comprising governing heat and mass balance equations and adsorption equilibrium models. The performance of the AHP system is explored by means of specific cooling energy (SCE), specific heating energy (SHE), and coefficient of performance (COP), both for cooling and heating applications, respectively. It has been realized that KOH6-PR/ethanol could produce a maximum SCE of 1080 kJ/kg/cycle and SHE of 2141 kJ/kg/cycle at a regeneration temperature (Treg) and condenser temperature (Tcond) of 80 °C, and 10 °C, respectively, followed by KOH4-PR/ethanol, SAC-2/HFC-32, and KOH6-PR/CO2. The maximum COP values were estimated to be 1.78 for heating and 0.80 for cooling applications, respectively, at Treg = 80 °C and Tcond = 10 °C. In addition, the study reveals that, corresponding to increase/decrease in condenser/evaporator pressure, both SCE and SHE decrease/increase, respectively; however, this varies in magnitude due to adsorption equilibrium of the studied PR derivative/refrigerant pairs.

Research on the Issue of EDPs Based on the AHP System Model

This paper aims to study issues concerning environmentally displaced persons (EDPs) and immigration policies. The author successfully figured out the number of EDPs, analyzed the cultural risks faced by their nations, formulated a specific immigration policy, evaluated and improved it by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process model (AHP), Long short-term memory (LSTM), Difference-driven algorithm and the combination weighting method.

Evaluation of an aerosolized hydrogen peroxide disinfection system for the reduction of Clostridioides difficile hospital infection rates over a 10 year period

BackgroundClostridioides difficile infections (CDI) cause significant morbidity and mortality in healthcare facilities worldwide. We examined the use of an aerosolized hydrogen peroxide (aHP) disinfection system for reduction of CDI rates. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of CDI rates at an acute care facility over a 10-year period. The first 5-year period investigated the before and after implementation of an aHP system followed by another 5-year period of continued use on CDI rates. ResultsThe before and after period showed a reduction in CDI rates from 4.6 per 10,000 patient days down to 2.7 per 10,000 patient days after implementation (P < .001). The second study period for the continued aHP use exhibited a consistent decrease in CDI rates to 1.4 per 10,000 patient days at the end of the study. ConclusionsThe addition of a touchless aHP whole room disinfection system as part of terminal cleaning resulted in a significant reduction in CDI rates that have been sustained year after year.

Factors contributing and promoting Open Innovation in Indian female-owned Food Processing SMEs- Prioritizing through the AHP technique

The prime motivation behind this investigation is to recognize and organize the different factors connected to Open Innovation in the already up and running from last five years Indian female owned SMEs in Food Processing Industry. Fifteen Indian female owners were chosen. An AHP system was utilized to examine the weight of basic elements leading towards Open Innovation. All things considered, the respondents organized advancement technique, opportunity acknowledgment, money and inspiration as the principle criteria that leads to Open Innovation in Indian females owned SMEs in Food Processing. COVID-19, gender gap, raising inner and outer funds were likewise observed as a hindrance ladies face that usually would keep them away from innovative tasks performed for business. The result of this examination is giving policymakers in India food for thought regarding the significance of the factors connected to development of Indian female owned SMEs in Food Processing Industry and will be able to move towards sustainable development goals- Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and Goal 5 (gender equality) which is required for the economic development of the country. This will assist them with systemizing and organizing the basic, advancement of open innovation factors in Indian female owned Food Processing SMEs, which will give a boost to the contribution of Indian females in the financial development of India, which a developing country currently.

Effectiveness of ultraviolet-C vs aerosolized hydrogen peroxide in ICU terminal disinfection

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 10% of patients with healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) died during hospitalization in 2015. Thus, a reduction in the prevalence of HAIs is critical. One strategy to achieve this is the adequate disinfection of patient rooms within hospitals. To compare the effectiveness of an ultraviolet-C (UV-C) room sanitizer with an aerosolized hydrogen peroxide (aHP) device for the elimination of selected healthcare-associated (HA) pathogens and other HA organisms in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. The disinfection systems were tested on the following organisms: meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida auris. Media plates with known densities of each organism were placed at preselected regions within an ICU room. The mean kill rate was determined for each organism. Additionally, swabs were taken from five high-touch areas from different ICU rooms prior to manual cleaning, following manual cleaning, and following each disinfection method in order to compare their effectiveness. The UV-C device achieved a 96.75% mean microbial reduction in non-shaded areas. It was significantly less effective in shaded areas. The aHP system achieved a mean kill rate of 50.71% for all areas. The swab results revealed that 15% of manually cleaned surfaces still harboured a microbial load, which was eradicated after use of either of the no-touch disinfection systems. This study found notable differences between two no-touch disinfection methods, highlights their effectiveness, and advocates for their incorporation alongside a manual cleaning regimen.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Two Automated Room Decontamination Devices Under Real-Life Conditions.

To evaluate the effectiveness of automated room decontamination devices, a common aerosolized hydrogen peroxide (aHP) as well as a recent gaseous ozone-based device, which produces the disinfectant reagent without the need of consumables, were tested under real-life conditions. Twenty-two contaminated surfaces were positioned in different areas in a patient room with adjacent bathroom and anteroom. Following the decontamination process bacteria were recovered and reduction factors were calculated after performing quantitative culture. Following the manufactures instructions, the ozone-based device displayed a bactericidal effect (log10 > 5), whereas the aHP system failed for a high bacterial burden and achieves only a complete elimination of a realistic bioburden (log10 2). After increasing the exposure time to 30 min, the aHP device also reached a bactericidal effect. Nevertheless, our results indicate, that further research and development is necessary, to get knowledge about toxicity, efficacy and safety by using in complex hospital conditions and achieve meaningful integration in cleaning procedures, to reach positive effects on disinfection performance.

Experimental assessment of a detachable plate falling film heat and mass exchanger couple using lithium bromide and water as working fluids

Abstract Absorption heat pumps and absorption heat exchangers play an important role in the district heating in China. However, the structure of existing systems leads to weaknesses such as low heat transfer performance and large areas. A detachable plate-type falling film heat and mass exchanger (HMX) couple utilizing lithium bromide (LiBr) and water as working fluids are proposed to address these problems. The performance of the first-generation prototype left room for improvement, with the overall heat transfer coefficient ranging from 0.4 to 0.7 kW·m−2·K−1 under generator-condenser conditions. In addition, working conditions could not be established under absorber-evaporator conditions. Optimization of the structure of the liquid distributor in the heat exchanger is also accomplished through this research. The overall wetting rate of the heat exchange plate exceeds 90% during the design flow rate. The liquid distributor for the first-generation prototype is optimized using this method, and the performance of the system is tested. The average heat transfer coefficient of condenser rises to the level of 1 kW·m−2·K−1 during the generator-condenser condition. Furthermore, the absorber-evaporator condition can be established, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the absorber ranges from 0.235 to 0.422 kW·m−2·K−1. The results of the improved HMX couple improve the feasibility of this system, reduce the size of the AHP system, and improve the heat transfer performance.

The most critical issues and challenges of fire safety for building sustainability in Jakarta

Fire incidents negatively affect the function and sustainability of buildings. This study aimed to determine the most critical issues and challenges associated with fire protection for building sustainability in Jakarta. Fifty high-rise buildings were observed and analyzed. Data were processed using the AHP, OMAX, and traffic light system methods. The results indicate that, in terms of building fire protection systems, only 42% of the total number of high-rise buildings in Jakarta are reliable, while 40% are less reliable and 18% are not reliable. The main issues are unavailability of access for fire officers and poor roads. The inconsistencies are also related to the poor performance of the active and passive protection system, which in most cases fails to function in accordance with fire safety standards. The results of this study are useful for increasing the awareness and concern of interested parties in building sustainability.

Optimization of multi-objective quality of TWBs square box deep-drawing process parameters

There are many process parameters involved in the deep drawing of TWBs. Each parameter has different effects on the forming quality and intercrosses each other. It is difficult to establish the relationship between the process parameters and forming quality in traditional methods. The TWBs square box part of the same material with different thickness was taking as the research object, and the common defects of the deep drawing forming part was analysed. The forming process was simulated by using finite element software DYNAFORM, considering five factors, including the thickness combination, the friction coefficient, the punch and die corner radius, the three types of variable blank holder force loading method, as well as the intercross between the variable blank holder force loading method and other factors on the forming quality of the TWBs square box part. The orthogonal test was designed to determine the important order of the various factors under different indicators, and the optimal combination of process parameters was determined by combining the AHP and grey system theory. The optimized parameters of square box part were verified by the finite element method and the deep-drawing test. The results show that the thickness distribution is reasonable, the welding seam movement is small, and there is obvious improvement in the forming quality.

INTEGRAÇÃO DO MÉTODO AHP E SIG COMO INSTRUMENTO DE ANÁLISE DO NÍVEL DE CONSERVAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal determinar o nível de conservação da bacia do Rio Melchior, DF, Brasil. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um modelo para identificação do nível de conservação dessa, com alternativas e critérios do meio físico e social. Os critérios e alternativas do modelo passaram por um processo de julgamento de pesos por meio do método multicritério Analytic Hierachy Process (AHP). Para auxiliar este método de avaliação e dos cálculos dos pesos atribuídos, foi utilizado o Software Expert Choice versão 3.01. Na elaboração do produto temático um mapa do nível de conservação utilizou a operação conhecida como álgebra de mapas, que faz uso de funções matemáticas com constante escalar ou o simples uso de uma operação aritmética. As operações algébricas com os mapas foram feitas de acordo com os pesos definidos e estabelecidos pelo AHP. Os resultados da integração do AHP e Sistema de Integração Geográfica (SIG) mostraram que as variáveis relacionadas ao meio físico (uso do solo, pluviosidade, pedologia e declividade) do meio social (água, esgoto e lixo) permitiram conhecer o Nível de Conservação Ambiental da Bacia. Dessa forma, as variáveis apresentadas no estudo foram eficientes para diagnosticar a fragilidade da bacia e fornecer indicativos para tomada de decisão.

A novel approach to risk assessment for occupational health and safety using Pythagorean fuzzy AHP & fuzzy inference system

Occupational health and safety involves systematic studies aimed at protecting employees from harmful conditions that might be caused by various reasons during the execution of work in the workplace. Different from the literature, in this study, a novel integrated approach, Pythagorean Fuzzy Proportional Risk Assessment (PFPRA), including Fine Kinney, Pythagorean fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and a fuzzy inference system is used for risk assessment in the field of occupational health and safety. The main difference of the proposed approach is the integration of these methods in a way providing a more accurate risk assessment. The risks of an excavation process in a construction yard are assessed by the proposed method. The results are compared with Pythagorean Fuzzy Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (PFFMEA) and it is revealed that the proposed method produces reliable and informative outcomes better representing the vagueness of decision making process.

A combined approach based on fuzzy AHP and fuzzy inference system to rank reviewers in online communities

A combined approach based on fuzzy AHP and fuzzy inference system to rank reviewers in online communities

基于GIS的康养地产选址研究—以武汉市江夏区为例

在人口老龄化和亚健康化背景下，生态康养地产应运而生。这是一项涉及生态学、养生学、老年学、地理学及经济学等多内容的综合性产业。生态康养产业的内在属性，决定了其发展具有显著的自然垄断性和不可移植性。本文以层次分析法和地理信息系统为技术支持，结合国外养老地产选址原则和我国生态康养“六维度”原则，建立一种新的评价指标体系，以武汉市江夏区周边区域为案例，构建康养地产选址模型，来寻找适宜建设康养地产的区域地块，以期为城市规划提供更直观的参考与借鉴。 With the background of the aging of population and sub-health, the eco-healthy endowment real estate has come into being. This is an integrated estate involving ecology, regimen, gerontology, geography and economics. The inherent nature of the eco-healthy endowment real estate deter-mines that its development has a significant characteristic of natural monopoly and non-portabi- lity. In this paper, it built a new evaluation index system which was established based on AHP and Geographic Information System (GIS), combining with the principle of the site selection of the old-age real estate abroad and the “six dimensions” of China’s ecological rehabilitation. Taking the surrounding situation of Jiangxia district of Wuhan as an example, this paper constructs the model of the location of healthy endowment real estate to find the suitable site for building healthy endowment real estate, which hopes to provide an intuitive reference for urban planning.

Designing of fuzzy expert heuristic models with cost management toward coordinating AHP, fuzzy TOPSIS and FIS approaches

In genuine industrial case, problems are inescapable and pose enormous challenges to incorporate accurate sustainability factors into supplier selection. In this present study, three different primarily based multi-criteria decision making fuzzy models have been compared with their deterministic version so as to resolve fuzzy prioritization problems. The developed model applies AHP, TOPSIS and fuzzy inference system (FIS) using a MATLAB toolbox to effectively analyze the interdependencies between sustainability criteria and select the best sustainable supplier in the fuzzy environment, while capturing all objective criteria. A typical supplier A4 has been awarded the most suitable supplier with 0.386 composite relative weights of AHP, relative closeness to ideal solution 0.7154 and normalized score index 0.219 FIS model using MATLAB toolbox.

Efficacy, efficiency and safety aspects of hydrogen peroxide vapour and aerosolized hydrogen peroxide room disinfection systems

This was a head-to-head comparison of two hydrogen-peroxide-based room decontamination systems. To compare the efficacy, efficiency and safety of hydrogen peroxide vapour (HPV; Clarus R, Bioquell, Andover, U.K.) and aerosolized hydrogen peroxide (aHP; SR2, Sterinis, now supplied as Glosair, Advanced Sterilization Products (ASP), Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd, Wokingham, U.K.) room disinfection systems. Efficacy was tested using 4- and 6-log Geobacillus stearothermophilus biological indicators (BIs) and in-house prepared test discs containing approximately 10(6) meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Clostridium difficile and Acinetobacter baumannii. Safety was assessed by detecting leakage of hydrogen peroxide using a hand-held detector. Efficiency was assessed by measuring the level of hydrogen peroxide using a hand-held sensor at three locations inside the room, 2 h after the start of the cycles. HPV generally achieved a 6-log reduction, whereas aHP generally achieved less than a 4-log reduction on the BIs and in-house prepared test discs. Uneven distribution was evident for the aHP system but not the HPV system. Hydrogen peroxide leakage during aHP cycles with the door unsealed, as per the manufacturer's operating manual, exceeded the short-term exposure limit (2 ppm) for more than 2 h. When the door was sealed with tape, as per the HPV system, hydrogen peroxide leakage was <1 ppm for both systems. The mean concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the room 2 h after the cycle started was 1.3 [standard deviation (SD) 0.4] ppm and 2.8 (SD 0.8) ppm for the four HPV and aHP cycles, respectively. None of the readings were <2 ppm for the aHP cycles. The HPV system was safer, faster and more effective for biological inactivation.

Clinical decision support system (DSS) in the diagnosis of malaria: A case comparison of two soft computing methodologies

The purpose of this study is to make the case for the utility of decision support systems (DSS) in the diagnosis of malaria and to conduct a case comparison of the effectiveness of the fuzzy and the AHP methodologies in the medical diagnosis of malaria, in order to provide a framework for determining the appropriate kernel in a fuzzy–AHP hybrid system. The combination of inadequate expertise and sometimes the vague symptomatology that characterizes malaria, exponentially increase the morbidity and mortality rates of malaria. The task of arriving at an accurate medical diagnosis may sometimes become very complex and unwieldy. The challenge therefore for physicians who have limited experience investigating, diagnosing, and managing such conditions is how to make sense of these confusing symptoms in order to facilitate accurate diagnosis in a timely manner. The study was designed on a working hypothesis that assumed a significant difference between these two systems in terms of effectiveness and accuracy in diagnosing malaria. Diagnostic data from 30 patients with confirmed diagnosis of malaria were evaluated independently using the AHP and the fuzzy methodologies. Results were later compared with the diagnostic conclusions of medical experts. The results of the study show that the fuzzy logic and the AHP system can successfully be employed in designing expert computer based diagnostic system to be used to assist non-expert physicians in the diagnosis of malaria. However, fuzzy logic proved to be slightly better than the AHP, but with non-significant statistical difference in performance.

Exogenous Glutathione Completes the Defense against Oxidative Stress in Haemophilus influenzae

Since they are equipped with several strategies by which they evade the antimicrobial defense of host macrophages, it is surprising that members of the genus Haemophilus appear to be deficient in common antioxidant systems that are well established to protect prokaryotes against oxidative stress. Among others, no genetic evidence for glutathione (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly) (GSH) biosynthesis or for alkyl hydroperoxide reduction (e.g., the Ahp system characteristic or enteric bacteria) is apparent from the Haemophilus influenzae Rd genome sequence, suggesting that the organism relies on alternative systems to maintain redox homeostasis or to reduce small alkyl hydroperoxides. In this report we address this apparent paradox for the nontypeable H. influenzae type strain NCTC 8143. Instead of biosynthesis, we could show that this strain acquires GSH by importing the thiol tripeptide from the growth medium. Although such GSH accumulation had no effect on growth rates, the presence of cellular GSH protected against methylglyoxal, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), and S-nitrosoglutathione toxicity and regulated the activity of certain antioxidant enzymes. H. influenzae NCTC 8143 extracts were shown to contain GSH-dependent peroxidase activity with t-BuOOH as the peroxide substrate. The GSH-mediated protection against t-BuOOH stress is most probably catalyzed by the product of open reading frame HI0572 (Prx/Grx), which we isolated from a genomic DNA fragment that confers wild-type resistance to t-BuOOH toxicity in the Ahp-negative Escherichia coli strain TA4315 and that introduces GSH-dependent alkyl hydroperoxide reductase activity into naturally GSH peroxidase-negative E. coli. Finally, we demonstrated that cysteine is an essential amino acid for growth and that cystine, GSH, glutathione amide, and cysteinylglycine can be catabolized in order to complement cysteine deficiency.