Agro-industrial Waste Materials Research Articles

Eliciting Polyphenols in Strawberry Leaves: Preliminary Experiments in Fragaria × ananassa cv. Festival.

Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites that function mostly as a general stress-induced protective mechanism. Polyphenols have also gained interest due to their beneficial properties for human health. Strawberry leaves represent an agro-industrial waste material with relevant bioactive polyphenol content, which could be incorporated into circular economy strategies. However, due to the low quantities of polyphenols in plants, their production needs to be improved for cost-effective applications. The objective of this research was to compare polyphenol production in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Festival) leaves in plants grown in greenhouse conditions and plants grown in vitro, using three possible elicitor treatments (UV irradiation, cold exposure, and cysteine). General vegetative effects were morphologically evaluated, and specific polyphenolic compounds were quantified by UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS. Gallic acid was the most abundant polyphenol found in the leaves, both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed higher amounts and faster accumulation of polyphenols in the in vitro regenerated plants, highlighting the relevance of in vitro tissue culture strategies for producing compounds such as polyphenols in this species and cultivar.

Biosynthesis of fragrance 2-phenylethanol from sugars by Pseudomonasputida

BackgroundPetrochemicals contribute to environmental issues, with concerns ranging from energy consumption and carbon emission to pollution. In contrast, microbial biorefineries offer eco-friendly alternatives. The solvent-tolerant Pseudomonasputida DOT-T1E serves as a suitable host for producing aromatic compounds, specifically l-phenylalanine and its derivative, 2-phenylethanol (2-PE), which find widespread applications in various industries.ResultsThis study focuses on enhancing 2-PE production in two l-phenylalanine overproducing strains of DOT-T1E, namely CM12-5 and CM12-5Δgcd (xylABE), which grow with glucose and glucose-xylose, respectively. To synthesize 2-PE from l-phenylalanine, these strains were transformed with plasmid pPE-1, bearing the Ehrlich pathway genes, and it was found higher 2-PE production with glucose (about 50–60 ppm) than with xylose (< 3 ppm). To understand the limiting factors, we tested the addition of phenylalanine and intermediates from the Ehrlich and shikimate pathways. The results identified intracellular l-phenylalanine as a key limiting factor for 2-PE production. To overcame this limitation, a chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydratase variant—insentive to feedback inhibition by aromatic amino acids—was introduced in the producing strains. This led to increased l-phenylalanine production and subsequently produced more 2-PE (100 ppm). Random mutagenesis of the strains also produced strains with higher l-phenylalanine titers and increased 2-PE production (up to 120 ppm). The improvements resulted from preventing dead-end product accumulation from shikimate and limiting the catabolism of potential pathway intermediates in the Ehrlich pathway. The study explored agricultural waste substrates, such as corn stover, sugarcane straw and corn-syrup as potential C sources. The best results were obtained using 2G substrates at 3% (between 82 and 100 ppm 2-PE), with glucose being the preferred sugar for 2-PE production among the monomeric sugars in these substrates.ConclusionsThe findings of this study offer strategies to enhance phenylalanine production, a key substrate for the synthesis of aromatic compounds. The ability of P.putida DOT-T1E to thrive with various C-sources and its tolerance to substrates, products, and potential toxicants in industrial wastes, are highlighted. The study identified and overcome possible bottlenecks for 2-PE production. Ultimately, the strains have potential to become efficient microbial platforms for synthesizing 2-PE from agro-industrial waste materials.

Recycling of agro-industrial waste by fabricating laminated Al-metal matrix composites: a numerical simulation and experimental study

AbstractThe utilization of agriculture waste as a recycling process in aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) has gained significant attention as a novel approach in environmental toxicology. This technique aims to mitigate environmental hazards to humans by reducing the negative impact of waste materials. It has been recognized as an effective means to fabricate and enhance the properties of AMMCs. Furthermore, the use of these agro-industrial waste materials has the potential to mitigate both human and environmental risks, including pollution, while also leading to cost savings in manufacturing processes. The present investigation involves the fabrication of a novel metal matrix composite incorporating rice husk ash particles as reinforcement. The initial phase of the work involved the fabrication of novel composites. Subsequently, the focus shifted towards investigating the mechanical, physical, and wear characteristics of these composites. The forming process of the accumulative rolling was investigated by the numerical simulation using the ABAQUS program. Additionally, this study emphasizes the present utilization and prospective advancements of composites reinforced with agricultural and industrial wastes in diverse sectors, particularly in the fabrication of materials for vessels, autos, and construction industries. Furthermore, an examination of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fracture surfaces in the vicinity of layer interfaces has been conducted to investigate the quality of bonding.

Valorization of agro-industrial waste in composite films for sustainable packaging applications

The increase in general awareness about environmental hazards caused by petrochemical plastics has substantially increased the necessity of eco-friendly substitutes for plastics. Conventional plastics in addition to being non-biodegradable are also derived from depleting non-renewable resources. Therefore, the production of packaging films utilizing agro-industrial waste has gained widespread attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional non-degradable plastic. The underutilized compounds from agro-industrial waste such as by-products of fruit and vegetable industries or the waste from sugar industries can serve as a great alternative for plastics owing to their low cost, availability and abundance of raw materials. They possess significant physical and chemical properties which make them good sources for producing biopolymers as well as cellulosic fillers. The processing and production of food products by agro-industries generate waste or by-products such as husks of various grains, leaves, gums, bagasse, offal and seeds, which contain an ample amount of plant-derived fibrous proteins such as pectin, starch and cellulose. They also have nutritional properties and peculiar sensory properties which are obliged to the bioactive compounds found in them. Therefore, these waste materials can be reutilized for recycling along with high value-added purposes which will reduce environmental stress and empower sustainable greener approaches. This review will provide a discussion on the usage of agro-industrial wastes for fabricating sustainable composite films with several reinforcements. Additionally, the significance of waste-derived biopolymers as films having value-added functional packaging properties over conventional packaging films will also be discussed. This usage of agro-industrial waste material in turn would aid in the circular economy flow, waste reduction along with generation of high-end usage and recycling of waste.

Removal of Metals and Dyes in Water Using Low-Cost Agro-Industrial Waste Materials

The pollution of water bodies due to the discharge of effluents without treatment is a global problem. Therefore, different technologies have been implemented for the removal of contaminants from wastewater before the final disposition. Among them, adsorption processes using residual biomasses are becoming very popular due to the low cost and high availability of adsorbents. Thus, in the present work, the synthesis of modified biochar from agro-industrial residues derived from the wheat-processing industry, as a valorization alternative of these residues, for its use in the removal of Cr (VI) and methylene blue (MB) has been analyzed. The biochar was prepared using a ramp function of 5 °C/min until 250 °C for 30 min. The adsorption tests were developed in a batch system, using 30 mg of adsorbent in 10 mL of solution. From SEM analysis, the formation of tubular cavities and porous structure was seen, caused by the basic hydrolysis with KOH. From adsorption tests, an adsorption capacity of 12.98 mg/g and 97.38% of efficiency for MB at pH 10 was noted, while for Cr (VI), it was 11.35 mg/g and 85.15% at pH 2. Freundlich’s model adjusted the adsorption equilibrium data with R2 &gt; 0.9. The maximum adsorption capacities in the monolayer were 186,375 mg/g and 90.723 mg/g for Cr (VI) and MB, according to Langmuir’s model. From a kinetic study, it can be said that the process occurs by chemisorption through electrostatic interaction and ionic interchange between adsorbate and adsorbent.

Carbonation Depth of Sustainable Concrete Made with Agroindustrial and Industrial Waste Exposed to the Urban Environment of the City of Xalapa, Ver; Mexico

In the present investigation the effect of the urban environment of the city of Xalapa, Ver., México in the depth carbonation in Sustainable Concrete made with Agro-Industrial and Industrial Waste Materials like Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) and Silica Fume (SF), was evaluated. The Sustainable Concretes and the Conventional Concrete (Concrete of reference) were designed for a relation water/cement= 0.65 according to the indicated for the ACI 211.1. The Conventional Concrete was elaborated with 100% of Portland cement, and the Sustainable Concretes with partial substitution of Portland cement for the waste of SCBA and SF in percentages of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%. The results through the application of phenolphthalein, indicate that the Carbonation depth is proportional to the increase of the substitution of Portland Cement for agro-industrial and industrial waste. The sustainable concrete with 50% of substitution of SCBA-SF presents the worst performance, with a carbonation depth of 1.48 cm, which represents an increment of more of 350% than the conventional concrete at being exposed for one year to the present environment of study.

Development of carambola pomace based cookies and its consumer acceptability

Agro industrial waste material is a rich source of various bio active components and fibre rich. Carambola pomace is a by-product of carambola juice processing unit. Fruit juice industries generate considerable amount of Carambola pomace as waste from fresh Carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.). However, the nutritional assets of Carambola pomace that include antioxidants, mainly polyphenols, should not be neglected, and be further processed in developing food supplements. In this study, Carambola pomace was found to be indeed nutrient-rich. This pomace was subsequently employed in development of Carambola pomace cookies, as a functional snack. Carambola pomace with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% were used to incorporate in cookies. The characterisation of the Carambola pomace cookies delineated their healthfulness in terms of antioxidant potential, and 5% Carambola pomace got maximum consumer acceptance. The present study highlights the importance of utilising a wasted bioresource in adding functional value to a common food that otherwise is only a fat-rich snack.

Eco-friendly production of silica particles and fertilizer from rice husk, rice straw, and corncob wastes

Agroindustrial wastes represent a rich and underutilized source of valuable minerals. Because the amount of biomass wastes generated by the agroindustry is increasing and the demand for sustainability is arising, there is a growing need for improving agroindustrial waste utilization and valorization. One of the major industrial interests has been obtaining silica from biomass wastes. The synthesis of silica from agroindustrial waste materials typically involves the use of high energy input for calcination or incineration and chemicals for extraction. To reduce energy consumption and chemical waste generation, we modified a sol-gel method to yield a by-product that can be used as a fertilizer. High purity silica was obtained from rice husk (95.1%), rice straw (91.4%), and corncob (95.9%). The silica particles were amorphous and white in color. The mean diameters of the silica particles obtained from rice husk, rice straw, and corncob were 72.4, 68.1, and 52.9 µm, respectively. The acid waste generated from the process was neutralized to yield potassium chloride. This by-product had mineral contents that could be used for inorganic fertilizer. In addition to supporting sustainability, the development of agroindustrial waste utilization methods is important for the establishment of inexpensive processes that are adaptable for large-scale manufacturing.

Evaluation of different growing media based on agro-industrial waste materials for the morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics of stevia

Stevia is an excellent source of natural antioxidants that prevent carcinogenic effects and cardiovascular disease especially helpful in curing diabetes. It is the most emerging medicinal plant important for the food industry. The increased production of stevia is an important aspect of using different growing media, i.e., control (garden soil), garden soil: spent mushroom substrate, garden soil: farm yard manure, garden soil: organic compost, garden soil: sugarcane bagasse, garden soil: perlite, garden soil: leaf mold, garden soil: press mud, garden soil: peat moss, garden soil: vermicompost as in the present study. The treatment of garden soil and vermicompost significantly increased plant height (54.70 cm), leaf fresh weight (18.79 g), number of branches per plant (12.26), leaves number per plant (297.46), leaf and shoot dry weight (8.98, 17.23), root length (17.38 cm), and root fresh weight (17.38 g) as compared to control. Garden soil and vermicompost significantly improved chlorophyll a (3.1 mg/g) and b (1.5 mg/g), total chlorophyll (3.45 mg/g), carotenoids (0.42 mg/g), and flavonoids (56 mg/g) as compared to other treatments. The increased level of minerals, i.e., potassium, nitrogen, sodium, zinc, calcium, and phosphorus were also observed in the mixture of garden soil and vermicompost as compared to control and other treatments. Plant height revealed a significant association with all the studied traits of growth, photosynthetic pigments, minerals, and alike association trend was revealed from the biplot. • Vermicompost, spent mushroom substrate and press mud are valuable growing media for stevia growth • Spent mushroom substrate and Press Mud increased the stevia growth than in soil • Vermicompost can be used for peat replacement in stevia production • Effective growing media are vital to the soilless plant cultivation industry • Spent mushroom wastes showed a greater reuse potential in improving yield and quality

Circular economy-based product substitution design rationale: A case of personal care product

Purpose: This study describes an empirical study demonstrating the application of circular economy (CE) to respond to an urgent call to reduce plastic waste by utilizing waste from the furniture industry.Design/methodology/approach: this study employed the measurements of environmental impacts of plastic and wood-based toothbrushes using a life cycle assessment, complemented by an analysis of the wood substitution design process from a CE perspective.Findings: The findings from this study not only shed light on quantifying the benefits of product valorization improvement and retention but also provide a means of weighing the value against raw materials and production costs.Research limitations/implications: The developed model is still limited to the use of waste to replace existing product materials. This study also did not include other industrial waste such as agro-industrial waste or other degradable materials which may open up many chances for further studies.Practical implications: The study’s primary contribution is a design rationale that assists the substitution of plastic material with wood waste, using toothbrushes as a case example of the substituted products.Social implications: This newly developed material can give potential income sources for the communities.Originality/value: The novelty of this study lies to the substitution model of non-degradable materials to a more environmentally-friendly material which is studied thoroughly from functional analysis, design alternatives, and evaluation based on environmental, economic, and social aspects especially in case of personal care products (toothbrush).

Sustainable perspective of ancillary construction materials in infrastructure industry: An overview

Climate Change is the hot topic in world scenarios and UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), a convention of the United Nations enables sustainable resource utilization. Disposing of industrial and agricultural wastes into air, water and land poses a great threat to mankind and the environment. Effective utilization of waste including hazardous nature can be subsumed pragmatically by the construction industry. Substituting agro-industrial waste materials into the construction process will conserve dwindling resources and lead to a step towards sustainability. The present study introduces a new dimension to construction materials by classifying them into exhaustive and mutually exclusive categories of major and ancillary construction materials. Major construction materials are building blocks of civil engineering whereas ancillary construction materials add value to the construction. Over the past decades, researchers have successfully applied sustainability concepts for the major construction materials. Ancillary construction materials shall be conceivably characterized as supplementary, commercial and expensive. They are less studied and lack research status at par with major construction materials. Bibliometric analysis helps to identify and understand ancillary construction materials' wide research gap over major construction materials. The article is aimed to showcase the differentiation in construction materials by intensive bibliometric analysis of construction materials and available traditional literature review of ancillary construction materials. Therefore, more collaboration of civil engineering researchers with other fields shall improve the research impetus in the field of ancillary construction materials. This multi-disciplinary approach shall be satisfactorily applied for addressing global concerns like climate change and industrial sustainability, which shall pervade the infrastructure industry. This review stresses the need for a shift in research ideology for comprehensive waste utilization in ancillary construction materials in line with major construction materials towards achieving resilient sustainable construction and the environment as a whole.

Different particle size study of castor deoiled cake for biofuel production with an environmental sustainability perspective

Agro-industrial waste material such as non-edible deoiled Castor bean cake (CBC) is one of the most abundant sources for bioethanol demonstrating the feasibility of utilizing bioethanol as commercial biofuel. This is an alternative to mitigate fossil fuel dependence and carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere. The CBC was pretreated with the help of thionyl chloride at a temperature of 35 °C for residence time 25 min. Subsequently, CBC substrate obtained from pretreatment was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis with T. viride concentration varying from 0.5 to 5 g L−1 at 35 °C, pH 6 for 48 h. Under optimized conditions the process integrating pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis for 48 h at 35 °C with pH 7 resulted in 76 g L−1 of reducing sugars from 100 g CBC. The obtained sugar was further fermented at 30 °C for 72 h with saccharomyces cerevisiae as a fermenting media which yields 37.5 g L−1 of bioethanol. A study of different particle sizes of CBC with BSS-5, BSS-10, BSS-20 was done for efficient enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation into bioethanol. On a pilot-scale 375 g L−1 of bioethanol was obtained from 1 kg of CBC with the same reaction conditions. The present study demonstrates optimized solid: liquid ratio 1:2 for hydrolysis, fermentation process, and the production cost for bioethanol per L. Figure S1 represents graphical abstract for the production of bioethanol from CBC in supplementary information.

Microbial Surfactants: Bright Prospects for Innovation, New Product Categories, and Commercialization

Microbial Surfactants: Bright Prospects for Innovation, New Product Categories, and Commercialization

Phytochemical Characterization and Utilization of Dried Red Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) Peel Extract in Maintaining the Quality of Nile Tilapia Fish Fillet.

Phytochemicals derived from agro-industrial waste materials could be employed as functional food additives and natural antioxidants to replace their synthetic counterparts, which are increasingly being rejected. The current study aims to assess total phenolic compound (TPC), flavonoids, betalain contents, and antiradical scavenging using DPPH and IC50% of dried red beetroot peel (DRBP) extract at different concentrations of 50, 80, 100, 150, and 200 mg/100 mL t. In addition, a characterization of phenols and flavonoids was conducted using HPLC. The second part of this study aims to utilize aqueous DRBP extract in preserving Nile Talipia fish fillet at two concentrations of 80 and 100 mg/100 mL water, compared with 200 ppm of BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) and control at 5 °C for 10 days. The DRBP aqueous extract was found to have a high concentration of TPC (832 mg/100 g), flavonoids (234 mg/100 g) and betalains (535 mg/100 g) compounds, resulting in a potential antioxidant activity. The IC50% for the extract was detected at 80 mg/100 mL extract. DRBP aqueous extract showed an excellent preservative effect on the fish fillet. Fish fillet samples treated with DRBP extract at a concentration of 100 mg/100 mL were superior in reducing TBA (thiobarbituric acid) increase compared with other treatments at the end of cold storage. Overall, the study showed that red beetroot extracts can act as a natural preservative agent due to their significant antioxidant activity, providing healthy and safe food to consumers.

Characterization of Apple Juice Clarified by Tannase from Serratia marcescens IMBL5 Produced using Agro-industrial Waste Materials

In the present study, clarification of apple juice with tannase from S. marcescens IMBL5 produced using various agro-waste materials was carried out. Sugarcane bagasse was found to be the most suitable source for the augmented production of tannase enzyme by response surface methodology with the temperature at 40 °C, pH 4.5 and the incubation period of 96 hrs. The enzyme was quantified and partially purified through protein precipitation. The partially purified tannase with gelatin clarified about 62% of the apple juice in 3 hr of incubation at room temperature and it was gently increased with the incubation period. The detannification was characterized by estimating tannin content of the clarified juice. The amount of total reducing sugar in the juice was increased almost 50 % after 5 hours of incubation period. FTIR spectrum of the clarified juice revealed that the conformational changes that occurred in the functional groups. The spectrum absorptions between 500 and 1700 cm-1 mainly reflected the C=O stretch of the pectins and acids and C–O modes of the carbohydrates that correspond to the absorption zones of the sugars. The HPLC analysis of the clarified apple juice indicate the presence of phenolic compounds and sugar derivatives such as gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, epicatechin, glucose and sucrose which confirms the quality and clarity of the apple juice using the tannase enzyme.

A literature survey on effect of various types of reinforcement particles on the mechanical and tribological properties of aluminium alloy matrix hybrid nano composite

This review paper deals with the individual and hybrid nano composites reinforced with different types of nano particles like, synthetic ceramic, agro-waste and industrial waste materials. A current demand in market is shifting from micro size to nano size particle reinforcement for hybrid nano composites and subsequently development in addition of synthetic ceramic particles incorporated with agro-industrial waste materials. The production of metal matrix composites reinforced with nano-particles attribute in varying the mechanical and physical properties than the base matrix. Hybrid nano composites are creditable choice that can overcome the drawbacks of monolithic and hybrid micro-composites. The reinforcement of nano-particles can enhance the properties of base matrix material in the form of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, mechanical strength and damping properties. This review look up the possibility of developing elite nano composites parts with several benefits such as light weight, low cost, sustainability, high strength to weight ratio and product variety for use in various structural application including aerospace, marine automobile, sports industries. Present review focus on the improvement in corrosion resistance, mechanical properties (like: hardness, tensile and compressive strength) wear resistance and fatigue properties of metal matrix hybrid nano composites [MMHnCs]. This study also discusses the influence of morphology of particles such as shape, size and volume fraction of reinforcement particles on the properties of [MMHnCs]. The important techniques of manufacturing of MMHnCs to improve the mechanical properties have been reviewed in detail.

Valorization of agro-industrial wastes for biorefinery process and circular bioeconomy: A critical review

Energy recovery from waste resources is a promising approach towards environmental consequences. In the prospect of environmental sustainability, utilization of agro-industrial waste residues as feedstock for biorefinery processes have gained widespread attention. In the agro-industry, various biomasses are exposed to different unit processes for offering value to various agro-industrial waste materials. Agro-industrial wastes can generate a substantial amount of valuable products such as fuels, chemicals, energy, electricity, and by-products. This paper reviews the methodologies for valorization of agro-industrial wastes and their exploitation for generation of renewable energy products. In addition, management of agro-industrial wastes and products from agro-industrial wastes have been elaborated. The waste biorefinery process using agro-industrial wastes does not only offer energy, it also offers environmentally sustainable modes, which address effective management of waste streams. This review aims to highlight the cascading use of biomass from agro-industrial wastes into the systemic approach for economic development.

Various Perspectives on Microbial Lipase Production Using Agri-Food Waste and Renewable Products

Lipases are enzymes that catalyze various types of reactions and have versatile applications. Additionally, lipases are the most widely used class of enzymes in biotechnology and organic chemistry. Lipases can be produced by a wide range of organisms including animals, plants and microorganisms. Microbial lipases are more stable, they have substrate specificity and a lower production cost as compared to other sources of these enzymes. Although commercially available lipases are widely used as biocatalysts, there are still many challenges concerning the production of microbial lipases with the use of renewable sources as the main component of microbial growth medium such as straw, bran, oil cakes and industrial effluents. Submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) are the two important technologies for the production of lipases by microorganisms. Therefore, this review focuses on microbial lipases, especially their function, specificity, types and technology production, including the use of renewable agro-industrial residues and waste materials.

Production of eco-friendly concrete incorporating rice husk ash and polypropylene fibres.

The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) has increased over the years due to the carbon footprint associated with the production of cement, which contributes to 10% of the total globalCO2 gas emissions. This causes an increase in global warming, and the exponential increase in demand for construction of concrete has caused depletion of natural resources. Furthermore, due to increased urbanisation, large quantities of agro-industrially processed waste materials are generated and dumped into landfills, causing significant land scarcity, environmental issues, and pollution. Therefore, it has become necessary to reduce the CO2 emissions by reducing our dependency on cement as a binder and developing eco-friendly concrete using alternative binders from agro-industrial waste materials. This study utilises Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as SCM and reinforcing with polypropylene (PP) fibres. The cement content is replaced with 5 to 20% RHA with an increment of 5% while reinforcing with PP fibres ranging from 0.20 to 0.30%. Based upon the results, it can be observed that concrete incorporating 15% RHA and reinforced with 0.25% PP fibres achieved better performance than the specimen with no SCM. However, a further increase in RHA content decreased concrete strength, which could not be recovered entirely with the reinforcement of PP fibres, though concrete with higher (20%) RHA reinforced with PP fibres could be used for non-structural and low-cost construction.

Phytochemical Characteristics Evaluation of Pleurotus species Cultivated on Agricultural Wastes in Chiro, Ethiopia

Background: Mushrooms are a nutritious food source, being rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. They are also contains substances that enhance the immune system, fight infectious disease. Mushrooms can be cultivated on a variety of substrates, including agricultural and agro-industrial waste materials. The current study was amid to evaluate the phytochemical characteristics of Pleurotus species cultivated on different agricultural wastes.Methods: Mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida were cultivated on different agricultural wastes for the screening of phytochemical characteristics. Qualitative analyses of the phytochemicals were evaluated in methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of both Pleurotus spp. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu method and Spectrophotometric method with aluminum chloride.Result: Qualitative analyses revealed the phytochemicals alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and tannins were present in methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of both Pleurotus spp. while anthraquinones and Phlobatannins were absent in aqueous extracts. The highest concentration of phenols and flavonoids were recorded in methanolic extracts of P. ostreatus and P. florida (48.17 mg GAE/g of extract and 56.57 mg of RUE/g of extract and 46.73 mg GAE/g of extract and 55.58 mg of RUE/g of extract respectively). The results supported the methanolic extracts of P. ostreatus and P. florida might indeed be potential sources of phytochemicals.