Agritourism Services Research Articles

INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-TOURISM WITHIN RURAL AREAS

The article examines the peculiarities of the process of combining the interests of agricultural management and the development of the tourism sector. It has been emphasized that agrotourism, as a type of rural tourism, focuses on the territories of rural areas, has a recreational and leisure character, and can successfully function on the basis of a separate farm, agrocluster formation, country estate, guest house, etc. It has been noted that the field of agrotourism is a specific type of tourism, which combines both eco-, green and other types of tourism within the boundaries of rural areas. Research has confirmed that the actualization of the development of agritourism is connected with modern trends and the formation of consumer demand for agritourism services. The need to build an integration approach to ensuring the development and functioning of agro-tourism associations, as the formation of new types of entrepreneurial activity within rural areas, has been outlined. The expediency of the mentioned combination has been substantiated, since in the commonality and interdependence of interests it is possible to achieve synergy as a result, that is, a synergistic effect that is achieved only in the interaction of various aspects of each type of tourism. The development of the field of agritourism enables the process of expanded reproduction of rural areas, significantly contributes to the profitability of agrotourism farms in general, and other types of economic activity within the specified territories, in particular. In this context, the need for agricultural management based on new technologies for the production of organic food products has been determined, which may be in demand on the market of tourist services and will contribute to the further prospective development of the agro-tourism sector.

CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS OF AGRITOURISM OFFERINGS

Agritourism is a subject of growing interest among consumers, therefore, the key to the success of agritourism activities is to know the expectations and preferences of customers. The purpose of the study was to present the expectations of consumers of agritourism services, including the factors and elements of choosing this form of recreation, and what additional services and attractions would be most desirable. The empirical material was collected through desk research and a diagnostic survey using the CAWI technique. The surveys were conducted in March 2023 and the research sample consisted of 200 people. They showed that among the most important reasons for choosing an agritourism farm as a place to relax were the opportunity to spend more time with the family, the attractive price of services, and the possibility of taking advantage of the food offered by the host. On the other hand, respondents indicated a desire to rest in a peaceful environment and direct contact with nature as the main elements for choosing agritourism farms. In addition, the survey showed that the attractive price of the agritourism offer is a significant factor in encouraging people to take advantage of their stay on agritourism farms.

The Covid 19 pandemic and the attitudes of consumers of agritourism farms towards health and physical activity

The Covid 19 pandemic had a negative impact on various spheres of human life and the economy. Among them, tourism is mentioned, and mass tourism in particular. However, agritourism activity as a branch of the tourism sector is specific. Therefore, from the scientific and practical point of view, it turned out to be important to examine its impact on the behavior of consumers of agritourism services. From the point of view of tourists, agritourism has become an alternative to large clusters of people in popular, well-known, crowded destinations. Therefore, the following research questions arose: have the preferences of tourists regarding the place of rest changed under the influence of the Covid 19 pandemic and have the behavior of consumers of agritourism services changed in the context of physical activity and approach to health? The main purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of Covid 19 pandemic on consumers of agricultural farms in the context of health and physical activity in the hosts opinion. Research using the diagnostic survey method was carried out among the hosts of 60 agritourism farms in the Greater Poland Voivodeship in 2022. The results showed that although the hosts noticed a greater interest in agritourism and leisure in rural areas, they did not notice an increase in interest in physical activity and care for the health of their guests in connection with the Covid 19 pandemic.

State and prospects of agritourism in the Turkestan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The agritourism industry is one of the youngest in Kazakhstan, which determines the promising directions for the development of domestic tourism sector. Currently, European countries consider tourism industry to be a priority project for the development of rural areas. The goal - is a comprehensive analysis of the prerequisites and factors for socioeconomic growth in the Turkestan region and its attractiveness to rural tourism. Methods – observation and collection of information, analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach. Results – the article is devoted to the study of ecotourism problems in the region. The main tendencies of its organization are outlined. It has been established that this vector is developing progressively, based on existing world traditions and has Kazakhstani specifics associated with its features. The potential of tourism service sector and its role in modernization of the economy of this administrative-territorial unit is revealed. A SWOT-analysis of the state of tourism industry, classification of areas according to agritourism significance is presented. The effectiveness and expediency of expanding the sphere of ecological tourism are shown. Conclusions – for the first time, agritourism services have become widespread in Akmola, North Kazakhstan regions. It is noted that poss ibilities of the region allow to increase the flow of tourists, increase their interest in agritourism facilities, develop organic farming, contribute to the growth of the number of small businesses, production of environmentally friendly products of personal subsidiary plots and farms in rural areas, creation of additional jobs, decrease in the outflow of local population to cities, preservation and popularization of local architectural monuments, elements of art and customs of the people, strengthening the position of tourism business, paying special attention to tourism activities. The leisure industry has a large reserve of natural and human resources. However, as the authors state, farmers need information and advisory support from travel companies, including electronic means.

Review of the Characteristics Preferred by Clients in Agritourism Scenarios

Agrotourism is a practice that allows the generation of livelihood alternatives in rural areas, reducing hunger and allowing sustainable economic development. In this review, a classification of the characteristics preferred by clients in agrotourism settings has been generated, based on previous research that weighted these characteristics. Clients have been found to value the following in agrotourism settings: a green and clean landscape, the forests, the possibility of buying agricultural products, trying traditional foods, and participating in agricultural activities. These findings offer guidance to those interested in implementing or improving agritourism services.

FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGROTOURISM IN THE OPINION OF TOURISTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE LUBELSKIE VOIVODESHIP

The aim of the article is to define the factors that influence the choice of agritourism as a form of recreation. One of these factors may be the natural environment and its surroundings, which constitute an important element in the development of individual territorial areas. They also create opportunities for the development of individual forms of agricultural and non-agricultural activity in individual regions. The Lubelskie Voivodeship is a particularly interesting area for research related to the development of agritourism and analyzes related to this issue, both due to its territorial location and values ​​related to its individual areas, resulting from much less industrialization, as well as significant agricultural areas. In order to achieve the set goal, a questionnaire study was used with the use of the proprietary questionnaire. The research sample consisted of the inhabitants of the Lubelskie Voivodeship, who used agritourism services in the voivodeship in the last five years. The research was carried out in the period from March to May 2022 using the CAWI method. The obtained empirical material was developed using statistical methods with the use of the STATISTICA package for this purpose. The obtained research results indicated that one of the factors influencing decisions related to the form of activity are environmental values. A number of other important conditions include sanitary conditions and leisure infrastructure (e.g. access to a barbecue, sports equipment). The analysis of the results shows that agritourism farms do not fully use the opportunities created by their environmental surroundings and their resources.

AN AGROTOURIST COMPLEXES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GREEN EUROPEAN COURSE: VECTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECTS

The article considers the development of agritourism complexes of Ukraine during the last decade and the vectors of their further development. Factors of attractiveness of rural green tourism for urban residents have been identified. The peculiarities of recreation in the countryside have been clarified, namely: attractive time for recreation – summer vacations of tourists; acquaintance with the ethnicity and authenticity of the Ukrainian area; the compliance of the quality of services provided by agritourism farmsteads with the expectations of tourists. The motives for the creation of rural estates and the uniqueness of rural tourism are specified. In particular, the safety, environmental friendliness and accessibility of recreation in agritourism farmsteads are highlighted. The constraints on the development of green tourism are also the lack of funds to improve living conditions, rural infrastructure and the lack of clear legal support for the existence of this type of tourism, in particular the private sector, whose share in housing services is dominant. The gradual development of rural green tourism is demonstrated by expanding the scope of its services and improving their quality. Effective tools for promoting the tourist product in the countryside are public policy expressed in support of owners of agritourism farmsteads and «Strategy for tourism and resorts until 2026», implementation of effective communication policy with consumers of tourist services, and categorization and certification of rural farmsteads tourists (appropriate quality and environmental friendliness of the tourist product). The forecast of the number of rural estates by 2025 has been made. The importance of agritourism services is emphasized not only in the domestic market, but also in the international one. Attention is paid to the current situation in Ukraine, and not only the catastrophic consequences for the tourism industry, but also the prospects for the development of agritourism in the perspective of a full-scale Russian invasion.

Features and Challenges of Agritourism: Evidence from Iran and Poland

In recent decades, agritourism has been suggested as one of the strategies for sustainable development of rural areas and diversification of the rural economy. The main purpose of this research was to review the situation, opportunities and challenges of agritourism in Iran and Poland to create an understanding of the agritourism situation in both countries. The systematic literature review (SLR) was used as the instrument in this study to access the number of possible papers and to understand the literature regarding the history, current states, support policies, developments and challenges of agritourism in Iran and Poland. Published research studies on entrepreneurship and agritourism in Iran and Poland between 2000 and 2022 were assessed. The results of this study showed that the development of agritourism in Poland has a longer history and is more developed compared to Iran and the Iranian authorities should take more measures in managing and developing agritourism. This study provides a major contribution to knowledge by being among the very first studies that examines and compares the situation of agritourism development in Iran and Poland. Practically, this research provides useful understanding of agritourism services and the areas need to be developed in the two countries for the development of agritourism. The article presents the index of positioning a competitive farm and gaining an advantage on the market of agritourism services.

The role of agritourism in improving the management efficiency of integrated structures in the economy of the Krasnodar Region

The article describes the prospects for the development of agritourism in the terms of strategic management of integrated structures in the economy of the Krasnodar Region. The activities of agricultural companies involved in the integration process by the implementation of agritourism services are analyzed. We presented a guideline for improving the functioning efficiency of the integrated structures by forming the competitiveness of agricultural tourism services.

ІННОВАЦІЙНІ НАПРЯМИ В АГРОТУРИСТИЧНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

The article highlights the essence of innovation in agritourism. The main directions of innovative development taking into account foreign experience are considered. It is emphasized that agritourism must be constantly changing, as stability often means stagnation and leads to loss of competitiveness in the market of agritourism services. Presented by the results of a questionnaire survey on the introduction of innovations in agritourism by type, which was conducted among the owners of farmsteads in Lviv region. It is determined that most owners of farmsteads use marketing, social and product innovations. Proposals for the introduction of a number of innovations in agritourism have been formulated. Some of them have no analogues in Ukraine, others ‒ provide for the improvement of existing methods of agritourism. The following innovations in agritourism are offered: Weekend agritourism, Agrotourism, All inclusive, “Single Family” Program, Business Consultations, Agrotourism open-air museums, Ecological program “Clean Land”, Landscape at 360 °, Farm webcams. The driving force behind the development of agritourism is the introduction of innovations. It is impossible to move forward in this area and successfully develop your agritourism business without changes and innovations. A conceptual model of innovative development of agritourism is proposed. The generalized model envisages key directions, types of innovations according to the level of novelty and the main stages of introduction of innovations in agritourism. The first stage is the initiative of entrepreneurs who identify the main problems, needs and tasks, as a result of which is the generation and search for new ideas in agritourism. The second stage involves the development of new ideas based on the collected information base through analysis and synthesis in collaboration with relevant experts in various fields, as well as the selection of the most promising ideas and solutions, which are subsequently transformed into agritourism innovations. The third stage is the management of innovation in agritourism. During this period, its effectiveness is assessed, as a result of which the innovation is successfully implemented, returned for refinement or completely rejected.

Conditions for Choosing Form of Rest Agritourism from the Point of View of Respondents in Poland

The purpose of the study was to present the factors conditioning the use of agritourism services by the respondents. The study was conducted in May 2019 using a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire on a sample of 120 randomly selected residents of Warsaw in Poland. The most frequently studied people using agritourism services for several days spending their stay connected with the family. The main motive for choosing the place of rest by the respondents was peace and quiet, as well as price attractiveness. Popular surveyed people spend their free time in agritourism services on walking and hiking and exploring the nearby area.

Innovations in Agritourism: Evidence from a Region in Poland

The objective of the article is to present the study of agritourism innovativeness. The analysis covers agritourism farms in Poland. It is also essential to identify the factors affecting the process of implementing innovation in agritourism. The objective of the article is to formulate conclusions on the impact of innovations on the development of agritourism and the competitiveness of agritourism farms that can be used by representatives of various agritourism-supporting institutions and organizations. A diagnostic survey–study was conducted in 2018, applying a survey questionnaire with a sample of 81 self-employed agritourism farm owners. Ward’s hierarchical clustering method was applied to group the counties in terms of innovativeness. For this purpose, the data provided by the central statistics authority (GUS) and the authors’ own survey study were used. The study confirms, e.g., the key significance of innovation for the development of agritourism in the counties analyzed. Additionally, in the article there is developed an original farm’s competitive positioning index and gaining a competitive advantage on the agritourism services market, with three farms in Germany, France and Poland, respectively as an example.

Economics of agritourism development: An Iranian experience

Agritourism is known as a means of identification and realization of various on-farm and off-farm attractions existing in rural areas. This study aims at exploring the main determinants of agritourism development in Iran. Data were obtained via field survey and interview with 115 sample farmers from areas currently presenting agritourism services. By using a multinomial logit model, the impacts of theoretically expected variables were estimated. Findings/Originality : Education is the main driver of agritourism development. The programs aiming at increasing the knowledge of farmers regarding different advantages of agritourism should be paid special attention by the government. The result also indicates direct effect of diversified crops and services on probability to get involved in agritourism business. Provision of more crops and services on the farm generates more attraction for tourists and can lead to development of agritourism. In addition, farm size revealed same association, while the age of farmers has an adverse effect on provision of agritourism.

Koszty działań marketingowych gospodarstw agroturystycznych i możliwości ich finansowania

Jednym z cenionych i znanych agroturystycznych regionów Polski jest województwo wielkopolskie. Warunki przyrodnicze, bogata tradycja i kultura oraz obyczaje ludowe funkcjonujące na tym terenie powodują, że świadczenie usług agroturystycznych jest popularne wśród właścicieli gospodarstw. Chcąc być konkurencyjnym na rynku, usługodawcy korzystają z nowoczesnych technologii w zakresie promowania swojej oferty. Stosowanie działań marketingowych przy prowadzeniu gospodarstw agroturystycznych to bardzo ważny temat, gdyż świadczy on po pierwsze o przedsiębiorczości właścicieli, a po drugie stanowi doskonałą promocję gospodarstwa czy regionu. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie możliwości finansowania działań marketingowych oraz kosztów poniesionych przez właścicieli gospodarstw agroturystycznych z tytułu wykorzystywanych narzędzi marketingowych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania można stwierdzić, że gospodarstwa korzystają z narzędzi marketingowych, jednakże właściciele deklarują, że przeznaczają niewielką kwotę na tego typu działanie.

Rozwój działalności turystycznej na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce

Celem artykułu było prześledzenie zmian w turystyce, jakie zaszły w ostatnich latach na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce. Ze względu na znaczny odsetek gruntów rolnych (ok. 60%) i lasów (ok. 30%) w strukturze użytkowania ziemi szczególną uwagę zwrócono na agroturystykę i sylwanoturystykę. Dodatkowo poruszono problem kategoryzacji wiejskiej bazy noclegowej. W pracy wykorzystano dane Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego dla lat 2010 i 2016 oraz dane zamieszczone na portalach prowadzonych przez Polską Federację Turystyki Wiejskiej „Gospodarstwa Gościnne” oraz Lasy Państwowe. Niniejszy artykuł opiera się na analizie danych zastanych (tzw. desk research). Przeprowadzone badanie pokazało, że najwięcej kwater agroturystycznych zlokalizowanych było w małych gospodarstwach rolnych, jednakże usługi agroturystyczne częściej oferowały gospodarstwa większe i silniejsze pod względem ekonomicznym. Ze względu na małą skalę świadczenia usług agroturystycznych nie powinno się zakładać istotnego jej wpływu na rozwój terenów wiejskich. Ciągle rosnąca liczba osób korzystających z różnych form edukacji leśnej oraz stale wzrastająca liczba leśnych obiektów turystycznych świadczy o zwiększonym zainteresowaniu przez społeczeństwo tą formą turystyki wiejskiej oraz o pozytywnych korzyściach, jakie niesie za sobą przebywanie na terenach zalesionych.

CONDITIONS MOTIVATING A DECISION TO START AND DEVELOP A NON-AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS ON A FARM IN THE PROVINCE OF WARMIA AND MAZURY

The main objective of the research is an attempt to diagnose and evaluate the conditions for the development of non-agricultural activities in selected districts of the Warmia and Mazury Province. The survey was completed in 2018-2019 in 4 selected districts, having the potential to develop non-agricultural activities and characterized by development problems (a high unemployment rate, a relatively low share of income from non-agricultural activities and a high share of development land within the State Treasury’s resources). The number of farms covered by the survey from 4 districts was 86. Based on an analysis, it can be concluded that there is some potential, both on farms and in their surroundings, to develop non-agricultural business activity, but now exploited on a relatively low level. Farmers are engaged in a diverse array of non-agricultural businesses. Many are considering to further develop the non-agricultural businesses they conduct. This is particularly true about selling raw farm produce for processing, developing own food processing capacity, or providing agritourism services. The dominant stimulating factor was the higher amount of EU funds allocated to this purpose, in addition to simplified administrative procedures when setting up and conducting a business.

Pengaruh Profil Petani Pengelola Agrowisata terhadap Kapasitas Pemanfaatan Teknologi Komunikasi Digital di Kabupaten Bojonegoro dan Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur

Digital communication technology provides wider opportunities for agritourism farmers to reach local and national markets. Agritourism as a diversification of agricultural business encourages farmers to have the capacity to utilize digital communication technology. This study aims to (1) identify the profile of farmers who managing agritourism and (2) analyze the influence of farmer profiles on the level of capacity to use digital communication technology. The profile of agrotourism farmers influences their capacity to use digital communication technology in response to economic changes. The study was conducted in Bojonegoro and Malang Regencies, East Java in September and October 2018. Data collection was conducted through interviews using questionnaires on 215 farmers. Data analysis was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of the study showed that the farmer profile which includes age, the level of formal education and the assessment of digital technology functions were categorized as high. Business motivation was in medium category while nonformal education, length of business, types of agritourism products and cosmopolitan level were in low category. The types of agritourism services was in very low category. The result of analysis showed the profile of agritourism farmer that has a very significant effect to increase the capacity of farmers to utilize digital communication technology were age, formal education, assessment of digital communication technology functions, and business motivation, while having a significant effect are non-formal education, length of business, and agritourism products.

Determinanty popytu usług agroturystycznych

W artykule podjęto próbę określenia głównych determinant usług agroturystycznych wśród turystów z Polski oraz Ukrainy i Białorusi. W ostatnim czasie grupa imigrantów zarobkowych z Ukrainy gwałtownie wzrosła i zaczęto zauważać ich nie tylko jako pracowników ale także konsumentów. Celem pracy było określenie głównych determinant wpływających na postrzeganie agroturystyki. Badania zostały przeprowadzone w formie kwestionariusza ankiety. Przedstawione wyniki opierają się na 250 respondentach. Wskazane zostały główne cechy brane pod uwagę podczas wyboru usług agroturystycznych. Badane cechy są przedstawione w czterostopniowej skali co pozwala w szczegółach dokładniej podzielić turystów usług agroturystycznych.

An integrated demand and supply conceptual framework: Investigating agritourism services

AbstractThe present paper offers an integrated conceptual framework to jointly analyze demand and supply of agritourism firms and aims to identify motivations along with perceptions of externalities that influence the choice of a firm over another. On the supply side, a cluster analysis identifies homogenous groups of agritourism firms. On the demand side, a factor analysis is run on a set of motivations and environmental externalities and a probabilistic model estimates the determinants that influence the likelihood to choose 1 type of firm over the other. The results show that traditional and genuine food, culture, and authenticity are elements that determine the choice of 1 firm over another. A further contribution of this paper is the identification of environmental externalities as determinants of the attractiveness of a firm. From a marketing perspective, linking demand to supply is essential to determine product development strategies capable of satisfying actual and potential customers. Several strategies are proposed to different types of agritourism firms to attract and retain customers.

FACTORS DETERMINING THE AGRITO URISM ACTIVITY BY RURAL HOUSEHOLDS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE LUBLIN PROVINCE

The level of income earned by rural households conducting agricultural activity is lower compared to other types of households. One of the ways to obtain additional financial resources in rural areas is the provision of tourist services (eg. agritourism). The rural areas of the Lubelskie Province are characterized by particularly favourable environmental conditions for the implementation of this type of activity. The aim of the article is to determine the factors influencing the decision to start agrotourism. A hypothesis was formulated that the factor which had the greatest impact on the decision was the need to obtain an additional source of income. Verification of the hypothesis was possible thanks to research carried out in the group of 51 household managers providing agrotourism services. The obtained empirical material allowed to conclude that the most important factor influencing the decision to start agritourism services was the attractive location of the farm household.