Performance Of Agricultural Sector Research Articles

Bank loans to agricultural SMEs and the performance of the agriculture sector in Sri Lanka

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of bank loans for agricultural SMEs on agriculture sector performance, specifically assessing how this financial support influences the overall performance of the agricultural sector in Sri Lanka. Data for both dependent and independent variables were meticulously sourced from the annual reports of the Ministry of Finance, covering the study period from 2012 to 2021. The study evaluates the performance of 16 distinct agricultural economic activities, each contributing uniquely to Sri Lanka's economy. The descriptive statistics, particularly the mean values, highlight intriguing aspects of Sri Lanka's agricultural sector. Notably, there is a considerable disparity in the average gross domestic production, with marine fishing and marine aquaculture emerging as highly productive. At the same time, the growing of other beverage crops demonstrates a significantly lower contribution. Crucially, the regression analysis affirms a positive and statistically significant impact of bank loans to agricultural SMEs on the performance of the overall agricultural sector in Sri Lanka. This substantiates the fundamental need for adequate bank loans for agricultural SMEs to empower and enhance the performance of the entire agriculture sector. As this study sheds light on the positive correlation between bank loans for agricultural SMEs and agricultural sector performance, it underscores the importance of tailored public policies concerning loan proportions and amounts for distinct economic activities within the agriculture sector.

AZ ÚJRAKEZDÉS KÖVETE: BENCSIK ISTVÁN (1953-1970) /DEBRECENI AGRÁRFELSŐOKTATÁS/ (1910-1998)

Agriculture played a significant role in consolidating the domestic political system after 1956. The rapid development of the Hungarian agricultural sector's performance contributed significantly to the country's relations with the economically developed regions of the world, with the so-called Hungarian model incorporating backyard farming into large-scale agriculture. However, this progress was achieved through an arduous road to development, resulting in internationally recognised vocational training standards in agriculture, particularly in higher agricultural education. Since the second half of the 1960s, there has been a noticeable development in the agricultural sector in Hungary. It has managed to preserve the creative traditions of its historical peasantry to a certain extent. The Debrecen agricultural higher education had a decisive role in the ambitious development of Hungarian agriculture. István Bencsik was an outstanding player in this process, actively contributing to the material and intellectual foundation of higher education in Debrecen. His work later impacted the agriculture of Tiszántúl and the wider region.

Growth and Instability in Agriculture Production in Odisha, India

The performance of agriculture sector in any economy is better understood through the analysis of growth and instability in agriculture production. It is evident that the growth of agriculture in Odisha is very erratic in nature and huge instability is there in agricultural production. Instability in agriculture affects the trend and pattern of production which creates risk in farmers’ ability to adopt new technologies. Therefore, this paper aims to study the growth and instability in agriculture production in Odisha where growth and instability on area, yield and production of twenty crops have been calculated. Instability in agriculture production is caused by various agricultural reforms, weather variation and price fluctuation. Therefore, in this study attempt has been made to analyse the contribution of agriculture and allied sector to GSVA in Odisha over the years, sectoral employment, and district wise crop intensity. To examine growth and instability in agriculture of twenty major crops, this study has undertaken decadal analysis by using secondary data. Total four decades i.e. 1970-80, 1980-90, 1990-00, 2000-10 and 2010-20 are considered. The results show that, agriculture sector is leading sector in providing employment and significantly contribute to GSDP in Odisha. However, the area under cultivation of all the crops area gradually decreasing due to the urbanization but the percentage of area under cereal cultivation is decreasing whereas percentage of area under pulses are increasing but the area under total food grains is decreasing showing farmers are switching towards non-food grain products. So far, the growth of production and yield of different crop areas shows erratic growth in agricultural crops, as evident from the high instability rate in the growth of different crops. The cropping intensity shows that it is lower than the national level and therefore the role of technology needs to be identified.

Identifying Determinants of Food Security Using Panel Data Analysis: Evidence from Maghreb Countries

Countries and international bodies are focusing on agriculture as a route to achieving sustainable food security. Hence, the aim of this study is to examine the determinants of food security. It investigates the effects of gross domestic product deflator (GDPD), rural population, arable area, agricultural workers, farmers, agricultural exports, and agricultural imports on agricultural performance, which is a metric of food security. This study uses time lapse data models of a sample from the group of Maghreb states, namely Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, and Mauritania, for the 2003–2018 period. All these data were collected from the statistical reports of the Arab Organization for Agricultural Development. The results provide evidence of the significant positive impacts of gross domestic product, arable areas, and agricultural exports on the agricultural sector’s performance, which results in achieving food security. However, the results indicate that the rural population and the number of workers in the agricultural sector have a significantly negative relationship with agricultural sector performance. In terms of agricultural imports, the results do not show a relationship between agricultural imports and agricultural sector performance. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first study conducted in the Maghreb states, including five countries. This study alerts policymakers to issues regarding the importance of having effective policies that could enhance the performance of agricultural production to achieve food security in the Maghreb states. Policymakers must improve the investment climate in North African countries to encourage investors to enter the agricultural sector.

Exchange Rate Dynamics and Agricultural Sector Performance Nexus: The Nigerian Experience

The main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of exchange rate dynamics on agricultural sector performance in Nigeria. The study employed time series data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, World Development Indicators and National Bureau of Statistics. Agricultural sector performance was disaggregated into the overall agricultural, crop, livestock and fishery output. Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) estimation techniques were used to establish the long run relationship among the variables, and the responsiveness of overall agricultural output, crop, livestock and fishery production to changes in exchange rate. It was revealed that long run relationship exists among the variables in all the estimated models. The result of the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) within the framework of the ARDL shows that exchange rate has significant impact on agricultural sector performance. The GARCH results revealed that the responsiveness of aggregate agricultural output, crop, livestock and fishery production to changes in exchange rate is negative and statistically significant. This study concludes that the government must consciously direct policy actions towards the agricultural sector to achieve its full potentials in order to place the Nigerian economy on the path of self- sufficiency in agricultural production. The study recommends that; the government should implement appropriate exchange rate policy that will ensure sufficient crop production for both domestic consumption and exports. The movement in the market determined exchange rate should be strictly monitored by the apex bank, in order to ensure that the deregulation in exchange rate is not counterproductive through distortionary prices on agricultural production.

Designing a Framework for Assessing Agripreneurship Action for the Green Scheme Irrigation Projects, Namibia

The main aim of this paper is to develop a framework aimed at assessing the agricultural entrepreneurship action for the Namibian Green Scheme Irrigation Projects (GSIP). The paper examine the factors affecting the entrepreneurship action of small-scale irrigation farmers (SSIF) at the Etunda GSIP. The paper used a quantitative research approach to yield descriptive and inferential statistics of the agricultural entrepreneurs’ perspective concerning their operations experiences at the GSIP. The study used Microsoft Office Excel 2019 analytical tool pack to analyse the data. The key findings revealed that all the SSIF operating at the Etunda GSIP are not only affected by individual factors but also by policy environment, finance, business support services, market environment, infrastructure as well as ecological factors. This paper addresses specifically one of the Namibian GSIP whereby it only adopted the perspective of SSIF. The study presents a framework that praises sectoral stakeholder connections that would help improve not only the GSIP performance but also the overall performance of the Namibian agricultural sector. The paper offers policymakers and practitioners a blueprint for developing entrepreneurship in an agricultural sector, especially around the Namibian GSIP.

Designing a Framework for Assessing Agripreneurship Action for the Green Scheme Irrigation Projects, Namibia

The main aim of this paper is to develop a framework aimed at assessing the agricultural entrepreneurship action for the Namibian Green Scheme Irrigation Projects (GSIP). The paper examine the factors affecting the entrepreneurship action of small-scale irrigation farmers (SSIF) at the Etunda GSIP. The paper used a quantitative research approach to yield descriptive and inferential statistics of the agricultural entrepreneurs’ perspective concerning their operations experiences at the GSIP. The study used Microsoft Office Excel 2019 analytical tool pack to analyse the data. The key findings revealed that all the SSIF operating at the Etunda GSIP are not only affected by individual factors but also by policy environment, finance, business support services, market environment, infrastructure as well as ecological factors. This paper addresses specifically one of the Namibian GSIP whereby it only adopted the perspective of SSIF. The study presents a framework that praises sectoral stakeholder connections that would help improve not only the GSIP performance but also the overall performance of the Namibian agricultural sector. The paper offers policymakers and practitioners a blueprint for developing entrepreneurship in an agricultural sector, especially around the Namibian GSIP.

Economic Transformation: How Does the Agricultural Sector Performance in Indonesia's Regional Economic Structure?

This study aims to analyze the performance of the agricultural sector on the structure of the regional economy in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data in the form of the 2016 Indonesian Inter-Regional Input-Output Table, classified for 52 sectors and 34 provinces. Contribution analysis in the IRIO approach is used to answer research objectives. The research results show that the agricultural sector in producing output, allocating input to other sectors, providing final demand, absorbing the output of other sectors, and forming primary input in each region in Indonesia has different contributions. These different contributions are adjusted to the resource potential of each region. In particular, the agricultural sector in North Maluku Province has a significant role in the economic structure of North Maluku. The North Maluku agricultural sector has a contribution in producing output, providing final demand, absorbing intermediate inputs, and forming primary inputs that are higher than the average contribution of other provinces in Indonesia.

Performance of agriculture sector in Uttar Pradesh, India: District level analysis

Performance of agriculture sector in Uttar Pradesh, India: District level analysis

What Affects Crop Production in Pakistan: The Role of Agriculture Employment, Machinery and Fertilizer Consumption

Labor abundant or under developing economies normally rely on their agriculture sector. The performance of agriculture sector depends on the production of cropping, livestock, fishery, and forestry sectors. The contribution of both cropping and livestock sectors in the agriculture production is almost 96.42 percent while the cropping sector contributes almost 33.85 percent during the fiscal year 20-2021 [Pakistan Economic Survey, 2020-2021]. The focus of this study is to investigate the factors which may influence the performance of crop production in Pakistan. For this purpose, bounds testing approach for the sample period from 1976 to 2022 is considered. The empirical results reveal that employment in agriculture sector, agriculture machinery, fertilizer consumption and urban population significantly boost the pace of crop production while the role of raw material imports is witnessed to be insignificant. The above reported results proposes that utilization of latest agriculture machinery, advanced fertilizers and high employability in agriculture sector may be encouraged to uplift the share of cropping sector in agriculture production in Pakistan.

Funding the Nigerian Agricultural Sector for Improved Performance: The Role of Migrant Workers’ Foreign Remittances Inflows

Although there is a plethora of empirical evidence on the impact of foreign remittances inflows on economic growth in Nigeria, there are few studies that investigated the impact of foreign remittances on agricultural sector performance in the country. This study therefore examined the impact of funding on the performance of the agricultural sector in Nigeria with emphasis on the role of foreign remittances inflows. Specifically, the study investigated the impact of foreign remittances inflows, government expenditure on agriculture, bank credit to agriculture, the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund, and exchange rate on agricultural sector output performance in Nigeria. Exchange rate was used as a control variable. The Johansen co-integration test, Error Correction Mechanism (ECM), and Granger causality test were used to estimate the annual time-series data for the period of 1981 to 2021. The findings from the study revealed that foreign remittances inflows, government expenditure on agriculture, and loans guaranteed under the Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (ACGSE) have significant positive impact on agricultural sector performance. On the other hand, bank credits to agriculture and exchange rate have insignificant negative impact on agricultural sector performance. Among other things, it is recommended that recipients of foreign remittances in Nigeria should be encouraged to invest more in the agricultural sector.

Public Expenditure and the Performance of the Agricultural Sector of the Nigerian Economy

The study focused on the investigation of the effect of public expenditure on the performance of the Nigerian agricultural sector. It covers a period from 1990 to 2023. The methodology applied is Autoregressive distributed lag and the data were sourced from both the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, 2023 edition and the World Bank Tables 2023 edition. The findings from the study revealed that there are positive and significant impacts of government expenditure, tax, and trade openness on agricultural production in the short run confirms the importance of well-targeted government investments and supportive policies in promoting agricultural development. However, the negative and significant effect of inflation on agricultural production underscores the need for effective inflation management strategies to maintain stability and protect the purchasing power of farmers and consumers. Policymakers should take into account these findings when formulating agricultural and macroeconomic policies to ensure sustained growth in the agricultural sector and overall economic development.

Credit Financing and Agricultural Development in Nigeria

This study investigates the short-run dynamics and long-run link between credit financing offered by Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) and agricultural development in Nigeria for a period of 1981 to 2020. A quantitative ex-post facto research design was employed to analyze bank credit impact on agricultural advancement at both aggregate and sub-sectoral agricultural production. The research strategy utilized allows the use of economic series obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin (2021) and World Bank Development Indicators (2021) to be analyzed by Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation technique. From ARDL estimations, it is indicated that DMBs loans and advances have significantly negative short-run impacts on agricultural development in Nigeria at both aggregate and sub-sector levels. However, Bounds Testing analysis shows that the impacts of DMBs financing on Nigeria agriculture sector and labour employment in the sector become positively significant over a long period at aggregate level and for crop production only as a sub-sector. But the observed positive long-run impact of DMBs lending to agriculture was not significant for advancement of other sub-sectors (livestock, fishing and forestry). Hence, the study affirms that in the short run DMBs lending significantly slow down agricultural development in Nigeria but increases it significantly in the long run. The study recommends that there is need for agricultural policy makers and governments in Nigeria to develop appropriate specific agricultural financing mechanism that can aid performance of agricultural sector in the short-run and maintain long-run positive gains in the sector.

Impact of public research investments on agricultural productivity in Chile

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between public research and development (R&D) investment and agricultural productivity growth in Chile during the 1964–2017 period. To achieve this objective, we used a combined approach based on accounting and econometric measures. The results indicated that agricultural productivity grew at an annual average rate of 2.11%. Additionally, the empirical findings show a positive and significant relationship between public R&D investment and agricultural productivity. Furthermore, the cost–benefit analysis reveals a high return (15%–21%) to public R&D resources, which may have contributed to enhancing the productivity performance of Chile's agricultural sector. In this regard, our findings suggest that agricultural R&D spending has been profitable in recent decades and that a higher allocation of R&D resources is justifiable. [EconLit Citations: C22, Q14, Q16].

Kondisi dan Strategi Pertanian Indonesia dalam Memenangkan ACFTA (Asean-China Free Trade Area)

This study intends to determine the condition of import and export, farmers' welfare, and food security in Indonesia in the face of ACFTA and to determine changes in the performance of the Indonesian agricultural sector after the ACFTA phenomenon. The research method used in this research is Literature Review to collect data and information about the state of agriculture in Indonesia, agricultural policies in Indonesia, Indonesia's export and import, and food security in Indonesia at the time the ACFTA was enacted. The results of this study indicate that in the implementation of the ACFTA, the Indonesian agricultural sector showed a decrease in production of 0.87% which resulted in a decrease in GDP of 0.22%. In addition, there is a possibility that Indonesia will become dependent on other countries' agricultural commodities, which could threaten the country's food security. Therefore, Indonesia has implemented several policies and strategies to overcome this, such as setting government purchasing prices and highest retail prices, developing food diversification, government agency supervision of local agricultural commodities, labeling, assessment and national standardization of local agricultural commodities. to provide incentives to farmers.

PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN DRYLANDS OF JATH TEHSIL OF SANGLI DISTRICT

There are several possibilities for increasing the income of farmers. There are different strategies of crop productions for different states/regions and they are location-specific. The performance of agriculture sector depends on rainfall, climate change, resource scarcity, changing demand pattern of food and agriculture products and many more uncertainties. Particularly, Jath tehsil is a drought-prone tehsil and it has almost all area as dryland area. The farmers in this area choose to an effective risk-coping strategy of farming, because they are not aware of the risks faced and they are unable to manage them effectively. So, they adopt subsistence farming strategy. KEY WORDS: production, drought-prone area, dryland, risk-coping, livelihood, diversification, climate

Credit Financing and Agricultural Sector Performance in Nigeria (1989–2019)

Providing people with a good standard of living through food consumption, businesses with employment opportunities, and the government with tax revenue through product exports, as well as creating an environment that is favorable for the economy to flourish, determines how well the agricultural sector is performing. Due to insufficient funding, excessive interest rates, and poor policy measures, the agricultural sector's performance continues to suffer. Therefore from 1989 to 2019, the study examined the impact of credit finance on agricultural performance in Nigeria. An ex-post facto research design was used in the study. The study made use of Time series data. The data were obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin. The study employed descriptive statistics, unit root test, co-integration, bound test, and Auto regressive Distributed lag models, and inferences were made at 5 percent significant level. The study showed that Deposit money banks credit to the Agricultural sector was positively related and significant to agricultural sector performance in Nigeria (β=0.759; P=0.004), while government expenditure on agriculture was positively related and significant to agricultural sector performance in Nigeria (β=0.598; P=0.0002) and interest rate posits a positive but insignificant effect on agricultural sector performance in Nigeria (β=0.1507, P=0.580) within the observed period. The study concluded that deposit money banks' credit to the agricultural sector and government expenditure on the agricultural sector has positively influenced agricultural sector performance, while interest rate on deposit money banks' credit does not have a significant effect on agricultural sector performance. It was recommended that Commercial banks should establish a panel examining committee to make sure that the money distributed is rigorously used for its intended purpose and is not diverted in any way. The delay and strict requirements in assessing deposit money banks' credit and facilities should be overhauled.

Analysis Role and Contribution of The Agricultural Sector in Sukoharjo District

Sukoharjo Regency is one of the buffer districts in Central Java apart from Klaten Regency. Sukoharjo Regency has a potential agricultural sector, so this sector is the region's mainstay. This study aims to identify the role of the agricultural sector in economic development by analyzing the agricultural sector's performance (basis/not) and knowing the agricultural sector's contribution to the Gross Regional domestic product. The data used in this research is time series data from 2013-2017, sourced from the Central Statistics Agency of Sukoharjo Regency. The data analysis method used in this research is Location Quotient and Contribution. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the agricultural sector in Sukoharjo district was a basic sector, while the agricultural sector's contribution to the total Gross Regional Domestic Product was the highest in 2013, with a contribution of 9.86%. Keywords: Sukoharjo, LQ, Contribution, GDPJEL Classification: O40, R10, Q00

Model of agricultural performance in Aceh

This study aims to develop a model of agricultural performance in Aceh. Multiple regression analysis was used as the research’s analytical approach. The Random Effect model (REM) was selected to estimate the performance of agriculture sector. The research results show that labor absorption in agriculture sector is significantly affected by minimum wages, regional gross domestic product, and investment. Based on the relationship between variables, the minimum wage has a negative relationship, gross regional domestic product and investment relate positively to labor absorption in the agricultural sector. The amount of labor absorption in agriculture sector will have an effect on the sustainability of food safety.

Cracking the Code of Crop Growth: Illuminating the Future of Philippines’ Onion Production for a Resilient Filipino Diet with the ARMA Forecasting Model

This study employed the Box-Jenkins methodology and the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model to forecast onion production in the Philippines. By utilizing historical data from the Philippine Statistics Authority, an optimal forecasting solution was achieved through the selection of the ARMA (4,2) model. The model demonstrated a favorable fit, passing diagnostic tests and exhibiting a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 10.406%. Projections for onion production in 2023 and 2024 were provided, highlighting expected yields for each quarter. The analysis of historical data revealed periodic fluctuations in onion supply driven by factors such as weather patterns, market demand, agricultural practices, and imports or exports. The study's implications emphasize the value of accurate forecasting models for decision-making in production planning, resource allocation, pricing, and market positioning. Policymakers, farmers, and stakeholders can utilize the findings to optimize onion production sustainably and enhance the agricultural sector's performance in the Philippines.