Agricultural Input Prices Research Articles

ANALISIS PERBEDAAN SISTEM PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN PADA MASA SEBELUM DAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KABUPATEN MALANG

The agricultural extension system is a whole series of development of abilities, knowledge, skills and attitudes of main actors and business actors through extension. The agricultural extension system in Indonesia has experienced quite dynamic ups and downs since the COVID-19 pandemic hit this country. The extension system has changed in line with the policies taken by the government in response to Covid-19. This research aims to determine the effect of differences in agricultural extension systems before and during COVID-19 in the Malang Regency. This research method is descriptive qualitative with data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling. The research analysis results show significant differences in the agricultural extension system before and during COVID-19 in Malang Regency. During the pandemic, there have been significant changes in agricultural extension methods. Online methods and information technology are increasingly dominant, while face-to-face meetings have decreased drastically. Even though online methods are increasing, there are challenges in information accessibility for some farmers, especially farmers who live in rural areas with limited technological infrastructure. Farmer participation in extension activities tends to decrease during the pandemic. Factors such as technological limitations, unstable internet connections, and difficulty understanding online material are the main causes. The Covid-19 pandemic has also had a significant economic impact on farmers. The main challenges faced by farmers during the pandemic are limited market access, increasing prices of agricultural inputs, and decreasing selling prices for agricultural products.

A Bayesian approach to assessing uncertainty in the effect of fertilization strategies on paddy rice yield via multiple on-farm experiments

ABSTRACT The surge in global agricultural input prices, particularly for nitrogen (N) fertilizers, has presented challenges for farmers facing stagnant crop prices and rising production costs. This study explored a system designed to sustain or enhance farmers’ income while reducing production costs, with a specific focus on implementing practices that involve cultivating crops with lower rates of fertilizer than conventional rates, particularly in smaller land settings, through on-farm experimentation (OFE). OFE was conducted over three years across 11 fields in Gifu, Japan, utilizing a strip trial design to investigate the effect of fertilizer input rates on rice yield. To collect yield data, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-mounted multispectral cameras were deployed. A Gaussian process model was used to address the impact of fertilizer input rates on yield while accounting for spatial yield variation. The study further assessed the number of field trials achieving positive profits at certain probability levels by integrating outcomes from multiple OFEs. The results highlighted little rice yield response to fertilizer input in most of the fields, while several fields showed significant positive yield responses. Notably, the use of lower fertilizer input rates in certain fields proved to be more profitable whereas higher fertilizer input rates were less profitable in most fields. The results further emphasized the economic viability of lower rates, especially when fertilizer prices are high, thus contributing valuable insights for sustainable and profitable rice production in Japanese cultivation.

Factors Affecting the Farmer’s Use of Modern Irrigation Systems in Northern Aleppo

This study investigates the adoption of modern irrigation methods, specifically sprinkler and drip irrigation, among farmers in northern Aleppo, Syria. Through a sample of 210 farmers selected via random sampling, we analyze how socio-demographic, geographic, and socio-economic factors impacting the adoption of modern irrigation methods. Using the chi-square test of independence, we compared users and non-users of modern irrigation systems to discern significant disparities across various characteristics. Our findings indicate the use of modern irrigation methods is influenced by various factors in northern Aleppo. These include the educational level of the farmers, the number of years of experience in agriculture, the size of the family, the slope of the land, the distance of the land from surface water sources, the size of the farm, the source of labor, ownership of an agricultural tractor, and the prices of agricultural inputs. In light of these insights, we propose targeted interventions by local authorities and agricultural extension organizations to promote modern irrigation methods in collaboration with educated and experienced farmers. Additionally, raising awareness among farmers about the water crisis and the importance of modern irrigation for enhancing production should be prioritized. Moreover, ensuring the accessibility of quality irrigation supplies at affordable prices, potentially through the facilitation of soft loans, stands imperative to incentivize adoption among interested stakeholders.

UNVEILING THE UNTOLD STORIES OF THE BANANA LOCAL FARMERS AMID THE TIME OF PANDEMIC: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

The purpose of this qualitative study in a phenomenological approach was to unveil the untold stories of the diverse banana local farmers amid COVID-19 pandemic in Kapalong, Davao del Norte. It aimed to find out the reason why they got involved in that situation, the challenges they had experienced, how they coped with these challenges and their insights regarding their immense situations. The participants of the study were the fourteen (14) banana local farmers in Kapalong, Davao del Norte, Philippines. The data collection methods used and employed in the study were in-depth interview and focus group discussion. By which, after collecting data, it was gathered and found that the participants have experienced difficulties in banana farming during pandemic time such as dealing with agricultural input prices, dealing with travel restrictions, problems on banana packing due to curfew hours and dealing with problems on Fusarium wilt. The findings also revealed that banana local farmers amidst COVID-19 pandemic were maintaining optimism, drawing strength from ones family and starting early the banana packing process. Finally, the different insights of banana local farmers amidst COVID-19 pandemic were revealed such as lack of government support to farmers, staying disciplined at work, importance of financial literacy during this time and importance of hard work in these trying times. KEYWORDS: Banana local farmers, COVID-19 pandemic, qualitative study, phenomenology, Philippines.

Prices of Means of Production in Agriculture and Agricultural Prices and Income in Poland During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Theoretical background: Agriculture is an input-intensive sector of the economy. The sector of means of production in agriculture is one of the three basic components of the food economy. The prices of agricultural inputs shape the operational costs of farms and significantly affect their income situation. Key agricultural inputs represent fertilizers, plant protection products, seeds, energy and labour force. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the functioning of food systems all over the world, including in Poland. The agricultural sector in Poland faced several challenges, including the surge in prices of means of production in agriculture. Purpose of the article: The study aims to identify and assess changes in the prices of means of production in agriculture and the impact of changes in these prices on the dynamics of selling prices of agricultural products and the income situation of farms in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research methods: The study employs various research methods, including critical literature analysis, the descriptive approach, the comparative method, verbal logic, and descriptive statistical methods. Moreover, we utilize a standardised questionnaire method utilising the CATI (computer-assisted telephone interviewing) technique, targeting 50 experts in the field of agricultural economics, to gather their perspectives on the possibility of transferring the rise in agricultural production costs to the pricing of products sold during the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary data come from the Statistics Poland, the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture (ARMA), and the National Bank of Poland (NBP). The research period covers the years 2017–2021, with particular emphasis on the years 2020–2021, i.e., the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Main findings: Research results show that only in 2020, the prices of goods purchased for current agricultural production decreased. However, in 2021, the costs of materials and services and other costs in agriculture, including wages, increased at a record pace. The demand-side causes of such cost increases were increases in money supply and agricultural income. Supply-side causes were shaped by commodity prices and wages. In Poland, the prices of goods and services purchased by farms were less variable than the prices of goods sold. The data analysis did not reveal significant relationships regarding the dynamics of the prices discussed. Such a conclusion is also confirmed by the results of a questionnaire survey directed to experts in agricultural economics. The responses concerning the possibility of transferring the increase in production costs to the prices of sold products during the pandemic years varied. In the years 2017–2021, the income situation of Polish farms was variable. In 2020, increases in income from production factors, operating surplus, and farmer’s income, and their decreases in 2021, were inversely correlated with changes in production costs in agriculture.

Determinants of crop diversification among smallholder farmers within marshes around Bukavu, Eastern DR Congo

In the South Kivu province of the democratic republic of Congo, smallholder farmers have been draining marshlands for years to grow a variety of crops into a mixed cropping system. This study based on interviews with smallholder farmers examines the drivers of crop diversification and the challenges these farmers face in marshes where various crops are grown for food and income security. Results showed that in these marshy landscapes, crop diversification system is traditionally rooted in local farming practices (84%), and this is designed to meet farmers’ self-consumption and market objectives (72%), and also withstand risks associated with the changing climate and pest outbreaks (91%). Further, results from the logistic regression showed that farming experience, farm size, and livestock ownership influence significantly farmers ‘decisions to diversify crops. However, farmers claimed to face increasing prices of agricultural inputs (73%) and unusual crop theft (32%) during this ongoing COVID-19 pandemic whereas floods and pest attack as well as plant diseases are raising more concerns among farmers. Although farmers acknowledged the significant roles of livestock in easily acquiring manure and mulch to improve croplands, they still requested specific interventions in terms of priorities (e.g drainage equipment, pest management information) to strengthen the resilience and sustainability of agriculture within marshes.JEL Classification Q01; Q10; R14

Measurement Indicators and an Evaluation Approach for Assessing the Sustainable Development Capacity of Tropical Agriculture: A Case Study for Hainan Province, China

Agriculture is increasingly facing major challenges, such as climate change, the scarcity of natural resources, environmental degradation, labor shortages, and changing societal demands. To meet these challenges, there is an urgent need to move towards more sustainable agricultural practices. The aim of this research was to construct the evaluation index system for the sustainable development of tropical agriculture and evaluate the sustainable development level of tropical agriculture in China’s Hainan Province from 1988 to 2020. Eighteen indicators were selected from the four aspects of agricultural resources, the ecological environment, economic conditions, and social conditions to establish an evaluation index system for the sustainable development of tropical agriculture. A combination of the Coefficient of Variation Method (CVM) and the Index Weighted Method (IWM) was applied to evaluate the comprehensive index of the sustainable development of tropical agriculture. The results of our research indicate that there were significant differences in the level of sustainable agricultural development in Hainan in 2020 across counties and cities, with a downward trend from the central mountainous areas to the surrounding coastal areas. The cities and counties of Wuzhishan, Lingshui, and Qiongzhong had a high level of sustainable development, while Sanya, Dongfang, Wenchang, Qionghai, Ding’an, Danzhou, and Haikou had a low level. From 1988 to 2020, the sustainable development level of tropical agriculture in the province gradually improved, with the highest improvement value of the sustainability index (SI) in Wuzhishan, Wanning, Chengmai, Linggao, and Lingshui and the lowest improvement value of the SI in Baisha, Haikou, and Sanya. Indicators such as the use of agricultural mechanization, construction of farmland infrastructure, improvement of crop productivity, investment in science and technology, and investment in agricultural insurance played a positive role in promoting sustainable development. However, the high use of fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural films per unit area and the increase in agricultural input prices were not conducive to the sustainable development of tropical agriculture. It is suggested to strengthen the construction and protection of farmland quality, improve the farmland ecological environment, promote agricultural scientific and technological innovation, and formulate feasible policies for the sustainable development of tropical agriculture. The results provide a basic theoretical and methodological reference for achieving Hainan’s sustainable development goals and for assessing the sustainable development capacity of tropical agriculture in similar regions.

A price index of farmed fish: The case of Turkish aquaculture market

This study analyzed the market price dynamics of farmed fish using a price index in Turkey. A specific “Price Index” incorporating the leading aquaculture species produced by Turkish aquaculture, has been calculated for a five-year period spanning from 2016 to 2020. The empirical analysis is based on 60-month price and quantity data of chosen aquaculture species traded in a major wholesale fish market. Calculated prize index clearly indicates the noticeable effects of unusual economic and market dynamics on farmed fish prices. The significant increase in prices of agricultural inputs including aquafeed, electricity, fuel, maintenance of materials, and maintenance of buildings, as well as the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, are the major factors influencing upward changes in price index. The “Turkish Aquaculture Price Index” is a practical tool that uses numerical expressions to reflect the periodic increase or decrease in the price of the aquaculture product commodity and makes significant contributions to understanding the price patterns and factors that have a cointegrated relation with the price changes in aquaculture market.

An Analysis of Factors Affecting Agriculture Productivity in Thanjavur District of the Cauvery Delta Region

Agriculture plays a vital role in achieving food and nutritional security of the country. Cauvery delta zone in Tamil Nadu is a major contributor to agriculture production in the state. But in the recent years there is a decline in production of this region and farmer's conditions has deteriorated in the delta region since 2010. Atleast 80% of land in Thanjavur district had forgone the Kuruvai crop in the last five years and there has been a noticeable decline in agricultural land in this region due to climate change. The factors like change in soil water intrusion, increase in irrigation patterns and prices of agricultural inputs leads farmers to have low incomes(Jagannathan & Ramaraj, 2016). Further, the Climate change has increased cost of production for farmers as they are forced to buy more pesticides and insecticides to resolve new crop diseases. Scarcity of water and indebtedness are the common reasons behind farmers’ suicides in the Cauvery delta region(Sabarisakthi, 2016). An understanding of the nature of landholding is required to understand the importance of agriculture to household income. According to the Agriculture Census 2010-11, Small and marginal farmers cultivating less than five acres account for 91% of all farmers in Nagapattinam, 90% in Thiruvarur and 93% in Thanjavur. The proportion of net area sown to total geographical area is more than 50% in Thanjavur and Nagapattinam and more than 70% in Thiruvarur district, highlighting the importance of agriculture. This paper studies the problems faced by the farmers in the region and reasons behind the decline in agriculture activities over the years. Furthermore, this study uses time series analysis to analyse land use and cropping patterns in the Tamil Nadu district. The results reveals that there is a decrease in net sown area and change in cropping pattern due to erratic rainfall pattern and inadequate water facilities available for irrigation in the district.

An Analysis of Allocative Efficiency of Wheat Growers in Northern Pakistan

For the last couple of years several agricultural and trade experts have been advocating if Pakistan has to compete in the international market for export of agricultural products then it needs to decrease the cost of production. In the light of Agreement on Agriculture of WTO, member countries are required to provide increased market access, decrease domestic support and tariff. These agreements are likely to increase the cost of production of various agricultural products for farmers producing these products, and make international competition tougher for export of agricultural commodities. There are three possible ways to decrease the cost of production—by decreasing cost of inputs, by developing cost effective high yielding technologies or by improving management practices. There is little hope for decrease in the cost of inputs. Over the recent years prices of the petroleum products, were revised upward several times and this trend is likely to continue in future. Similarly, there was increase in the prices of gas, electricity and other agricultural inputs. Historically, in Pakistan, increase in prices of agricultural inputs has been much higher than the increase in prices of agricultural outputs [Pakistan (1988)]. Under these circumstances there is little hope of decease in prices of agricultural inputs. As far as development of new agricultural technologies, particularly high yielding varieties, is concerned it is a long-term process. It takes several years to develop a new variety and in its formal approval for distribution to farmers. Nevertheless, there is room for decreasing cost of producing through improvement in the management practices. When economists talk about improvement in the management practices they talk in terms of ‘technical efficiency’ and ‘allocative efficiency’. Technical efficiency has been defined as firm’s ability to produce maximum output given a set of inputs and technology.

Perception of farmers on the impact of lockdown due to Covid-19 on agriculture and oil palm cultivation in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India

A study was conducted to find the impact of lockdown due to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on agriculture, in general, and on oil palm cultivation, in specific. Results revealed that the majority of the farmers contacted had 26-30 years of farming experience, were between 31-60 years of age, were educated up to high school level, with an average of four family members and possessed medium landholdings. The crops grown by these farmers include oil palm, maize, coconut, paddy, cocoa and vegetables. The majority of them had irrigated dry lands. All the farmers were aware about the reasons for the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Areas where lockdown impact was visible on agriculture, either directly or indirectly, include labour availability, high cost of labour, harvesting, transport, and market prices. Resources affected due to lockdown were labour, fertilizers, harvesting, transport etc. All cultural practices were adopted in oil palm. The majority of the respondents perceived that oil palm was not affected compared to other crops during the lockdown; they opined to have obtained a good market price for oil palm during the lockdown period. Most of them informed that they received oil palm cultivation related messages sent by ICAR-IIOPR, Pedavegi. They perceived to be aware of the technologies during the lockdown period. Messages (SMS) on oil palm irrigation, cultivation practices, and fertigation were adopted. The need for Government assistance during the lockdown period was felt in the following aspects for different crops, viz., marketing, cultivation assistance, and transport. Farmers perceived that lockdown might have long-term implications due to the non-availability of labour for harvesting crops. It is evident from the study that crops affected severely during the lockdown period require long term strategies to mitigate the problems faced. Farmers must be supported with minimum support price (MSP), transport facilities and ad hoc strategies to sell their products through the government purchase mechanism. A need for monitoring the increase in the prices of agricultural inputs was also felt.

Substrato de bagana de carnaúba e aplicação de substâncias húmicas na produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo

ABSTRACT Owing to the high prices of agricultural inputs, it is necessary to seek alternatives that minimize costs during the seedling production stage, such as the use of agro-industrial residues to formulate substrates and the application of humic substances to increase the availability of nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings in substrates based on carnauba bagana under increasing doses of humic substances. The design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, referring to three substrates formulated with carnauba bagana (0, 50 and 100 %) plus soil and four doses of humic substances (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 g L-1). The use of carnauba bagana in the substrate increased the leaf area, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root volume, shoot and root dry mass, and improved the seedlings quality. The application of humic substances to the substrate did not stimulate the seedlings development.

Ranljivost slovenskega prehranskega sistema v povezavi z vojno v Ukrajini

The Russian-Ukrainian war brings many economic and social challenges. Among other, it causes turmoil in the global energy and food markets, affects the functioning of global food systems and threatens food security. Ukraine and Russia are important global exporters of cereals, oilseeds, fossil fuels, and mineral fertilizers. The war disrupts the flow of these goods to the world market, which has greatly increased their prices and in some countries caused food shortages. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the war on food chains in Slovenia. For this purpose, the self-sufficiency in cereals, the agri-food trade between Slovenia and the two countries at war, and the prices of some agricultural commodities and inputs were analysed. The results show that the import of agri-food products from Ukraine and Russia to Slovenia is not significant, but the negative effects of the war are felt nevertheless. These are shown mainly through the rising prices of production inputs, as well as uncertain political and economic developments, which affect stakeholders along the entire food chains. Due to various factors, the world prices of agricultural inputs and commodities were already at a very high level even before the Russian invasion, and additional pressure on prices was caused by the outbreak of war. The European Union, which is Slovenia’s main trading partner, covers domestic needs for most agricultural products through production, so there is no threat of food shortages. Nevertheless, food affordability remains a major concern due to high market prices and inflationary trends.

Study of The Behavioral Aspects Related to The Production and Marketing of Balady Lime Among Farmers at some Villages of El-Tahrier District at El-Beheira Governorate

This research is mainly aimed to study the behavioral aspects related to the production and marketing of Balady Lime among farmers at some villages of El-Tahrier District, El-Beheira Governorate, The data were collected using a questionnaire with a personal interview, of 158 respondents' farmers which were randomly selected from the farmers growing Balady Lime at the village of Al-Maraka, El-Tahrier District, and represent about 14% of total holders, during the months of November and December 2020. The data were downloaded and scheduled, using statistical methods such as percentages, means, standard deviation, Pearson's simple correlation coefficient and frequency distribution tables were used to explain and interpret the results. The most important findings of the research showed that: - (32.2%) of the respondents had a lack of knowledge level ranging between low and medium according to the technical recommendations concerned with the production and marketing of the Balady Lime, while (54.4%) of them had a low and moderate level of total implementation of the technical recommendations concerned with the production and marketing of the Balady Lime. - A progressive and significant correlation between the respondents' knowledge level as a first dependent variable and (Age, area of ​​agricultural land, Balady Lime grown area, years of experience in Balady Lime farming), and the degree of the respondents' implementation to the technical recommendations concerned with the production and marketing of the Balady Lime as a second dependent variable and (Age, area of ​​agricultural land, Balady Lime grown area, years of experience in Balady Lime farming). - The most important problems facing the Balady Lime respondents farmers was the high prices of agricultural inputs, the spread of Gummosis disease, the dangerous and rapid spread of various insect, fungal and viral pests, the high costs of treatment disease and insect injuries, the low price of the crop, the control by traders of supply prices, the high cost of harvesting and the lack of availability of manufacturing.

The impact of agricultural input costs on food prices in Turkey: A case study

Food price inflation has been a significant subject of debate in Turkey since food prices soared in 2018. The study examines the linkage between agricultural input prices and food prices in Turkey by using quantitative method approaches with the monthly data spanning from 2015-M01 to 2020-M01. A co-integration analysis is performed using the autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach and Maki co-integration test with structural breaks. Additionally, the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and canonical co-integrating regression (CCR) are applied to verify the results of the ARDL approach. The analysis demonstrates a significant, long-running relationship between agricultural input prices and food prices in Turkey. The long-run agricultural input price elasticities are found to be in the range of 1.30–1.36.

Potential threats to agricultural food production and farmers’ coping strategies in the marshlands of Kabare in the Democratic Republic of Congo

In the South Kivu province of the DR Congo, marshes are considered as favorable lands for various crop productions, and these improve food security and livelihood of thousands of households. We analyzed survey data collected from 148 farmers using a binary logit model and descriptive statistics in order to identify the potential threats to agricultural production, and the coping strategies used by farmers in marshlands. Results showed that 65% of respondents were female, and 76% of all farmers claimed perceiving threats to agricultural production in marshes. The perceived potential threats to agriculture included floods, pest infestation (millipede, fall armyworm), crop theft, and unsecure land-holding status as well as the decrease in soil fertility. Moreover, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also led to the increase in prices of agricultural inputs (pesticides, seeds), and manure that has become increasingly rare and expensive due to the drastic reduction in livestock in that region weakened by several years of civil war and insecurity. In response, farmers were combining several adaptation strategies and these included drainage, mulching, manure application, and crop diversification used by farmers for, respectively, managing floods, maintaining soil fertility, and reducing crop failure. To cope with land scarcity, both female (75%) and male farmers (60%) claimed seeking for lands in highlands and renting extra plots in the same marshes or elsewhere. Despite the strategies implemented, there is still a need to strengthen farmers’ knowledge of flood and pesticide management and promote the integrated pest management practices for a sustainable use of marshlands.

The role of tax cuts on agricultural input prices in Turkey

The role of tax cuts on agricultural input prices in Turkey

Socio-economic analysis of farmers facing asymmetric information in inputs markets: evidence from the rainfed zone of Pakistan

Information asymmetry plays an important role in the non-adoption of modern agricultural inputs like improved seeds, pesticides and fertilizers etc. Therefore, this study investigated the role of farmers’ socio-economic attributes and farm level characteristics in avoiding asymmetry of information in agricultural input markets (i.e. exaggerated prices and low quality). The approach captures the farm level heterogeneity and complexity that may help the authorities in strengthening existing market regulations to control price and quality disparities. We analysed 395 randomly selected farm households using multinomial logit model. We found that farmers with large landholding size are less likely to face quality and more likely to face price information asymmetry. Farmers with higher education, more physical assets and better access to other sources of information are less likely to face both quality and price information asymmetry. Borrowers as compared to purchasers are more likely to face information asymmetry on prices of agricultural inputs. Non-adopters of improved agricultural technologies are more suspicious of information asymmetry than adopters. The paper thus provides evidence that the socio-economic dynamics of information asymmetry can have an important influence on wide spread adoption of technology. Paying more attention to farm level heterogeneity and complexity would help to develop general market management plan and improve the adoption of technology by farmers.

Mobile money adoption and households’ vulnerability to shocks: Evidence from Togo

ABSTRACTWe investigate the determinants of mobile money adoption process and whether its use helps households in Togo to be resilient to predictable and unpredictable life events. Using ordered logit and sequential logit models, our results show that in the adoption process, households benefit from weak ties of social groups such as religious group and informal saving group for the adoption of mobile money. We equally find that being client of banks or microfinance institutions act as powerful channels from one step to another in the process. Besides, our findings reveal that households whoever use mobile money seem to be more resilient to climatic shocks such as drought, irregular rain, soil degradation, erosion and fertility reduction and to shock that affect households’ assets (non-climatic: high prices of agricultural inputs). However, the picture is more contrasted when the individuals are classified by disadvantaged groups such as rural people, women, less educated and people with low incomes.

Gana’da Seçilmiş Gıda Fiyatları İle Makroekonomik Değişkenler Arasındaki Kısa ve Uzun Dönem İlişkinin Tahmini

Lagged food prices directly cause food price rise in Ghana and indirectly by crude oil and exchange rates. High import prices of agricultural inputs and biofuel discovery are reasons for causality. This paper analysed the short and long-run relationship between crude oil, exchange rate, and selected agricultural food commodity prices in Ghana. Johansen test was applied to lagged time periods to identify cointegration relation and error correction for long run adjustments. Weak exogeneity was also conducted among the cointegration variables. Shocks were transferred from lagged prices to current in Ghana. This causes shocks and speculations in grain markets in Ghana.