Aggressive Packet Combining Research Articles

IRS-aided NOMA-based communication architecture for 6G wireless networks: An enhanced error-control and reliable data transmission

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a key technology for sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication to obtain high energy and spectral efficiency with a minimum cost. On the other hand, non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enhances the spectrum efficiency of the network. The combining schemes are implemented to obtain error-free data at the receiver. This paper proposes an IRS-aided NOMA-based packet combining (PC) and aggressive packet combining (APC) schemes-assisted communication architecture to enhance service quality and achieve sustainable and resilient connectivity among users for 6G wireless networks. In this paper, the mathematical model has been derived for the instantaneous achievable data rate, bit error rate, outage probability, and packet correction capability. The derived analytical expressions are validated through detailed Monte Carlo simulations. The obtained results show that the proposed schemes outperform the conventional NOMA with PC and NOMA with APC schemes and facilitate enhanced error control and reliable data transmission capabilities. Moreover, the proposed schemes have been compared with the IRS-aided orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes, where IRS-aided OMA schemes are considered benchmarks of the proposed schemes. It is presented that the proposed schemes are superior to the conventional OMA with PC and APC schemes and IRS-aided OMA with PC and APC schemes.

A Combined Technique of SC + MPC + APC to Achieve Higher Error Correction Probability and Throughput Over APC and MPC Techniques in a Wireless Network

In this paper, we present the combined techniques of Selection Combining (SC), Modified Packet Combining (MPC) and Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) for higher probability of packet error correction and packet throughput in three branches diversity system (multi-path) over conventional MPC and APC techniques. The three copies of the same packet are used to transmit from transmitter (Tx) to receiver (Rx) in three paths. Like in conventional SC technique, the Rx checks all the received copies individually from three paths whether the received copies are correct or not using frame checking sequences. If any one of the received copies is obtained, the correct copy then it will discard the remaining copies and request for next packet; otherwise the received erroneous copies will be combined. The combined erroneous copies perform ‘r’ number of pair-wise XORed after the erroneous copies are performed bit converted in MPC technique. If ‘r’ pair-wise XOR operations fail to recover the original copy, then APC technique implements with the converted bit stream. Thus, the simulation results using MATLAB obtain better performance in terms of probability of packet error correction and packet throughput over conventional MPC and APC schemes.

Throughput Analysis of Energy-Efficient Combined Packet Combining-Aggressive Packet Combining Scheme in Two State Scenarios

Packet combining (PC) and aggressive packet combining (APC) are studied earlier in several kinds of literature. Both schemes have shortcomings to achieve higher throughput. In this paper, PC-APC scheme is proposed to attain higher throughput. Combination of these two schemes shows the remarkable result in some of the cases based on the state of the communication channel. Also the rate of erroneous packet delivery decrease in this scheme. Here the benefits of both schemes (PC and APC) are obtained as well as it eliminates the detriments. The comparisons of PC, APC and PC-APC schemes with respect to bandwidth and power consumption issues are particularly focused on. Throughput can be optimized through PC-APC assisted schemes.

A Combined Techniques of PC + MPC + APC to Achieve Higher Error Correction Probability and Throughput over APC and MPC Techniques

A new combined technique of Packet Combining (PC), Modified Packet Combining (MPC) and Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) is presented for improving the performance of MPC and APC. The proposed protocol consists of three blocks; PC block, MPC block, and APC block. Two copies of the same packet are sent from transmitter to receiver (Rx). If both the copies are found as erroneous then PC technique is used to correct the original copy in the PC block and if it is not obtained a successful copy then the Rx requests for a third copy. Again, if the third copy is found as erroneous then MPC and APC techniques are implemented in the MPC and APC blocks respectively. In order to get fast error correction and also to utilize the half-corrected or resultant copies instead of discarding the received erroneous copies, MPC block uses the resultant copies of the PC block and APC block also uses the resultant copies of MPC block. Thus, the proposed protocol is simulated using MATLAB and the simulation results obtain better performance by adopting the evaluation metrics of the probability of packet error correction, packet throughput and energy consumption over conventional MPC and APC techniques.

Modifications on Aggressive Packet Combining Scheme: An Extension to ARQ Techniques

Reliable transmission of data in wireless communication is a great challenge. Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) is the key technique to retrieve the original data. Achieving higher throughput is another goal in reliable data transmission technique. Majority Packet Combining (MjPC) and Packet Combining (PC) are two remarkable techniques to enhance the chance of receiving correct data. Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) is another milestone during the search for better techniques of wireless data communication. In this work ,different modified techniques of ARQ has been studied and analyzed.

Adaptive Packet Combining Scheme in Three State Channel Model

The two popular techniques of packet combining based error correction schemes are: Packet Combining (PC) scheme and Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) scheme. PC scheme and APC scheme have their own merits and demerits; PC scheme has better throughput than APC scheme, but suffers from higher packet error rate than APC scheme. The wireless channel state changes all the time. Because of this random and time varying nature of wireless channel, individual application of SR ARQ scheme, PC scheme and APC scheme can’t give desired levels of throughput. Better throughput can be achieved if appropriate transmission scheme is used based on the condition of channel. Based on this approach, adaptive packet combining scheme has been proposed to achieve better throughput. The proposed scheme adapts to the channel condition to carry out transmission using PC scheme, APC scheme and SR ARQ scheme to achieve better throughput. Experimentally, it was observed that the error correction capability and throughput of the proposed scheme was significantly better than that of SR ARQ scheme, PC scheme and APC scheme.

APC-PC Combined Scheme in Gilbert Two State Model: Proposal and Study

In an automatic repeat request (ARQ) scheme, a packet is retransmitted if it gets corrupted due to transmission errors caused by the channel. However, an erroneous packet may contain both erroneous bits and correct bits and hence it may still contain useful information. The receiver may be able to combine this information from multiple erroneous copies to recover the correct packet. Packet combining (PC) is a simple and elegant scheme of error correction in transmitted packet, in which two received copies are XORed to obtain the bit location of erroneous bits. Thereafter, the packet is corrected by bit inversion of bit located as erroneous. Aggressive packet combining (APC) is a logic extension of PC primarily designed for wireless communication with objective of correcting error with low latency. PC offers higher throughput than APC, but PC does not correct double bit errors if occur in same bit location of erroneous copies of the packet. A hybrid technique is proposed to utilize the advantages of both APC and PC while attempting to remove the limitation of both. In the proposed technique, applications of APC-PC on Gilbert two state model has been studied. The simulation results show that the proposed technique offers better throughput than the conventional APC and lesser packet error rate than PC scheme.

New Protocol of Aggressive Packet Combining Scheme: An Extension to Throughput Comparison

Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) scheme is well established for receiving correct packet in high error prone wireless link. In APC three copies of a packet are transmitted and receiver does bit wise majority decision to get the correct copy. The main research challenge in APC is that if two or more copies of the packet become erroneous at the particular bit location then majority logic fails to correct the error and also as three copies of packet are sent at a time, throughput degradation takes place at higher error rate channel. In this paper we propose a new method of correction in APC which will address the limitation which occurs in conventional APC. General Terms Throughput comparison

Investigation of Two New Protocols of Aggressive Packet Combining Scheme in Achieving Better Throughput

For reliable transport of data in wireless network, Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) scheme is one of the protocols, which is well established. APC has several limitations including low throughput. Several modifications were earlier studied elsewhere for achieving higher throughput in APC. In this work, it has been proposed the two new modifications of APC. The performance of proposed modified APC are studied numerically and reported accordingly. The throughput of the proposed new techniques is found higher than that of APC.

New Protocol of Aggressive Packet Combining Scheme

Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) scheme is well established for receiving correct packet in high error prone wireless link. In APC three copies of a packet are transmitted and receiver does bit wise majority decision to get the correct copy. The main research challenge in APC is that if two or more copies of the packet become erroneous at the particular bit location then majority logic fails to correct the error. In this paper we propose a new method of correction in APC which will address the limitation which occurs in conventional APC. General Terms Error correction capability

Three New Investigations of Aggressive Packet Combining to Get High Throughput

Aggressive Packet Combining (APC) scheme is well established in literature for receiving correct packet in high error prone wireless link. Several modifications were earlier studied elsewhere for improving throughput and decreasing latency. In APC three copies of a packet are transmitted and receiver does bit wise majority decision to get correct copy. Main research challenge of the APC is if two or more copies of the packet become erroneous at a particular bit location(s) the operation of the majority logic fails to correct the error. To address the above drawback of the APC, three new modifications of APC are proposed in this paper. The proposed techniques are found to provide better throughput & high error correction probability.