Commitment Of Agencies Research Articles

Structural encroachment

AbstractMoral encroachment states that moral factors can make a difference to what we are epistemically justified in believing. I present two motivating cases that resemble a common example in the moral encroachment literature to show that the agent's commitments and beliefs, and not the moral factors of the situation, influence epistemic justification. I call this view Structural Encroachment.

The Catalytic Activity of Magnetic Surfaces

High-performance catalysts for the oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reactions (ORR and HER, respectively) are highly sought-after, particularly with the commitment of numerous agencies to the removal of conventional gas vehicles in the next few decades. Surprisingly little focus has been placed on the development of magnetic models to describe these systems. The current work will review the current understanding of surface heterogeneous catalysis across select magnetic surfaces, with attention focused on studies involving extended surfaces, which inherently are more accessible to fundamental analysis than the more applied nanoparticle systems. However, even the most up-to-date magnetic variants of this theory have focused on the tight binding limit of the d-band model. In this limit, the reactivity of the surface is governed by the position of the center of the d-band, and the model does not account for the higher moments of the d-band, such as the width, asymmetry, and modality. A summary of the theory supporting this analysis will be presented, along with a summary of the current literature on this level of analysis. The review will then conclude with a discussion of suggested directions for future investigations.

Promoting organ donation through philanthropic partnerships

AbstractGovernment agencies and health practitioners are partnering with businesses to promote organ donation to wider audiences. However, little is known about whether targeted promotion through partnerships will help or hurt an agency promoting organ donation in its goal to obtain support from the public. Four studies reveal that depending on the risk of dying associated with partner members, a partnership promoting posthumous organ donation targeting these members may heighten thoughts of donors' exploitation. Donor exploitation concern, in turn, makes the targeted promotion of organ donation through the partnership unacceptable to people. This perception diminishes people's support for the agency initiating such a partnership in terms of how they evaluate it, intend to visit its website, and donate money to support its cause. We further show that the negative effect of targeted promotion through partnerships is alleviated when people are primed to be less concerned about the exploitation of organ donors or when the organ donation agency's commitment to protecting donors' rights is made salient.

Overcoming obstacles to prescribed fire in the North American Mediterranean climate zone

Prescribed fire is an important management tool for restoring fire‐adapted ecosystems and mitigating the risk of high‐severity wildfire in the North American Mediterranean climate zone (NAMCZ), much of which was historically characterized by frequent low‐ to moderate‐severity fire. For over a century, policies that excluded fire, curtailed Indigenous cultural burning, and prioritized timber harvesting have, in combination with anthropogenic climate warming, driven large‐scale, high‐severity fires that are wreaking ecological and socioeconomic havoc. Despite its recognized need, the use of prescribed fire at appropriate scale has been slow to occur. We describe some of the principal obstacles to increasing the application of prescribed fire in the NAMCZ and suggest four strategies for policy makers and high‐level managers to overcome them: (1) redoubling federal and state agency commitment and rewarding assertive leadership, (2) increasing funding for prevention‐focused management (as opposed to suppression), (3) building capacity through cooperation, and (4) expanding monitoring to inform burn strategies and adaptive management.

Strategies for Enhancing Governmental Public Health Workforce Well-being and Retention.

Strategies for Enhancing Governmental Public Health Workforce Well-being and Retention.

Pengaruh Good Governance Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Dinas Pemerintah (Sensus pada Dinas Kota Tasikmalaya)

The object of research in this paper is Good Governance, organizational commitment and performance of government agencies. As for the title taken by the author in this thesis is the Influence of Good Governance and Organizational Commitment to Government Service Performance (Census on the Tasikmalaya City Service). The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the influence of Good Governance and Organizational Commitment on Government Service Performance. In this study the author uses the research method used is descriptive method and causality method. The analytical tool used is Path Analysis. Based on the results of the study it is known that partially Good Governance has a significant positive effect on the performance of the Tasikmalaya City government service, while the organizational commitment does not have a significant effect on the performance of the Tasikmalaya City government service. Simultaneously Good Governance and Organizational Commitment have a significant effect on the performance of the Tasikmalaya City government service.
 

Public compliance nas licitações e contratos administrativos

The present work addresses the theme compliance as a mechanism for the prevention of functional deviations, frauds, and corruption in the Public Administration, especially in the scope of bids and administrative contracts. In this regard, it will be demonstrated that this practice is the product of a recent evolutionary process that migrates from the private to the public sector with the desideratum of promoting integrity in the public environment, giving a greater dimension to efficiency, which predates the administrative activity, and establishing a well delineated model of responsibility and responsive behavior. It inaugurates a new structural framework of good practices of public governance that starts to require the commitment of allpublic agencies, institutions of public character and state-owned companies, especially the senior management.

Structural Racism, Managerialism, and the Future of the Human Services: Rewriting the Rules

Over the past several decades, the introduction of the business model, managerialism, into the human services has led to dramatic changes in conditions of work and service delivery. This metric-driven approach increased the emphasis on measured performance outcomes and undercut the mission-driven nature of human services organizations. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and widespread protests against racial injustice exposed routinely ignored structural racism long embedded in our social institutions. This reckoning led social workers to re-examine professional practices, organizational structures, and public policies through a critical, antiracist lens. Applying a racial justice lens to their study of the impact of managerialism in the human services workplace, authors identified troubling evidence of systemic racism in leadership hierarchies, worker control/surveillance on the job, quality of the physical work environment, exposure to workplace violence, exclusion by microinequities, and agency commitment to social justice. Worker resistance, ethical dilemmas, and well-being also varied by race. To become an antiracist profession, social work must seek long-term change in the human services workplace. The following analysis of the combined negative impact of managerialism and structural racism on human services organizations names the problem and presses us to rewrite the rules so we become a racial justice profession.

Planners’ Perspectives on Governing and Producing Sustainable Cities in Malaysia

Since the mid-1990s, sustainable principles have been embedded in Malaysia’s development plans. The assumption has been that policies, programs, and plans that promote good communities—requiring a mix of housing types, uses, and densities—will produce sustainability. This study examines planning policies and interviews data with local planners to understand the challenges in interpreting and implementing a sustainability agenda in practice. The findings of the study suggest that although planners use various strategies and mechanisms to achieve sustainable cities, problems and barriers limit efforts to produce sustainable cities. Planners have reached a consensus on the need to improve current practice in producing sustainable cities and find effective solutions to deliver good governance practices. The weak commitment of different agencies and leadership, and limited staff resources and unnecessary political intervention, mean that planners in Malaysia face increasing challenges when implementing sustainable cities.

O14 Local Food Procurement in State-funded Institutions: Barriers, Motivators, and Future Plans

Background Farm to Institution (FTI) programs and policies aim to increase utilization of locally grown and processed food products in institutions such as colleges, schools, hospitals, state agencies, and other private and public entities. FTI's goal is to spur local economic development through engaging regional farms and producers, and to provide healthier, fresher food choices. This project aimed to examine the current state of FTI in Arkansas and highlight opportunities for further development. Objective To determine motivators, barriers, and strategies for reaching local food procurement goals in institutions in Arkansas following the passing of statewide FTI reporting and procurement legislation. Study Design, Setting, Participants We surveyed 1,980 Arkansas institutions including schools, universities, state agencies, and childcare centers in a web-based survey. Eligibility for the survey required that an institution receive at least $25,000 in state funding and offer a food service program. Of the recipients who completed the screener (22%; n = 454), 9% (n = 176) met the criteria for eligibility and completed the survey. Measurable Outcome/Analysis Questions explored food budget, agency commitment, motivators, barriers, and plans for future procurement. Data was compiled and analyzed using REDCap. Results Current local food procurement was approximately 15% for institutions completing the survey. Commonly reported approaches for increasing this percentage include local engagement with farms, farmers’ markets, and vendors; learning more about legislative requirements; and improving local food tracking methods. Institutions also highlighted significant barriers of food supply as well as knowledge of where and how to purchase local foods. Conclusion In 2019, Arkansas passed Act 796, which institutes a goal of at least 20% of an agency's purchases of food products be spent on local farm and food products, and requires institutions to annually report spending. Our findings provide a baseline for FTI in Arkansas under Act 796, and highlight a variety of important opportunities for further expansion, evaluation, and programing to improve FTI at multiple levels within the supply chain. Funding Arkansas Department of Agriculture.

ESA and the Arctic - The European Space Agency's contributions to a sustainable Arctic

The Arctic has become an area of particular relevance, where manifold interests meet with particular challenges, such as the harsh environment, a limited infrastructure and a low population density. Since many years, the European Space Agency (ESA) supports its Member States with interests in the Arctic. A variety of ESA programmes are directly or indirectly targeting the Arctic area for scientific purposes, for a better understanding of the Arctic environment or to support other activities in the Arctic region, since many of the specific challenges of the Arctic can be addressed by space technology. Monitoring and assessing the Arctic environment are tasks best met with space systems. Satellite technology facilitates navigation and communication and improves marine safety, and it enables the comprehension of climate change impacts, which are particularly evident and dramatic in the Arctic. While the Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs), which were adopted by UN Member States in 2015, apply globally, the Arctic is especially affected by the changing climate and thus considered to be of great interest to the European and international community. ESA fully supports and works towards attaining the SGDs, and has to this end created a toolbox to target each of the 17 goals. Given the technological capabilities of ESA as well as the Agency's commitment to the SDGs, ESA continues to strengthen its contributions towards a sustainable economic development in the Arctic. After providing a general introduction to the Arctic and its legal status, as well as an overview over different interests in the region, this paper details the numerous ways, in which space activities can contribute to the sustainable development and life in the Arctic. It then turns to retracing the specific steps taken in the European Space Agency, including the work of specific Arctic Task Forces, and gives an outlook on future projects in support of a sustainable Arctic.

Impact of overdose prevention sites during a public health emergency in Victoria, Canada.

The primary objective of this study was to examine the impacts associated with implementation of overdose preventions sites (OPSs) in Victoria, Canada during a declared provincial public health overdose emergency. A rapid case study design was employed with three OPSs constituting the cases. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 staff, including experiential staff, and 12 service users. Theoretically, we were informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. This framework, combined with a case study design, is well suited for generating insight into the impacts of an intervention. Zero deaths were identified as a key impact and indicator of success. The implementation of OPSs increased opportunities for early intervention in the event of an overdose, reducing trauma for staff and service users, and facilitated organizational transitions from provision of safer supplies to safer spaces. Providing a safer space meant drug use no longer needed to be concealed, with the effect of mitigating drug related stigma and facilitating a shift from shame and blame to increasing trust and development of relationships with increased opportunities to provide connections to other services. These impacts were achieved with few new resources highlighting the commitment of agencies and harm reduction workers, particularly those with lived experience, in achieving beneficial impacts. Although mitigating harms of overdose, OPSs do not address the root problem of an unsafe drug supply. OPSs are important life-saving interventions, but more is needed to address the current contamination of the illicit drug supply including provision of a safer supply.

STEWARDS: A decade of increasing the impact of Agricultural Research Service watershed research programs

T he online database Sustaining the Earth's Watersheds–Agricultural Research Data System (STEWARDS), was developed in a six year project by a team from several USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) locations to deliver weather, hydrology, and water quality data to the public. Launched as part of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP; Mausbach and Dedrick 2004), the timeline started with 2002 to 2003's Conception and Agency commitment, extended through July 7, 2007's, beta release with three watersheds, to the 2007 to 2008 public release and population with other data and watersheds (Steiner et al. 2008). In fact, the database continues to grow, adding between 1 and 2 million data records a year. At the decadal anniversary of public availability, the authors set out to examine the impact STEWARDS has had on the scientific community, conservation programs, and the general public. Data in STEWARDS were collected by a number of USDA ARS locations, some of which have documented the various data collection efforts in the literature. The six regional watersheds established after authorization by Senate Bill 59 (USDA 1959) all have database documentation paper series published. Marks (2001) introduced …

여행자 참여와 서비스가치, 몰입의 관계

This study examines the effect of traveler participation on service value and commitment. The survey surveyed travelers who have completed overseas travel at least once a year. The analysis used 239 questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. The research results are as follows. First, tourist participation influenced service value. Second, tourist participation did not affect commitment. Third, the service value affects commitment. Fourth, the influence of travel agency participation on immersion was completely mediated by service value. Based on the research, the following implications are as follows. First, when providing travel services, it is important to accurately inform customers of the contents of services and to implement them. Second, in providing travel services, marketing is needed to maintain the relationship corresponding to intangible services rather than travel products themselves. Third, if service value is strengthened, travel agency commitment can be resolved.

The Normative Force of Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning in Improving Beliefs

AbstractThere is a deep tension between logical and probabilistic norms of belief. This article illustrates the normative force that is associated with these frameworks by showing how rather unrestricted belief bases can be improved by undergoing logical and probabilistic reflection. It is argued that probabilistic reasoning accounts for the reliability of the conclusions one can draw from the beliefs. Most importantly, reliability commands us to care for the increasing uncertainty of conjunctions of beliefs. Deductive logic captures the agent's commitment towards all conclusions of her beliefs. In other words, it seems that commitment forces the agent to believe conclusions, which reliability tells her to view with scepticism. This conflict is resolved by arguing that commitment merely forces the agent to find the logical conclusions of her beliefs acceptable, not necessarily to believe them. This demands consistency but no deductive closure. Furthermore, it is shown that by restoring consistency, a straightforward connection between high subjective probability and full belief is undermined. Finally, the article delineates how this approach deals with the lottery paradox and the preface paradox.

Commentary: An open appeal to the EPA for Superfund ERA reform

The ecological risk assessment guidance of virtually all federal and state agencies, private companies, and other interests can be traced to that of the essential design of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA ecological risk assessment paradigm has remained unchanged for all intents and purposes since its inception 30 years ago, this despite criticism expressed repeatedly by some, for many years. Despite the discipline's name, a core paradigm shortcoming is its inability to express risk, the probability of a receptor-of-concern at a contaminated site developing a toxicological endpoint (e.g., reproductive impairment). Further, common site context and biological realities (e.g., site sizes; home ranges of receptors-of concern) allow for the supported challenges that risk assessments aren't needed altogether, and instances of ecological damage at sites being unknown. This commentary is an open appeal to the EPA to replace the paradigm it has set forth, dispensing with failed processes (e.g., endeavoring to assess risk potential at 75 year-old sites; endeavoring to assess risk potential to wide-ranging species at one-acre properties). The commentary invites the EPA to respond, not with counter-arguments, but rather with explanations for the Agency's resistance to acknowledging problems with its guidance, followed by the Agency commitment to sorely needed ERA reform.

A state assessment of private lands wildlife conservation in the United States

ABSTRACTWildlife habitat in the United States is largely owned by private entities. Threatened and endangered species conservation and game‐species hunting interests occur predominately on private lands. Our wildlife conservation history was characterized by eras of exploitation followed by conservation reactions. State wildlife agencies evolved through those eras as well. We sought to assess state wildlife agency investments in private lands conservation. We used a short survey to construct an index score designed to measure the state agency manpower commitment (%) as it relates to the composition of the state's private ownership (%). During 2019, we collected data about state wildlife agency participation in private lands program activities including cost‐share, equipment loans, or free supplies (seed or herbicide). Our survey metrics showed Kansas, USA, was the national leader in its commitment to private land management. Several midwestern and western states were notably well‐positioned to deliver private lands conservation relative to the nation. Our data show states are trending toward more effort on privately owned lands, but they continue to focus disproportionately more manpower on publicly owned lands or other priorities. Development of state wildlife agency commitments to private lands is a process characterized well by the Missouri Department of Conservation, USA. Expansion in conservation efforts on private lands will likely be linked to funding expansion that includes nonconsumptive users. We charge professionals to meet the conservation challenges of the 21st Century, they must invest significantly greater resources in private lands management through state wildlife agencies. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.

도매여행사의공정성이랜드여행사의조직몰입과 경영성과에미치는영향 : 랜드여행사종사원의인식을중심으로

도매여행사의공정성이랜드여행사의조직몰입과 경영성과에미치는영향 : 랜드여행사종사원의인식을중심으로

A Coupled Operational Semantics for Goals and Commitments

Commitments capture how an agent relates to another agent, whereas goals describe states of the world that an agent is motivated to bring about. Commitments are elements of the social state of a set of agents whereas goals are elements of the private states of individual agents. It makes intuitive sense that goals and commitments are understood as being complementary to each other. More importantly, an agent's goals and commitments ought to be coherent, in the sense that an agent's goals would lead it to adopt or modify relevant commitments and an agent's commitments would lead it to adopt or modify relevant goals. However, despite the intuitive naturalness of the above connections, they have not been adequately studied in a formal framework. This article provides a combined operational semantics for goals and commitments by relating their respective life cycles as a basis for how these concepts (1) cohere for an individual agent and (2) engender cooperation among agents. Our semantics yields important desirable properties of convergence of the configurations of cooperating agents, thereby delineating some theoretically well-founded yet practical modes of cooperation in a multiagent system.

Critical Success Factors of Open Government and Open Data at Local Government Level in Indonesia

This article explores the complexity of open government and open data implementation from the perspective of local government in developing countries by addressing the challenges, success factors, lesson learned and the indicators of success. Using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with public managers and other actors at the Bojonegoro regency, this study found five major challenges to open government and data, namely: a) the misappropriation and misused of the data, b) limitedness of technological capabilities, c) ensuring data credibility, d) the availability of information policy to govern openness, and e) maintaining public involvement and enthusiasm. The authors also identified four critical success factors driving the success of open government and data: a) collaboration between government, academics, private entities and general public, b) the openness of government office to accept criticism and suggestion, c) the accommodating leaders, and d) the commitment of government agencies to engage in open government and open data.