Age Of Twenties Research Articles

Determining the knee joint laxity between the pronated foot and normal arched foot in adult participants.

Background and aim:Foot pronation is often associated with increased internal rotation of the lower limb, predisposing the knee joint to greater stress. However, the impact of the pronated foot on knee joint laxity has not been well understood. The study aims to find out the effect of the pronated foot on knee joint laxity.Methods:Forty adult participants were recruited for the study: 20 with asymptomatic pronated foot and 20 control subjects with the normal arched foot. Foot assessments were performed by navicular drop test and rearfoot angle measurements. Knee joint laxity was measured by a KT 1000 arthrometer of the dominant leg. An independent t-test was performed to detect the differences between both groups.Results:Both groups were similar in age, BMI and physical activity level. The findings showed no significant differences between the pronated foot and control group in the knee joint laxity (P = 0.645).Conclusions:There were no significant differences in anterior knee displacement between the pronated foot and normal arch foot. The study showed that pronated foot might not be responsible for ACL injuries during the age of twenties and cofounding factors. Further research is needed to investigate older subjects with the pronated foot. (www.actabiomedica.it)

Hematobium schistosomiasis control for health management of labor force generation at Nkhotakota and Lilongwe in the Republic of Malawi\u2014assumed to be related to occupational risk

BackgroundIn Malawi, hematobium schistosomiasis is highly endemic. According to previous studies, countermeasures have been conducted mainly in school-aged children. In this study, we focused on the age groups, which are assumed to be major labor force generation. Hematobium schistosomiasis is supposed to be related to occupational activities in schistosome-endemic countries because of its infectious route. We chronologically followed the transition of schistosome egg-positive prevalence before and after mass drug administration of praziquantel (MDA) by using a urine filtering examination. We also analyzed the effectiveness of urine reagent strips from the cost perspective.ResultsThe egg-positive prevalence was 34.3% (95% CI 28.5–40.5) just before MDA in June 2010 and the highest prevalence was in the age of twenties. The egg-positive prevalence reduced to 12.7% (95% CI 9.2–17.3, p < 0.01) 8 weeks after the first MDA and the prevalence reduced to 6.9% (95% CI 4.6–10.0, p < 0.01) after the second MDA in August 2011. The egg-positive prevalence after MDA in 2013 was reduced from 3.8% (95% CI 2.1–6.9) to 0.9% (95% CI 0.3–3.4) and p value was 0.050. Using urine reagent strips after MDA, the positive predictive value decreased, but the negative predictive value remained high. The cost of one urine reagent strip and one tablet of praziquantel were US$0.06 and US$0.125 in 2013 in Malawi. If the egg-positive prevalence is 40%, screening subjects for MDA using urine reagent strips, the cost reduction can be estimated to be about 24%, showing an overall cost reduction.ConclusionsMDA of praziquantel can assuredly reduce schistosome egg-positive prevalence. The combination of MDA and urine reagent strips could be both a practical and cost-effective countermeasure for hematobium schistosomiasis. It is key to recognize that hematobium schistosomiasis could be considered a disease that is assumed to have some concern with occupational risk at Nkhotakota and Lilongwe in Malawi. From this point of view, it is very important to manage workers’ health; the sound labor force generation is vital for economic growth and development in these areas and countries.

Preliminary Report of Seroprevalence of Anti-Measles Immunoglobulin G among Healthcare Workers of 6 Teaching Hospitals of Daegu, Korea in 2019.

The measles outbreak in Daegu of January 2019 made 6 teaching hospitals' organization test the measles immunity of their healthcare workers (HCWs). We found that 6,935 (75.9%) of 9,132 HCWs tested seropositive for anti-measles immunoglobulin G (IgG), and seropositivity rate was very different between 6 hospitals (range, 59.9–93.1%). The seroprevelence was lowest in the age of twenties, but the rate was different between 6 hospitals (range 47.0–85.5%). Therefore, to prevent measles from spreading to HCWs, each hospital should make their own data periodically about anti-measles IgG seropositivity of their HCWs.

20대 대학생에서 전정계 자극 활동이 시 지각 과제 수행에 미치는 영향

목적 : 본 연구는 20대 대학생을 대상으로 전정계 자극 활동이 시 지각 과제 수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 연구방법 : 2016년 3월14일부터 5월20일까지 충청남도 A대학에 재학 중인 대학생 58명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 세 집 단을 무작위 선정하여 A는 전정계 자극활동 없이 일반 사무용 의자에 앉아서 시 지각 과제를 수행하였다. 집단 B와 C는 트램폴린에서 뛰기의 전정계자극 활동을 실시한 후 집단 B는 일반사무용 의자, 집단C는 공 의자에서 시 지각 과제 수행 시간을 측정하였다. 결과 : 전정자극 활동을 실시한 집단과 실시하지 않은 집단 간에 시 지각 과제수행시간에 차이가 나타났다. 전정자극 활동을 전혀 하지 않고 사무용의자에 앉은 집단 A는 전정자극 활동을 하고 사무용 의자에 앉아 과제를 수행한 집단 B(p=.037)와 전정자극 활동 후 공 의자에 앉아 과제를 수행한 C와 차이를 나타냈다(p=.000). 그러나 동일한 전정자 극 활동을 하고 사무용 의자에 앉은 집단 B와 공 의자에 앉은 집단 C간에는 차이가 없었다. 결론 : 전정감각 자극활동이 시 지각 과제 수행에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 이후 대상자의 범위를 확대하여 연구를 실시할 필요가 있다.

The Youngest Korean Case of Urachal Carcinoma.

Urachal anomalies are relatively uncommon and result from incomplete obliteration of the urachus perinatally. In children, most urachal diseases including urachal cysts and sinuses are benign, and these can sometimes become secondarily infected. Malignant involvement of the urachus is rarely reported, one in 5 million people, accounting for 0.35% to 0.7% of all bladder cancers. There are only five cases of urachal cancer diagnosed at the age of twenties in English written literature. Age at the diagnosis of urachal carcinoma is important to understand pathogenetic transition from benign to malignancy. A 26-year-old man visited our clinic with gross hematuria starting a few months before. CT scan showed a 4.0 × 6.8 cm sized lobulated cystic mass over the bladder dome. Cystoscopy showed a ball-shaped extrinsic mass from the bladder dome with intact bladder mucosa. With an impression of urachal cancer, laparoscopic partial cystectomy with wide excision of urachus was performed. Final diagnosis was well differentiated mucinous urachal adenocarcinoma invading bladder muscle, staged as pT3a based on Sheldon's staging system. To our best knowledge, this case is the youngest Korean case of urachal carcinoma (the fourth youngest ever in English written literature).

남성의 유행선도력에 따른 화장품 구매실태와 평가기준

The purpose of this study is to classify men's fashion leadership into groups and analyzed the differences for the actual conditions of cosmetics purchasing and evaluation criteria. Questionnaires are being administered from 163 men in their 20's and 30's living in Deagu Metropolitan City and Kyungbook. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test, and <TEX>$X^2$</TEX>-test are all used for data analysis. Our findings are as follows. Men's fashion leadership is being categorized into fashion opinion leadership, innovative communicator and fashion innovator. Cosmetics evaluation criteria are service/aesthetic, ostentatious, function, and economy. Men's fashion leadership is classified into three groups: fashion laggards, fashion leaders, and fashion followers. Males show no significant differences in the function of cosmetics evaluation criteria by the groups but they show significances in service/aesthetic, ostentatious, and economy. Groups display distinctions between the sub-variables in the actual condition of cosmetics purchasing such the place of purchase, companionship when buying cosmetics, and average monthly purchase amount. Although the cosmetic markets for men show high average growth rates per year, cosmetic interests at the age of twenties and thirties are generally low, and cosmetics are not actively used. The customers' experience of using merchandise not only provide the opportunities of trying beforehand, but also lead to the role of information transfer, thus, it can be positively applied to active marketing. In addition, it can be expected that the low-priced cosmetic markets are guaranteed to obtain loyal customers through repurchasing and maintain long-term relationships by providing fashion followers with several promotional events.

수도권 지역 치과의료기관 이용자의 민영치과의료보험에 대한 인식과 가입 현황

This study investigated the awareness and purchase status of the private dental insurance. Self-reported survey was conducted with patients over the age of twenties who visited dental institutions located in Seoul Metropolitan City and Gyeonggi Province. The demographic and health related characteristics of respondents were analyzed, and logistic regression was conducted to examine factors affecting the awareness and purchase of private dental insurance. Because only four years had been passed since the introduction of private dental insurance, the awareness and purchase rate was found to be low. However, the number of people considering subscription due to the economic burden of dental care service was relatively high. Factors affecting awareness were satisfaction of the national health insurance, purchase of private health insurance and private dental insurance, self-perceived dental health status, and smoking. The variables affecting purchase of dental insurance were age, awareness, purchase of private health insurance, smoking, number of visits to dental institution. Because qualitative and quantitative change would be made in the dental care utilization due to the rapidly growing dental insurance subscribers, further studies regarding the trend of purchase rate of private dental insurance and the effect of dental insurance on use of dental institution are needed.

중족골 바 형태의 전족부 라커 신발이 하지 근 활성도 및 족저압력 분포에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of forefoot rocker shoes equipped with a metatarsal bar on lower extremity muscle activity and plantar pressure distribution. Ten healthy women in the age of twenties were participated in this study as the subjects. All subjects walked on a treadmill(Gait Trainer, BIODEX, USA) wearing normal shoes and metatarsal bar shoes, during which the plantar pressure distribution and muscle activity were measured. Using Pedar-X system(Novel Gmbh, Germany), the plantar pressure was measured for six regions of the foot: forefoot, midfoot, rearfoot, 1st metatarsal, 2-3th metatarsal, and 4-5th metatarsal, and for each sub-region, 4 features such as maximum force, contact area, peak pressure, and mean pressure were analyzed based on the plantar pressure. EMG(Electromyography) activity was measured by attaching surface electrodes to the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius medial head, and magnitude of muscle contraction was analyzed in IEMG(Integrated EMG) value. The results show that the maximum force, contact area, peak pressure, and mean pressure in the midfoot all increased while maximum force, peak pressure, contact area, mean pressure in the 1st metatarsal and 2-3th metatarsal all decreased when wearing functional shoes. Also, muscle activities in the four muscles were all decreased when wearing the functional shoes. This paper suggests that forfoot rocker shoes equipped with a metatarsal bar can help disperse the high pressure and absorb the shock to the foot as well as give positive influence on gait pattern and postural stability by reducing muscle fatigue during walking.

Comparison of Shoulder Stabilizer Muscle Activations during Push Up Plus Exercise by with Cervical Flexion and Extension

. [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze the activation of the muscles around the shoulder in relation to the cervical flexion and extension during the push-up plus exercise in order to provide the fundamental data to establish the posture that can maximize the effect of the shoulder stabilizer exercise. [Subjects] The subjects of the experiment were 18 healthy people, male adults in their age of twenties with normal ROM and without musculoskeletal disease at the shoulder complex and upper limb. [Methods] Muscular activity of the shoulder stabilizer muscles in cervical flexion and extension and the neutral position were measured by electromyogramphy (EMG). [Results] The muscle activations among the cervical positions were compared and the results showed that there were a significant differences for the serratus anterior muscle, sternocleidomastoid muscle, cervical paraspinalis muscle and pectoralis major muscle. [Conclusion] These results show that different shoulder stabilizers are activated during the push-up plus exercise depending on not only the location of the neck but also the internal or external rotation and abduction/adduction angle of the shoulder joint, suggesting that establishment of an accurate position for the strengthening of each muscle is necessary.

A nationwide seroprevalence of total antibody to hepatitis A virus from 2005 to 2009: age and area-adjusted prevalence rates

Background/AimsRecent outbreak of hepatitis A in Korea is clearly related to the epidemiological shift of hepatitis A virus (HAV). However, nationwide seroprevalence data have been limited. This study estimated the nationwide, age- and area-adjusted anti-HAV prevalence from 2005 to 2009.MethodsRetrospective analysis of the results of total anti-HAV test in 25,140 cases which were requested by 1,699 medical institutions throughout the nation to Seoul Clinical Laboratory from Jan. 1 2005 to Dec. 31 2009 was performed. The estimated seroprevalence was adjusted by area and age of the standard population based on the 2005 Census data from Korea National Statistical Office.ResultsThe area-adjusted anti-HAV prevalence in the children younger than 10 years were 33.4% in 2005 and 69.9% in 2009. The most susceptible age groups to HAV infection during the last 5 years were teenagers and the young adults in their age of twenties. The area-adjusted seroprevalence in 2009 were 11.9% in the age group of 20-29 years, 23.4% in the age group of 10-19 years, 48.4% in the age group of 30-39 years. The population in 40-49 years showed geographically different seroprevalence with the lowest rate in Seoul (80%).ConclusionsThe most susceptible age group to HAV infection is 10-29 years, while the young children less than 10 years showed about 70% seropositivity. The changing seroepidemiology should be monitored continuously for the proper vaccination and patient care.

Needs Assessment for Health and Nutrition Information of Korean Women through PC Communication

Although the information related to health and nutrition continues to increase at an ever-increasing rate, systematic database which is necessary for self-management of woman health over the life cycle has been rarely found. The purpose of this study was to offer valuable information on woman health and nutrition through the computer, and, therefore, to enable Korean women to manage their health by themselves according to their life cycle, Prior to constructing the information system, a survey was conducted to verify the use and usefulness of the health information currently available through the PC communication and internet, and to identify the specific topics of the health and nutrition information Korean women need. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed through PC communication. The responses of 1,117 women were analyzed. Most of the subjects(72.8%) were at the age of twenties, and 14.6% at tens, 10.7% at thirties, and only 1.9% were over forties. The educational level of the subjects was high ; 44.8% were college graduates or above, 31.4% were college students. The greatest obstacles to the use of health information appeared to be the lack of expertise of the information on the PC communication and taking too much time to get information on the internet. The extent of the interest of the specific topic was determined by a 5-point scale. out of the 22 topics of the health and nutrition information given on the questionnaire, stress management was ranked as the top over the whole range of age. The top three topics in which women had interests except stress management varied by age group ; diet for weight control and self-evaluation of the meal at the age of less than twenty-four ; health and nutrition management for preventing cancer and diet for weight control at the age of twenty-five to twenty-nine ; health and nutrition management for infants and children, and for preventing osteoporosis at the age of thirty to thirty-four ; health and nutrition management for preventing osteoporosis, and for preventing cancer at the age of over thirty-five. On the basis of these results an information system necessary to Korean women in order to manage their health by themselves according to the life cycle will be constructed through internet.