Age Level Research Articles

Ameliorative effect of Cephalandra indica homeopathic preparation in STZ induced diabetic nephropathy rats

BackgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is the foremost cause of morbidity and has become the most recurrent cause of end-stage renal disease among diabetic patients. Thus, agents having antidiabetic effect along with safety potential in the kidneys would have a higher remedial value. ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate possible protective effect of homeopathic preparation of Cephalandra indica Mother tincture, 6C and 30 C potencies on DN in Wistar rats. Materials and methodsDN was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg) 15 min after Nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, i.p.) administration. Rats were divided into six groups (n = 6). Group 1 and 2 was kept normal control and diabetic control respectively whereas Groups 3–5 consist of diabetic nephropathy rats treated with different doses of C. indica Mother tincture, 6C and 30 C potencies for 45 days. Glimepride (10 mg/kg) was used as standard. DN was assessed by determining serum glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine level and tissue histological examination. Tissue antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, LPO) level was measured to assess the oxidative stress. Also, the level of advanced glycation end products in kidney was determined. ResultsMother tincture, 6C and 30 C potencies of C. indica produced significant attenuation in the biochemical parameters used to assess diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, oxidative stress and AGE's level in kidney was also found to be significantly reduced. ConclusionWe conclude that Mother tincture, 6C and 30 C potencies of C. indica confers protective effect against diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of Oxidative stress and AGE's.

PROFIL LIPID PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 P

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) tends to increasing worldwide. The main cause of death in type 2 DM is coronaryheart disease (CHD) and its mortality rate can increase 2 to 4 times compared to non-diabetics. One of the risk factors in CHD isdyslipidemia. To know the lipid profile based on age and gender and to assess the relation of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG levelto age. Descriptive retrospective study in patients with type 2 DM who are 45 years old and over. From 100 Type 2 DM patients, in theDepartment of Internal Medicine, Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, period of June to December 2005, the largest age groupwith dyslipidemia was > 59 years old, with increase LDL level, 32.73% in males and 46.67% in females. There was a significant relationbetween the in crease of TG (p = 0.03) and the decrease of HDL (p = 0.02) with age. Dyslipidemia in type 2 DM patients at age group> 59 years old was shown by an increase in LDL level. The increase of TG and decrease of HDL level were significant in all age groups.Restriction of this study was not to check the antilipidemic medicine used. Early dyslipidemia of Type 2 DM should be known by lipidfraction determination and further dyslipidemia study should be conducted to predict the risk of CHD.

The predictive value of AGEs in the risk and prognosis of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients

Objective To predict the value of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the risk and severity of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients. Methods Totally 120 cases were divided into 3 groups. Group A had no diabetes mellitus (DM) and no coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD). Group B had DM without CAD. Group C had DM with CAD. The levels of AGEs, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glycosylated hemoglobin, and the severity of coronary stenosis were detected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the sensitivities and specificities of AGEs for the diagnosis of DM with CAD. Results The highest level of AGEs , LDL-C, glycosylated hemoglobin and carotid plaque was in the C group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The severity of AGEs was significantly correlated with the severity of CAD and the Gensini score of AGEs (r=0.445). ROC curve showed that the sensitivity, specificity and area under ROC curve of AGEs determination of DM with CAD were 80.0%, 75.0%, and 0.86, respectivity. Conclusions The level of AGEs is significantly correlated with atherosclerosis and prognosis in DM. The severity of CAD was higher in the patients with higher AGEs, and the incidence and severity of restenosis increased. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2/CO/ME; Coronary disease/CO/ME; Prognosis

The Contribution of Advanced Glycation End product (AGE) accumulation to the decline in motor function.

Diminishing motor function is commonly observed in the elderly population and is associated with a wide range of adverse health consequences. Advanced Glycation End products (AGE’s) may contribute to age-related decline in the function of cells and tissues in normal ageing. Although the negative effect of AGE’s on the biomechanical properties of musculoskeletal tissues and the central nervous system have been previously described, the evidence regarding the effect on motor function is fragmented, and a systematic review on this topic is lacking. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted from a total of eight studies describing AGE’s related to physical functioning, physical performance, and musculoskeletal outcome which reveals a positive association between high AGE’s levels and declined walking abilities, inferior ADL, decreased muscle properties (strength, power and mass) and increased physical frailty. Elevated AGE’s levels might be an indication to initiate (early) treatment such as dietary advice, muscle strengthening exercises, and functional training to maintain physical functions. Further longitudinal observational and controlled trial studies are necessary to investigate a causal relationship, and to what extent, high AGE’s levels are a contributing risk factor and potential biomarker for a decline in motor function as a component of the ageing process.

Analysis of serum AGEs and sRAGE levels in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes

Objective To understand the serum levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs),soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods 60 patients of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were chosen from 2010 September to 2011 December in Department of Endocrinology Changshou Chinese medicine hospital in Jiangsu Province,and 30 healthy people were screened as control group.Various clinical and biochemical parameters were detected,using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of serum AGEs and sRAGE levels.Results The levels of serum AGEs in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and control group were (1379.2 ± 431.8) and (1154.5 ±326.4) pg/ml,and there were significant differences between two groups (P＜0.05).The levels of serum sRAGE in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and control group were (14.6± 9.3)and (19.5 ± 8.9)ng/ml,and there were also significant differences between two groups (P＜0.05).The level of serum AGEs in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients was positive correlation with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),and the level of serum sRAGE was associated with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) negative correlation.Conclusion The level of serum AGEs increase in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients,and the level of serum sRAGE decrease in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Advanced glycation end products; Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products

Sevelamer slows calcification and reduces levels of AGEs

Sevelamer slows calcification and reduces levels of AGEs

The correlation between aspirin resistance in patients with diabetes and AGEs and HOMA-IR

Objective To investigate the incidence of aspirin resistance (AR) in patients with Type Ⅱ Diabetes mellitus (DM) and the correlation between AR and advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) as well as the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Methods A total of 69 patients with Type Ⅱ DM and another 23 patients without DM as control group were enrolled between October 2009 and July 2010. Blood lipid, blood routine, fasting blood glucose, Glycated hemoglobin (GHb/Hb A1c) ,fasting insulin were determined at first. After aspirin treatment for at least 7 days, platelet aggregation stimulated by arachidonic acid(AA) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were measured. In addition, the level of serum AGEs was measured by using ELISA assay. The degree of insulin resistance was obtained by using HOMA-IR. Results The incidence of AR in patients with Type Ⅱ DM was higher than that in the controls(30.4% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.037 ); the levels of serum AGEs and HOMA-IR in patients with Type Ⅱ DM were higher than those in the controls [ (359.56 ± 120. 14) pg/mL vs. (275.45 ± 118.06)pg/mL, P=0. 004; (4.42 ±4.78) vs. ( 1.5 ±0.78), P＜0.01, respectively]; platelet aggregation stimulated by AA in the diabetic group was correlated with serum AGEs and HOMA-IR( R =0.463, P ＜0.01; R=0.290, P =0.016, respectively); and platelet aggregation stimulated by ADP was only positively correlated with HOMA-IR(R =0.242, P = 0.045). Conclusions The incidence of AR in patients with Type Ⅱ Diabetes mellitus is higher than that in the controls, and diabetics with higher serum AGEs and HOMA-IR are more likely to develop aspirin resistant. Key words: Diabetes Mellitus; Aspirin; Resistance; AGEs; HOMA-IR; Platelet; Platelet aggregation

Lipid Profile In Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patient’s

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) tends to increasing worldwide. The main cause of death in type 2 DM is coronary heart disease (CHD) and its mortality rate can increase 2 to 4 times compared to non-diabetics. One of the risk factors in CHD is dyslipidemia. To know the lipid profile based on age and gender and to assess the relation of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG level to age. Descriptive retrospective study in patients with type 2 DM who are 45 years old and over. From 100 Type 2 DM patients, in the Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, period of June to December 2005, the largest age group with dyslipidemia was > 59 years old, with increase LDL level, 32.73% in males and 46.67% in females. There was a significant relation between the in crease of TG (p = 0.03) and the decrease of HDL (p = 0.02) with age. Dyslipidemia in type 2 DM patients at age group > 59 years old was shown by an increase in LDL level. The increase of TG and decrease of HDL level were significant in all age groups. Restriction of this study was not to check the antilipidemic medicine used. Early dyslipidemia of Type 2 DM should be known by lipid fraction determination and further dyslipidemia study should be conducted to predict the risk of CHD.