Age Use Research Articles

Abstract C144: Poor survival in non-Hispanic Black HR+/HER2- and HR-/HER2+ breast cancer patients at an NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center

Abstract Introduction: In the US, 1 in 8 women face a breast cancer diagnosis within their lifetime. While this disease is pervasive, it does not affect all groups of women equally. Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) populations tend to have worse survival outcomes than Non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Hispanic (H) populations. Studying this disparity presents challenges, as it is influenced by many social and biological factors, including quality of cancer care. By comparing NHB, NHW, and H breast cancer patients at Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC), we can describe various factors related to disparate outcomes, while attenuating the effect of varying cancer care settings. Methods: Clinical data (collected from 1986-2018) and patient questionnaire data (collected from 2012-2020) were acquired from MCC databases. Patients were divided into NHW, NHB, and H groups based on their race and ethnicity. Family cancer history, hormonal contraception use, and HR/HER2 subtype were selected for analysis due to their relevance to breast cancer risk or prognosis. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and Tukey tests were performed as appropriate. Results: On preliminary analysis, NHW patients most frequently report a history of cancer diagnosis in one or more first-degree relatives. This is found when considering all cancer types (p<0.001) as well as specifically considering breast, ovarian, and uterine cancer (p=0.029). Patients also disclosed their hormonal contraception use, with 38% of NHW patients reporting an age at which they began using hormonal contraception compared to only 22% of both NHB and H patients (p<0.001). Among those who have used hormonal contraception, there was no significant difference in age of use onset, or total years of use. Significant differences in HR+/HER2-(p<0.001) and HR-/HER2- (p<0.001) frequency were seen between groups. NHB women had the lowest frequency of HR+/HER2- cancers (57%), and the highest frequency of HR-/HER2- cancers (27%). HR-/HER2+ NHB patients displayed significantly worse overall survival relative to NHW (p<0.001) and H (p=0.014) patients of the same subtype. HR+/HER2-NHB patients also have significantly worse overall survival relative to NHW (p=0.010) and H (p=0.010) patients of the same subtype. No significant difference in between-group overall survival is found for the HR-/HER2- and HR+/HER2+ patients. Conclusion: The cohorts in this study provide an opportunity to analyze characteristics and outcomes in breast cancer patients at an NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center. Higher rates of family cancer history in NHW women and higher rates of HR-/HER2- disease in NHB women align with the literature. NHW patients more frequently reported hormonal contraception use, while showing similarities to NHB and H groups in age and length of use. Despite comparable survival in two HR/HER2 subtypes, HR-/HER2+ and HR+/HER2- NHB women have significantly worse survival than NHW and H women. Further analyses of risk/prognostic factors and treatment regimens are needed to better understand this concerning survival finding. Citation Format: Abigail E. Lantz, Jiannong Li, Ryan F. Gebert, Dung-Tsa Chen, Edna R. Gordián, W. Douglas Cress. Poor survival in non-Hispanic Black HR+/HER2- and HR-/HER2+ breast cancer patients at an NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr C144.

Anastatus japonicus Ashmead, a potential biological control agent of Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius)

Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Alydidae) is a significant pest of soybean production in China. While biological control would be a desirable means to manage this pest, little research on the use of parasitoids against R. pedestris has been done. In this study, for the parasitoid Anastatus japonicus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), we measured the parasitism rate in R. pedestris, the emergence rate of parasitoid progeny, and mortality of eggs from host-feeding. Parasitoids of different ages were assessed against R. pedestris eggs of various ages under laboratory conditions. In addition, the development and longevity of A. japonicus reared on R. pedestris egg were also measured. We found the maximum parasitism rate of A. japonicus was 54.6% on R. pedestris egg. And the maximum emergence rate of A. japonicus was 50.0% from all offered R. pedestris eggs. Mortality from parasitoid host-feeding was 43.8% when 1-day-old R. pedestris eggs were offered to 6-day-old A. japonicus parasitoids. For older eggs, parasitism rates were lower, making 1-day old eggs the optimal host age for use in mass rearing. Longevity of the offspring (F1) generation of A. japonicus were 10 (males) and 23 (females) days. The developmental times of the F1 offspring were 21.9 (males) and 21.7 (females) days. The parasitism rate and the rate of mortality due to host feeding caused by parasitoid progeny (F1) generation were 56.3, and 43.8%, respectively. Among all the eggs parasitized not subjected to host feeding, 98.5% yielded adult parasitoids. Among all emerging A. japonicus, the sex ratio (as % female) in the F2 generation was 45%, which was significantly higher than that in the first generation (F1) (18%). These results suggest that A. japonicus could be a potential biological control agent for use against R. pedestris.

Women of reproductive age's use of maternal healthcare services and associated factors in Liben district, East Borena zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

One of the most important health interventions for reducing maternal morbidity and death is the use of maternal healthcare services. In Ethiopia, maternal healthcare services are not well utilized, particularly in rural pastoralist communities, despite their significance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of maternal healthcare services and the characteristics that are related to it in the East Borena zone. Techniques: In September 2020, a community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out in Liben with 416 randomly selected mothers. Mothers who had given birth within the 12 months before the study comprised the respondents. Questionnaires given by interviewers were used to gather the data. The data were transferred to SPSS version 20 for analysis after being entered into Epi-Info version 4.1 for coding. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Hosmer, and Lemeshow goodness of fit tests were employed, along with descriptive statistics. Additionally, multivariate and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out. 95% CI and the odd ratio were used to examine the relationship between the outcome and predictive variables. At least one prenatal visit was received by 60% of moms. Only 21.2% and 17.5% of women had given birth in a medical facility and made use of early postnatal care services. The use of antenatal care was strongly correlated with maternal education [AOR = 2.43 (95% CI: 1.22-4.89)], decision-making capability [AOR = 2.40 (95% CI: 1.3-23.3)], felt compassionate and respectful treatment [AOR = 0.30 (95% CI: 0.18-0.50)], and intended current pregnancy [AOR = 0.22 (95% CI: 0.12-0.37)]. Moms b/n ages 15-19 had a 3.7-fold higher probability of giving birth in a hospitals than moms b/n ages 35 and 49 [AOR = 1.74 (95% CI: 1.02-3.08)]. Mothers who lived far away were 1.02 times less likely to give birth at a hospital than those who could reach one within an hour (AOR = 1.74;95% CI: 1.02, 3.08). While recent use of antenatal care [AOR = 5.34 (95% CI: 1.96-8.65)], planned current pregnancy, and knowledge of using postnatal care were shown to be strongly correlated with danger indicators [AOR = 2.93 (95% CI: 1.59-5.41)], knowledge of danger signs [AOR = 3.77 (95% CI: 2.16-6.57)] and perceived compassionate and respectful care were significantly associated with institutional delivery. Overall the prevalence of maternal healthcare services utilization was far below the national and regional targets in the study area. Thus, promoting institutional services, raising community knowledge, empowering women to make decisions, and enhancing the infrastructure of the health sector.

Associations between Illicit ADHD Medication Use and Aspects of Mental Distress Among College Students

The illicit use of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) medication has become a prevalent issue on college campuses. Illicit ADHD medications are used without a medical prescription. The concern is that these medications are psychostimulants that may alter brain chemistry and affect the quality of brain maturity in individuals who do not need them medically, which potentially can affect mental health. An alarmingly high percent of reported illicit ADHD medication users are college aged students between the age of 18 and 22 years. Little is known about the effect of illicit ADHD medication use on mental well-being among college students. Thus, the purpose of the study was to assess the impact of illicit ADHD medication use on different aspects of mental distress among college students. The study collected 702 responses from undergraduate students at several US colleges and included self-reported data on illicit Adderall use, age and symptoms of mental distress. The anonymous survey was created in Google Forms. Mental distress was evaluated through The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). The data were analyzed in SPSS, Version 28.0, using Pearson’s Correlation Coeffcient. Of the 72.5% of the participants who reported using ADHD medication without a prescription, 71.4% reported academic reasons as their motivation for use. There is a positive correlation between feelings of worthlessness and illicit ADHD medication use (p<0.05). Age was negatively correlated with feelings nervous (p<0.01) and restless or fidgety (p<0.01). Additionally, a negative correlation was found between age and being able to do only half or less of what you would normally have been able to do (p<0.01). On the other hand, illicit ADHD medication use was negatively correlated with feeling that everything was an effort (p<0.05), as well feeling unable to work or carry out normal activities (p<0.01). Our results suggest that students who use ADHD medication illicitly are more likely to experience symptoms of mental distress. Interestingly, our findings propose that the younger the age of use, the higher the risk of mental distress. We received no support or financial grants. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Perceptions About Marijuana Use in Pregnancy Among Pregnant Users and Nonusers in a State Without Legalized Recreational Cannabis [ID 2683513

INTRODUCTION: Cannabis use in pregnancy is rising. The objective of this study is to compare attitudes regarding marijuana use among pregnant users and nonusers. METHODS: This was a prospective study (IRB #262700) in which a 35-question, anonymous survey was distributed to pregnant patients at outpatient prenatal visits across gestation. Questions included topics regarding marijuana use in pregnancy, perceived risks, and provider–patient education. RESULTS: 408/460 (88.7%) approached pregnant patients completed the survey. Self-reported rate of marijuana use during pregnancy: 11.8% (48/408). There were no ethnic differences in users and the most common age for use was 18–24 years (24/48). 79% (38/48) reported use two to three times weekly or greater. Average response score (Likert scale) for participants using marijuana compared to those who did not to the following statements were statistically significant and positive towards prenatal use: belief that pregnant patients should refrain from marijuana use: 2.31 versus 3.53 (<.001); acceptability of medical marijuana: 3.68 versus 2.82 (<.001); minimal health risk: 4.15 versus 2.96 (<.001); support for legalization of recreational marijuana: 4.58 versus 3.51 (<.001). Lack of counseling on cessation and risk of cannabis use in pregnancy were reported by 82% and 84% of participants with 74% of current users reporting lack of counseling. 54% of users desired more information regarding cannabis-related pregnancy complications. CONCLUSION: Higher-than-expected self-reported marijuana use during pregnancy. Lack of counseling on risks of marijuana use and importance of cessation highlight an important opportunity for counseling and intervention supporting current ACOG guidelines of SBIRT (screening, brief intervention, and treatment referral).

THE DANGERS OF ENERGY DRINKS TO THE HEALTH OF YOUNG PEOPLE

This study has conducted a systematic review of the dangers of energy drinks (EDs) to the health of young people. 10 peer-reviewed articles published within the last five years were identified after careful screening of the search results in different databases. One major theme was apparent from the systematic review: energy drink consumption has adverse impacts on the health of young adults. The dangers of EDs manifest in form of reduced sleep, missed breakfasts, increased blood pressure and heart rate, cardiovascular issues, mental health problems, and oral health. A large proportion of young adults are unaware of the danger of energy drinks, and only associate them with improved performance. Public health initiatives should aim to educate the youth about the adverse impacts of EDs. Companies should also practice transparency in labeling with appropriate instructions for the right age of use. Research Aims. What are the dangers of energy drinks to young people’s health Methods. This research employed a systematic review of clinical articles which contained information answering the research question. A search was conducted on EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and Gale using the keywords, “energy drinks” and “the health of young people.” This study categorized young adults as teenagers and the youth aged 10-25 years. Results. Adolescents prone to consuming large amounts of energy drinks are most likely to demonstrate emotional problems, such as anxiety, stress, depression, and nervousness. Conclusion. Overall, young adults face significant risks to their mental, dental, emotional, physical, and behavioral health due to using EDs. Oral health is affected, as EDs reduce the pH level of the saliva. High acidity in oral cavities is associated with various dental issues. Emotional and behavioral problems mediated by reduced sleep and missed breakfast are one of the major impacts of ED consumption. Moreover, EDs affect the blood pressure and heart rate by causing them to rise. Sweetened energy drinks will increase blood glucose and insulin levels. Therefore, public health initiatives should aim to increase education and awareness about the dangers of energy drinks.

Mobile phone use by young children and parent's views on children's mobile phone usage.

This study aims to explore the prevalence of mobile phone use among young children aged 6 months to 4 years. We studied the usage patterns, optimal age for use, and the attitudes of parents toward their child's mobile phone use. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a pediatric OPD of a tertiary teaching hospital for a period of 2-months. Ethics committee approval and informed consent was taken before conducting the research. A predesigned and validated questionnaire was used to collect data. We calculated a sample size of 90 children at a 95% confidence level. Chi-square test and Fischer's exact test were used as a test of significance at 5% level of significance. We observed that 73.34% of children were using mobile phones and mobile phone usage increased with age. Children used mobile phones for educational purposes (43.9%), and for less than an hour a day (57.6%). In the 3-4 year age group, 19% used mobile phones for 3 hours or more. While 93.3% of parents felt they shouldn't give their child a phone, 71.4% children of these parents still used one. Our study highlights a high prevalence of mobile phone use among young children aged 6 months to 4 years. Although parents aimed to limit their child's phone usage, the reality was different. We recommend that guidelines on mobile phone use be followed in India.

An Explainable Advanced Electrocardiography Heart Age for Use in Both Sinus and Non-Sinus Rhythms Associates With Cardiovascular Risk, Morbidity, and Survival

An Explainable Advanced Electrocardiography Heart Age for Use in Both Sinus and Non-Sinus Rhythms Associates With Cardiovascular Risk, Morbidity, and Survival

ANALISA PENYELESAIAN MASALAH DAN PERBAIKAN ALAT PATIENT MONITOR DI RSUP H. ADAM MALIK MEDAN

Research on patient monitor tools has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the problem of repairing the patient monitor tool. Corrective maintenance is maintenance action taken to overcome damage or congestion that occurs repeatedly, then take corrective action on the tool. Patient monitor is a tool that is used to monitor the patient's physiological condition. The purpose of this study is Troubleshooting (damage) patient monitor tools. Improvements to the patient monitor tool with the results of the study found that troubleshooting was seen through the results of less accurate blood pressure calculations so that it affected the diagnosis process in NIBP (Non Invasive Blood Pressure), Spo2 (Oxygen Pressure Saturation) patients. Incorrect reading of SpO2 results can be affected by sensor damage which when diagnosing patients, Ecg (Electrocardiograph) affects the results of diagnostics made by the instrument on patients, Misdiagnosis can occur due to incorrect placement of electrodes/tappers, damaged electrodes, Temperature (temperature) on the temperature sensor, namely damage to the temperature connector cable and the occurrence of undetected temperature results on the patient monitor tool. The research is that the patient monitor has been functioning properly after checking and repairing. Maintenance of the patient monitor must be routine and scheduled to prevent damage so that the age of use of tools and accessories is longer. Testing and calibration of patient monitor tools, especially on patient monitor parameters, must carry out routine checks on patient monitors, especially patient monitor accessories.

P-791 Supplementation of mitochondria from endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs) improves oocyte quality in aged mice

Abstract Study question To improve the quality of aging oocytes by supplementing the mitochondria from endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs) via microinjection. Summary answer Supplementation with EnMSC-derived mitochondria can improve the quality of oocytes and promote embryo development in aging mice. What is known already Maternal aging is one of the major causes of reduced ovarian reserve and low oocyte quality in elderly women. Decreased oocyte quality is the main cause of age-related infertility. Mitochondria are multifunctional energy stations that determine the oocyte quality. The mitochondria in aging oocytes display functional impairments with mtDNA damage, which leads to reduced competence and developmental potential of oocytes. To improve oocyte quality, mitochondrial supplementation is carried out as a potential therapeutic approach. However, the selection of suitable cells as the source of mitochondria remains controversial. Study design, size, duration Study design: Eight-month-old ICR mice were purchased and then were further raised to ten months of age for use in the experiments. EnMSCs were stably cultivated and oocytes were extracted from ten-month-old ICR mice. Study size: About 300 GV oocytes and 134 MII oocytes were counted . 80 fertilized oocytes were transplanted into the fallopian tubes of surrogate mothers. Study duraton: About one half a year. Participants/materials, setting, methods Participants:ten-month-old ICR mice. Setting and methods: We cultivated EnMSCs from aged mice and extracted mitochondria from EnMSCs. And then GV oocytes were supplemented with mitochondria via microinjection. To further assess the effects of mitochondrial supplementation on embryo development, MII oocytes from aging mice were fertilized by ICSI combining EnMSCs mitochondria microinjection.To test whether mitochondrial supplementation could improve in vivo embryo development in aging mice, embryo transplantation was performed after mitochondrial microinjection combined with ICSI. Main results and the role of chance In this study, we found that the mitochondria derived from EnMSCs could significantly improve the quality of aging oocytes.Supplementation with EnMSC mitochondria significantly increased the blastocyst ratio of MII oocytes from aging mice after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We also found that the birth rate of mitochondria-injected aging oocytes was significantly increased after embryo transplantation. Limitations, reasons for caution Microinjection into oocytes was invasive and some oocytes died after microinjection. The ability of this method to improve oocyte quality was limited because the MII rate of oocytes after mitochondria supplementation was 35.65±1.75% while the rate of oocytes from 6–8 weeks of mice in a previous study was nearly 80%. Wider implications of the findings For clinical treatment, the EnMSCs can be obtained from the patient's own menstrual blood as the sources of mitochondrial supplementation. A noninvasive procedure for cell extraction ensures safety, and the findings of this work might provide a valuable strategy for patients with declining oocyte quality due to aging. Trial registration number Not applicable

An Experiment on Apparent Specific Gravity and Settleable Degree of Fire Extinguishing Agent according to Durable Years of Regional Powder Extinguisher

For powder extinguishing agents based on the useful life of the powder extinguisher, a powder extinguisher with a elapsed life of 6-10 years was collected from market, factory, and apartment houses to experiment with changes in volume by appearance and sedimentation, and to examine digestive characteristics. As a result of the study, the first, second, and third arithmetic mean analysis of the apparent specific gravity experiments from 6 to 10 years of use, showed that the total arithmetic average of three experiments in the market area with an 8-year useful life was 127mL. In 2012, the average arithmetic average of three experiments in multi-family housing with a 10-year useful life was 131mL, which was found to be inappropriate. Second, in the experimental value for sedimentation, it was found to be unsuitable in the 2012 sedimentation experiment on samples in the apartment area. In other words, the sedimentation test of the powder extinguishing agent should not occur within an hour, but the sample in the apartment complex area in 2012 was found to be defective. Third, the fire extinguisher needs to be strengthened to enable fire extinguisher maintenance and inspection because problems that cannot be used during initial fire suppression occur depending on the place of deployment, surrounding environment, age of use, and maintenance status.

Chronic cannabis use and error awareness: The effect on learning from errors.

Cannabis is the third most commonly used drug worldwide, with studies suggesting a deleterious effect on some aspects of performance monitoring. It is unknown, however, whether diminished error awareness influences adaptive behaviour in cannabis users. Therefore, this study examined the effect of error awareness on learning from errors in cannabis users. Thirty-six chronic cannabis users (Mage = 23.81 years; female, 36%) and 34 controls (Mage = 21.53 years; female, 76%) completed a Go/No-Go task that allowed participants to learn from errors and adapt their behaviour. Multilevel models were specified to determine whether the effect of error awareness on learning from errors differs between cannabis users and controls, and whether cannabis-use measures predict error correction while accounting for error awareness. While error awareness and correction rates did not differ between the groups, there was a significant effect of age of use onset on error correction in cannabis users. Further, the effect of error awareness was dependent on age of onset, and cannabis use-related frequency and harm. That is, cannabis users reporting an earlier age of regular use or scoring higher on the cannabis use index were less likely to perform correctly following an aware error. It appears overall cannabis use might not be tightly coupled to behavioural indices of performance monitoring. There is evidence, however, that aspects of cannabis use predict impairments in learning from errors that may be associated with treatment outcomes.

Utopia Ideology in Creating Fabric and Fashion Design

The current research has enabled both designer and recipient to move to a wide range of designs that became a rich source for the designer to use according to the ideology of the design idea. that group made a knowledge asset for the recipient, where this transition allowed to design products and non-compliance with a certain stereotype. Besides, the displacement of the concept of artistic sanctity, as well as that allowing transition from privacy to generality and the employment of imagination in a way that represents reality or is close to it. The first chapter dealt with the research problem and the need for it, as well as identifying the utopia ideology in the formation of fabric and fashion designs. Then, the research dealt with its limits, the designs of printed women’s fabrics and fashions for certain groups, and the researcher was able to define the terms according to the scientific research methodology. The second chapter contains topics, while the third chapter represented the research procedures and the analysis of models. The researcher concludes the results within the fourth chapter, the most important of which were: 1- Utopia ideology in all models relied on simulating the essence to move the recipient's perception from the apparent qualities of that vocabulary to the process of analyzing and assembling those works. Subsequently, reaching the idea of Utopia, was able to achieve the displacement of sanctity for some concepts of design ideology and give complete freedom to the designer and the choice of the recipient. 2- The formal structure of the design was able to achieve the interaction between the society and the age of use, forming a special thought that included the ideology of utopia, which relied on that interaction, leading to conclusions, recommendations, proposals, and sources

Spinal Canal and Spinal Cord in Rat Continue to Grow Even after Sexual Maturation: Anatomical Study and Molecular Proposition.

Although rodents have been widely used for experimental models of spinal cord diseases, the details of the growth curves of their spinal canal and spinal cord, as well as the molecular mechanism of the growth of adult rat spinal cords remain unavailable. They are particularly important when conducting the experiments of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), since the disease condition depends on the size of the spinal canal and the spinal cord. Thus, the purposes of the present study were to obtain accurate growth curves for the spinal canal and spinal cord in rats; to define the appropriate age in weeks for their use as a CSM model; and to propose a molecular mechanism of the growth of the adult spinal cord in rats. CT myelography was performed on Lewis rats from 4 weeks to 40 weeks of age. The vertical growth of the spinal canal at C5 reached a plateau after 20 and 12 weeks, and at T8 after 20 and 16 weeks, in males and females, respectively. The vertical growth of the C5 and T8 spinal cord reached a plateau after 24 weeks in both sexes. The vertical space available for the cord (SAC) of C5 and T8 did not significantly change after 8 weeks in either sex. Western blot analyses showed that VEGFA, FGF2, and BDNF were highly expressed in the cervical spinal cords of 4-week-old rats, and that the expression of these growth factors declined as rats grew. These findings indicate that the spinal canal and the spinal cord in rats continue to grow even after sexual maturation and that rats need to be at least 8 weeks of age for use in experimental models of CSM. The present study, in conjunction with recent evidence, proposes the hypothetical model that the growth of rat spinal cord after the postnatal period is mediated at least in part by differentiation of neural progenitor cells and that their differentiation potency is maintained by VEGFA, FGF2, and BDNF.

Biology and postnatal development of organ systems of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

The cynomolgus macaque has become the most used non-human primate species in nonclinical safety assessment during the past decades. This review summarizes the biological data and organ system development milestones of the cynomolgus macaque available in the literature. The cynomolgus macaque is born precocious relative to humans in some organ systems (e.g., nervous, skeletal, respiratory, and gastrointestinal). Organ systems develop, refine, and expand at different rates after birth. In general, the respiratory, gastrointestinal, renal, and hematopoietic systems mature at approximately 3 years of age. The female reproductive, cardiovascular and hepatobiliary systems mature at approximately 4 years of age. The central nervous, skeletal, immune, male reproductive, and endocrine systems complete their development at approximately 5 to 9 years of age. The cynomolgus macaque has no meaningful developmental differences in critical organ systems between 2 and 3 years of age for use in nonclinical safety assessment.

Study on the middle aged's use of and attitudes toward Kiosk

Study on the middle aged's use of and attitudes toward Kiosk

İlkokul Öğrencilerinin İnternet Algıları ve Kullanma Deneyimleri: Fenomenolojik Bir Araştırma

İnternet hayatın neredeyse her alanında ve sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Birçok işi hızlı ve kolay bir şekilde hâlletmeye olanak sağlayan internetin kullanım yaşı da düşmektedir. İlkokul öğrencileri tarafından da sıklıkla kullanılan internetin onlar tarafından nasıl algılandığı ve bu aracı kullanma deneyimlerinin belirlenmesi önemli görülmüştür. Bu kapsamda araştırmada ilkokul öğrencilerinin internet algılarının ve kullanma deneyimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilime göre araştırma tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde tipik durum örnekleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmaya 10 ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencisi katılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler öğrencilerin çizdiği resimler, bu resimlere ilişkin açıklamaları ve odak grup görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde doküman analizi ile tematik analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre ilkokul öğrencilerinin internet algılarını teknolojik cihazlar, sosyal medya ve akıllı telefon işletim sistemi uygulamaları şekillendirmektedir. İlkokul öğrencilerinin internet kullanım amaçlarının odağında araştırma, ödev yapma ve eğlence vardır. Bunun yanında öğrenciler internet kullanırken uygunsuz fotoğraflarla, bahis reklamlarıyla, şiddet içerikli oyun ve videolarla karşılaşmaktadır. İlkokul öğrencileri okul ve aileden internetin doğru kullanımı ile ilgili bilgi almıştır ve aileler internet kullanımı konusunda bir takım tedbirler almaktadır.

The Prediction of Brody, Logistik and Von Bertalanffy Models By Using The Bayesian Approach for Modeling The Growth Curves in Holstein Calves

In cattle breeding, growth curves are used for determining the most appropriate slaughter age, obtaining information about the general health status of animals, estimating the age of sexual maturity and the age of use in breeding, and selection studies. The aim of this study is to estimate the growth curves of Holstein calves using the Bayesian Approach of Brody, Logistik, and Von Bertalanffy models. The live weight data was collected from 34 Holstein calves raised at the cattle research farm of Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Ayhan Şahenk Agricultural Research and Application Center in 2019. Furthermore, for estimating the frequency modeling of the Holstein breed the predicted parameter values and standard deviation of parameters were used as the prior information. The Bayesian approach was used for making the statistical analysis. Monte Carlo Method Markov Chains (MCMC) algorithms were used to estimate the posterior distributions and it was 900,000 in total while excluding the 8000 burn-up periods. Random distribution graphs and autocorrelation graphs were used to control the iterations for the detection of posterior distributions. In this study, no problems arising from iteration were found. Moreover, the distribution information of the Brody, Logistic, and Von Bertalanffy model was calculated for the results. The Brody, Logistik and Von Bertalanffy model parameters distributions results can be used for modeling studies of the Holstein cattle breed. In addition, the compatibility of Brody, Logistik and Von Bertalanffy models was investigated by using data set, mean information of the posterior distributions estimated at the end of the study. The information for Brody, Logistik, and Von Bertalanffy model parameters was calculated, and the results of the posterior distributions showed the Deviation Information Criteria (DIC) values. For the comparison between the three models DIC values were calculated as 55.19, 33.17 and 38.02, respectively, and it was decided that the most compatible model was the Bayesian Logistics Model. The Bayesian Logistic Model, which is decided to be the most compatible, is a study-specific result.

Comprehensive literature review on the prevalence of comorbid conditions in patients with achondroplasia.

Achondroplasia (ACH) is a rare, genetic condition and is the most common skeletal dysplasia resulting in disproportionate short stature and numerous multi-systemic comorbidities. As we enter an era of new treatment options which may impact comorbidities, it is important to understand the background rates of these events to aid evaluation of potential treatment effects. Thus, the aim of this literature review was to provide a comprehensive quantification of prevalence estimates of comorbidities in achondroplasia by age for use as a compiled reference to assist in quantifying the risk/benefit of new treatment options and informing timely management of ACH. PubMed and Embase databases were searched, complemented by manual bibliography searching, for peer-reviewed articles published between 1975 and 2021, guided by PRISMA principles. Number of patients and the prevalence of specific comorbidities by age were extracted. We calculated exact 95%-confidence limits for the proportion of affected patients (prevalence) and data were presented visually using forest plots. An a priori decision was made not to utilise meta-analytic techniques to pool estimates as we intended to understand the variability in comorbidities by displaying each estimate separately. The literature search identified 206 articles of which 73 were eligible for inclusion. The majority of studies (n=34) had been conducted in the USA or in Europe (n=20). Study designs were mostly retrospective chart reviews (n=33) or small cohort studies (n=19). The availability of literature on particular conditions varied but trended towards a focus on assessment and prevention of severe conditions, such as respiratory conditions in children (21 studies), neurological manifestations (16 studies) and upper spine compression (15 studies). There was substantial heterogeneity in study design, type of clinical setting, populations and use of definitions in reporting comorbidities which need to be considered when interpreting study results. Despite the variability of the studies, comorbidity patterns by age were recognizable. In infants, a high prevalence (>20%) was found for kyphosis, a range of neurological manifestations and sleep apnea. There was also an excess mortality in infancy (4-7.8/100 person-years). Conditions identified in infancy continued to prevail in childhood. Genu varum was highly prevalent from the age children started to walk (9-75%). Other conditions started to emerge in children; those with a high prevalence (>20%) were hearing loss and pain. In adolescence, neurological manifestations in the arm, neck or leg were reported (~15%), consistent with symptomatic spinal stenosis or spinal compression. Fewer studies were available in older populations, especially in adults; however limited data suggest that pain and cardiovascular conditions, particularly excess weight and obesity, became more prevalent into adulthood. Mortality rates increased again in older age-groups. This review provides a reference base of current knowledge of the type and frequency of comorbidities in ACH. This not only allows future contextualisation of new treatment options but supports clinical decision-making on the timely medical management and intervention of ACH. This review also reflects the current medical priorities in the management of ACH, indicating a focus on pediatric care and the complex needs of individuals with ACH involving many different disciplines. Further studies into the natural history of this rare disease using more consistent definitions of comorbidities, especially into adulthood, are needed to elucidate the multi-systemic nature of this condition.

Peran Depo Pemeliharaan Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Alutsista Arhanud (Studi Di Depo Pemeliharaan Sistem Senjata Arhanud Kota Batu Jawa Timur)

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the role of Dohar Sista Arhanud in the maintenance of defense equipment and to analyze its implications for resilience of defense equipment. In this study, the theories used are role theory, bureaucratic theory, maintenance theory, readiness theory and resilience theory. This research method is a qualitative research with analytical descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, documentation and literature. Analysis of the data used is data categorization, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that through the role played by Dohar Sista Arhanud in the maintenance of the main defense equipment, it has implications for increasing the operational readiness of the main defense equipment , increasing the age of use to create resilience of the main defense equipment. In the implementation of defense equipment maintenance, there are obstacles faced by Dohar Sista Arhanud in maintaining the defense equipment including aspects of personnel, infrastructure, budget, organization and duties as well as policy aspects. The defense equipment maintenance activities carried out have implications for the defense of the main defense system, which can be seen through two aspects, namely: (1) operational readiness of the defense equipment and (2) the resilience of the defense equipment after maintenance.