Ag2O NPs Research Articles

Studying the properties of green synthesized silver oxide nanoparticles in the application of organic dye degradation under visible light.

In present study the green synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles has been effectively achieved using novel plant extract Phragmanthera Macrosolen. This method provides sustainable alternative for nanoparticle synthesis, demonstrating the potential of Phragmanthera Macrosolen as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the production of Ag2O NPs. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized for their structural, morphological, and optical properties, confirming their successful formation and potential applications in various fields. The effects of different pH values and annealing temperature of the samples on the properties of Ag2O NPs formations, as well as photo-catalytic activities towards Toluidine Blue dye degradations, were studied. Powder XRD reveals that the crystallite natures of Ag2O NPs a long with crystalline size ranges from 25.85 to 35.90nm. FIB-SEM and HR-TEM images displayed that the Ag2O NPs as spherical shapes. UV-vis spectroscopy displayed that Ag2O NPs belong to a direct-band gap of 2.1-2.6eV. FTIR- study shown that the green synthesized Ag2O NPs may be steadied via the interfaces of -OH as well as C = O groups in the carbohydrate, flavonoid, tannin, as well as phenolic acid existing in P. macrosolen L. leaf. The chemical states, electron-hole recombinations and purity of Ag and O in the synthesized Ag2O NPs were confirmed through X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and PL analysis respectively. Fascinatingly, the synthesized Ag2O NPs at pH 12 displayed high photo-catalytic degradations for TB dyes. The photo-catalytic degradations of the TB dyes were monitored spectro-photo-metrically in wave-length ranges of 200-900nm, as well as high efficiency (98.50%) with half-life of 9.5798min and kinetic rate constant of 0.07234min-1, was obtained after 45min of reactions. From this study, it can be concluded that Ag2O NPs synthesized from Phragmanthera Macrosolen aqueous extract are promising in the remediation of environmental pollution and water treatment. In this light, the study reports that Phragmanthera Macrosolen green synthesis of Ag2O NPs can effectively address environmental pollution in cost-effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable ways.

Probing variation of the structure and electrical conductivity of functionalized PVA based composite films doped with silver nanoparticles and irradiated by gamma rays

Polyvinyl alcohol/sulfuric acid/ethanol films doped with nano-silver particles are prepared using in-situ chemical reduction method. The as-prepared films are irradiated with gamma rays at dose range 0–50 kGy. The elemental analysis of as-prepared samples using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) showed presence of oxygen and silver peaks which refers to the probable formation of silver oxide nano-particle (Ag2O NPs) phase. Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirmed that the inserted Ag nanoparticles have regular and uniformly distributed pores within the PVA network. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicated that of Ag2O and Ag nanoparticles are embedded in the PVA matrix in cubic face-centered structure. Structural variations due to gamma irradiation are also probed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) which displayed that the diameter of encapsulated Ag nanoparticles increases from ∼15 nm up to 34 nm against irradiation dose. The measured dc electrical conductivity results indicated that the thermal activation energy decreased from 0.95 eV to 0.56 eV as a sequence of irradiation dose in the range 0–50 kGy The evaluation of the frequency exponent factor, s, derived from the measured ac conductivity data indicated that correlated barrier hopping (CBH) is the most probable conduction mechanism for the present films. The measured dielectric constants and Cole-Cole diagrams are employed in the analysis of the dependence of the dielectric constant on the irradiation dose.

STUDYING HOW DIESEL ENGINE ADDITIVES USING SILVER OXIDE (Ag2O) NANOPARTICLES AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT

Abstract: Biodiesel has been defined as an alternative fuel that has the potential to be used instead of diesel fuel for years. In case of complete combustion reaction in engines, the products released do not directly threaten human health. Compared to diesel fuel, biodiesel has worse combustion performance due to some fuel properties. Therefore, incomplete combustion products such as hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx), smoke emission and complete combustion products such as CO2 are thrown into the atmosphere. In this study, the changes in exhaust emissions of 50 ppm and 75 ppm Ag2O NPs were experimentally examined to improve the adverse combustion performance and emission characteristics of cottonseed oil methyl ester. In experiments, nano additive improved the thermal conductivity, mass dissipation and heat transfer of the test fuels, and resulted in reducing of CO emissions as it provided a higher oxidation rate of hydrocarbon molecules. Due to the improvement in the combustion reaction, CO2 emission increased with product of complete combustion. The increase in CO2 emissions was 3.17% and 3.97% for CAg-50 and CAg-75 fuels, respectively, when compared to C0 fuel at 40 Nm load. The NPs additive increased the lower calorific value of the fuel and cylinder temperature. This situation caused increase of NOx emissions by 3.69% and 7.47% CAg-50 and CAg-75 fuels 40 Nm load. Adding of NPs in base fuel reduced to viscosity and density provided better atomization. So a reduction in smoke emission was obtained with NPs addition by 35.09% and 47.32% in CAg-50 and CAg-75 fuels, respectively, compared to C0 fuel at 10 Nm load, while 7.45% and 19.43% at 40 Nm load.

Nanobiological synthesis of silver oxide-doped titanium oxide bionanocomposite targeting foodborne and phytopathogenic bacteria

Fungi possess remarkable capabilities for metal speciation, dissolution, and mineral formation, which contribute to the production of mycogenic nanostructures. This study explores a green chemistry approach for synthesizing silver oxide-doped titanium oxide (Ag2O-doped TiO2) bionanocomposite utilizing Trichoderma virens. The light yellowish fungal filtrate transformed into a dark brownish colloidal suspension after reacting with silver nitrate and rutile titanium (IV) oxide. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) unveiled the crystalline structure of Ag2O-doped TiO2 bionanocomposite (22.15 nm), showing the coexistence of cubic and rutile tetragonal phases of Ag2O and TiO2, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the presence of functional groups of alcohols, phenols nitro compounds, and aromatic amines derived from the cultural filtrate of T. virens. Raman analysis revealed vibrational modes corresponding to Ag2O and TiO2 nanoparticles. Distinct sharp emission peaks characteristic to Ti, Ag, and O were depicted using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) analysis. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of elemental valence states and binding energies of Ag, Ti, and O in the mycogenic nanocomposite. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed aggregation of polydispersed Ag2O-doped TiO2 bionanocomposite, displaying spherical- and cuboctahedron-shaped nanostructures with rough surfaces. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed the presence of circular-, semi-spherical-, hexagonal-, and polygonal-shaped monodispersed Ag2O NPs, with defined boundaries. The Ag2O NPs were obviously deposited on the sheet-like TiO2 NPs. Selected area electron diffraction pattern implied the polycrystallinity of the as-synthesized bionanocomposite. A broad antibacterial spectrum of the prepared bionanocomposite was attained against foodborne pathogenic bacteria; Escherichia coli (12.05 mm), Salmonella enterica (11.26 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (11.44 mm) and phytopathogenic bacteria; Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (15.72 mm), C. michiganensis subsp. capsici (10.80 mm), streptomycin-sensitive and -resistant Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (14.11 and 14.53 mm, respectively), and streptomycin-sensitive and -resistant Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (11.36 and 11.07 mm, respectively) using in vitro Kirby-Bauer method. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined via a broth micro-dilution assay. FESEM revealed significant morphological alterations in bacterial cells upon treatment with the Ag2O-doped TiO2 bionanocomposite, including deformed shape, rough surface, cell thinning, wrinkled cell wall, protrusions, cavitations, and cracks. These findings signify the successful mycosynthesis of Ag2O-doped TiO2 bionanocomposite, which acted a potent antibacterial agent against a variety of foodborne and phytopathogenic bacteria, which could be employed for environmental, biomedical, agricultural, food bio-processing applications.

Green biosynthesis of Ag2O nanoparticles by aqueous leaves extract of Thymus capitatus (Lamiaceae): effect of silver nitrate weight in optical and their biological activity

In this study, green synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) was achieved by bio-reduction of AgNO3 using Thymus Capitatus leaves extract. The effect of silver precursor contraction (0.1–1 g, AgNO3) was studied. X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystalline nature of Ag/Ag2O NPs with a crystallite size range from 18 to 24 nm. SEM showed that the green synthesizing silver oxide nanoparticles having in general as cubical shape. The obtained Ag2O NPs exhibit absorption at 273 nm with a direct bandgap ranging from 3.87 to 4.02 eV and an indirect bandgap of 2.99–3.44 eV, according to Uv-visible spectra. FTIR analysis exhibit a two weak peak at 517 and 458 cm−1 attributed to silver oxide-NPs vibration, confirming the nanoparticles formation. Among the examined extracts, Ag2O NPs with 1 g weight of AgNO3 showed the highest antioxidant activity with value of 3.42, 18.98 and 18.97 mg/mL for DPPH, FRAP and TAC tests respectively.

Synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extracts of Viscum orientale Willd, Coleus amboinicus Lour and evaluation of their antibacterial activity

The objective of this study was to develop a straightforward biological synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) using aqueous leaf extract of Viscum orientale Willd and Coleus amboinicus Lour as a good lowering and capping agent . The UV–visible bands observed at 499 and 451 nm was confirmed the creation of nanosized Ag2O particles making use of Viscum orientale Willd and Coleus amboinicus Lour plants. The formation of Ag2O stretching frequency was confirmed by FTIR spectral studies. Scanning electron microscopy and EDAX analysis displayed Ag2O nanoparticles have been pure and spherical shaped and had been the variety of length from 35±2 nm for (Ag2O NPs) by the usage of Viscum orientale Willd and 32±2 nm for (Ag2O NPs) Coleus amboinicus Lour vice-versa. The fashioned nanoparticles have been cubic in association and face-centered cubic in form, consistent with X-ray diffraction studies. The shaped green kind Ag2O NPs confirmed ambitious antibacterial against each gram possitive and gram negative bacteria.

Biogenic Ag2O nanoparticles with "Hoja Santa" (Piper auritum) extract: characterization and biological capabilities.

The 'sacred leaf' or "Hoja Santa" (Piper auritum Kunth) has a great value for Mexican culture and has gained popularity worldwide for its excellent properties from culinary to remedies. To contribute to its heritage, in this project we proposed the green synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) using an extract of "Hoja Santa" (Piper auritum) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized Ag2O NPs were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy (plasmon located at 405nm), X-ray diffraction (XRD) (particle size diameter of 10nm), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (particle size diameter of 13.62 ± 4.61nm), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (functional groups from "Hoja Santa" attached to nanoparticles). Antioxidant capacity was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of NPs against a panel of clinically relevant bacterial strains, including both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli O157:H7), was over 90% at concentrations of 200µg/mL. Additionally, we assessed the antibiofilm activity of the NPs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (reaching 98% of biofilm destruction at 800µg/mL), as biofilm formation plays a crucial role in bacterial resistance and chronic infections. Moreover, we investigated the impact of Ag2O NPs on immune cell viability, respiratory burst, and phagocytic activity to understand their effects on the immune system.

Biosynthesis of Bt-Ag2O nanoparticles using Bacillus thuringiensis and their pesticidal and antimicrobial activities.

Nanosilver oxide exhibits strong antibacterial and photocatalytic properties and has shown great application potential in food packaging, biochemical fields, and other fields involving diseases and pest control. In this study, Ag2O nanoparticles were synthesized using Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt-Ag2O NPs). The physicochemical characteristics of the Bt-Ag2O NPs were analyzed by UV‒vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and zeta potential. The phis-chemical characterization revealed that the Bt-Ag2O NPs are in spherical shape with the small particle size (18.24nm), high crystallinity, well dispersity, and stability. The biopesticidal and antifungal effects of Bt-Ag2O NPs were tested against Tribolium castaneum, Aspergillus flavus, and Penicillium chrysogenum. The survival, growth, and reproduction of tested pests and molds were significantly inhibited by Bt-Ag2O NPs in a dose-dependent manner. Bt-Ag2O NPs showed higher pesticidal activities against T. castaneum than Bt and commercial Ag2O NPs. The LC50 values of Bt, Ag2O NPs, and Bt-Ag2O NPs were 0.139%, 0.072%, and 0.06% on day 14, respectively. The Bt-Ag2O NPs also showed well antifungal activities against A. flavus and P. chrysogenum, while it resulted a small inhibition zone than commercial Ag2O NPs did. In addition, A. flavus showed much more sensitive to Bt-Ag2O NP treatments, compared to P. chrysogenum. Our results revealed that Bt-Ag2O NPs synthesized using B. thuringiensis could act as pesticides and antifungal agents in stored-product fields. KEY POINTS: • Bt-Ag2O NPs could be synthesized using Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). • The NPs showed a high degree of crystallinity, spherical shape, and small particle size. • The NPs also showed excellent insecticidal and antifungal activity.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using sustainable bio-fertilizer (Panchakavyam) for the selective oxidation of propylene glycol and veratryl alcohol

This study demonstrates the selective oxidation of propylene glycol and veratryl alcohol utilizing silver oxide nanoparticles. This work adopted employing Panchakavyam, a medicinally rich bio-fertilizer for synthesizing silver oxide nanoparticles. In the present study, panchakavyam was prepared as a supporting material for the synthesis of silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs). The traditional source of panchakavyam makes it cost effective, eco-friendly and the positive alteration of structure and shape of the catalyst enabled to deliver high yield of value added products. The synthesized silver oxide nanoparticle’s structure, shape, reactivity, stability, nature of the catalyst, thermal behaviour were studied and analysed through standard catalyst characterization techniques. Post synthesis of nanoparticles, selective oxidation reaction was carried out by confining the silver oxide nanoparticles as a nano catalyst. The tert-butyl hydroperoxide was chosen as the solvent for the oxidation studies of propylene glycol and veratryl alcohol. This study was performed by varying the reaction parameters such as temperature, pressure, time, WHSV−1 etc., to obtain the maximum yield of most desired product. The study involving conversion of propylene glycol(PG) to hydroxy acetone(HA) showed a conversion and selectivity of 100 and 99%, respectively. Similarly conversion of veratryl alcohol(VAOL) to veratraldehyde(VAL) showed a conversion and selectivity of 100 and 97.8%, respectively. The result of the study provides a path to explore the adoption of sustainable catalyst in the conversion of propylene glycol and veratryl alcohol to an industrially important products.

Morphology and photocatalytic properties of Ag2O nanoparticles synthesised in processes based on different forms of energy

In this study, the influence of the energy supply of the system on the properties of the obtained silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) was investigated, including properties that directly affect their photocatalytic properties, i.e. surface area, particle size and nanoparticle stability. The types of supplied energy used in the processes of obtaining nanoparticles, i.e. microwave radiation, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, conventional heating, ultrasound, and mechanical energy were compared by determining their utility power of the appliance, the energy consumption of the appliance, the maximum energy exchange efficiency, and the heating efficiency. Synthesised materials were characterised using different techniques including XRD, STEM, UV-VIS, DLS, FTIR, BET, Raman, zeta potential. The smallest particle sizes were obtained using ultrasound as the energy source, for which the highest material heating gradient (29.89 K/min) was obtained, while the highest heating efficiency (72.37%) was obtained using microwave radiation. The use of microwave and ultrasonic energy ensured a high heating rate of the material while maintaining maximum heating efficiency. The highest photocatalytic activity was exhibited by Ag2O NPs obtained in the microwave reactor obtaining 87% rhodamine removal efficiency in visible light and 52% in UV light.

The Proliferation of Refined Optical and Emission Properties of Silver Oxide Nanoparticles using various Leaf Extracts

Plant-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a promising approach, leveraging the unique properties of plant extracts. In this study, extracts from Bidens pilosa, Achyranthes aspera, and Tecoma stans were used to synthesize silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs). The experimental results demonstrated successful synthesis of Ag2O NPs using a Soxhlet extraction method and subsequent characterization of the nanoparticles. The photoluminescence and optical properties of the synthesized Ag2O NPs were investigated, revealing distinct emission peaks and strong absorption in the visible region. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was also assessed, showing potential for their use in controlling and preventing infections. Overall, this study highlights the valuable optical and fluorescence properties of green extracts and their impact on the synthesis and functionality of silver oxide nanoparticles, paving the way for future research in the field of biotechnology and antimicrobial applications.

Characterisation of binary (NiO)x (Ag2O)1−x nanoparticles synthesised via the thermal treatment route

In this study, binary nickel oxide silver oxide nanoparticles (NiO)x (Ag2O)1−x (NPs) were synthesised for the first time using the thermal treatment route at higher and lower precursor values. Two precursors and 5 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were employed to obtain the (NiO)x (Ag2O)1−x NPs at 700 °C. The obtained NiO NPs documented cubic and hexagonal phases when assessed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) at (x = 0.4 and 0.6) and (x = 0.2 and 0.8), respectively. The cubic phase was confirmed for Ag2O NPs in all prepared samples. The smallest crystallite and particle sizes were found at x = 0.8. The particle size ranged from 23.0 to 45.0 nm, which was evaluated with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Two shapes, NiO doped with porous Ag2O nanosheets, were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The purity of the products was evaluated via energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The synthesised NPs were composed of nickel (Ni), silver (Ag), and oxygen (O). Moreover, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis performed during this study revealed the chemical states of the Ni, Ag, and O present, which confirmed the purity of the NPs. The ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) assessment conducted also demonstrated that the energy band gaps for nickel oxide (NiO) and silver oxide (Ag2O) increased with rising x values. The photoluminescence (PL) analysis performed in this study also verified the existence of two emission peaks attributable to NiO and Ag2O, indicating that the NPs possess good photocatalytic activity. Consequently, the NPs synthesised in the present study could be applied as antimicrobial agents in wastewater treatment.

NIR as a “trigger switch” for situ distinguish superbacteria and photothermal synergistic antibacterial treatment with Ag2O particles/lignosulfonate/cationic guar gum hybrid hydrogel

The in situ identification of superbugs with the simultaneous killing of it is key to preventing human health. Here, a one-stop identification and killing platform for near-infrared (NIR) triggering was designed and constructed using lignosulfonate (LS), cationic guar gum (CG) and Ag2O NPs hydrogels (LS/CG/Ag2O). The hydrogel network is used as a fixed matrix for Ag2O NPs and a nano reactor, meanwhile 3,3′, 5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as a single probe sensor array for bacterial identification. In contrast to conventional methods, hybrid hydrogels have catalytic qualities through which TMB be catalyzed to generate oxidized TMB (oxTMB). The drug resistance of the same strain can be distinguished based on the different inhibition abilities of drug-resistant superbacteria in TMB and hydrogel reactions. Then, the employing of oxTMB photothermal characteristics, it can be efficiently killed in real time while being driven by a near-infrared laser. The proposed one-stop hydrogel platform paves a way for the rapid identification and killing of drug-resistant superbacteria.

Fluoroplast Doped by Ag2O Nanoparticles as New Repairing Non-Cytotoxic Antibacterial Coating for Meat Industry

Foodborne infections are an important global health problem due to their high prevalence and potential for severe complications. Bacterial contamination of meat during processing at the enterprise can be a source of foodborne infections. Polymeric coatings with antibacterial properties can be applied to prevent bacterial contamination. A composite coating based on fluoroplast and Ag2O NPs can serve as such a coating. In present study, we, for the first time, created a composite coating based on fluoroplast and Ag2O NPs. Using laser ablation in water, we obtained spherical Ag2O NPs with an average size of 45 nm and a ζ-potential of -32 mV. The resulting Ag2O NPs at concentrations of 0.001-0.1% were transferred into acetone and mixed with a fluoroplast-based varnish. The developed coating made it possible to completely eliminate damage to a Teflon cutting board. The fluoroplast/Ag2O NP coating was free of defects and inhomogeneities at the nano level. The fluoroplast/Ag2O NP composite increased the production of ROS (H2O2, OH radical), 8-oxogualnine in DNA in vitro, and long-lived active forms of proteins. The effect depended on the mass fraction of the added Ag2O NPs. The 0.01-0.1% fluoroplast/NP Ag2O coating exhibited excellent bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but did not affect the viability of eukaryotic cells. The developed PTFE/NP Ag2O 0.01-0.1% coating can be used to protect cutting boards from bacterial contamination in the meat processing industry.

In Vitro Study of Ag2O, MgO Nanoparticles and Sb Drug Cytotoxic Effects on Leishmania donovani

Background: Leishmania is a parasitic protozoan that causes severe illness in humans. While pentavalent antimony compounds (Sb Drug) are used as antileishmanic drugs but are linked to limitations and many adverse complications.
 Objective: Therefore, commitment is still needed to find a new and successful treatment.
 Material & methods: In this study, the effect of Ag2O, MgO nanoparticles with mean particles size of (12-28)nm and(7-12)nm respectively on Leishmania was evaluated. Viability percentage of promastigotes following the addition of different concentrations of Ag2O, MgO nanoparticles and Sb drugs (25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 μg / ml ) to the parasite culture, assessed using colorimetric ALAMAR stain in (24,48 72)hours.
 Results: The concentration that the number of parasite by half (IC50) value was measured after 24, 48 and 72 hours for Sb, Ag2O NPs and MgO NPs. For Ag2O NPs the IC50 was 2.404 after 72 hours only, and doesn’t reveal any value in 24 hour, 48 hour, in comparison to Sb drug and MgO NPs which doesn't reveal IC50 value in all used concentration and periods.
 Conclusion: Our data determine the superiority of Ag2O NPs and MgO NPs over standard in vitro pentostam that's it. Provides the possibility of using these Ag2O NPs and MgO NPs as a drug target for candidates with better antileishmanial efficacy.

Electrochemical post-treatment of bimetallic-ICP/RGO precursor for Z-scheme CuOx·Ag2O/RGO hetero-structure with catalytic activity enhancement for visible-light-driven photo-Fenton degradation of tetracycline

In this work, rationally designed bimetallic infinite coordination polymer (ICP) was mixed with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) to serve as precursors for the preparation of CuOx·Ag2O/RGO hetero-structure. As the growth of metal oxide nuclei within the ICP network was restricted and more surface-oxygenated species of RGO were exposed during the electrochemical post-treatment process, the CuOx·Ag2O NPs supported on RGO were evenly-distributed nanoparticles with ultra-small size (2.89 ± 0.37 nm), which exhibited excellent catalytic activity enhancement in visible-light-driven photo-Fenton degradation of the model antibiotic tetracycline (TC). Moreover, since the CuOx·Ag2O/RGO was in-situ decorated on ITO glass, recycling of the catalysts with long-term stability could be realized, even after 5 cycles, 91.4 % of TC (10 mL, 50 mg/L) could be degraded within 60 min. A series of characterization and experiment results demonstrated the improved catalytic performance of CuOx·Ag2O/RGO for photo-Fenton degradation was stemmed from the synergistic effect of the components within the catalyst, which facilitated solar energy absorption, accelerated the separation of photo-generated hole-electron pairs through Z-scheme charge transfer way, and strengthened their mechanical stability on the substrate. This newly created catalysts for photo-Fenton reaction are of great potential to achieve the practical treatment of antibiotics-contaminated wastewater.

Optical properties containing of bioinspired Ag2O nanoparticles anchored on CA/PES polymer membrane shows an effective adsorbent material

Effective and selective removal of organic dye from water systems is a pressing global challenge for both drinking water and wastewater purification. Removal of dyes from wastewater is a challenging task, the combined use of inorganic nanomaterials and membrane technology to overcome these problems using adsorption. In this paper, optical properties containing of bioinspired Gomutra mediated Ag2O NPs prepared by hydrothermal method and it’s anchored onto CA/PES polymer composite membrane via phase inversion method for enhance the surface of the membrane properties. According to the resulting experiment pristine membrane there is no adsorption ability towards dye molecules but with 0.5 wt.% of Ag2O NPs dosage of membrane showed superior removal efficiency of 88% and 77% at MB dye and textile effluents. The most effective temperature, pH and concentration were found to be 273 K, pH 9 and 1 ×10-5 M. Kinetic studies exhibit the rate of the reaction for MB dye shows R2 = 0.8780 and R2 = 0.9607 for textile effluents which obeys the pseudo first order reaction. Furthermore, when non-treated effluent samples were compared to those treated with prepared membrane all physiochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, BOD, COD, TDS, sulfate, chloride and hardness showed significant decrease in concentration. Therefore, the modified composite material demonstrates that highly efficient and universally applicable for wastewater treatment.

Synergistic impact of two-dimensional Ag2O/Co3O4 nanocomposites for improved photocatalytic performance

The development of a stable, cost-effective and efficient photocatalyst for the detoxification of organic pollutants is significant and has become the main challenge. Herein, two-dimensional (2D)-Ag2O/Co3O4 nanocomposites were synthesized via a facile and novel soft chemical procedure in the existence of non-ionic surfactant pluronic F-68 for the first time for utilizing in photodegradation of Foron Blue (FB) dyes. The N2 isotherms Ag2O/Co3O4 nanocomposites indicated the existence of the IV isotherm type, confirming the formation of mesopores structure. The photodegradation efficiency of Ag2O/Co3O4 nanocomposites is much better than bare Co3O4 NPs, and the 0.9%Ag2O/Co3O4 is considered the optimum one with 100% FB dye degradation after 40 min of illumination. Interestingly, the photodegradation rate over 0.9% Ag2O/Co3O4 nanocomposite was promoted 2.5 times larger than that bare Co3O4 NPs. The highest kapp values (0.0789 min−1) for 0.9% Ag2O/Co3O4 nanocomposites is about 4 times higher than bare Co3O4 (0.0202 min−1). The excellent synergistic impact between Ag2O and Co3O4 indicated the advantageous visible-light-induced FB dye degradation efficiency compared with bare Co3O4 NPs. The 0.9%Ag2O/Co3O4 nanocomposite exhibited the highest photocurrent density and lowest PL emission peak under illumination due to the facilitated interfacial hole mobility and prohibited electron recombination. The formation energy bands of Ag2O/Co3O4 with S-scheme junction can suppress photoinduced electron-hole recombination and form more active species for photodegradation of FB dye. It is worth noting that the incorporation of Ag2O NPs at a specific amount is played an essential role in improving the degradation efficiency. In addition, it exhibited excellent durability and stability even after five consecutive cycles.

Spherical silver oxide nanoparticles for fabrication of electrochemical sensor for efficient 4-Nitrotoluene detection and assessment of their antimicrobial activity

This research article reports an economic and affordable microwave-assisted synthesis of spherical silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) (80–90 nm) for an efficient electrochemical sensing of a hazardous organic pollutant 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT). Such well-characterized Ag2O NPs were utilized to modify gold (Au) electrode in order to fabricate Ag2O-NPs/Au sensor to detect 4-NT using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) techniques. Ag2O-NPs/Au sensor exhibited a distinguished electrical response as a function of varying 4-NT concentration in neutral medium samples. Ag2O-NPs/Au sensor demonstrated an ultrahigh sensitivity as 15.33 μA (μM)−1 cm−2, a low detection limit of 62.3 nM, and linear response in detection ranges of 0.6–5.9 μM and 37–175 μM. The sensing performance of fabricated Ag2O-NPs/Au sensor is reproducible, reusable, selective in presence of other chemical species, and validated using real samples. The Ag2O/Au sensor had much rapid and easy fabrication process and offered much lower LOD for 4-NT detection than many previously reported sensors. Along with efficient electrochemical activity, the spherical Ag2O NPs also exhibit remarkable antimicrobial activity against harmful gram negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. Herein projected efficient Ag2O-NPs/Au electrochemical sensor for 4-NT is affordable with the capability of scaling up to perform point-of-care 4-NT testing needed for successful environmental monitoring and water quality assurance.

Preparation and physico-chemical studies of Ag2O nanoparticles using newly formed malonic acid and ZnCl2-based deep eutectic solvents

Among the many metallic nanoparticles used in biomedical applications, Silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag2O NPs) are the most important and fascinating nanoparticles, and they are particularly relevant in nanomedicine. To prepare Ag NPs, many methods have been employed; we chose the most typical chemical reduction method utilizing a reducing agent. In this investigation, deep eutectic solvents (Malonic acid with Glucose and Fructose, Zinc chloride with Glucose and Fructose) were used as a medium to prepare silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles by the chemical reduction method, and hydrazine hydrate was used as a reducing agent in the presence of sodium hydroxide, a stabilizing agent. The capacity to synthesize a high number of NPs in a short time is one of the most significant advantages of this method. The product silver NPs were characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX). It was observed that Ag2O nanoparticles were formed due to the high viscosity of DESs.The XRD proved that Ag2O nanoparticles were formed in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) of MA-GLU, MA-FRU, ZC-GLU, and ZC-FRU with the grain sizes of the particles -in the nano scale. Furthermore, the SEM analysis also supported that the morphology of the Ag2O particles is very clear at the nano scale and the EDAX analysis supported the purity of the Ag2O nanoparticles obtained in the DESs medium.