We examined populations of perennial, shrubby buckwheats in the Eriogonum corymbosum complex and related Eriogonum spe- cies in the subgenus Eucycla , to assess genetic affiliations of the recently named E. corymbosum var. nilesii . The known populations of this variety are all located in Clark County, Nevada, U. S. A. We compared AFLP profiles and chloroplast DNA sequences of plants sampled from popula- tions of E. corymbosum var. nilesii with those of plants representing other E. corymbosum varieties and related Eriogonum species from Colorado, Utah, northern Arizona, and northern New Mexico. We found evidence of genetic cohesion among the Clark County populations as well as their genetic divergence from populations of other E. corymbosum varieties and species. The genetic component uncovered in this study sup- ports the morphological findings upon which the nomenclatural change was based, attesting to the taxonomic distinctness of this biological entity.