Shape Of Aedeagus Research Articles

<i>Elytroatra</i> Daccordi, status novus, e descrizione di <i>E. caroli</i>, species nova, di Bolivia con brevi note su alcuni generi di Chrysomelinae Doryphorini neotropicali ad esso affini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Elytroatra Daccordi, status novus, and description of E. caroli, species nova, from Bolivia with brief notes on some related neotropical genera of Chrysomelinae Doryphorini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Elytroatra Daccordi 2008 is raised to genus level from its original status as subgenus of Proseicela Chevrolat 1836. The new status is proposed in consideration of the wide clypeus, almost smooth, the supra-orbital area strongly raised, with the eyes placed at its vertex so that the head appears notably transversally widened, absence of metathoracic wings, elytral shape elongate with a narrow apical angle (nearly 60°), for the presence of a wide, continuous, bulgy elytral lateral callus, narrow and elongated femora and particularly narrow and elongated tibiae. Type species of the genus is Elytrosphaera melas Jolivet 1950. Elytroatra caroli sp. n. is here described from the same biogeographic region of the Bolivian Yungas. and is the second known species of the genus. Elytroatra caroli sp. n. can be separated at first glance from its relative E. melas for its thoroughly shining black coloration, absence of two symmetrical pores at sides of pronotal disc, the shape of aedeagus with the apex narrower and elongated and shorter and less arcuate tegmen. [Article in Italian]

A new Cardiophorinae-like click-beetle from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Elateridae)

A new click-beetle, Cretocardiophorus laminatus gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on a well-preserved female specimen from the mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Two potential male specimens of this new species are also reported and illustrated. Cretocardiophorus gen. nov. may be related to the morden subfamily Cardiophorinae by its typical habitus, especially the heart-shaped scutellar shield. This new genus is also notable by the flat and slightly enlarged pedicel of antenna, the presence of styli in ovipositor, as well as the shape of aedeagus, which distinguish it from the modern Cardiophorinae. In addition, its leg has elongated tarsi covered with extremely long bristles, which is rare in Elateridae and similar to those beetles that inhabit sandy environments. This is the eighth Elateridae known from mid-Cretaceous of Northern Myanmar amber.

A contribution to the genus Romattalus Tshernyshev, 2021 (Coleoptera, Malachiidae)

The genus Romattalus Tshernyshev, 2021 is recorded from China for the first time. A new species, Romattalus flavojubatus Tong & Yang, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Xizang, China. This new species is the second member of Romattalus and differs from R. dudkoi Tshernyshev, 2021 by the male sexually dimorphic pronotum possessing tufts of long pendent yellow hairs on lateral sides, and the shape of aedeagus, which is subparallel-sided at basal 2/3 in ventral view, then progressively narrowed apically, while in R. dudkoi, pronotum mixed with brown and yellow hairs, and the aedeagus distinctly swollen in middle part and widest at apical 1/4 part.

Taxonomic Studies on Graminaceous Stem Borers from North India

Thirteen species of stem borers attacking graminaceous crops, belonging to five genera viz. Chilo Zincken, 1817; Scirpophaga Treitschke, 1832; Bissetia Kapur, 1950; Emmalocera Ragonot, 1888; Sesamia (Guenee, 1852) have been redescribed with current valid names, synonyms, authors, distribution, and host plants. The specimens were identified from characters of the genitalia such as shape of the uncus, gnathos, valva, projections of the costa or tegumen, and shape of aedeagus. The genitalia of Emmalocera aurifusellus (Walker, 1866) is described here for the first time. Photographic illustrations for each species which includes the male and female habitus, and the genitalia of both sexes and diagnostic keys are provided.

Descriptions of two new flightless species of Pseudocsikia Schimmel & Platia (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Dimini) from Taiwan Island, China, with a definition of the formosana species-group.

Two new flightless click beetle species, Pseudocsikiachoui sp. nov. and Pseudocsikiachanjuan sp. nov., are described and illustrated from Taiwan, China. Their habitus and diagnostic characters are illustrated. The two species most resemble P.formosana, which is endemic to Taiwan, by the strongly protruding pronotal anterior angles accompanied by pits and the shape of aedeagus. They can be all grouped as the P.formosana-species group. A key to the species of the P.formosana-species group and an updated checklist of Chinese Pseudocsikia with supplementary notes on type localities are provided. The discovery of two new species highlights the potential species-richness of the flightless click-beetles on Taiwan Island.

Taxonomy of Two Psyllid Species of Cacopsylla genus (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Associated with Prunus africana (Rosaceae) from Cameroon

Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) are sap-sucking insects inducing serious damages to their host plants. Among the plants attacked by the psyllids in Cameroon, there is Prunus africana (Rosaceae), an important medicinal plant which is associated with two non-described psyllid species belonging to Cacopsylla genus. The two species induce necrosis of the leaves and stunt the growth of shoots of the host plant principally when it is in nursery. The aim of this survey is to describe and identify the two species of psyllids associated to P. africana. The specimens were captured with a sweep net of 0.5 mm mesh size and mouth aspirator. The fifth instar immatures and adults were described from the illustrated diagrams made with the aid of microscope as well as the morphological comparison with previously described species. The morphological examination shows that the two species share the nymph circumanal shape, but the abdomen distal margin bears different types of setae. In adult, the two species also share the head, forewing, and distal portion of aedeagus shape. They differ morphologically from the structure of paramere and female genitalia. When the two species of Cacopsylla described in this survey are compared to other species described elsewhere, they are morphologically different, notably the structure of paramere and female genitalia, the host plant species are also different. Then they are new species named Cacopsylla bamendae sp. nov. and C. messii sp. nov.

A new subspecies of the genus Duvalius Delarouzée, 1859 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini) from western Serbia, with a key and an annotated catalogue of Serbian Biharotrechus and Duvalius s. str. taxa

Duvalius semecensis tarensisssp. nov. from two subterranean sites situated on Mt. Tara (western Serbia) is described, illustrated and compared with its most related congeners. It is provisionally placed in the subgenus Biharotrechus Bokor, 1922. The new subspecies is characterized by a depigmented, medium-sized body, the presence of reduced eyes, deep and complete frontal furrows, two pairs of discal setae in third elytral striae, as well as by the shape of aedeagus. It inhabits caves on Mt. Tara and is endemic of this mountain. Data on the distribution and bionomy of the new subspecies are given. Its closest relative, Duvalius (Biharotrechus) semecensis semecensis Winkler, 1926, is redescribed and we designated its holotype by monotypy. A key for the identification and an annotated catalogue of Serbian Biharotrechus and Duvalius s. str. taxa are also provided.

Evolution of male genitalia in the Drosophila repleta species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae).

The Drosophila repleta group comprises more than one hundred species that inhabit several environments in the Neotropics and use different hosts as rearing and feeding resources. Rather homogeneous in their external morphology, they are generally distinguished by the male genitalia, seemingly their fastest evolving morphological trait, constituting an excellent model to study patterns of genital evolution in the context of a continental adaptive radiation. Although much is known about the evolution of animal genitalia at population level, surveys on macroevolutionary scale of this phenomenon are scarce. This study used a suite of phylogenetic comparative methods to elucidate the macroevolutionary patterns of genital evolution through deep time and large continental scales. Our results indicate that male genital size and some aspects of shape have been evolving by speciational evolution, probably due to the microevolutionary processes involved in species mate recognition. In contrast, several features of the aedeagus shape seemed to have evolved in a gradual fashion, with heterogeneous evolutionary phenotypic rates among clades. In general, the tempo of the evolution of aedeagus morphology was constant from the origin of the group until the Pliocene, when it accelerated in some clades that diversified mainly in this period. The incidence of novel ecological conditions in the tempo of aedeagus evolution and the relationship between species mate recognition and speciation in the Drosophila repleta group are discussed.

A new species of the genus Potamophylax Wallengren, 1891 (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) from Qafështamë National Park in Albania

In this paper we describe Potamophylax qafshtamaensis sp. n., a new species of the Potamophylax winneguthi species group, from Qafështamë National Park in Albania. The new species belongs to the Potamophylax tagas species cluster and is most close to Potamophylax hajlos Oláh, 2012 and Potamophylax alsos Oláh, 2014. Potamophylax qafshtamaensis sp. n. differs from all known species of the P. tagas species cluster by its unique shape of aedeagus. It also differs from its most similar congeners mainly in exhibiting differently shaped inferior appendages and parameres in males, as well as setose sternite IX and the dorsal unsetose plate of the anal tube in female.The new species is microendemic of Qafështamë National Park and is the fifth known species of the Potamophylax tagas species cluster, which is distributed in Albania and Macedonia.

Notes on the genus Parastasia Westwood (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) from China, with description of a new species.

Parastasia qiului Zhao, new species is described and illustrated from southwest China. This new species is allied to P. akebono Wada, 2015 from India, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the differences of color pattern and the shape of aedeagus. Parastasia sawadai Wada, 2003, P. alternata Arrow, 1899, and P. indica Ohaus, 1898 are reported new to Chinese fauna. Additional records for P. oberthueri Ohaus, 1900 and P. birmana Arrow, 1899 are provided. The knowledge of the natural history in this genus is improved.

A New Brazilian Species of Gnathymenus Solier (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)

Gnathymenus hoppi Bortoluzzi and Caron, new species, an apterous species collected from leaf litter in coastal submontane forest, is described and illustrated, and represents the 10th species of the genus from Brazil. Gnathymenus hoppi may be distinguished from other species by the shape of aedeagus.

Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) of Gabon (10th part): addenda and corrigenda

The paper deals with some additions and corrections of preceding works on Coleoptera Hydradephaga from Gabon, and a rectification of «A revision and synopsis of the African species of the genus <em>Copelatus</em> Erichson, 1832. The group <em>erichsonii</em>, subgroup <em>atrosulcatus</em> (Coleoptera Dytiscidae)» (Bilardo & Rocchi, 2015). Three new species of diving beetles are described, namely: <em>Hydrovatus</em> <em>batekensis</em> n. sp. of the <em>villiersi</em> group, close to <em>H. niger</em> Gschwendtner, 1938 and <em>Hydrovatus bistroem</em>i n. sp. of the oblongipennis group, close to <em>H. lintrarius</em> Guignot, 1958 and <em>H. omentatus</em> Guignot, 1950; both new species are principally distinguishable by the shape of aedeagus. The third new species is <em>Copelatus</em> <em>terzanii</em> n. sp. of the <em>irinus</em> group (subgroup <em>assimilis</em>) close to <em>C. efoutensis</em> Bilardo & Rocchi, 1995 and <em>C. curtistriatus</em> Bilardo & Rocchi, 1995; also that new species is distinguishable above all by the shape of aedeagus. The male of Yola marginata Biström, 1983, unknown up to now, is described. The second record from Gabon of Copelatus mvoungensis Bilardo & Rocchi, 2004 is reported. The following synonymies are proposed: <em>Copelatus</em> <em>apuzzoi</em> Bilardo & Rocchi, 1999 = <em>C. pederzanii</em> Bilardo & Rocchi, 1995 and <em>Copelatus assimilis</em> <em>incristatus</em> Bilardo & Rocchi, 2002 = <em>Copelatus assimilis </em>Régimbart, 1895. The paper Bilardo & Rocchi (2015) contains a misleading phrase concerning the subdivision of the subgroups <em>atrosulcatus/vigintistriatus</em>; it was therefore necessary to replace the ambiguous phrase with a correct one. The rectified phrase is reported herewith in French and in English.

Electribius relictus, a new extant species of Artematopodidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) from Veracruz, Mexico.

Electribius relictus sp. nov. (Artematopodidae) is described from a cloud forest fragment in central Veracruz, Mexico. This species is distinguished from the other extant species known, E. crowsoni Lawrence (Mexico) and E. similis Lawrence (El Salvador), by the pronotum and elytra completely black, pronotum with margins crenulate at base, fifth abdominal ventrite with distinct median ridge, and the shape of aedeagus. The new species is illustrated and a key for the identification of extant species of the genus and ecological data for the collecting site are provided.

The role of aedeagus size and shape in failed mating interactions among recently diverged taxa in the Drosophila mojavensis species cluster.

BackgroundInvestigating the evolution of species-specific insect genitalia is central to understanding how morphological diversification contributes to reproductive isolation and lineage divergence. While many studies evoke some form of sexual selection to explain genitalia diversity, the basis of selection and the mechanism of heterospecific mate exclusion remains vague. I conducted reciprocal mate pair trials in the Drosophila mojavensis species cluster to quantify the frequency of failed insemination attempts, historically referred to as pseudocopulation, between lineages with discrete size and shape differences of the male aedeagus.ResultsIn cross-taxon matings aedeagus size had a significant effect on pseudocopulation frequencies, while aedeagus shape and genetic distance did not. The direction of the size difference was an important factor for successful mating. When females were mated to a cross-taxon male with a larger aedeagus than males from her own species, the pair could not establish a successful mating interaction. Females mated to cross-taxon males with a smaller aedeagus than conspecific males were able to establish the mating interaction but had issues disengaging at the end of the interaction.ConclusionsThe results of this study support a role for aedeagus size in the male-female mating interaction, with a secondary role for aedeagus shape. In natural populations, mating failure based on aedeagus size could serve as an important reproductive isolating mechanism resulting in failed insemination attempts after both the male and female show a willingness to mate.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0255-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

PM 7/116 (1)Tetranychus evansi

PM 7/116 (1)<i>Tetranychus evansi</i>

A New Species ofNosodendronLatreille (Coleoptera: Nosodendridae) from the Caroline Islands

A new species of the genus Nosodendron Latreille, 1804 (Nosodendridae), Nosodendron carolinense Yoshitomi, new species, is described from Dublon Island in the Chuuk Atoll of the Caroline Islands. The species is similar to Nosodendron prudeki Háva, 2000 known from southern Thailand, but differs by body size, punctation of the mentum, and shape of aedeagus. This is the first record of the family from Micronesia.

A new species of the genus Duvalius sg. Neoduvalius from Montenegro with taxonomical remarks on the genus Duvalius (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini)

Duvalius (sg. Neoduvalius) gejzadunayi sp. n. from Pećina u Dubokom potoku cave ( Donje Biševo village near Rožaje, Montenegro), the first known representative of this subgenus from the territory of Montenegro is described, illustrated and compared with the related species of the subgenus Neoduvalius Müller, 1913. This new species is characterised by depigmented, medium sized body, totally reduced eyes, deep and complete frontal furrows, 3–4 pairs of discal setae in third elytral stria, as well as by the shape of aedeagus. Data on the distribution and the ecology of this remarkable species, as well as a check-list of the subgenus Neoduvalius are also provided. Recently described genera Serboduvalius Ćurčić, S. B. Pavićević & Ćurčić, B.P.M., 2001, Rascioduvalius Ćurčić, S. B. Brajković, Mitić & Ćurčić, B.P.M., 2003, Javorella Ćurčić, S. B. Brajković, Ćurčić, B.P.M. & Mitić, 2003 and Curcicia Ćurčić, S. B. & Brajković, 2003 are regarded as junior synonyms of the genus Duvalius Delarouzée.

Description of a new Species ofArboridia(Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) from China

ABSTRACT A new species of leafhopper, Arboridia sinensis sp. nov., belonging to the subgenus Arboridia Zachvatkin, 1946 s. str. and closely related to Arboridia (Arboridia) gaurii Thapa, 1989, A. cerna Dworakowska, 1977, and A. soror Dworakowska, 1977, is described from Yunnan, China. It differs from A. gaurii in the body coloration and aedeagus shape, and from A. cerna and A. soror also in the shape of its pygofer process. In Yunnan, China the new species lives on Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maximowicz (Rutaceae).

Aedeagal Divergence in Sympatric Populations of Two Sibling Species of Cactophilic Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Evidence of Character Displacement?

Aedeagal morphology of two sibling cactophilic species, Drosophila buzzatii Patterson & Wheeler and Drosophila koepferae Fontdevila & Wasserman, was analyzed in nine allopatric and three sympatric locations throughout South America. Morphological differences were detected for both aedeagus size and shape between sympatric and allopatric populations of D. buzzatii, despite the significant variability within both groups. Populations of D. buzzatii sympatric with D. koepferae displayed smaller aedeagus than the allopatric ones as well as more differentiated aedeagus shape. The shape differences were non-allometric and mainly consisted in a change of curvature of the dorsal margin of the aedeagus being more pronounced in males from populations sympatric with D. koepferae. It is concluded that aedeagal morphology presented some degree of character displacement in both size and shape in populations of D. buzzatii in sympatry with D. koepferae. These results might suggest the existence of mechanisms of interspecific recognition and hybridization prevention between these species that include the morphology of the male genitalia.

Evolution of reproductive morphology among recently diverged taxa in the Drosophila mojavensis species cluster.

The morphological evolution of sexual traits informs studies of speciation due to the potential role of these characters in reproductive isolation. In the current study, we quantified and compared genitalic variation within the Drosophila mojavensis species cluster to infer the mode of evolution of the male aedeagus. This system is ideal for such studies due to the opportunity to test and compare levels of variation along a divergence continuum at various taxonomic levels within the group. Shape variation was quantified using elliptic Fourier descriptors and compared among the four D. mojavensis host races, and between D. mojavensis and its sister species Drosophila arizonae. Aedeagus shape was diagnostic for D. arizonae, and among three of the four D. mojavensis subspecies. In each of these cases, there was less variation within subspecies than among subspecies, which is consistent with the pattern predicted if genitalia are evolving according to a punctuated change model, and are involved with mate recognition. However, aedeagus shape in Drosophila mojavensis sonorensis was highly variable and broadly overlapping with the other three subspecies, suggesting aedeagus evolution in this subspecies is more complex and subject to additional evolutionary factors. These results are interpreted and discussed in the context of selection on mate recognition systems and the potential for failed copulation.