Advantageous Tender Research Articles

Javna nabava inženjerskih konzultantskih usluga

The process of public procurement of services and goods and the assignment of construction and/or execution of works in the Republic of Croatia is permanently accompanied by complaints from both public contracting authorities and economic operators. Contracting authorities understand the result of the public procurement process by coercion, and bidders too often challenge the result of public procurement by appeals through which they seek the protection of their rights, which, according to them, are violated in the public procurement process. Occasionally, voices from both positions can be heard saying that the application of the Public Procurement Act produces results that generate further misunderstandings about the assessment of the quality of the existing Act. Particularly drastic indicators are expressed by the processes of public procurement of engineering consulting services, where the application of the principle of the most economically advantageous tender is distorted to the point of absurdity, which, as a result, directly or indirectly, causes societal damage. This paper explores and analyses current legislation, confronts the provisions of individual laws that create the space for performing engineering consulting services, and analyses the practice of public procurement on illustrative examples. Proposals for possible improvement of both the legislation and the behaviour of public procurement participants in everyday practice are also presented.

TRANSFORMATION OF THE DEFENSE PROCUREMENT SYSTEM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE NEEDS OF THE STATE OF MARTIAL

The article is devoted to the study of the basic institutional and methodological foundations of the functioning of the defense procurement system during the period of the legal regime of martial law. An analysis of the changes in the regulatory and legal support for defense procurement, which took place during the time of Ukraine's independence, was carried out.
 The algorithm of defense procurement during the period of martial law is schematically depicted and systematized by groups of its main participants - state customers. At the same time, their position within the boundaries of defense, security, information and economic components in the field of defense procurement is substantiated.
 The parameters of the implementation of the procedure for the implementation of the applicable types of defense procurement are summarized, the specifics of the implementation of individual stages of the defense procurement process are specified. It was found that in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, three actions of defense procurement are used: closed procurement, bidding with limited participation and simplified bidding with the use of an electronic procurement system.
 The evaluation of the most economically advantageous tender offer is automatically most often carried out by the electronic procurement system and is based on taking into account individual criteria (price, life cycle cost, etc.) and the evaluation methodology specified by the customer in the tender documentation. As a rule, the most economically advantageous offer is considered to be either the only one submitted or the one whose price / quoted price will be the lowest.
 The authors identified problematic issues of defense procurement, which made it possible to substantiate a number of important characteristic features of the transformed national system of defense procurement, appropriate for implementation in the conditions of the formation of an increased level of national security risk. Under such conditions, the transformed system of defense procurement should have the following characteristics: quality of provision, completeness of provision, structural organization, competitive orientation, redistribution efficiency, quality management, investment attractiveness, innovative development, international integration, competitiveness, priority integration, synergy of system, adaptability, interoperability. This will make it possible to increase the level of efficiency of the defense procurement system under the conditions of implementation of anti-corruption measures and activation of digital transformation processes.
 Therefore, reforming the defense procurement system is a complex and long-term process that requires the participation of all interested parties. An important step in this direction, among others, is the improvement of procedures for monitoring the execution of state defense procurements.

Problemy orzecznicze Krajowej Izby Odwoławczej

The article is of a scientific and research nature and presents concisely the problems related with the case law of the National Appeals Chamber (Pol. Krajowa Izba Odwoławcza ). On 5 December 2007, the National Appeals Chamber was established, also referred to as the Chamber, which replaced Arbitrator Teams in hearing the appeals. Each year, the Chamber issues a total of 2,500 to 3,000 judgments, which are essentially the fundamental pillar of the functioning of the public procurement system. The adjudication difficulties that have arisen over the years and remain valid are: vagueness of the legal regulations, lack of transitional provisions, frequent law amendments, unusual speed of proceedings and, above all, marginal instance review of the decisions of the Chamber. However, judicial uniformity has been achieved on several important issues, thanks to resolutions passed by the Supreme Court. It was concluded that the determination of the gross price in the tender, taking into account the incorrect rate of tax on goods and services, constitutes an error in the calculation of the price if there are no statutory conditions for a mistake The ground for an appeal against the choice of the most advantageous tender may also include failure to exclude an economic operator who has submitted a tender chosen by the contracting entity or failure to reject a tender that is subject to rejection. The Supreme Court ruled that if a tender is submitted by a consortium, the correctness of the bid bond in the form of an insurance guarantee would be determined by the content of the guarantee. Uniformity of case law may be ensured by the appointment of a single court having jurisdiction in public procurement matters at second instance. It would also be helpful to organise specialist training at the highest substantive level.

Choosing the most economically advantageous tender using a multi-criteria decision analysis approach

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose and test a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach based on an additive value function (AVF) to select the most economically advantageous tender under European Union public procurement regulations.Design/methodology/approachA case study in which the AVF tender evaluation model is constructed by the procurement personnel and the results of the original, real-life public procurement evaluation model are compared to those discovered by the MCDA approach.FindingsThe AVF model captures the preferences of the procurement authority in a more reliable and transparent manner than commonly used evaluation models based on scoring formulas.Practical implicationsWhile commonly used in public procurement, relative scoring formulas can neither present the preferences of a procurement unit accurately nor do they enable bidders to draft bids according to these preferences. The proposed MCDA approach can achieve both.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is threefold. First, the successful construction of the AVF model with procurement personnel is introduced. Second, the model is used in an actual, real-life case. Third, a thoughtful comparison of features, structures and results of the AVF model and the evaluation model using scoring formulas is presented.

DETERMINANTS OF SME ACCESS TO PUBLIC PROCUREMENT: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES

This article aims to investigate the factors influencing the success of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in public procurement in the Visegrad Group Countries. According to the European Union, tools such as the division of contracts into smaller lots or the evaluation of tenders based on the most economically advantageous tender (MEAT) increase the chances of SME’s winning contracts in public procurement. In particular, the evaluation of tenders based on MEAT rather than the lowest price is a tool favoring SMEs, as it boosts their innovative potential, which creates the preconditions for achieving the best value for taxpayers' money. By analyzing more than 150,000 contract award notices published in the Tenders Electronic Daily in 2019, we found a positive effect on SMEs' chances of winning a contract when using framework agreements or dividing contracts into smaller lots. Moreover, the results of multinomial logit regression suggest that the evaluation of tenders based on MEAT rather than lowest prices increases the chances of SMEs to win the contract by more than 50%. However, the findings that the share of SMEs in the total financial value of contracts is less than 20%, with SMEs winning more than 60% of all contracts, suggest that some obstacles of SMEs' access to public contracts, such as financial, administrative or technical complexity of projects may persist and require further research.

Information Modelling Management and Green Public Procurement for Waste Management and Environmental Renovation of Brownfields

Information Modelling and Management (IMM) methods for Most Economically Advantageous Tender (MEAT) can promote the adoption of environmentally sustainable practices. Despite the wide regulatory framework and existing drivers, Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) trends are still growing. The literature review analyzed IMM and CDW management implementation during design phases although few studies focused on Green Public Procurement (GPP) and CDW management integration from the Public Client’s point of view. This research aims at investigating the integration and efficiency of MEAT and IMM to promote the application of sustainable strategies focused on waste reduction and resource valorization. The study investigates the Public Client’s role in promoting sustainable practices, introducing digital material inventory and BIM during the design phases, and including environmental award criteria in the call for tender documents. A Design Build (DB) procurement model was considered in the case study of a brownfield renovation and the construction of a new school in northern Italy. The methodology provided the Public Client and included a method to evaluate the environmental impact of the bids, allowing for proper selective demolition planning, CDW decrease, and organization while promoting their integration in companies’ expertise and procedures. The replicability of the methodology is demonstrated by positive results of present and previous case studies.

Інституційно-правова модель публічних закупівель продуктів дистанційного зондування Землі в Україні

The article explores the mechanism of public procurement in the sphere of providing the remote sensing services to public entities. Authors emphasize on the benefits of the centralized procurement of remotely sensed data that will lead to cost savings of state funds through the avoidance of duplicate purchases. Authors give special consideration to the difference in products obtained within the Earth observation (EO) process, the purchase of which can be carried out according to different procedures, as well as the duality of the status of the National Center for the Management and Testing of Space Facilities (NCMTSF) as a supplier and intermediary in public procurement legal relations. It is determined that NCMTSF as a centralized procurement organization will collect requests from contracting authorities (public consumers) for remote sensing services, analyze them for the possibility of satisfying it with products from the existing own fund or the need to purchase remote sensing data. It is argued that in case of impossibility to provide relevant services from the available resources of the remote sensing fund, but economic feasibility of purchasing raw remote sensing data, considering the consolidated application of public consumers, NCMTSF will act as a centralized procurement organization. It is emphasized that, unlike other centralized procurement organizations, the procurement contract with the winner of the procurement will be concluded by NCMTSF. NCMTSF will provide free of charge public authorities, enterprises, institutions, and organizations with raw data information products which were purchased at the expense of state budget according to their requests. It is suggested that in case of impossibility and economic inefficiency of providing data processing services, NCMTSF as a centralized procurement organization organizes procurement in the interests of public consumers. The procurement contract is concluded between the public consumer and the winner of the procurement. That is, in this case, the NCMTSF performs an intermediary function of procurement organization, which can professionally qualify the participants and determine the most economically advantageous tender. In addition, several procedures have been discovered that will unify suppliers’ offers according to contracting authorities’ technical requirements and optimize budget spending, that was based on an analysis of domestic legislation on public procurement and models for the procurement of remote sensing products in space states such as the USA, Australia and India. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the implementation of multi-use supplier list as prequalification system for potential economic operators of remote sensing services.

A Multi-Criteria Decision Support Concept for Selecting the Optimal Contractor

A way to minimize uncertainty and achieve the best possible project performance in construction project management can be achieved during the procurement process, which involves selecting an optimal contractor according to “the most economically advantageous tender.” As resources are limited, decision-makers are often pulled apart by conflicting demands coming from various stakeholders. The challenge of addressing them at the same time can be modelled as a multi-criteria decision-making problem. The aim of this paper is to show that the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) together with PROMETHEE could cope with such a problem. As a result of their synergy, a decision support concept for selecting the optimal contractor (DSC-CONT) is proposed that: (a) allows the incorporation of opposing stakeholders’ demands; (b) increases the transparency of decision-making and the consistency of the decision-making process; (c) enhances the legitimacy of the final outcome; and (d) is a scientific approach with great potential for application to similar decision-making problems where sustainable decisions are needed.

Digital Transition and Waste Management in Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations Industry

The research aims at analyzing the integration of Waste Management (WM) strategies and Information management in the construction procurement process. The application of Building information modelling (BIM) methodologies for a Most Economically Advantageous Tender could address the digital transition in order to adopt environmentally sustainable practices. Despite the wide regulation regarding waste minimization, an overview of which is provided, AECO is still one of the most polluting industrialized sector. Drivers and barriers to the method, and a literature review are provided: BIM approaches to enable WM practices have been analyzed from the designer and constructor’s point of view, but few studies investigated the role of the Client, in particular the Public Client. The goal of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of Most Economically Advantageous Tender and a BIM methodology to promote WM strategies during the tender phase. Design Build (DB) and Design Bid Build (DBB) procurement models are tested through three case studies of Italian schools' calls for proposals: the BIM model enabled to verify the bids in terms of WM strategies implementation. Blockchain and Smart contract future applications are also investigated in order to ensure transparency of the whole process. The Public Client could trigger a change in the construction sector regarding the integration of WM practices, as a central and active actor of the construction process, through the application of Green Public Procurement and BIM methodologies.

Sustainable Public Procurement in Central European Countries. Can It Also Bring Savings?

The efficiency of public resource use and its strategic framework with respect to sustainable public procurement policies, such as the most economically advantageous tender (hereafter MEAT), has become an important topic nowadays. Therefore, the study examines the determinants of savings creation within MEAT in Central European countries. It uses a dataset published in the Tenders Electronic Daily database in 2017–2018 about contract award notices and carries out a generalized linear model to study the determinants of savings creation within MEAT. The findings suggest that when services are procured within MEAT, the savings are considerably higher than compared to works. If the framework agreement takes place in a procurement process, the savings are significantly smaller. In cases where the subject of procurement is not co-financed by EU funds, the savings are higher than in the case that they are. If an open type of procurement is used, the savings are seemingly smaller than in cases where a non-open type of procurement takes place. When the contract is awarded to a single supplier, the savings are higher than otherwise. A higher number of total offers, as well as a higher number of offers from small and medium-sized enterprises, induce higher savings. It can be concluded that the use of sustainable public procurement subtly reduces the creation of savings.

Multi-Criteria Decision Making of Contractor Selection in Mass Rapid Transit Station Development Using Bayesian Fuzzy Prospect Model

In Taiwan, the most advantageous tender in governmental procurement is the selection of a general contractor based on a score or ranking evaluated by a committee. Due to personal, subjective preferences, the contractor selection of committee members may be different, causing cognitive difference between the results of the members’ selection and the preliminary opinions provided by the working group. Integrated, multi-criteria decision making techniques, combined with preference relation, Bayesian, fuzzy utility, and prospect theories are used to assess factors weighing up the duration/cost/quality, probability of external information, and utility function system. The paper proposes a Bayesian fuzzy prospect model for group decision making, based on probability and utility multiplied relation, and taking the sustainable development factors into consideration. This study aims to provide committees with an objective model to select the best contractor for public construction projects. The results of this study can avoid the lowest bidder being selected; besides, the score gap of contractor selection can be increased, and the difference between the top three contractors’ scores can be decreased as well. In addition to proposing an innovative decision-making system of contractor selection and an index weight-assessing system for sustainable development, this model will be widely applied and sustainably updated for other cases.

ICF Evaluation Methodology of the Most Economically Advantageous Tender

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the ICF evaluation methodology of the most economically advantageous tender suitable for multiple award criteria evaluation. The ICF methodology is based on the assumption that it is not possible to lower the price of a subject of public contract constantly without affecting its quality. The ICF methodology is based on the inverse cotangent function (ICF) — so called after the mathematical function used to evaluate and score the prices offered in the procurement process. Methodology/Approach: The ICF evaluation methodology was developed by the authors and is a copyrighted work. Research limitations: The ICF methodology was not yet tested in practice. Social Implications: This paper and implementation of the ICF methodology can improve processes scoring and evaluation of tenders in public and private sector sourcing. Originality/Value: The value of the paper is the original approach of the ICF methodology as a tool to address the nowadays top three challenges in scoring and evaluation of tenders: first, predominant practice of the price as the sole award criterion; second, evaluating and rewarding the quality; third, complexity of the evaluation models which hinders their use, but could be resolved by using intelligent e-procurement platforms.

Ekologiczne zamówienia publiczne na tle zasady równego traktowania i uczciwej konkurencji

Artykuł przedstawia zagadnienie ekologicznych zamówień publicznych z perspektywy zasady równego traktowania i uczciwej konkurencji wykonawców uczestniczących w postępowaniu o udzielenie zamówienia publicznego. Proekologiczna instrumentalizacja zamówień publicznych powinna bowiem następować w zgodzie z podstawową funkcją systemu publicznych wydatków, jaką jest zapewnienie jak najszerszego dostępu do krajowych rynków dla wykonawców z całej Unii Europejskiej. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja wybranych przejawów uwzględniania aspektów środowiskowych w postępowaniu o udzielenie zamówienia publicznego oraz ich ocena z punktu widzenia postulatu zapewnienia efektywności publicznych wydatków. W tym kontekście fundamentalne znaczenie ma zasada równego traktowania i uczciwej konkurencji, która stanowi bezwzględną wytyczną wobec działań zamawiającego w każdym z prowadzonych postępowań zamówieniowych. Nowoczesne zamówienia publiczne powinny być realizowane w zgodzie z określonymi standardami środowiskowymi. Należy jednak podkreślić, że efektywność zamówień publicznych jest bezpośrednio związana z zasadą równego traktowania i uczciwej konkurencji. Wyłącznie bowiem w warunkach presji konkurencyjnej, oferty składane przez wykonawców wykazywać będą najlepszy stosunek jakości do ceny, a tym samym zamawiający będzie miał możliwość wyboru oferty obiektywnie najkorzystniejszej na danym rynku towarów czy usług.

A group-AHP-based approach for selecting the best public tender

This paper focuses on the selection of the best tender in a public procurement process. This process involves different steps: the design of the tender process, the choice of tender selection methods, and scoring rules for evaluating tenders—the ex post control. Due to the interconnections between the rules on public contracts and those aimed to tackle corruption, the choice of tender selection methods and scoring rules for evaluating tenders assumes a crucial importance. The criterion usually used to select the best tender is the most economic advantageous tender (MEAT) based on the evaluation of technical requirements, on the one hand, and economic offer, on the other hand. First, this paper highlights some critical issues on the weighted sum method and some analytical formulas, commonly used to calculate the MEAT. Then, in order to apply a unique procedure and limit some risks of corruption and collusive agreements, it proposes to implement a unified group-AHP approach: In particular, a group-AHP model is applied for analyzing the qualitative component and another AHP model is used for the quantitative component.

Competitive bidding in asymmetric multidimensional public procurement

In a multidimensional procurement auction, such as a most economically advantageous tender, asymmetric opponents, with different cost structure and predetermined quality, compete for the highest score, which combines price and quality. Production inefficiency characterizes each tenderer. We derive the equilibrium equations and boundary conditions, for which closed-form solutions are not available. We compare the bidding behavior of any pair of rival tenderers and demonstrate that equilibrium prices critically depend on the comparison of the cost difference Δc with respect to the increment of score attribute s. For the same production inefficiency, a tenderer with a relatively higher Δc compared to s, stands in weak competitive position and is forced to bid more aggressively. We show how the opposing advantage of each bidder with respect to cost or score attribute induces the extent of competition. Under a different perspective, we analyze bidding by a pair of tenderers for a given maximum score, achieved when pricing is at cost. Our analysis reveals that the player with consistently higher percentage change of the probability of being more efficient than the rival, is in a disadvantageous position and receives lower score in the awarding process. Our results are useful for tenderers in assessing their competitive position. The findings enable contracting authorities to evaluate competition at the preliminary stage of design and to examine the effects of the awarding criterion on pricing.

Multicriteria approach to select the most economically advantageous tender

Purpose This paper aims to show how the proposed approach (two analytic hierarchy process [AHP] models) may allow dealing with the best tender selection process in an organic and simple way and ensure the consistency check of the judgements, the necessary step for having reliable results. At first, this paper highlights some critical issues regarding the weighted sum model (WSM) and the algorithms frequently used to evaluate the most economic advantageous tender. Then, it proposes to extend the AHP approach to the evaluation of both the qualitative and quantitative components of a public procurement award. Finally, the WSM and the AHP are applied to the same case study to show, step by step, some criticisms of the former and some advantages of the latter. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes to apply two AHP models to evaluate both qualitative and quantitative components of a public tender. The quality and cost models allow to identify and select the tender associated with the highest quality/cost ratio. Findings The assessment of the WSM and the AHP models, and some differences between them, build upon their application as an example of public procurement. A case study is used as a teaching device (Yin, 2003) to highlight why the AHP may provide different results. In particular, an important issue concerning the evaluation of qualitative requirements is explored: the consistency of judgements expressed by the committee members. Social implications This approach provides analytical tools for public management that allow appropriate implementation of their management function and allow a realisation of the strategic objectives of European Union law and Italian legislation on public procurement. It would help managers to prioritise their goals and criteria and evaluate them in a scientific way. The model integrates multiple qualitative and quantitative criteria, simplifies the selection process, achieves optimal use of funds and leads to cost savings. It allows to reduce the discretional power of both the contracting issuer, in the choice of the formula to adopt for calculating the coefficients, and the committee members, allowing tender evaluation to have more trust and ensure the fairness of public procurement matters and quality of the object purchased. Originality/value This paper proposes the use of two hierarchical models to evaluate qualitative and quantitative requirements and provide the ranking among several tenders.

The Process of the Tender Evaluation in Public Procurement for Implementation of Design Documentation

The implementation of the project at the highest level influences the process of implementation and cooperation of participants in the construction process. The article describes the proceedings for the preparation of design documentation. Particular attention was paid to tender evaluation criteria in public procurement. The article also presents the results of research conducted on 100 procedures for the implementation of design documentation initiated in 2018 for three types of construction objects: buildings, sewage treatment plants and road. The aim of this research was to check what kind of criteria were used when selecting the most advantageous tender for the execution of design documentation. Contracting authorities are mostly using more than one criterion to evaluate tenders. The most frequent non-price criterion used is the experience of designers.

Competitive Dialogue – experiences with the award criteria

The Competitive Dialogue (CD) is a procurement procedure that was introduced in Norway in 2007. The procedure enables the client to have a dialogue phase with pre-qualified contractors before awarding the contract. When the dialogue phase is over, the client evaluates the tenders based on pre-defined and project-specific most economically advantageous tender (MEAT) award criteria. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience from the use of the award criteria in a project that has used the CD procedure. In addition to an initial literature study and a document study, 14 in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out. This research investigates the infrastructure project E6 Helgeland South with NPRA as a client. The case study indicates that the client finds it demanding to determine suitable award criteria at an early stage. There are uncertainties regarding the weighting of the award criteria and the evaluation process. Both the client and the contractor request more focus on the award criteria at an early phase of the project to align them with the project goal and purpose. This study helps to better understand the influence of the award criteria in the CD procedure.

Problems of public procurement in comparison with european experience

In this article were investigated actual problems of public procurement system of Ukraine. According to this we prepared several proposals how to improve national legislation, particular, they concern procedure of electronic auction, qualification of suppliers, ensuring the selection of the most economically advantageous tender, preventing the corruption. Also we analyzed experience of the EU in the legal resolution of these problems and trends how to stimulate the development of national economy by using public procurement.InUkrainethe most widespread point of view is that the main objective of legal policy in the field of public procurement – active anticorruption measures. However, this goal should be the development of competition, which will provide the most cost-effective acceptance of proposals. Thus, public procurement around the world is one of the most important regulators of the economy, which activates development of national production.The new legislation on public procurement, which introduced electronic auctions does not solve most of the problems that arise in the process of public tendering, including: all suppliers admit to auction and this approach distorts competition; subjects of procurement can be divided for tendering concealment; electronic trades do not provide procurement at the lowest price; trades can be canceled on contrived grounds, because winners belong to the «right» party; inadequate preparation for tenders of customers and participants (discrepancy of product specifications etc.); high risks of personal data disclosure; unjustifiably broad application evaluation criteria of price proposals; customers often abuse the freedom of suppliers qualification.Among the hazards in public procurement besides corruption can be mentioned lobbying (legal advocacy of suppliers by representatives of the customer) and reducing the usefulness of public goods (products purchase only on the basis of prices). For example, in Kenya a large number of state contracts are concluded with enterprises controlled by influential politicians or public officials. Tenders are often controlled by informal cartels, that is why new entrants can not win. This indicates that Ukraine needs to significantly expand the range of «related persons» in national legislation, which participation in tenders have prohibited.Ukraine's legislation on public procurement does not solve problems, not only to stimulate economic development, but does not ensure elimination of corruption factors and competition protection.Given this, we should pay attention to the provisions of Directive 2014/24/EU establishing more effective approaches to the legal regulation of public procurement, than Ukrainian laws. In order to eliminate these drawbacks it is advisable to adopt experience of legal regulation of public procurement in the EU, namely: the evaluation of bids pass after their qualifying examination; if state (municipal) enterprise satisfy procurement needs, public tenders will not be announced; the tendency to unite demand from customers (occasional joint centralized procurement) to achieve economies of scale; customers have considerable discretion in regulating the terms of tender procedures; the most economically advantageous offer should be based on not only the price but the best value for money (non-price criteria directly include costs for product life cycle, quality, technical advantages, aesthetic and functional characteristics, accessibility for all users, social, environmental and innovative characteristics; qualifications and experience of staff, who execute the contract, if it affects the level of performance of the contract; maintenance in service and technical assistance, delivery terms; costs during operation); - democratic rules of technical specifications preparation; innovation recognized the purpose of public procurement; legislation include special measures which stimulate enterprises to implement environmental and other standards, encouraging the participation of small and medium enterprises in tenders and businesses of disabled and other socially disadvantaged groups.In our opinion, it would be appropriate to adopt the list of products (with the division into categories), for which exist a permanent market. For the acquisition of them customers are entitled (or required) to use a mixed system of evaluation. Also it would be better to expand the range of «connected persons», who can not participate in tenders.

A MULTICRITERIA DESCRIPTION OF RULES FOR PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

<p>At an announced tender of a contracting party, in the processes of public procurement of goods or services, a method of decision-making follows after interested bidders submit bids. Such method of choice is characteristic for all business systems with majority share of state capital. Methods of decision-making come down to selecting the best bids, because mistakes in the selection should be excluded. However, in practice, the problems of a wrong choice are manifested in dissatisfaction of the bidders. The problem then causes a delay in the procurement process, and often the retrial. In order to prevent this from happening authors of this paper suggest a somewhat different methodologies in selecting the most advantageous tender to the contracting authorities. The proposed method will be the case of the of Parking service (PC) from Belgrade (service of overhaul of the devices) will show a possible way of selecting the best alternative bids, taking into account previously adopted criteria.</p><p> </p>