Advanced Research Activities Research Articles

Онтология направляемого развития научных способностей молодѐжи. Часть 2: общая схема

The formation of a holistic ontology of developmental activities of gifted youth aged between 14 and 23, called “advanced educational and research activities,” which began in the first part of the article [1], is continued. This form of independent activity of a motivated schoolchild or student is aimed at satisfying his cognitive, intellectual and other needs and developing creative potential, is associated with the consistent solution of research problems, and is supported by a specially organized developmental scientific and educational environment, which involves a periodic unified assessment of the developmental effect and the scientific significance of the results obtained. In addition to the article's first part [1], the ontology of the development of a young researcher's personality characteristics, which include research activity, erudition, range of interests and socialization in the scientific community, is described. For the first time, on a quantitative basis using the author's mathematical model, the possibilities of taking into account the connection between research functionality and the research motivation of a young researcher when planning the developmental structure of research work are analyzed. The blocks of erudition, range of interests and socialization of a multifaceted system of criteria for assessing personal qualities are proposed. The general scheme of the guided development of a young researcher within the framework of his educational and research activities is described on the basis of such concepts as: multifaceted systems of criteria for assessing research work and the personal characteristics of a young researcher, a mathematical model for optimizing the developmental structure of research work, a mathematical model for the formation of optimal options for personal development, a consulting system of guiding support for individual development, etc. The introduced concepts are combined in the form of a graphic diagram of the ontology of guided development of scientific abilities of young people.

Introduction and Development Direction of the National R&D Data Management System – Focusing on the “Data Management Plan(DMP)” System –

Various research data generated in the process of conducting R&D projects has been used not only as a means of verifying the rationality, appropriateness, and ethics of research results for a long time, but also as an important research resource for advanced convergence research activities. A data management policy that efficiently produces and manages research data and allows relevant researchers to access and utilize it has emerged as an important issue. In particular, research data generated from various R&D projects supported by public funding such as national R&D is treated as a central object of public disclosure, access, sharing and utilization policies on research results, and related systems have been established and implemented at the national level. One of the important institutional means is the R&D Data Management Plan(DMP) for promoting public R&D projects. The R&D Data Management Plan refers to a comprehensive management plan for various research data collected, produced, managed, and utilized in various ways in relation to R&D tasks carried out by the researchers themselves. Data management plans are usually established and managed in relation to the implementation of public R&D projects conducted by the state, and are prepared and implemented according to certain legal grounds, and are promoted as part of R&D performance management or R&D information management policies. In this study, the institutional meaning and contents of the national R&D data management plan, which is regarded as the core institutional basis for the establishment of the national science and technology research data management and utilization system, is investigated, and the legal maintenance and operation status of major countries and Korean DMP systems. After examining the problems in legislative and legal interpretation of the current system, the improvement directions for the continuous operation and development of the national DMP system were reviewed.

RETRACTED: Human Muscle Measurement and Big Data Health Based on Wireless Sensors

Research in computer science and medical applications such as wireless sensor technology is considered one of the most important fields in improving life quality. The purpose of this article is to provide an image of current trends and future directions for the study of continuous injection monitoring of patient wear and human lane systems. The human muscles' size to assess by ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in 6 subjects throughout the body. In both proposed methods (preprocessing, feature extraction, classification), 11 axial scans were taken with the abdominal muscles, and the cross-sectional area of each scan muscle digitized. Muscle mass is calculated by processing the muscles into continuous cones. Explain the important role of this program as a big data human health analysis in wireless sensor, not only in providing high-quality care to people but also in reducing the living needs of the elderly independently from the nursing staff and helping patients with chronic illness. In introducing to propose a comprehensive survey based on the Sensitivity Enhancement based Classification Algorithm (SEBCA) proposed in the most advanced research activities in the country to address this gap and recommended wireless sensor for the large data system. Potential applications, networks and infrastructure technology challenges work together and are explained in terms of research areas and objectives.

The Use of Mobile Applications in Research

AbstractIn science and engineering, there are a range of easy‐to‐access software applications for smart phones, tablets, and laptop and desktop computers that greatly simplify basic and advanced laboratory research activities. The available software programs include numerous mobile and web‐friendly applications for electronic laboratory notebooks, project planning, solution calculations, and advanced scientific calculations and analysis, and even simple‐to‐use apps for your favorite scientific meetings. A typical collection of mobile‐friendly applications is discussed here in the context of preparing, performing, and presenting your research. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An Opportunity for Academic Research on Eurasia

With the Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR) accepted to the Elsevier-SCOPUS, this publication presents a fresh prospect for the advanced research activities related to the Eurasian continent. A current vibrant political situation in this part of the world, partially explain the “turbulences” taking place and affecting the economic development of countries representing the region. As of today, relatively little economic research has been performed on the dramatically changed situation in the region, and especially in the Central Asian area.

Special Issue on AI, Robotics, and Automation in Space

Many missions have been launched to explore the Moon, Mars, asteroids, and comets, and many researchers are studying and developing lunar and planetary rovers for unmanned planet exploration, and further cooperative missions targeting human lunar exploration are under discussion. A key technology in these missions and orbital services is space robotics, including Al and automation. Space robotics is expected to support external vehicular activities (EVA) and internal vehicular activities (IVA), which will include constructing, repairing, and maintaining orbiting satellites and space structures.This special issue presents the updated mission results and advanced research activities of space organizations, institutes, and universities, although it does not include all. We hope that this special issue will be useful to readers as an introduction to advanced space robotics in Japan, and that more robotics and Al researchers and engineers will become interested in space robotics and participate in space missions.We thank the authors for their fine contributions and the reviewers for their generous contributions of time and effort. In closing, we also thank the Editorial Board of the Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics for helping to make this issue possible.

Experimental validation of smart distribution grids: Development of a microgrid and electric mobility laboratory

Abstract The development of the Smart Grid concept is the pathway for assuring high reliability, control and management requirements in future electric power distribution systems. The Smart Grid can be defined as an electricity network supported by an intelligent infrastructure, both hardware and software, capable of accommodating high shares of Distributed Energy Resources. Within this line, a Smart Grid laboratorial infrastructure was developed, being dedicated to advanced research and demonstration activities. The adopted laboratorial architecture was developed according to the Microgrid concept, where Electric Vehicles are regarded as active and flexible players. Following the laboratory implementation, this paper provides a detailed description of its infrastructure and experimental capabilities, presenting and discussing different experimental set-ups and associated results.

From Medical Images to Computational Medicine

The international symposium From Medical Images to Computational Medicine was held in English on 24 June 2014 at the College de France. Set of medical images of the digital patient It highlighted some of the most advanced research activities in computational medical imaging and the computational modelling of organs, to further understanding of human anatomy and physiology. Ten internationally renowned researchers participated in it, alongside its organizer and Annual Chair of Informatics and...

Genomic Selection: Status in Different Species and Challenges for Breeding

Technical advances and development in the market for genomic tools have facilitated access to whole-genome data across species. Building-up on the acquired knowledge of the genome sequences, large-scale genotyping has been optimized for broad use, so genotype information can be routinely used to predict genetic merit. Genomic selection (GS) refers to the use of aggregates of estimated marker effects as predictors which allow improved individual differentiation at young age. Realizable benefits of GS are influenced by several factors and vary in quantity and quality between species. General characteristics and challenges of GS in implementation and routine application are described, followed by an overview over the current status of its use, prospects and challenges in important animal species. Genetic gain for a particular trait can be enhanced by shortening of the generation interval, increased selection accuracy and increased selection intensity, with species- and breed-specific relevance of the determinants. Reliable predictions based on genetic marker effects require assembly of a reference for linking of phenotype and genotype data to allow estimation and regular re-estimation. Experiences from dairy breeding have shown that international collaboration can set the course for fast and successful implementation of innovative selection tools, so genomics may significantly impact the structures of future breeding and breeding programmes. Traits of great and increasing importance, which were difficult to improve in the conventional systems, could be emphasized, if continuous availability of high-quality phenotype data can be assured. Equally elaborate strategies for genotyping and phenotyping will allow tailored approaches to balance efficient animal production, sustainability, animal health and welfare in future.

Geospatial Service Web: towards integrated cyberinfrastructure for GIScience

A geospatial cyberinfrastructure is needed to support advanced GIScience research and education activities. However, the heterogeneous and distributed nature of geospatial resources creates enormous obstacles for building a unified and interoperable geospatial cyberinfrastructure. In this paper, we propose the Geospatial Service Web (GSW) to underpin the development of a future geospatial cyberinfrastructure. The GSW excels over the traditional spatial data infrastructure by providing a highly intelligent geospatial middleware to integrate various geospatial resources through the Internet based on interoperable Web service technologies. The development of the GSW focuses on the establishment of a platform where data, information, and knowledge can be shared and exchanged in an interoperable manner. Theoretically, we describe the conceptual framework and research challenges for GSW, and then introduce our recent research toward building a GSW. A research agenda for building a GSW is also presented in the paper.

The Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy at the Max Planck Institute for Metals Research

The Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy at the Max Planck Institute for Metals Research was founded in 2005, focusing a long tradition of transmission electron microscopy research within the former department for internal boundaries, headed by Prof. Dr. Manfred Rühle, into a modern central scientific facility. The Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy pursues advanced research activities aiming at the atomic-scale characterization of novel materials by making use of the latest technological and instrumental innovations in transmission electron microscopy, such as monochromators and energy filters. New electron microscopy techniques are developed and applied in order to experimentally reveal the local structural, physical, and chemical properties at high spatial resolution, with a special focus on the atomic and electronic structure properties within and between metals, ceramics, and bio-materials, as well as the role of interface-controlled, at the nanometer-scale confined materials.

Nanotechnology in Advanced Research Activities [The Editor's Desk

This issue starts with an introductory article on TryNano.org, which is a new Web site created by the IEEE for the benefit of the general public, including students, parents, and teachers interested in nanotechnology. The portal provides a vast array of materials related to nanotechnology that helps visitors to explore materials and applications. I have found the Web site to be informative and interesting, and I urge you to visit the site at http://www.trynano.org/ and give it a look. The other two feature articles in this issue are examples of work presented at the <formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex>3^{\rm rd}</tex></formula> IEEE International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (IEEE-NANOMED 2009). We included these articles in this issue for the purpose of illustrating how nanotechnology is critical in advanced research activities related to the study of infectious disease and the development of novel sensors to sense signals from bioentities. Tung et al. first discuss the measurement of ac impedance spectrum of chicken-infectious laryngotracheities using an atomic force microscope. Then, Scarpa et al. present their work on developing biocompatible organic semiconductive polymers, which are to be used to build organic thin-film transistors that could operate as biosensors in electrolytes.

High-Tech Activities, System Innovativeness and Geographical Concentration

Within the field of the geography of knowledge and technological innovation, specific attention has been paid to the phenomenon of the spatial concentration of high-tech activities and to the factors that influence the growth of new industrial areas. Within this research stream, the present work is focused on areas characterized by high levels of specialization in high-tech, and more specifically on the concept of technological districts. Technological districts (TDs) are considered to be territorial systems specialized in high-tech activities and characterized by the presence of innovative resources, such as qualified human capital, advanced research activities, the capacity to generate innovation and new technologies, and an entrepreneurial culture. Beyond discussing theoretical concepts, a methodology is proposed for the analysis and identification of TDs through the definition of a taxonomy of local systems with different levels of concentration of high-tech activities and innovative resources. The methodology has been applied to Italy and allows the identification of the most advanced technological areas, which present the basic characteristics of TDs. This methodology is also important because it can be used to compare different geographical contexts and to discuss and evaluate different possibilities in the field of innovation development policies.

The Ecological Problems and Possible Solutions of Beekeeping in Hills and Terai of Chitwan, Nepal

A general survey accomplished in hills and terai of Chitwan, Nepal in 2004 with an objective to investigate the ecological problems of bee keeping in chitwan and to recommend solutions for its improvement. The survey identifies predators, parasites, diseases, pesticide poisoning, and bee pasture as the key ecological problems in the Hills. Simultaneously, deforestation and pesticide poisoning are the concerned ecological problems in Terai. A very high majority of beekeepers in hills and more than half in Terai faced colony absconding problem in Chitwan. The general survey realized on the need of a special package of program to over come these problems, which include advanced apicultural research and educational activities for the commercialization of beekeeping and advance level crop pollination management in Nepal. For this a clear-cut beekeeping policy and guideline should be developed andshould be implemented. Key words: ecological, absconding, colony status, productivity, species specificThe Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:9, Jun.2008 Page: 23-33

Enhancement of the Advanced R^|^amp;D Cooperation Between Automakers and Suppliers in the Japanese Automobile Industry

Many studies have shown that Japanese automakers and their respective suppliers cooperate closely even in product development processes. However, most of these studies merely analyzed individual product development projects and discussed factors affecting it, such as development lead times, development man-hours, and product quality, thereby failing to cover cooperation between them in the advanced research and development processes. This paper is designed to analyze the latter aspect as quantitatively as possible. This paper concludes that cooperation between Japanese automakers and their respective suppliers has been expanding into the development of advanced technologies, and suppliers that have the capability to participate in such advanced research and development activities have had closer relations with automakers than others.

Current status of cetaceans and other marine mammals in the North Pacific, with a review of advanced research activities on cetacean biology in Japan

A total of 21 papers were presented to the Session 34 titled “Current status of cetaceans and other marine mammals in the North Pacific and other accessory seas”. A total of 23 cetacean species occurred mainly in the western North Pacific and other accessory seas was assessed their population status. Reliable abundance estimates for some of baleen whales, such as common minke whales (Okhotsk-west Pacific stock) and Bryde's whales (western stock) which are in relatively good population status, are available based line transect methodology endorsed by the Scientific Committee of IWC. On the other hand, it was very concerned that western gray whales are in critically endangered status. It was noted that population of Steller sea lions have been depleted but magnitude of depletion are different by area. Current research activities on cetaceans and other marine mammals in Asian waters were reviewed with inviting reports from China, Korea, Thailand and USA. Topics of cetacean researches in other oceans; North Atlantic and Antarctic were also comparatively reviewed, it was noted that Norway has incorporated multi specific management system for cetacean harvest and Japanese research take provides long-term monitoring Antarctic ecosystem. Some of ongoing advanced research projects in Japan were also reviewed.

Action collective et régimes technologiques dans les phases d'émergence : le cas du consortium PNGV

Malerba and Orsenigo's evolutionary approach focuses upon the characteristics of technological regimes. The latter determines the viability of the various strategies to be implemented by potential innovators. In this article, we intend to study the feed-backs of industry-wide collective strategies on the characteristics of technological regimes. Based on the case of advanced battery research activities conducted within the PNGV, we analyze the extent to which this research consortium has affected the underlying « advanced battery technological regime ». We show that during the stage of emergence, characterized by strong technological uncertainties and a weak institutionalization of R&amp;D activities, PNGV provided an early local space of coordination. Although research consortia do not guarantee success, they enable the partners/competitors to control, to a certain extent, the conditions of opportunity, appropriability and cumulativity.

Preface

Although rubber science and technology is approximately two centuries old, the greatest growth in the industry occurred in the 20th century, through a strong association with the pneumatic tire and the automotive industry. In 2000, overall rubber consumption was around 18 million tons, with natural rubber accounting for some 7250 ktons.* In Europe the rubber industry is very important, with a production of more than 3.2 million tons per year—around 61% for tire manufacturing and the rest for so-called industrial rubber goods.† About a quarter million persons are employed by manufacturers of tires and rubber goods. Such important industrial activity is supported by research and development activities, not only in companies but also in a number of university research laboratories, as reflected by the steady flow of publications dealing with rubber science and technology. The International Seminars on Elastomers have resulted from the initiative of individuals, most of them belonging to institutions or universities, and are becoming quite a tradition. The first seminar was organized in 1977 by Prof. M. Morton, at the time Director of the Institute of Polymer Science at the University of Akron, and Prof. N. Yamakzaki. Since that time, several seminars have been organized in various places—the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Thailand—by a number of scientists engaged in rubber research (see Table I). Papers from the 3rd, 4th, and 5th seminars were published in the Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Applied Polymer Symposia, Vol. 44 (1989), Vol. 50 (1992), and Vol. 53 (1994), respectively. A detailed historical account of those seminars was provided by Dr. K. Suchiva, Prof. J. L. White, and Prof. Y. Tanaka in the preface to a special issue of the Journal of Applied Polymer Science (Vol. 78, No. 8, 2000) including contributions selected from the 7th International Seminar on Elastomers, held in Bangkok, Thailand, in December 1998. Following the success of the 7th seminar, it was decided that the next seminar would be held, for the first time, in Europe. A team of university professors and their collaborators agreed to organize the event in France. The city of Le Mans was considered an obvious site for the seminar, as significant quantities of tire tread are worn there every year in a well-known Grand Prix. Prof. J. C. Brosse of the Université du Maine, Le Mans, Prof. J. Schultz of the Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, and Prof. J. L. Leblanc of the Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, set up a scientific committee in order to select a few topics considered major ones with respect either to current research and development activities or to contemporary industrial concerns. The topics chosen were rubber technology, rubber chemistry, surfaces and interfaces, and rubber rheology. A call for papers was issued, and submitted proposals were selected not only with respect to their scientific quality but also with the view of providing those in attendance at the seminar with the widest exposure to current problems and ongoing progress in the science and engineering of elastomers. All topics were introduced by a guest lecturer. The seminar was a great success, with an attendance of over 160, including an important delegation from Thailand—recognition of the long collaboration between France and Thailand in educating young people in rubber science and in performing common research projects, most of them dealing with natural rubber. After the seminar, the scientific committee selected a series papers either as representative of current concerns or with respect to the quality and originality of the results presented. Selected authors were asked to write elaborated versions of their contributions. The editorial board of the Journal of Applied Polymer Science agreed to consider the collection of papers for publication, providing the usual peer-review process was applied. The present special issue therefore offers an up-to-date view of the most advanced research activities in rubber science, in accordance with the quality standards of the journal. On behalf of the organizing and scientific committee, Prof. Jean L. Leblanc Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris, France

Advanced composite structures research in Australia

The Cooperative Research Centre for Advanced Composite Structures (CRC-ACS) was established in 1991 to provide an Australian focus for the development of advanced technologies that will foster growth of an efficient and globally competitive Australian composites industry. This is achieved by the conduct of research and development programs on the design, manufacture, test and supportability of advanced composite structures. International alliances have been established with organisations in Europe, USA, Japan and New Zealand to complement the network of Australian organisations working together in support of these objectives. The paper gives an overview of the development of simulation and design methodologies and manufacturing processes that form part of the advanced composites research activities undertaken within the CRC-ACS aimed at enhancing the potential for advanced composites structures applications.

Special Issue on Advanced Space Robotics

Toward the turn of the century, several missions to explore deep space such as the moon, Mars, asteroids, and comets are being planned for scientific observation. Recently, many researchers have studied and developed lunar or planetary rovers for unmanned planet surface exploration. Microrover missions have received much attention. In July 1997, NASA/JPL succeeded in the Mars Pathfinder mission and the Sojourner rover moved over the Martian surface gathering and transmitting voluminous amounts of data back to the Earth. NASA plans to send robots to Mars in 2003 and 2005 Missions. In Japan, the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) launched the Nozomi, a Mars's orbiter. ISAS plans to send Lunar-A spacecraft with penetrators to the moon and is also promoting the MUSES-C mission for asteroid sample return. ISAS and the National Space Development Agency (NASDA) are cooperatively promoting the SELENE mission, whose major objectives are to acquire scientific data on lunar origin and evolution, and to develop technology for future lunar exploration. NASDA launched the ETS-VII satellite in 1997 for rendezvous docking and orbital robotics experiments. The International Space Station (ISS) is under construction by international cooperation. We will shortly start robotics activities onboard the Japanese Experimental Module (JEM) named KIBOU for the ISS. Space robotics including Al is a key technology for planetary exploration. Space robotics is expected to support space activities, such as external vehicular activities (EVA) and internal vehicular activities (IVA) for future space utilization. Future space projects will require space robotics technology to construct, repair and maintain satellites and space structures in orbit. This special issue on advanced space robotics introduces updated mission results and advanced research activities of space organizations, institutes, and universities, although it does not include all. We hope that this special issue will be useful to readers as an introduction to advanced space robotics in Japan, and that more robotics and Al researchers and engineers will become interested in space robotics and participate in space missions. We thank those researchers who have contributed their advanced research activities to this special issue, and deeply appreciate their earnest efforts.