Advanced Materials Processing Research Articles

Novel heat exploration investigation for bioconvected Oldroyd-B nanofluid with variable thermal conductivity and Arrhenius energy induced by nailed boundary

Oldroyd-B nanofluids have potential applications in enhanced heat transfer systems, drug delivery, and advanced material processing due to their unique rheological properties. Bioconvection finds applications in biomedical research, environmental monitoring, and optimizing fluid dynamics in biotechnological and pharmaceutical processes. Due to these applications current study investigates bioconvection in the flow of Oldroyd-B nanofluid subjected to Joule heating with convected boundaries. For uniqueness of problem the effects of variable thermal connectivity and activation energy are taken into account. In addation the influence of heat source and thermal radiation are part of current model. The governing PDEs of mathematical model incorporates the Oldroyd-B rheological framework to capture the viscoelastic nature of the fluid are transformed into ODEs via similarity solution. Matlab platform via shooting algorithm is involved to solve transformed system. Through numerical simulations the stimulus of involving parameters on velocity f ′(η) temperature θ(η), concentration ϕ(η), and microbes profile X(η) are displayed in graphical and tabulated form. For strength of problem the streamlines and graphs of physical quantities are also designed. It is noted that velocity curve decreased for increasing value of magnetics parameter and opposite trend is noted in velocity distribution for increasing value of mixed convection parameter λ . Moreover, thermal layer θ is diminished for growing value of Pr , a reverse relation is noted in concentration profile for value of activation energy.

Hybrid laser-ECM processing of advanced materials in neutral electrolyte without aggressive reagents: Machining performance, removal characteristics and sustainability aspects

The growing need for more energy efficient systems has led to advent of hard and corrosion resistant materials which are difficult to machine with both conventional and non-conventional machining techniques. Although ECM offers athermal and force-free dissolution, the workpiece surface integrity in multicomponent materials is limited with ECM due to several multi-physical phenomena occurring on the surface like selective phase dissolution, passivation, pitting, particle breakout, etc. To tackle these challenges, aggressive acidic and basic reagents are added to the electrolytes. Although these reagents improve the machining performance, they are not sustainable for the environment and human life as they generate harmful waste which is difficult to dispose and recycle. Furthermore, the handling of these aggressive electrolytes requires specialized coatings, resins, filters, catalysts, etc. to protect the machine tools and equipment from damage.Hybrid laser-ECM (LECM) is a relatively novel drill-mill processing technique to process these advanced materials while using neutral electrolytes, thereby potentially reducing the negative impact of using acidic/basic reagents in electrolytes. Under controlled conditions and proper laser alignment, LECM can simultaneously apply laser and EC process energies in the same machining zone to provide synergistic benefits manifesting in terms of dominance of kinetics and thermodynamics over pure electrodynamics in ECM. This provides multi-fold benefits in improving passivation weakening and homogenize multiphase dissolution. Therefore, this study investigates for the first time the machining performance, removal behaviour, reaction products and power/resource consumption of LECM in neutral electrolyte in comparison to ECM in various neutral and basic electrolytes. The NbC–Ni cermet was used as the workpiece material, which is a cobalt-free alternative to conventional WC-Co. The results revealed that LECM in neutral NaNO3 compared to ECM with NaOH addition not only provided better Sa (2.02 μm, 24% ↓), M.R.R. (153 μg/s, 31% ↑), aspect ratio (0.048, 14% ↑) and similar passivation weakening capability while maintaining a nearly neutral pH (8) of the reaction products, but also reduced electrolyte usage by 23.6% with a 16.4% increase in power consumption. These aspects make LECM a sustainable and cost-effective candidate for processing modern passivating multiphase materials like newer cermets, super alloys, high entropy alloys, etc. with nearly same performance as achieved by using ECM with acidic/basic electrolytes. Further fundamental and applied research is needed in LECM to meet the industrial specifications.

Development of Titanium Production in Ukraine: Evolving Prospects Based on National R&D

Introduction. The development of Ukraine’s resource potential in the field of mining and advanced processing of titanium raw materials is one of the important components of countering military threats and the national economy recovering based on new technologies.Problem Statement. The realities of wartime reinforce the importance of domestic resource involvement to resumption of the titanium products complete production cycle in Ukraine, which can facilitate integration into global value chains.Purpose. To determine the directions of titanium production development in Ukraine based on the available resource and production potential, foreign and domestic R&D.Materials and Methods. The authors have used data of statistical observations of the State Statistics Service in Ukraine, the U.S. State Geological Survey, the World Intellectual Property Organization; methods of systematic approach, economic and statistical, calculation and design, graph analytical methods, statistical comparisons and grouping, systematic and comparative analysis.Results. The possibilities of realizing resource, production, and R&D potential for deep processing of titanium metal in Ukraine have been substantiated. The directions of the Ukrainian titanium industry development have been offered. The construction of new and/or modernization of production facilities for processing Ukrainian titanium raw materials based on domestic scientific developments has been substantiated.Conclusions. Ukraine has a strategic potential to create a full cycle of titanium products production. Providing favorable conditions for attracting investment and access to capital and financial and economic instruments facilitates technological modernization. This, in turn, will help open “a window of opportunities” for Ukraine for manufacturing titanium products with high added value for the needs of the military industrial complex and other high-tech industries.

Analysis of the performance of financial and economic activities of national oil and gas enterprises (on the example of Uzbekneftegaz JSC)

Currently, in the Republic of Uzbekistan, unlike the economies of a number of border countries, such as Tajikistan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the oil and gas industry, which includes enterprises engaged in the production of hydrocarbons, their processing at various levels, supply and sale to consumers, is one of the leading sectors of the country’s economy. To support the oil and gas industry in organizing the extraction and production of goods with high added value, it is necessary to create long trade and production chains for advanced processing of raw materials, the formation of large production associations that make it possible to benefit from economies of scale in production. In this article, the contribution of the oil and gas complex industry to the country's economy, the areas of activity are considered on the example of the joint-stock company «Uzbekneftgaz», which is the leader in the field. The position of society in the market and the existing risks in financial and economic activity are considered on the basis of SWOT analysis. We conducted a small analysis of the current situation in the oil and gas market, assessed the activities of one of the leading national companies in the region and the indicators of its development. In our opinion, this analysis allows us to see the development and improvement of companies from a development point of view. Keywords: environmental; SWOT analysis; liquidity; investments; net profit; expenses; rating agencies; hydrocarbon reserves.

Ultrasonic vibration cutting of advanced aerospace materials: a critical review of in-service functional performance

PurposeUnconventional machining processes, particularly ultrasonic vibration cutting (UVC), can overcome such technical bottlenecks. However, the precise mechanism through which UVC affects the in-service functional performance of advanced aerospace materials remains obscure. This limits their industrial application and requires a deeper understanding.Design/methodology/approachThe surface integrity and in-service functional performance of advanced aerospace materials are important guarantees for safety and stability in the aerospace industry. For advanced aerospace materials, which are difficult-to-machine, conventional machining processes cannot meet the requirements of high in-service functional performance owing to rapid tool wear, low processing efficiency and high cutting forces and temperatures in the cutting area during machining.FindingsTo address this literature gap, this study is focused on the quantitative evaluation of the in-service functional performance (fatigue performance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance) of advanced aerospace materials. First, the characteristics and usage background of advanced aerospace materials are elaborated in detail. Second, the improved effect of UVC on in-service functional performance is summarized. We have also explored the unique advantages of UVC during the processing of advanced aerospace materials. Finally, in response to some of the limitations of UVC, future development directions are proposed, including improvements in ultrasound systems, upgrades in ultrasound processing objects and theoretical breakthroughs in in-service functional performance.Originality/valueThis study provides insights into the optimization of machining processes to improve the in-service functional performance of advanced aviation materials, particularly the use of UVC and its unique process advantages.

Prediction of Phase Composition and Process Resilience in Plasma‐Assisted Hetero‐Aggregate Synthesis using a Machine‐Learning Model with Multivariate Output

AbstractThe synthesis of nanoscale particles and particle aggregates from liquid or gaseous precursors is affected by a variety of trade‐off relations, for example, in terms of product composition, yield, or energy efficiency. Machine‐supported process evaluation and learning (ML) of these relations enables optimization strategies for advanced material processing. Such a workflow is demonstrated on the example of plasma‐assisted aerosol deposition (PAAD) of alumina powders. Depending on processing conditions, these powders comprise of hetero‐aggregate mixtures of crystalline and amorphous polymorphs. Process optimization toward a specific target composition calls for ML approaches. For this, a sufficiently large and consistent dataset of PAAD input (processing) and output (product) parameters is initially generated by real‐world processing, and subsequently extrapolated into a cloud of ≈106 input‐output parameter matrices using Gaussian process regression with multivariate output and input‐output feature analysis. It is subsequently demonstrated how not only the phase composition of the obtained alumina powders, but also product resilience to variations in specific processing parameters, or – as a perspective – the energy efficiency of material processing can be predicted.

Graphene and nanocomposites—Imprints on environmentally sustainable production and applications based on ecological aspects

Graphene, an innovative nanocarbon, has been discovered as a significant technological material. Increasing utilization of graphene has moved research towards the development of sustainable green techniques to synthesize graphene and related nanomaterials. This review article is basically designed to highlight the significant sustainability aspects of graphene. Consequently, the sustainability vision is presented for graphene and graphene nanocomposites. Environmentally sustainable production of graphene and ensuing nanomaterials has been studied. The formation of graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and other derivatives has been synthesized using ecological carbon and green sources, green solvents, non-toxic reagents, and green routes. Furthermore, the utilization of graphene for the conversion of industrial polymers to sustainable recycled polymers has been studied. In addition, the recycled polymers have also been used to form graphene as a sustainable method. The implication of graphene in the sustainable energy systems has been investigated. Specifically, high specific capacitance and capacitance retention were observed for graphene-based supercapacitor systems. Subsequently, graphene may act as a multi-functional, high performance, green nanomaterial with low weight, low price, and environmental friendliness for sustainable engineering and green energy storage applications. However, existing challenges regarding advanced material design, processing, recyclability, and commercial scale production need to be overcome to unveil the true sustainability aspects of graphene in the environmental and energy sectors.

Mixed-mode-state control of photonic-crystal lasers under CW operation

Mixed-mode-state control of lasers under continuous-wave (CW) operation, where multi-physics interactions among carriers, photons, and heat are involved, is important for realizing desired lasing characteristics, as well as for dynamic control of lasers. In this paper, we demonstrate mixed-mode-state control of a photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL) under CW operation by manipulating its current injection distribution. To control the current injection distribution, we introduce a multiple-electrode matrix into the p-side of the PCSEL, and we bond the PCSEL to a heatsink in the p-side-down-configuration to dissipate heat while also enabling current injection via each p-side electrode. Furthermore, we employ a convolutional neural network (CNN) to correlate the current distributions and the far-field patterns (FFPs) corresponding to the mode states, and to predict the current distributions necessary to obtain targeted FFPs. FFPs resembling the targeted ones with high fidelity (90%) are obtained by using the constructed CNN. These results lead to the realization of next-generation smart CW lasers capable of mixed-mode-state control even in a dynamic environment, which are essential for applications such as advanced material processing and even aerospace.

Processing of Advanced Materials for Next-Generation Electronics and Photonics - A Review

Advanced materials play a crucial role in the development of next-generation electronics and photonics due to their unique physical and chemical properties. This review highlights recent advances in the processing of advanced materials, including two-dimensional materials, organic semiconductors, and perovskites, for their integration into electronic and photonic devices. Specifically, we discuss the methods of material synthesis, characterization, and device fabrication, as well as their applications in transistors, photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and sensors. We also address the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of advanced materials for the future of electronics and photonics.

Accelerating Exotic Materials Use with Custom Coating Systems

Abstract Custom equipment designed for the deposition of exotic materials allows advanced coating solutions and ceramic matrix composites to be utilized for applications in automotive, aerospace, defense, energy, and the farthest reaches of space. This article describes custom systems for chemical vapor deposition and advanced materials processing.

Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Advanced Materials Processing: A review on opportunities and challenges

This research paper explores the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence in advanced materials processing. With the exponential growth of data, advanced analytical techniques and powerful computational tools, machine learning and artificial intelligence can be leveraged to develop novel materials with tailored properties, enhance process optimization, and improve manufacturing efficiencies. However, the integration of these technologies into materials processing systems is not without challenges, including data acquisition and pre-processing, algorithm selection and optimization, and the interpretation of results. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in machine learning and artificial intelligence for advanced materials processing, highlighting case studies and examples of successful applications, and identifying potential future research directions. The goal of this research is to provide insights and recommendations to accelerate the adoption of these technologies and their impact on the development of advanced materials.

Emerging Applications of Advanced Materials Processing in Healthcare and Biotechnology

Modern material processing methods are revolutionizing the biomedical and health care sectors while offering previously unexplored possibilities for the development of cutting-edge biomaterials. The development of materials with distinctive optical, mechanical, and biological characteristics can be made feasible by innovative techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) & sol-gel processing. These developments have a wide range of applications such as biological sensing technologies, drugs delivery systems, as well as tissue engineering. The present investigation examines the application of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and sol-gel techniques for producing biomaterials customized for certain biomedical applications. The development of nanomaterials, such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles, biologically active glass nanoparticles, and graphene-based coatings, will be discussed in particular. These materials were chosen for their adaptability and demonstrate promise in a number of medical domains, including the advancement of diagnostic imaging techniques, medication delivery systems, and wound healing processes.

Exploring the Future of Advanced Materials Processing: Innovations and Challenges Ahead: A Review

This research paper investigates the future of advanced materials processing, with a focus on the innovations and challenges that lie ahead. The study begins by exploring the current state of advanced materials processing and the latest trends in the field, including the use of advanced manufacturing technologies, such as additive manufacturing, to create complex geometries and novel materials. The paper then examines the challenges facing the field, including the need to develop new processing techniques that can handle a wider range of materials and produce materials with specific properties. The study also analyses the potential impact of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, on the future of materials processing. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of the key innovations and trends that are likely to shape the future of materials processing, including the use of sustainable materials, the development of new nanomaterials, and the integration of advanced sensors and data analytics into the manufacturing process. Overall, this research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the future of advanced materials processing and highlights the critical role that innovation will play in shaping the field in the coming years.

Graphene and nanocomposites—Imprints on environmentally sustainable production and applications based on ecological aspects

Graphene, an innovative nanocarbon, has been discovered as a significant technological material. Increasing utilization of graphene has moved research towards the development of sustainable green techniques to synthesize graphene and related nanomaterials. This review article is basically designed to highlight the significant sustainability aspects of graphene. Consequently, the sustainability vision is presented for graphene and graphene nanocomposites. Environmentally sustainable production of graphene and ensuing nanomaterials has been studied. The formation of graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, and other derivatives has been synthesized using ecological carbon and green sources, green solvents, non-toxic reagents, and green routes. Furthermore, the utilization of graphene for the conversion of industrial polymers to sustainable recycled polymers has been studied. In addition, the recycled polymers have also been used to form graphene as a sustainable method. The implication of graphene in the sustainable energy systems has been investigated. Specifically, high specific capacitance and capacitance retention were observed for graphene-based supercapacitor systems. Subsequently, graphene may act as a multi-functional, high performance, green nanomaterial with low weight, low price, and environmental friendliness for sustainable engineering and green energy storage applications. However, existing challenges regarding advanced material design, processing, recyclability, and commercial scale production need to be overcome to unveil the true sustainability aspects of graphene in the environmental and energy sectors.

Atomic-scale view of the photoinduced structural transition to form sp3-like bonded order phase in graphite

Photoexcitation of solids often induces structural phase transitions between different ordered phases, some of which are unprecedented and thermodynamically inaccessible. The phenomenon, known as photoinduced structural phase transition (PSPT), is of significant interest to the technological progress of advanced materials processing and the fundamental understanding of material physics. Here, we applied scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) to directly characterise the primary processes of the PSPT in graphite to form a sp3-like carbon nano-phase called diaphite. The primary challenge was to provide microscopic views of the graphite-to-diaphite transition. On an atomic scale, STM imaging of the photoexcited surface revealed the nucleation and proliferation processes of the diaphite phase; these were governed by the formation of sp3-like interlayer bonds. The growth mode of the diaphite phase depends strongly on the photon energy of excitation laser light. Different dynamical pathways were proposed to explain the formation of a sp3-like interlayer bonding. Potential mechanisms for photon-energy-dependent growth were examined based on the experimental and calculated results. The present results provide insight towards realising optical control of sp2-to-sp3 conversions and the organisation of nanoscale structures in graphene-related materials.

FUNCTIONAL FEATURES AND TYPOLOGY OF URBAN TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF THE TERNOPIL REGION

The problems of the development of territorial communities have become particularly relevant at the current stage. Important features of development are the coherence of economic, social and ecological vectors, taking into account the potential of local resources, additional favorable factors: investment, logistics, infrastructure. Within territorial communities, an inventory of the resource base is carried out, investment passports are created, development strategies are developed, existing problems are analyzed and ways of solving them are substantiated. A complex range of tasks is solved at their levels, which requires a certain level of professional training of management personnel, the introduction of effective monitoring of development processes. The authors have published a series of articles devoted to the analysis of the potential of natural resources, problems of environmental development management, imbalanced land use, etc. Consideration of urban territorial communities (MTH) is due to their leading role as centers of development and regional poles of growth. The novelty of this study consists in the analysis of the main economic, social, ecological parameters and factors of perspective development and the typology of urban territorial communities of the Ternopil region.
 The authors have published a series of articles devoted to the analysis of the potential of natural resources, the problems of managing ecological development, the imbalance of land use in territorial communities of Ternopil Oblast. Consideration of urban territorial communities (UTC) is due to their leading role as centers of development and regional poles of growth. The novelty of this study consists in the analysis of the main economic, social, ecological parameters and factors of perspective development and the typology of urban territorial communities of the Ternopil region.
 The basic indicators of the development of 18 UTC s were collected and analyzed. Thus, indicators of high population density are observed in Ternopil and Chortkivska UTC with a high share of the urban population and insignificant indicators of occupied areas. Indicators of the availability of agricultural land are also the lowest in the above-mentioned UTC s (58% and 60%, respectively). The lowest share of arable land is represented in the Ternopil (38.2%), Berezhan (40%) and Monastyris (42.5%) and Shum (42%) UTC s, the location of the last three being limited to substantially forested mountainous areas. The highest shares of land under forests are concentrated in Berezhanska (33%), Shumska (32%) and Kopychynetska (27.3%) UTC. The opposite indicators are observed in Khorostkivska (1.5%), Lanovetska (5.0%) UTC.
 With regard to indicators of economic development of communities, an analysis of the financial capacity of territorial communities was carried out using such parameters as revenues from the general fund of the budget, the level of subsidization of the TG budget, the share of the community's income due to inter-budgetary transfers. Based on the results of their comparison, four types of urban communities were distinguished according to their functional features and role in development processes: - self-sufficient UTC as a center of regional growth (Ternopil); self-sufficient UTC as regional poles of growth (Chortkivska, Kremenetska, Berezhanska); capable UTC as areas of potential development (Zbarazka, Zborivska, Pidgaetska, Skalatska, Terebovlyanska); conditionally capable UTC as territories of unbalanced development (Borshchivska, Buchachska, Zalischytska, Kopychynetska, Lanovetska, Monastyriska, Pochaivska, Khorostkivska, Shumska). It is emphasized that half of the UTCs (9 out of 18) belong to the conditionally capable category, which implies the substantiation of the system of measures to achieve their coordinated development. Factors of the potential development of UTC were considered, including: natural (due to the optimization of the structure of natural lands, increasing the share of protected objects and territories), social (due to the prospect of creating regional landscape parks as objects of development of the tourist and recreational sphere), economic ( due to its proximity to various transport highways, development of logistics infrastructure, as well as in-depth processing of agricultural products (sugar, alcohol, flour, meat, leather, wool, vegetables and fruits) and forestry products (lumber, mushrooms, berries, nuts). attention to the investment passports of communities, which contribute to the potential opportunities for their participation in investment projects with the involvement of foreign, private and local capital. landscape and national natural parks, enterprises for advanced processing of raw materials and semi-finished products of agro-industrial and forestry complexes within the communities of unbalanced development. Taking into account the development factors specified in the publication, the justification of alternatives will contribute to the search for directions for the balance of natural and economic territorial systems.
 Key words: urban territorial communities, factors of development of UTC, typology of UTC.

Mathematical Modeling of Collisional Heat Generation and Convective Heat Transfer Problem for Single Spherical Body in Oscillating Boundaries

The application of high-energy ball milling in the field of advanced materials processing, such as mechanochemical alloying and ammonia synthesis, has been gaining increasing attention beyond its traditional use in material crushing. It is important to recognize the role of thermodynamics in high-energy processes, including heat generation from collisions, as well as ongoing investigations into grinding ball behavior. This study aims to develop a mathematical model for the numerical analysis of a spherical ball in a shaker mill, taking into account its dynamics, contact mechanics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer. The complexity of the problem for mathematical modeling is reduced by limiting the motion to one-dimensional translation and representing the vibration of the vial wall in a shaker mill as rigid boundaries that move in a linear fashion. A nonlinear viscoelastic contact model is employed to construct a heat generation model. An equation of internal energy evolution is derived that incorporates a velocity-dependent heat convection model. In coupled field modeling, equations of motion for high-energy impact phenomena are derived from energy-based Hamiltonian mechanics rather than vector-based Newtonian mechanics. The numerical integration of the governing equations is performed at the system level to analyze the general heating characteristics during collisions and the effect of various operational parameters, such as the oscillation frequency and amplitude of the vial. The results of the numerical analysis provide essential performance metrics, including steady-state temperature and time constant for the characteristics of temperature evolution for a high-energy shaker milling process with a computation accuracy of 0.1%. The novelty of this modeling study is that it is the first to obtain such a high accuracy numerical solution for the temperature evolution associated with a shaker mill process.

Advanced engineering materials and materials processing technologies in dental implant and prosthetic treatment with clinical cases

The article deals with materials science issues concerning the application areas in dental engineering. The monograph aims to present the results of the Author’s work against the background of general achievements, indicating the engineering aspects of dental implant-prosthetic treatment. They include clinical cases, most often concerning complete edentulism, with a detailed discussion of the methodology of the material, technological, and structural design of dental prosthetic restorations, especially the impact of additive manufacturing conditions and surface engineering technology on the mechanical properties and structure of prosthetic restorations.The monograph covering the engineering and technical activities of implant prosthetic treatment includes the Author's aspects concerning the development of the methodology of computer-aided design of dental prosthetic restorations and surgical guides ensuring their correct installation in the oral cavity of patients, along with virtual modelling of treatment plans, modelling of the load status of individual elements of implant-prosthetic systems, development of the methodology of computer-aided production of elements of the prosthetic restoration system as well as implants and implant-scaffolds with the use of milling technology in CNC centres and additive manufacturing by selective laser sintering, the results of research on the influence of additive manufacturing conditions on the structure and properties of titanium and its alloy Ti6Al4V and cobalt alloy Co25Cr5W5MoSi containing studies of biochemical properties for applications for implant-prosthetic purposes in dentistry, the results of tests on the influence of ALD atomic layer conditions on the structure and surface properties of metals and their alloys used in implant-prosthetic treatment in dentistry and the results of tests of prosthetic fillings used in the treatment of Tooth decay.The basis for all the described achievements of the monograph are the comprehensive results of research related to the study of the structure and properties of engineering materials, especially titanium and cobalt alloys used in dentistry, subjected to additive manufacturing using the Selective Laser Sintering SLS method and surface treatment using the Atomic Layer Deposition ALD method, as a domain of materials engineering, in the context of the Industry Integrated Idea 3xI 4 model. 0/5.0 and the 6xE 6 Expectation Principle, which there is a paradigm for materials science. What is important in the approach are the results of biological tests of materials produced in such a way, leading to numerous applications in the Author’s clinical practice in cooperation with dentists and the development of a general concept of a research, design, and production centre for prosthetic restorations and virtual acquisition of diagnostic data from cooperating dental clinics.The article is a monographic study referring to numerous of the Author’s publications, patents, and presentations at scientific conferences and invention fairs, in which very extensive source information is provided concerning both a very large number of literature items and extensive factual material, including the results of materiallographic studies and descriptions of clinical cases, although this study also presents numerous aspects not yet published in any previous works.The study presents, among others, detailed prosthetic and implant-prosthetic solutions implemented by the Author of the study and successfully used by patients. Although the study is formally qualified in the engineering and technical sciences in materials engineering, it has strong links with biomedical engineering and the applied area of interventional dentistry.Numerous original publications, patent solutions, completed projects, and awards at the International Innovation Fair discussed in the monograph, as well as clinical experience related to the treatment of thousands of dental patients in our Author’s clinic, confirm the originality of the approach and indicate the innovative nature of the achievements presented in the article so far. Many years of experience have led to the launch of a constantly developed production centre for prosthetic restorations and a virtual structure for obtaining diagnostic data from cooperating dental clinics. The article addresses scientists dealing with materials engineering applied in interventional dentistry and dental engineers in practice dealing with this issue.

Investigations on the water-jet guided laser scribing of thermal barrier coated IC21 nickel-based superalloy

Ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely recognized as state-of-the-art for ensuring the stability and reliability of turbine blades operating in extreme conditions. However, the significant disparities between the thermal and mechanical properties of TBCs, bonding layers (BCs), and nickel-based superalloy substrates pose considerable challenges for machining film cooling structures on turbine blades while minimizing coating delamination, heat-affected zones (HAZs), and other potential defects. The utilization of Water-Jet Guided Laser (WJGL) has gained significant attention as a promising approach for the machining of advanced materials, including ceramics and multi-layer composites. In this study, a theoretical model is proposed to describe the transient interaction between WJGL and TBC IC21 nickel-based superalloy. A numerical simulation using the deformation geometry method is employed to investigate the evolution of ablation morphology, which is further validated by experimental data. Specifically, the formation mechanism of the shoulder structure at the material interface is explained. Furthermore, orthogonal experiments are conducted to establish the fundamental influence rule and significance level of machining parameters on the microscopic groove morphology. Based on these findings, multi-row cutting experiments are performed to identify the optimized scanning trajectory for achieving the high-quality thorough cutting of the substrate with a thickness of 2.7 mm, while minimizing oxidation, residue deposition, and delamination. The outcomes of this study contribute to the knowledge of WJGL machining, and could potentially improve the efficiency and accuracy of advanced material processing techniques.

Untapped Potential of Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Synthesis of Bioinspired Inorganic-Organic Materials.

Since the discovery of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in 2003, significant progress has been made in the field, specifically advancing aspects of their preparation and physicochemical characterization. Their low-cost and unique tailored properties are reasons for their growing importance as a sustainable medium for the resource-efficient processing and synthesis of advanced materials. In this paper, the significance of these designer solvents and their beneficial features, in particular with respect to biomimetic materials chemistry, is discussed. Finally, this article explores the unrealized potential and advantageous aspects of DESs, focusing on the development of biomineralization-inspired hybrid materials. It is anticipated that this article can stimulate new concepts and advances providing a reference for breaking down the multidisciplinary borders in the field of bioinspired materials chemistry, especially at the nexus of computation and experiment, and to develop a rigorous materials-by-design paradigm.