Advanced Driver Information Systems Research Articles

An Advanced Driver Information System at Critical Points in the Multimodal Traffic Network

Enhancing traffic safety is one of the fundamental objectives of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), and it aligns closely with the principles of sustainable transport. Due to specific differences in infrastructure, vehicles, and users’ behavior, places where different modes of traffic intersect are recognized as critical points of the traffic system, making them crucial areas for the implementation of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs). The SUMPs aim to create urban mobility that is both environmentally friendly and safe for all users. The continuous development and widespread adoption of innovative ITS technologies have paved the way for a system that can provide drivers with real-time information about both immediate and potential dangers at these critical points. This paper presents a comprehensive review of prior research conducted in the field, investigating the impact of information systems on drivers’ behavior, various detection and communication solutions that can be effectively integrated into such a system, and a brief overview of the models and solutions that have been developed to warn drivers in a similar context. A review of the literature found that warning systems have a significant impact on driver behavior, which contributes to increased traffic safety. Furthermore, there are numerous solutions applicable to a multimodal environment. Yet, they mostly refer either to autonomous vehicles or require an additional unit of infrastructure for communication, which is not realistically applicable to the current state of traffic in most countries of the world. This paper proposes a system architecture framework for future research that would take advantage of widely available technologies and make the system accessible to different users in a multimodal environment.

Effects of advanced traffic signal status warning systems on vehicle emission reductions at signalized intersections

ABSTRACTSignalized intersections have been identified as vehicle emission hotspots, where drivers decelerate, idle, and accelerate their vehicles in response to signal changes. Advanced traffic signal status warning systems (ATSSWSs) can be applied to reduce traffic emissions at intersections by mitigating unnecessary braking and acceleration. In this study, two types of ATSSWSs, variable message sign (VMS) based and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) based, were designed, and their environmental effectiveness was evaluated through driving simulator-based experiments. Three scenarios were designed and tested: (1) baseline without an ATSSWS, (2) with the VMS-based ATSSWS, and (3) with the V2I-based ATSSWS. The Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator model was used to evaluate and compare the environmental effectiveness of these two types of ATSSWSs. The results indicate that the proposed ATSSWSs can reduce traffic emissions at signalized intersections. In particular, the V2I-based ATSSWS can substantially reduce CO2, NOx, CO, and HC emissions. The results will help transportation practitioners with implementing advanced driver information systems and decision making on emission reduction policies.Implications: Signalized intersection has been identified as one of hottest spots for vehicle emissions where signal control causes vehicles to frequently decelerate, idle, and accelerate. Advanced Traffic Signal Status Warning Systems (ATSSWS) can be applied to reduce traffic emission at intersections by decreasing vehicles’ unnecessary brakes and accelerations. The results of this study will assist transportation practitioners in implementing advanced driver information systems and making decisions on emission reduction policies.

Impact of In-Vehicle Displays Location Preferences on Drivers' Performance and Gaze

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and driver information systems (DIS) do not always comply with the intended driver safety enhancement. Even if they aim to augment the driver's awareness of the surrounding environment, perceiving this information requires the occasional attention diversion from the road, which could lead to a loss of vehicle control if the total eyes-off-road time exceeds the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recommendation for glances away from the roadway. Additionally, technologies that can be found in other mobile environments, smartphones, and tablets are increasingly being integrated into cars, providing a necessary facet of study and continued research in their effects. We addressed this question by analyzing differential preferences for the layout of DIS and ADAS compared with existing ones through a card-sorting experiment. To validate our data, we additionally studied the drivers' performance and gaze with the preferred locations for in-vehicle information through gaze location and speed metrics measurements. Our validation process showed that the time the drivers needed to find the conveyed information in the preferred layout was within the recommended time of the NHTSA Guidelines. Drivers' preferences with regard to the functional layout of current DIS and ADAS compared with existing ones did not essentially differ from the layouts that are currently on the market. However, including mobile applications and social media in a vehicular context was not considered necessary.

Advances of Human Factors Research for Future Vehicular Technology

Although automotive human factors research began after the World War II, vehicular technology has developed to adapt the vehicle to the human operator and the requirements of traffic since its inception, with the initial focus being on ease of operation of the steering wheel and brake pedal and methods to provide adequate road illumination at night. For many decades, human factors research mainly concerned making the primary driving tasks (controlling a vehicle and obeying signs and signals) easy to do, providing adequate space for the driver and passengers, mitigating crash injuries, and making secondary controls and displays inside the vehicle easy to use. With the introduction of advanced driver assistance systems and driver information systems in 1980s, there have been a marked increase in the number of studies of driver mental workload as well as more general, quantitative studies of driver behavior, both on real roads and in driving simulators to help design and evaluate those systems. That line of human factors research will continue as vehicle automation and driver information increases. Another line of research concerns driver distraction, with a special concern being the use of mobile devices such as cellular phones. The implementation of driver assistance and information systems has resulted in a shift in automotive human factors research. METHODS for the automotive human factors research have been mostly transferred from psychology and cognitive science, physiology, statistics, and various engineering disciplines. But, as vehicular technology continues to evolve, new methods and theories are needed to address those issues and the human aspects of the vehicular technology so vehicles will be safe, easy to use, and useful. Keywords: Driver distraction; Language: en

Human Factors in the Travtek Demonstration IVHS Project: Getting Information to the Driver

Advanced Driver Information Systems (ADIS) have the potential to assist drivers in choosing and reaching destinations by supplying information that is more complete and timely than is currently available. These rapidly developing information and communication technologies are also expected to bring about improvements in traffic network efficiency and safety. However, presenting new information to drivers raises a number of human factors concerns such as the potential for information overload and distraction from primary driving tasks. The challenge to driver/system interface designers is to maximize usability and learnability, minimize attentional demand and information density, and provide choices for individuals. The TravTek project is presented as an example of how human factors concerns can be addressed within the constraints of a particular ADIS system and of how human factors engineering and research can be integrated into the system design process.

RF data communications considerations in advanced driver information systems

Advanced Driver Information Systems (ADIS)P, a subset of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS), are considered. Some of the communications technologies that may be considered for IVHS/ADIS implementation are described, with an emphasis on wide-area RF data communications. The discussion covers communications between the infrastructure and the vehicle fleet, and not the connections between the roadside equipment and the traffic management center. The steps in designing an RF data system for IVHS/ADIS are reviewed, and design tradeoffs are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Advanced driver information systems

It is predicted that over the next 20 years, advanced driver information systems for North America will evolve through three stages: the information stage, the advisory stage, and the coordination stage. For each stage, the likely goals, vehicle equipment and infrastructure, expected benefits, research and development required, deployment issues, and obstacles and constraints are discussed. A series of operational field tests is defined for evaluating the systems at each stage. Standards are briefly discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

The Design of a Graphics-Based Traffic Information System Based on User Requirements

This paper reports the results of several studies designed to investigate commuter behavior and decision making with the goal of obtaining functional requirements for a user-based advanced driver information system (ADIS). To achieve this objective, the following tasks were performed: (1) a large sample survey was administered to 9, 652 motorists commuting to a downtown location, (2) an in-depth interview was conducted focusing on the individual motorist's commute, and (3) a questionnaire was administered to investigate the relationship between various forms of graphical traffic information on commuter behavior and decision making. The information obtained from the above studies is being used to design traffic information screens that form the focal part of an ADIS.

Driver information systems — A North American perspective

Driver information systems (DIS) are considered in North America as a major category of Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems (IVHS), which offers to improve the efficiency and safety of driving by means of an amalgamation of information technology with vehicle and highway technologies. Traditionally North America has basic strengths in a number of information technologies that are relevant to DIS. Due to a hiatus in federal funding in the early 1980s, DIS development in North America during the past decade has emphasized autonomous systems on the vehicles until recently. The current acceleration of IVHS development in the United States has resulted from a number of converging forces and has provided the impetus for developing advanced driver information systems (ADIS) that integrates the vehicle and the highway. Large-scale demonstration and implementation of ADIS will hinge on the major legislations in the near future, and on the successful development of public-private sector partnerships in IVHS.