Adsorbent For Removal Of Copper Research Articles

Copper (II) ions extraction by poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-mathacrylic acid) microgels for in situ reduction formation of copper nanoparticles to reduce pollutants

It is very important to eliminate organic dyes and most of the toxic transition metal ions from water because they are hazardous substances for livings. Many systems are reported to eliminate organic pollutants or transition metal ions solely from water. A new systematic way has been developed for effectively removal of both metal ions and organic pollutants (nitroarenes and toxic dyes). For this purpose, a spherical poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-methacrylic acid) P(NVC-MAAc) microgel system was developed by free radical precipitation polymerization (FRPP) method. The XRD, FTIR, SEM, DLS, and TEM techniques were used for characterization of P(NVC-MAAc) system and then used that system as an adsorbent for removal of copper (II) ions from water under a variety of conditions, including different P(NVC-MAAc) concentrations, pH, copper (II) ions contents, and agitation times. Various adsorption isotherms were applied to evaluate the best fitted adsorption isotherms for extraction of copper (II) ions with P(NVC-MAAc) microgel system. Furthermore, the kinetics of copper (II) ion adsorption on P(NVC-MAAc) were investigated using the pseudo-1st order (P1O), intra-particle diffusion model (InPDM), pseudo-2nd order (P2O), and Elovich model (EM). The loaded copper (II) ions in P(NVC-MAAc) microgel were then in-situ reduced to generate copper nanoparticles (NPs). The resulted [Cu-P(NVC-AAc)] hybrid microgels were used as catalyst to reduce toxic pollutants from water such as 4-nitrophenol (4NiP), 4-nitroaniline (4NiA), chromium (VI) ions (ChVI), rhodamine-B (RhB), methyl orange (MeO), and eyosin-Y (EyY). The values of apparent rate constant (kapp) for 4NiP, 4NiA, ChVI, RhB, MeO and EyY were found 0.725 min−1, 0.587 min−1, 0.097 min−1, 0.821 min−1, 0.860 min−1, and 0.833 min−1 respectively. As a result, a broad range of new organic transformations can be efficiently catalyzed by the Cu-P(NVC-MAAc) system.

Adsorptive Removal of Copper (Cu) in Sasirangan Liquid Waste by Utilization of Rice Husk as Activated Carbon

The business of sasirangan - the conventional texture of Banjar Tribe - has been one of the superb items of South Kalimantan. Sasirangan creation in the shading system utilizes many synthetic components containing weighty metals, and its waste possibly dirties the climate. One weighty metal squanders copper (Cu), poisonous to sea-going living beings and people. The treatment for sasirangan modern wastewater should be possible by an adsorption cycle that utilizations enacted carbon as an adsorbent. This study intends to decide the capacity of enacted carbon produced using rice husk to adsorb Cu from sasirangan fluid burn by dissecting the impact of contact time and adsorbent dose on the adsorption interaction. The bunch framework led the activity with substance and actual actuation. Synthetic initiation was finished by dousing the enacted carbon of rice husk with HCl answer for 24 hours. Simultaneously, actual enactment was done by consuming a heater at 500̊C for 2 hours. The adsorption treatment was given on sasirangan burn through examples with varieties in contact time (30, 60, and 120 minutes) and the adsorbent portion (2, 4, and 6 grams). The highest productivity of contained Cu decrease is 72.34% utilizing carbon with initiation. The ideal contact time expected in the adsorption cycle of weighty metal Cu in Sasirangan liquid waste is 120 minutes, with the ideal portion of 4 grams of actuated rice husk carbon adsorbent.

Adsorptive Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using pumice

This article presents the use of modified pumice as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for copper (II) removal from wastewater. The water pollution by toxic elements is a major concern for human health and environmental quality. New and cheaper methods of wastewater treatment are increasing the quality of the environment and reducing negative impacts on fauna, flora, and human beings. The sorption technique is considered a cost-effective method for effectively removing heavy metals. In recent years, there have been increasing studies dedicated to using low-cost adsorbents such as pumice. For the study, Kuchak pumice has been used. The modified pumice was prepared by surface modification with polysiloxane, evaluated by studying the effects of pH, contact time, dosage, and initial concentration, and was optimized in batch processing mode. The chemical changes in pumice were fully characterized using FT-IR techniques. Overall, these results suggest that surface-modified pumice is a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of copper (II).

Magnetic chitosan hydrogel beads as adsorbent for copper removal from aqueous solution

Magnetic chitosan hydrogel beads (MCHB) were synthesized by blending chitosan and magnetite (Fe3O4) in sodium alginate solution. The MCHB was used to remove Cu (II) metal ions in an aqueous solution. The performance of MCHB to remove Cu (II) ions was evaluated experimentally at different parameters (the initial pH of the solution, contact time, and various magnetite ratios of the hydrogel beads) in the batch adsorption set-up. This study indicated that MCHB managed to remove Cu (II) ions by adsorption at pH 5 at 24 h of contact time. The hydrogel beads of MCHB-0.5 (C:M:A ratio by weight of 1:0.5:2) show the highest Cu (II) ions removal efficiency of 56.51%. The addition of magnetite at the minimal ratio does not hinder the adsorption of Cu (II) ions onto MCHB. The magnetite in the beads also eases the separation of the hydrogel beads from the solution by an external magnet after treatment.

Adsorptive Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution using Acid and Thermally Activated Iron Oxide Sand

Heavy metal pollution of water bodies is a common problem in Zambia, whose economy depends on copper mining. Removal of Cu2+ ions from the solution via adsorption using iron oxide ore was investigated. The composition of the adsorbent was determined by XRF and ICP-OES. Iron oxide had predominantly Fe2O3 at 60 % with less than 3% of SiO2 and Al2O3. The Cu2+ ion concentrations were measured before and after adsorption using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The effects of initial concentration, pH, acid activation, and thermal activation of the adsorbent on adsorption were investigated. A decrease in the adsorption of Cu2+ ions with an increase in the initial concentration of adsorbate (Cu2+) was observed. The adsorption of Cu2+ ions on acid-activated Iron oxide compared to thermally activated iron oxide ranged from 83-73%, respectively. Adsorption of Cu2+ ions was pH dependent with an optimum pH of 7. Acid activation of the adsorbent had better absorptivity since acids cause mineral dissolution, which increases the surface area and porosity of the adsorbent. Iron Oxide adsorbents have the potential to the removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions. Keywords: Adsorption, Copper ions, Heavy metals, Iron oxide, Pollution.

Adsorptive Removal of Copper and Chromium Ion by Using Azospirillum Biofertilizer as Low-cost Biosorbent in Aqueous Medium

Adsorptive Removal of Copper and Chromium Ion by Using Azospirillum Biofertilizer as Low-cost Biosorbent in Aqueous Medium

The use of zeolite-based geopolymers as adsorbent for copper removal from aqueous media.

Copper has been proven to have hazardous effects on human beings depending on its concentration levels. Recently, there has been a growing interest in developing geopolymers using local industrial minerals and by-products. However, research on the adsorption of heavy metals by geopolymer based on mordenite-rich tuffs is still limited. The geopolymer adsorbents have been synthesized using natural Ecuadorian zeolite-rich tuffs containing quartz, mordenite calcite and amorphous content with 20.8%, 28.5%, 4.2% and 46.4%, respectively. The geopolymers showed a maximum compressive strength of 26.86 MPa for 28 d of curing time. In the present study, an Ecuadorian zeolite-based geopolymer's removal capacity on copper ions in aqueous solutions, varying concentration and contact time were tested. Kinetic models were developed using pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and the Elovich model. The adsorption data, using Cu2+ concentrations from 20 to 160 ppm, at 25°C were described by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Linear coefficient of determination (R2) results show that the Langmuir model fits the best. The attained adsorption capacity of 52.63 mg g−1 demonstrates the low-cost geopolymer's effectiveness for this study and its competitiveness compared with other studies. Adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo second-order kinetics model at the lower initial concentration of Cu2+.

Adsorptive Removal of Copper from Waste Water Using Biomass & Biochar Based Materials

Heavy metal contamination has been one of the primary environmental concerns for many years in most developing countries. As the industries continue to search for low-cost and efficient adsorbents to treat their effluents contaminated with these toxic metal ions, biomass-based adsorbents have gained much attention. This work exploits such ten different biomass-based adsorbents (namely, Karanja de-oiled cake, Neem de-oiled cake, Neem leaves, Moringa Leaves, Bagasse, Mango Kernel, Wheat Bran, Eucalyptus, Fly ash, and Corn cob) for adsorption of copper ions in particular. Further, selected adsorbents (namely Karanja de-oiled cake, Neem de-oiled cake, Bagasse, Wheat Bran and Mango Kernel) were taken to the next stage and modified to biochar and tested again for copper removal. Among the biomass-based adsorbents, the highest adsorption capacity was observed for Neem de-oiled cake (equal to 9.6 mg/g). While for biochar-based adsorbents, Bagasse showed the highest adsorption capacity for copper (equivalent to 13.0 mg/g).

Treatment of industrial wastewater containing copper and lead ions using new carboxymethyl chitosan-activated carbon derivatives

New carboxymethyl chitosan-activated carbon derivatives were synthesized and characterized using FTIR, XRD and SEM spectra. The prepared adsorbents were containing different ratios of activated carbon ranged between 5% and 20% relative to the carboxymethyl chitosan. The prepared adsorbents were evaluated as adsorbents for removal of copper and lead ions from industrial wastewater. The efficiency of the removal was increased by increasing the percentage of activated carbon in the adsorbent. The adsorption process of the two metals on the synthesized adsorbents was followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm with correlation coefficients R2 ranged from 0.999 to 1, and follows also the pseudo second order kinetic model. The highest adsorption efficiency was obtained in the alkaline medium using the higher activated carbon content in the adsorbent and was 95.8% for Pb2+ and 95.9% for Cu2+ after 6 h.

Effect of magnetic field on the removal of copper from aqueous solution using activated carbon derived from rice husk.

Adsorptive removal of copper by activated carbon derived from modified rice husk (ACRH) was studied in the presence and absence of magnetic field (MF). The ACRH was prepared from the normal rice husk treated by NaOH solution and subsequent pyrolysis at 450 °C in the absence of oxygen. The physicochemical properties of ACRH's were determined before and after the adsorption process to delineate the adsorption mechanism. The BET analysis confirmed that the fabricated ACRH has a specific surface area of 8.244 m2/g with a mesopore to micropore ratio of 0.974. It was observed that the micropore structure gradually replaced the mesopores, and the surface area of the micropore increased (from 0.9219 to 4.1764 m2/g), and the pore diameter was also decreased from 180.381 to 46.249 Å after pyrolysis. The CHNO/S test result reveals that the carbon content was increased from 42 to 67.8% in the ACRH after pyrolysis. The batch sorption studies were performed by varying the initial adsorbate concentration, temperature, agitation speed, pH, adsorbent dose and contact time for magnetic and non-magnetic conditions to analyze the effect of the magnetic field. The univariate studies show that the maximum experimental adsorption capacity was 4.522 mg/g and 3.855 mg/g, respectively, for these two conditions (representing the magnetic impact) at 25 °C with an adsorbent dose of 2 g/L and an agitation speed of 150 rpm. It was also observed that the removal efficiency was 94.55% and 77.96% (magnetic and non-magnetic condition) at pH 7 with a concentration of 10 mg/L in 2 h. The test result on the impact of exposure time on the magnetic field suggested that the magnetic memory influenced the removal efficiency; after 40 to 60 min, the maximum removal efficiency was achieved, around 80 to 90%. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was best fitted with the experimental data with a rate constant as 0.1749 and 0.1006 g/mg/min for these two conditions. The Temkin model delineates the adsorption isotherm suggesting the heat generated during the adsorption process is linearly abate with the coverage of the surface area of the adsorbent. The thermodynamic model confirms that the copper adsorption is spontaneous (ΔG = - 3.91 kJ/mol and - 6.02 kJ/mol), wherein the negative enthalpy value (ΔH = - 36.74 kJ/mol and - 25.74 kJ/mol) suggested that the process is exothermic irrespective of magnetic interference. The significant enhancement of copper removal was observed by incorporating the magnetic field, showing an increase in sorption capacity by 17.48% and a reduction of reaction time by 88.12%.

Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by Ecofriendly Routes: Adsorbent for Copper Removal From Wastewater.

Zinc Oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by two simple routes using Aloe vera (green synthesis, route I) or Cassava starch (gelatinization, route II). The XRD patterns and Raman spectra show that both synthesis routes lead to single-phase ZnO. XPS results indicate the presence of zinc atoms with oxidation state Zn2+. SEM images of the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using Cassava starch show the presence of pseudo-spherical nanoparticles and nanosheets, while just pseudo-spherical nanoparticles were observed when Aloe vera was used. The UV-Vis spectra showed a slight difference in the absorption edge of the ZnO particles obtained using Aloe vera (3.18 eV) and Cassava starch (3.24 eV). The ZnO nanoparticles were tested as adsorbents for the removal of copper in wastewater, it is shown that at low Cu2+ ion concentration (~40 mg/L) the nanoparticles synthesized by both routes have the same removal efficiency, however, increasing the absorbate concentration (> 80 mg/L) the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using Aloe vera have a higher removal efficiency. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles can be used as effective and environmental-friendly metal trace absorbers in wastewater.

Polydopamine-assisted grafting of chitosan on porous poly (L-lactic acid) electrospun membranes for adsorption of heavy metal ions

In this study, a versatile method for the manufacturing of chitosan-grafted porous poly (L-lactic acid) (P-PLLA) nanofibrous membrane by using polydopamine (PDA) as an intermediate layer has been developed. P-PLLA fibres were electrospun and collected as nano/micro fibrous membranes. Highly porous fibres could serve as a substrate for chitosan to adsorb heavy metal ions. Moreover, PDA was used to modify P-PLLA surface to increase the coating uniformity and stability of chitosan. Due to the very high surface area of P-PLLA membranes and abundant amine groups of both PDA and chitosan, the fabricated membranes were utilized as adsorbent for removal of copper (Cu2+) ions from the wastewater. The adsorption capability of Cu2+ ions was examined with respect to the PDA polymerization times, pH, initial metal ion concentration and time. Finally, the equilibrium adsorption data of chitosan-grafted membranes fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm with the maximum adsorption capacity of 270.27 mg/g.

Determination of Adsorption Capacity of Copper II Sulphate on Kaolin

Copper II sulphate is one of those contaminants that undermine the economic, environment and deleterious health effects on people. Kaolin sample from Illela local government of Sokoto state, Nigeria was used as adsorbent for removal of Copper II sulphate and to check for the effect of concentration. The collected kaolin sample was pretreated to remove debris, grinded and dried. The adsorption methods of the parameters onto the kaolin were investigated by maintaining constant amount of adsorbent, temperature and other factors except for concentration. The results from different concentrations shows that with increase in concentration of the copper solution, the more the kaolin adsorbed. From the findings, it was established that kaolin form Illela local government of Sokoto state, Nigeria can serve as an economic, safe and effective natural adsorbent for removal of copper II sulphate from wastewater.

Hydrolyzed olive cake as novel adsorbent for copper removal from fertilizer industry wastewater

Olive cake, a solid waste resulting of olive-oil industry, was recycled as an adsorbent material for the decontamination of real fertilizer industry wastewater. Particularly, adsorption behaviour of the system working with columns in series and the effect of flow rate on the removal of copper were studied. The material exhibited a good adsorption capacity. The best results were obtained by working with three columns, reaching an adsorption capacity at exhaustion time of 7.32 mg g−1. At lower flow rate, higher removal of copper was obtained. Different models were analyzed to fit breakthrough curves and determine characteristic parameters of the system. Among all mathematical models studied, Dose–Response model fitted better the experimental data. The effect of addition of packed-bed columns with commercial resins (Amberlite XAD-4 and Dowex MAC-3) was also evaluated. Amberlite XAD-4 showed better results than Dowex MAC-3 but not as good as hydrolyzed olive cake. For example, at an operating time of 120 min, copper concentration in the effluent was 3.4 mg/L and 5.5 mg/L when Amberlite XAD-4 and Dowex MAC-3 were used, respectively. For regeneration and reuse of adsorbent, hydrochloric acid was investigated as eluting agent. Four adsorption–desorption cycles were performed with 0.5 M HCl. The desorption curves showed a high desorption rate. Also, the desorption yield changed from 86% to 67.1% when adsorption–desorption cycles were conducted. Overall, results suggested that the studied adsorbent will be useful for future scale-up for the removal of copper (II) of fertilizer wastewater.

Tween 80 Modified Hydroxyapatite as an Adsorbent for Removal of Copper from Aqueous Solution

Hydroxyapatite was in this study modified with Tween 80 through ultrasound assisted chemical precipitation method. The Tween-modified hydroxyapatite (T-HA) was characterized by some analytical methods. T-HA particles were rod-shaped with an average length of 59 nm. The effect of contact time, pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage and initial concentration of Cu2+ on adsorption capacity were studied to determine the capacity of T-HA to adsorb copper ions. The removal efficiency for Cu2+ reached maximum (82.68%), at an initial concentration of Cu2+ of 200 mg/L and adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g at 35 °C for two hours reaction. The adsorption mechanism was determined by pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic models, while the equilibrium isotherms was fitted by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models. Our data can best be described by a PSO kinetic model (R 2 = 0.99971) and D-R model (R 2 = 0.9377), suggesting a chemisorption mechanism. Application of Langmuir isotherm model (R 2 = 0.99337) indicated that Cu2+ was adsorbed on T-HA as a monolayer. These results demonstrated that the Tween-modified hydroxyapatite is a promising material for environmental remediation of copper ions in waste water.

Tween 80 Modified Hydroxyapatite as an Adsorbent for Removal of Copper from Aqueous Solution

Hydroxyapatite was in this study modified with Tween 80 through ultrasound assisted chemical precipitation method. The Tween-modified hydroxyapatite (T-HA) was characterized by some analytical methods. T-HA particles were rod-shaped with an average length of 59 nm. The effect of contact time, pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage and initial concentration of Cu2+ on adsorption capacity were studied to determine the capacity of T-HA to adsorb copper ions. The removal efficiency for Cu2+ reached maximum (82.68%), at an initial concentration of Cu2+ of 200 mg/L and adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g at 35 °C for two hours reaction. The adsorption mechanism was determined by pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic models, while the equilibrium isotherms was fitted by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models. Our data can best be described by a PSO kinetic model (R2 = 0.99971) and D-R model (R2 = 0.9377), suggesting a chemisorption mechanism. Application of Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.99337) indicated that Cu2+ was adsorbed on T-HA as a monolayer. These results demonstrated that the Tween-modified hydroxyapatite is a promising material for environmental remediation of copper ions in waste water.

Effects of Co-occurring Species Present in Swine Lagoons on Adsorption of Copper on Eggshell

There is a significant interest in mitigating copper from swine lagoons. Adsorptive removal of copper using eggshells was proposed to be an effective approach. Most of the previous research on the adsorption of copper was focused on single and binary metals. However, in swine lagoons, copper always co-occurs with acetate, ammonia, and zinc. Hence, in this research, adsorption of copper (0–150 mg L−1) on eggshells was studied in the presence of different concentrations (low, medium, and high) of acetate (250, 500, and 1000 mg L−1) ammonia (250, 500, and 1000 mg L−1), and zinc (25, 50, and 100 mg L−1), for the first time. Results indicated that at highest concentrations, adsorption was negatively affected (< 20%) by acetate and zinc. Ammonia, however, was found to enhance copper adsorption (30%) presumably by formation of ternary complexes. Considering their easy availability, eggshells appear to be promising and a practical solution for copper abatement in lagoons.

Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Manganese Oxide Coated Zeolite as Adsorbent for Removal of Copper(II) Ions from Seawater

The present study is aimed to examine the adsorption characteristics of Cu(II) by using the novel cellulose acetate composite and to apply it for the removal of Cu(II) from real wastewater samples. In order to achieve this objective, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and te-traethylenepentanene were used for immobilization of grafted cellulose acetate-nanoscale manganese dioxide. Cellulose was extracted from mangrove species Avicennia marina and converted to cellulose acetate then it was formed composite with nano-manganese dioxide via precipitation of nano-manganese dioxide on it. The composite was grafted with acrylamide monomer before immobilization. The synthesized compounds were used for adsorption of Cu(II) and characterized by FT-IR, TGA and SEM. The adsorption characteristics of synthesized sorbents were optimized. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to establish sorption equilibria. The analytical applications of these modified materials were applied successfully for the removal of Cu(II).

Carbon Nanofibers: A New Adsorbent for Copper Removal from Wastewater

This research describes the adsorption of Cu2+ onto a helical ribbon carbon nanofiber. The characterization of carbon nanofiber by zeta potential showed an isoelectronic pH of 1.9. The influence of different adsorption factors, such as stirring speed, temperature, pH, adsorbent concentration, etc., on the Cu2+ adsorption capacity have been evaluated. The pH has a great influence on Cu2+ adsorption, with the maximum adsorption capacity reached at a pH of 10. The experimental data fit well to pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models (qm = 8.80 mg·g−1) at T = 298 K and pH = 4. The Cu2+ adsorption could be explained by the particle diffusion model. Results showed that carbon nanofiber could be successfully used for the elimination of Cu2+ from wastewater.

Synthesis of sustainable mesoporous treated fish waste as adsorbent for copper removal

Mesoporous Treated Fish waste obtained at a temperature of 600 °C was investigated as a sustainable and cost-effective material for copper (II) removal in aqueous solution. The structural and micro structural study and the chemical composition of our elaborated material were realized by BET, SEM-EDS, FTIR, TGA and DTA. Several adsorbent effects have been optimized to have; adsorbent dose, contact time, pH of the solution and initial concentration. The results revealed that 96% of copper (II) was removed in the best adsorption conditions: pH = 4, an adsorbent dose of 4 g/L, 360 min reaction time and 5 mg L−1 of Cu (II) initial concentration. Experimental results showed that the pseudo-second-order model gave the best description of the adsorption kinetics of copper (II), as well as the Langmuir model was the best applicable model to describe the isotherm. Waste fish show promising results in removing copper (II) in aqueous solution. These results present new sustainable, cost-effective material as a promising adsorbent for copper (II) removal from wastewater. The regeneration of SMTFW showed a low reduction, which confirmed that our adsorbent can be considered as a sustainable material for copper adsorption. Finally, the adsorption mechanism was proposed on the basis of FTIR analyses before and after adsorption.