Adoption Of New Ideas Research Articles

Ordering dynamics and aging in the symmetrical threshold model

The so-called Granovetter–Watts model was introduced to capture a situation in which the adoption of new ideas or technologies requires a certain redundancy in the social environment of each agent to take effect. This model has become a paradigm for complex contagion. Here we investigate a symmetric version of the model: agents may be in two states that can spread equally through the system via complex contagion. We find three possible phases: a mixed one (dynamically active disordered state), an ordered one, and a heterogeneous frozen phase. These phases exist for several configurations of the contact network. Then, we consider the effect of introducing aging as a non-Markovian mechanism in the model, where agents become increasingly resistant to change their state the longer they remain in it. We show that when aging is present, the mixed phase is replaced, for sparse networks, by a new phase with different dynamical properties. This new phase is characterized by an initial disordering stage followed by a slow ordering process toward a fully ordered absorbing state. In the ordered phase, aging modifies the dynamical properties. For random contact networks, we develop a theoretical description based on an approximate master equation that describes with good accuracy the results of numerical simulations for the model with and without aging.

Exploring Cutting-Edge Approaches to Reduce Africa's Carbon Footprint through Innovative Technology Dissemination

This paper investigates the possibility of revolutionizing Africa's carbon footprint through innovative technology dissemination strategies for GHG emission reduction. It highlights the importance of harnessing renewable energy sources to mitigate climate change and promote sustainable development in Africa. This paper also examined several technology diffusion theories in order to unleash Africa's climate-smart potential by tying them to the recommended techniques for dealing with technological diffusion concerns. These theories varied from diffusion of innovation theory to planned behaviour theory. By analysing these theories, it was found that the most appropriate technology diffusion theory for the assessment of innovative technology dissemination strategies for GHG emission reduction in Africa would be the Diffusion of Innovations Theory. This is due to the theory's emphasis on the dissemination and adoption of new ideas, technologies, or innovations by people or groups within a social system. It would give useful insights into the variables influencing the adoption and dissemination of novel technology for reducing GHG emissions in Africa. The paper also discusses the challenges and barriers faced in the diffusion of renewable energy technologies across the continent while proposing innovative strategies to overcome these obstacles and unlock Africa's untapped climate-smart potential. These strategies include promoting policy and regulatory frameworks that incentivize investment in renewable energy, fostering partnerships between governments, private sector entities, and international organizations to support technology transfer and capacity building, and implementing financial mechanisms such as green bonds and carbon pricing to mobilize funding for renewable energy projects. These proposed strategies were also used to develop seven policies required for innovative technology dissemination strategies for GHG emission reduction in Africa. These policies aim to address the unique challenges faced by African countries in adopting and implementing innovative technologies for GHG emission reduction. By focusing on capacity building, financial incentives, and knowledge sharing, these strategies seek to promote the widespread adoption of sustainable technologies across the continent. They emphasize the importance of collaboration between governments, private sector entities, and international organizations to ensure the successful implementation and long-term sustainability of these policies.

Creating conditions for effective knowledge brokering: a qualitative case study

BackgroundProcess improvement in healthcare is informed by knowledge from the private sector. Skilled individuals may aid the adoption of this knowledge by frontline care delivery workers through knowledge brokering. However, the effectiveness of those who broker knowledge is limited when the context they work within proves unreceptive to their efforts. We therefore need greater insight into the contextual conditions that support individuals to broker process improvement knowledge to the frontline of care delivery, and how policy makers and organizations might generate such conditions.MethodsOur research took place in a healthcare system within an Australian State. We undertook a qualitative, embedded single case study over the four year period of a process improvement intervention encompassing 57 semi-structured interviews (with knowledge brokers, policy makers, and executive sponsors), 12 focus groups, and 137 h of observation, which included the frontline implementation of actual process improvement initiatives, where knowledge brokering took place.ResultsWe identified four phases of the process improvement intervention that moved towards a more mature collaboration within which knowledge brokering by improvement advisors began to emerge as effective. In the first phase knowledge brokering was not established. In the second phase, whilst knowledge brokering had been initiated, the knowledge being brokered lacked legitimacy amongst frontline practitioners, resulting in resistance. Only in the fourth and final phase of the intervention did the collective experience of policy makers result in reflections on how they might engender a more receptive context for knowledge brokering.ConclusionWe highlight a number of suggested actions that policy makers might consider, if they wish to engender contextual conditions that support knowledge brokering. Policy makers might consider: ensuring they respect local context and experience, by pulling good ideas upward, rather than imposing foreign knowledge from on high; facilitating the lateral diffusion of knowledge by building cultural linkages between people and organizations; strengthening collaboration, not competition, so that trans-organisational flow of ideas might be encouraged; being friend, not foe, to healthcare organizations on their knowledge integration journey. In sum, we suggest that top-down approaches to facilitating the diffusion and adoption of new ideas ought to be reconsidered.

‘이응노의집’과 새롭게 이응노 활용하기: 창조적 파괴의 개념을 통해 본 이응노의 예술세계와 ‘이응노의집’의 미래경영

Since the early 2000s, a large number of public art museums have opened in Korea, marking public recognition of the importance of such museums. The number of public art museums will continue to grow at an increasing rate, further strengthening their influence on the society. This study intends to examine the current state of public artist museums in Korea, and then focus specifically on Maison d’Lee Ungno which opened in 2011 to commemorate Lee Ungno’s art world. It also aims to propose a future management plan for Maison d’Lee Ungno based on the concept of creative destruction. Creative destruction, a notion put forward by Joseph Schumpeter, is a process of innovating existing practices through the continual combination and adoption of new ideas. Given the relative absence of modern art museums dedicated to particular artists in Korea, the proposed plan shall incorporate the creative destruction process as its core strategy.

Examining health care champions: a mixed-methods study exploring self and peer perspectives of champions.

Champions are widely recognized as playing a key role in the successful implementation of evidence-based interventions within the health care sector; however, little is known about which characteristics and skills enable them to play that role. Furthermore, previous studies have measured only individual champions' responses to personal attributes without incorporating input from other observers. A mixed-methods study was conducted to identify, analyze, and group the behaviors and characteristics of champions who have successfully promoted the adoption of new initiatives within the health care delivery system, taking into consideration self and peer perspectives. Using a mixed-methods, cross-sectional triangulation design with a convergence model, quantitative data were collected and analyzed from health care champions (n = 30) and their colleagues (n = 58) from 11 countries using a survey. Every champion and a subset of colleagues (n = 14) also participated in in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the relationship between champion and colleague responses to survey items; chi-squared tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the differences. Thematic content analysis of qualitative data was used to explore champion-like behaviors and features. Characteristics of champions were categorized using the Transformational Leadership Theory framework. Champions exhibited characteristics that facilitated trust and encouraged motivation among their colleagues to adopt innovations, such as being intrinsically motivated, persistent, enthusiastic, and highly effective communicators. Champions were described by their colleagues as empathetic, curious, physically present, approachable, and often soliciting feedback from others. Although there was a high degree of agreement between champion and colleague survey responses, champions were more likely to underrate their skills and abilities to instigate change compared to their colleagues. Both champions and colleagues described key champion-like characteristics, but champions often downplayed the characteristics and behaviors that make champions uniquely effective at facilitating the adoption of evidence-based interventions. Health care champions are people who promote the adoption of new initiatives to improve the quality of patient care among their colleagues within health care settings. Champions are often viewed by organizational leaders and researchers as critical for the successful implementation of new ideas; however, little is known about what specific skills or characteristics make them effective at promoting the adoption of new ideas among their colleagues. Most studies on champions' behaviors have only included the perspectives of champions, and not perspectives from others within the organization. The goal of our study was to not only explore champions' perspectives of themselves, but also the views of champions' colleagues to understand why and how champions motivated and influenced their colleagues to try new things. Findings from this study could lead to more accurate identification of health care champions, which in turn could lead to more efficient and effective adoption of new initiatives to improve the quality of patient care.

Effect of Importation Ban on Rice Production in Bade Local Government Area of Yobe State, Nigeria

Aim: The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the importation ban on rice production in Bade Local Government Area of Yobe State, Nigeria.
 Methodology: A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select 110 respondents. The study used a structured questionnaire and oral interview to collect data from rice farmers on socioeconomic characteristics, change in input utilization, access to factors of production, adoption of new ideas and practices, and change in rice production. Data were analyzed using means, frequency counts, percentages, correlation analysis and z-test. The study was conducted between February and June in the year 2021.
 Results: The findings revealed that 36.6% of the respondents were within the age range of 31-40 years while the mean age was 38.62 years. The majority (90.1%) were males and the majority (80.2%) were married. Only 14.9% of the respondents did not acquire formal education. There was a great increase in the utilisation of herbicides (mean=4.47), water pumps (mean=4.58), fertilizers (mean =4.62) and seeds (mean =4.79). Access to credits (mean =1.27), pesticides (mean =1.56), knapsack sprayers (mean =1.71), water pumps (mean =1.76), fertilizers (mean =1.81) and farmlands (mean =1.89) was high but access to subsidies (mean =0.70) and extension services (mean =0.69) was low. There was significant positive correlation between age (r=0.56, p=0.00), income, (r=0.43, p= 0.00), size of farm holding, (r=0.30, p= 0.02), household size (r=0.23, p= 0.02), change in input utilisation (r=0.22, p=0.03) and change in rice production. A significant difference existed between the quantity of rice produced before the ban and after the ban (z=-4.54, p˂0.05).
 Conclusion: The importation ban policy of the Federal Government of Nigeria caused a substantial increase in paddy rice production. The study recommended that the government proactive measure on rice importation ban should be sustained to make the country self-sufficient in rice production.

When female leaders believe that men make better leaders: Empowerment in community-based water management in rural Namibia

Decentralization of water management in Namibia follows a community-based co-management approach, emphasizing the inclusion of women in local leadership. Building on a random sample of 32 water point chairpersons, 17 female and 15 male, and 384 villagers in rural northern Namibia, we document that women are equally represented as chairpersons and that they are significantly more educated and younger than their male counterparts. However, most of the female leaders come from the family of the traditional leader. We then show that opinions about the role of a leader (such as the belief that ‘men make better leaders’ or ‘it is sometimes acceptable to take a bribe’) do not differ between male and female leaders. However, their opinions differ significantly from those of the average villager. Thus, our assessment reveals that although men and women are equally represented in numbers, it has not necessarily led to the adoption of new ideas about and conceptions of leadership and gender roles in practice so far. We discuss how some aspects of the democratic blueprint are accepted while others are rejected, adapted, or transformed to fit local specificities. • Decentralization of water management in Namibia shows that women are equally represented. • Female leaders are more educated and younger than their male counterparts. • Most female leaders are related to the traditional leaders – reinforcing existing power structures. • It has not led to the adoption of new ideas and values of leadership so far.

Measuring Innovation Culture: A Synthesis of the Innovation Culture Construct and Identification of its Research Clusters

We provide an integrative review of the previous research that has measured the innovation culture construct. Our data reveal that the construct has been composed of 28 different dimensions in previous research. Furthermore, these dimensions can be graphed along two axes: presence of the dimension in the literature and importance of the dimension within every single research project in which it appears. This analysis shows that the dimensions can be integrated into a four-quadrant matrix: 1) core dimensions: those high in both importance and presence; 2) niche dimensions: those high in importance but relatively low in presence; 3) minor dimensions: those low in both importance and presence; and 4) generic dimensions: those low in importance but high in presence in the literature. Moreover, by conducting a multiple correspondence analysis along with cluster analysis, we can provide a detailed structure of the construct by revealing that scholars have measured innovation culture in seven fundamental different ways, through 1) employee characteristics, 2) external orientation and strategy, 3) internal communication, 4) collaboration, 5) willingness to change, 6) technology employed, and 7) adoption of new ideas. We finally provide a discussion section and suggest areas that have the greatest potential for future exploration in measuring the innovation culture construct.

¿Cómo varían los efectos de la innovación en el comercio minorista? Un análisis por categoría de producto

The present work deals with the study of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction in retailing through two variables of special relevance, such as innovation and store image. By differentiating between innovation in marketing and in technology, the goal is twofold: to analyze the chain of effects innovation in marketing (technological innovation - image - satisfaction – word-of-mouth) and to study the moderating effect of activity sector in these relationships. Based on a sample of 820 customers from food, textile, home and electronics retailers, on the one hand, the results confirm the chain of relationships; and the category of the commercialized product also moderates the influence of image on satisfaction. There are important academic and business implications, as well as interesting lines for further research in this field. Among them, it should be noted that marketing innovation influences on technological innovation. Thus, the consumer perceives the adoption of new ideas by the store as a relevant antecedent of its technological development. The influence of technological innovation on the consumer’s image about the store has also been confirmed. Moreover, image shows a significant impact on satisfaction, and satisfaction influences on loyalty. Finally, the results confirm that the influence of image on customer satisfaction is different based on the activity sector of the store.

The role of banks’ innovativeness in building sustainable market efficiency: the case of Poland

New technology has already influenced almost all aspect of human life. Innovativeness is considered as one of the most important requirements for both companies and employees. Even such traditional entities like banks should develop their propensity and ability to incorporate changes in business practices through the creation and adoption of new ideas, solutions, and technology. Today, as a result of significant changes on banking markets, the innovativeness becomes one of the condition for banks’ sustainability. Strong competition increased by a necessity to compete with new market players requires developing new managers and employees’ skills as creativity and intrapreneurship. The purpose of the paper is to investigate to what extent bank’s innovativeness impacts a bank’s efficiency that lead to sustainable market position. It presents banks’ innovativeness among other competitive advantage factors, their assessment from the perspective of their potential in the process of building bank’s competitive advantage and a correlation between the level of bank’s innovativeness and market efficiency. The majority of the innovativeness research concentrate on developed countries and very little is known about developing, transition countries. Moreover, the few of them explore banks as a specific entity. On the banking market, they focus rather on distribution channels or product innovations. To the best authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to empirically examine the relationship between a bank’s innovativeness and market efficiency in a transition banking market in Europe. The paper uses data retrieved from the research survey. The survey’s target group consisted of all retail banks operating in Poland defined as banks that offer a broad range of financial services to different segments of individual customers. The research was conducted under the auspices of the Polish Banks Association. The data was collected by two methods – PAPI (personal and pencil interviews) and CAWI (computer assisted web interviews). The questionnaire was applied to executive managers of retail banks operating on Polish banking market and banks’ customers. The data used for assessing banks’ efficiency were derived from banks’ annual reports. The results provide direction for banks’ decision makers concerning innovativeness’ factors that should be taken into account in the process of building competitive advantage and sustainable market performance.

Partnering with the Australian cherry industry: a responsive and participatory extension approach

RD&E has shifted from Australian government to private sector providers over the last few decades. This requires new approaches to public and private partnerships. A four-year program was designed that identified relevant expertise, whether grower, consultant, researcher or international expert, and relevant grower topics presented by annual 'road show' campaigns. Growers were surveyed on the design and effectiveness of the program. Growers indicated that small regional groups work best, but they need to be assisted by advisors and researchers. Growers also indicated they should have the ability to be self-directed. Growers want on-farm field days and informal and formal information sessions. Results show that multiple research and extension methods are required to deliver a broad range of priority information to a diverse range of growers and regions. Almost all of the 308 growers (62% of the total industry) who were surveyed indicated they would participate in a future national development program. This program has enabled information flow between growers, consultants/advisors and researchers which facilitated the adoption of new ideas and technology.

Translating macro-ideas into micro-level practices: The role of social interactions

Translation studies have conceptualized language, editing and meaning in the adoption of new ideas or policies, but left the role of interpersonal relationships largely unexplored. This paper contributes to translation theory by using insights from social exchange theory to analyze the role of social interactions in translation. Our case is the translation of the macro-idea of ‘activation’ in practices of sickness absence management within Dutch and Danish hospitals. The study reveals that the translation of this macro-idea into micro-practices varies along with the local managers’ positive or negative interpretation of social interactions with their sick-listed employees. The findings thus suggest a crucial role for interpersonal relationships in explaining meaning, reciprocity and outcomes of translation. The findings are used to develop a model of how macro-ideas are related to micro-practices via mechanisms of social exchange.

Cultural additivity: behavioural insights from the interaction of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in folktales

Computational folkloristics, which is rooted in the movement to make folklore studies more scientific, has transformed the way researchers in humanities detect patterns of cultural transmission in large folklore collections. This interdisciplinary study contributes to the literature through its application of Bayesian statistics in analyzing Vietnamese folklore. By breaking down 307 stories in popular Vietnamese folktales and major story collections and categorizing their core messages under the values or anti-values of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, the study shows how the Bayesian method helps discover an underlying behavioural phenomenon called “cultural additivity.” The term, which is inspired by the principle of additivity in probability, adds to the voluminous works on syncretism, creolization and hybridity in its technical dimension. Here, to evaluate how the values and norms of the aforementioned three religions (“tam giáo” 三教) co-exist, interact, and influence Vietnamese society, the study proposes three models of additivity for religious faiths: (a) no additivity, (b) simple additivity, and (c) complex additivity. The empirical results confirm the existence of “cultural additivity” : not only is there an isolation of Buddhism in the folktales, there is also a higher possibility of interaction or addition of Confucian and Taoist values even when these two religions hold different value systems (β{VT.VC} = 0.86). The arbitrary blend of the three religions is an example of the observed phenomenon of Vietnamese people selecting and adding ideas, beliefs, or artefacts—which may sometimes appear contradictory to principles of their existing beliefs—to their culture. The behavioural pattern is omnipresent in the sense that it can also be seen in Vietnamese arts, architecture, or adoption of new ideas and religions, among others. The “cultural additivity” concept, backed by robust statistical analysis, is an attempt to fill in the cultural core pointed out by syncretism and account for the rising complexity of modern societies.

Co-authorship analysis of the speleothem proxy-climate community: working together to tackle the big problems

Understanding the environmental context of speleothem palaeo-climate proxies is fundamental to their interpretation. We analyse four methodological approaches to accomplish this: stalactite discharge analysis, proxy/process tracer studies, discharge modelling, and geophysics. Datamining produced citation data sets that reflected these methodological subdisciplines. Social network analysis is used to examine co-authorship within and between these sub-disciplines, and between the joint methodological community and the broader speleothem proxy climate community. Members of the sub-disciplines have become more connected to one another over time, and to members of the other sub-disciplines. High degrees of connectivity between and within communities allows for the rapid and efficient adoption of new ideas and methods, and will enable the community to effectively tackle emerging complex problems.

A Nova Gestão Pública e a Reforma Administrativa

O presente artigo analisa os efeitos do custo, da grandeza e da complexidade que o sector público alcançou com o desenvolvimento do Estado de Bem-Estar social e que levou a que um conjunto de países industrializados procedesse à realização de mudanças, mais ou menos radicais, nas estruturas e nas funções do Estado e, em particular, na Administração Pública, pela adopção de novas ideias de gestão, oriundas do sector privado, paradigma conhecido na literatura com a designação de New Public Management.

West Hampshire Community Diabetes Service: re‐commissioning a sustainable model of care

West Hampshire Community Diabetes Service: re‐commissioning a sustainable model of care

THE CREATION AND DIFFUSION OF INNOVATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

AbstractIn this study, we review the literature on the creation and diffusion of innovation in the private sectors (industry and services) in developing countries. In particular, we collect evidence on what are the barriers to innovation creation and diffusion and the channels of innovation diffusion to and within developing countries. We find that innovation in developing countries is about creation or adoption of new ideas and technologies; but the capacity for innovation is embedded in and constituted by dynamics between geographical, socio‐economic, political and legal subsystems. We contextualize the findings from the review in the current theoretical framework of diffusion of innovations, and we emphasize how the institutional context typical of developing countries impacts the diffusion itself.

Deconstructing management fad adoption: towards a conceptual model

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to propose that adoption of new ideas is a more involved cognitive process than has been recognised and this paper seeks to redress the trivialisation of ideas as emerging management ideas (“fads”). The embracing of “fads” for performance improvement and competitive advantage has received considerable attention in the academic literature, resulting in a rather one-sided view.Design/methodology/approach– Cognitive decision-making, evidence-based management and complexity theory are examined to illustrate cognitive process, skills and experiences used when making decisions and several propositions are derived from these ideas.Findings– An conceptual model of “fad” adoption, integrating the ideas and propositions is presented. This model provides a more pragmatic examination of “fad” adoption decisions and encourages an in depth consideration of their introduction. The model offers a more sophisticated, focused tool for examining the adoption of new management ideas and provides a springboard from which more detailed, integrated models can be developed, and hopefully will stimulate discussion. Implications for theory and practice are also considered.Originality/value– Examination of the literature on management “fads” revealed significant material that focused on the negative aspects of “fad” adoption, but an absence of material that examined how manager’s made their adoption decisions. This paper, therefore, provides a valuable contribution to both theory and practice by examining factors which contribute to how and why management decisions to adopt “fads” are made and develops a model to illustrate how these are integrated to contribute to the process of decision-making.

An Early Hunter-Gatherer Cemetery in the Canadian Lower Great Lakes

The timing and context of the first emergence of cemeteries is of broad interest to archaeologists who wish to understand and explain changes in social complexity in late hunter-gatherer societies. Eastern North America has a particularly informative archaeological record for generating insight into how and why relatively small scale communities transform into much larger and regionally integrated societies, especially as these major transformations occur prior to the emergence of maize-based polities about 800 years ago (Sassaman 2010). An important element of this record of cultural change is innovation, transmission and adoption of new ideas concerning mortuary practices, and variation in these rituals over time provides considerable insight into the organizational complexity of hunter-gatherer societies.

Extending The Technology Acceptance Model: Policy Acceptance Model (PAM)

Many have studied the process of acceptance and adoption of new ideas and technologies as they are introduced into society. While several models have been used to assess various influencing factors, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is one that is most widely accepted. This model examines people’s acceptance of new technologies based on variables that directly correlate to how the end user views the product. This paper introduces the Policy Acceptance Model (PAM), an expansion of TAM, which is designed for the analysis and evaluation of acceptance of new policy implementation. PAM includes the traditional constructs of TAM and adds the variables of age and ethnicity. The model is experimentally assessed using a survey of people’s attitudes toward the upcoming health care reform from 72 survey respondents. The aim is that the theory behind this model can be used as a framework that will be applicable to studies looking at the introduction of any new or modified policies.