Adoption Of Interorganizational Systems Research Articles

The Dark Side of Technological Modularity: Opportunistic Information Hiding During Interorganizational System Adoption

To drive competitive advantage in today’s fast-paced and disruptive business environment, firms are increasingly investing in the modularization of their technology infrastructure. In a rapidly changing and interconnected business environment where flexibility is key, modularity is often hailed as a foundational pillar of information technology systems of the future. For networked firms, modularity has been traditionally viewed as unambiguously beneficial because it allows for closer alignment with partner firms and also mitigates risk by lowering partner switching costs. However, we find that in interfirm networks undergoing technology transitions in the form of adoption of new interorganizational systems such as blockchains, modularity can also engender additional risks. Specifically, the early stages of IOS adoption are characterized by information asymmetries, and we find that high levels of technological modularity can render firms more susceptible to opportunistic information withholding by network partners. Our findings run counter to the traditional view of modularity as a capability that can improve the efficiency of IOS adoption, or as a governance mechanism that reduces risks associated with IOS adoption. As optimism and investments toward modularity grow, by identifying associated risks, our work cautions managers to adopt a more qualified view of this capability during technological transitions.

일본 항공사의 여객서비스시스템 도입 사례연구 －자국지역지향 및 조직간시스템 도입 이론적 관점에서-

일본 항공사의 여객서비스시스템 도입 사례연구 －자국지역지향 및 조직간시스템 도입 이론적 관점에서-

An Explanatory Case Study on Passenger Service Systems Adoption: A Taiwanese Air Carrier

This study explains the adoption of Passenger Service Systems (PSS) in airlines through the lens of Inter-organizational Systems adoption and home-region orientation. It examined 20 causal factors influencing PSS adoption and tested an original research model in the technology–organization–environment context, by applying transactional cost theory and neo-institutional theory. Prior to a cross-case study across multiple airlines, the explanatory single-case research analyzed interview data from four informants with a Taiwanese carrier and multiple industry reports; the key findings highlight: (i) interoperable functionality and industry standards as external technological drivers strongly influenced full conversion to the PSS platform; (ii) within the organizational context, commitment to global network, organizational transformation and top management support were identified as salient internal factors in decision-making and resource allocation, while normative pressures from an alliance body exerted a stronger influence over the airline than any other isomorphic forces; and (iii) in the context of environment, full conversion was also facilitated by PSS vendors and powered by the need for mutual worldwide learning to effectively operate foreign markets from home region. This in-depth case study provides insights that PSS in a common-use environment can bring business value to PSS user airlines in accessing a broader global market, offering greater competitive services and expanding distribution channels. To increase causality and generalizability, future work involving an embedded multi-case study with three East Asian carriers will be undertaken.

Uncertainty Perspective and the Adoption of Inter-Organizational Systems (IOS) Over the Internet in Small Businesses

In this research an uncertainty perspective is suggested to explain intent to adopt inter-organizational systems (IOS) over the Internet among small businesses. IOS adoption poses uncertainty for small businesses that cannot be certain about value generated unless such systems are widely adopted by business partners. Measures of different sources of perceived uncertainty, motivation, and IT-readiness are used to predict adoption. The findings support that uncertainty has negative effect and motivation and IT readiness a positive effect on intent to adopt IOS. Thus, efforts to enhance IOS adoption over the internet among small businesses must address perceived uncertainty convincingly both at the product and campaign levels.

System sourcing and information processing capability in supply chains: a study of small suppliers

Although the adoption of inter-organizational systems (IOS) has been studied extensively in the existing literature, relatively little research attention has been paid to how small firms in supply chains are influenced by their larger partners in making their system sourcing decisions. In this study, we examine how small suppliers may choose their system sourcing approaches to better serve and collaborate with their large customers in supply chains. Our empirical findings suggest that information processing requirements and collaboration needs drive small suppliers to adopt more commercial off-the-shelf software package (i.e., external sourcing) to build their IOSs. Moreover, we find that small suppliers take such external sourcing as a way to achieve system effectiveness and enhance their information processing capabilities. The findings of this study generate important theoretical and managerial implications for IOS adoption and organizational information processing.

Knowledge workers’ perceptions of potential benefits and challenges of inter-organizational knowledge sharing systems: a Delphi study in the health sector

Inter-organizational knowledge sharing systems (IOKSS) can serve as strategic systems for knowledge-based sectors. Most prior research on inter-organizational systems (IOSs) focuses on organizations’ adoption of such systems; they reveal little about knowledge workers’ adoption of IOS, especially in horizontally linked firms. Knowledge workers’ perception is critical to the deployment of IOKSS at all stages. On the basis of a Delphi technique in the health sector, this study demonstrates that IOKSS can benefit individuals, customers, organizations, the sector, and the knowledge sharing process, and that the challenges of IOKSS arise from individuals, peers, IOKSS, organizations, and the sector.

IOS adoption in innovation networks: a case study

PurposeGiven the increased importance of inter‐organizational networks in fostering innovation, the purpose of this paper is to isolate drivers of the adoption of inter‐organizational systems (IOS) that support innovation processes.Design/methodology/approachBased on qualitative research incorporating a focus group and in‐depth interviews, a network framework is provided for understanding key drivers concerning IOS adoption.FindingsThe research uncovers factors for facilitating coordination and communication efficiencies and outlines the roles that trust and commitment can play in managing innovation within networks through IOS use.Research limitations/implicationsTo enhance our understanding of innovations that are entrenched in networks of heterogeneous actors, this research contributes by employing an interdisciplinary approach as it applies network and relationships marketing literatures to the IOS adoption in innovation settings.Originality/valueThe paper advances theory development on innovation management and technology adoption by offering a network framework, a shift from extant literature's predominant focus on individual and organizational levels.

Inter-organizational systems (IOS) adoption in the Arabian Gulf region: the case of the Bahraini grocery industry

Many organizations particularly in developed countries have engaged in inter-organizational systems (IOS) to manage their business operations across the supply chain. Such systems, which are mainly based on business-to-business electronic commerce technologies, are seen to play a significant role in enabling organizations around the world to extend their supply chain and to engage in global trading efficiently and effectively regardless of their geographical locations. However, the adoption rate of IOS in developing countries is still generally very low. This creates significant challenges to achieving advanced supply chain management for organizations in the developed countries that have trading relationships with organizations in developing countries. Although an enormous number of studies have been conducted to investigate the IOS adoption phenomenon in the last three decades, currently, there is still a limited understanding of the contextual issues related to the IOS adoption in developing countries, specifically within the Arabian Gulf region. Therefore, in this study, guided by the process model of Kurnia and Johnston [(2000). The need for a processual view of inter-organizational systems adoption. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 9, 295–319], we conducted a multiple case study with seven companies within the grocery industry of Bahrain to investigate IOS adoption. This study offers important implications for both academics and practitioners.

A Knowledge-Based Framework for Measuring Organizational Readiness for the Adoption of B2B Integration Systems

Organizational readiness has long been identified as a critical success factor for the adoption of inter-organizational systems. This article presents a knowledge-based methodology for constructing readiness assessment instruments for B2B integration solutions and examines its validation by conducting structural equation modeling analysis with input data from wholesale trading firms in Greece. Strong emphasis is given to the usability and appropriateness of the produced indicators and the relevant gap in literature is addressed. The B2Bi success factors that are presented and the final set of their underlying indicators can provide a starting point for conducting organizational readiness evaluations for the successful adoption of multi-enterprise integration solutions. Our methodology and findings can assist enterprises and public bodies to utilize, share, and enrich a knowledge base about B2Bi organizational readiness, throughout their evolution as part of the Knowledge Society.

What Drives Firms to Engage in Interorganizational Information Sharing in Supply Chain Management?

With growing use of interorganizational systems, the scope of interfirm collaboration has increased considerably, particularly in the supply chain context. An important prerequisite of interfirm collaboration is information sharing. Extant research suggests clear advantages of information sharing. The research at hand addresses antecedents of interorganizational information sharing. Based on findings from interorganizational systems adoption and interfirm collaboration research, a structural model is developed and validated by a quantitative survey among Austrian retailers and manufacturers in the fast-moving consumer-goods sector. The proposed model analyzes the effect of internal factors (commitment, information policy, and technical readiness), interorganizational factors (relationship, trust, power, and trading partners’ technical readiness), and economic factors (perceived benefits and costs) on information-sharing behavior. The results show the relevance of internal factors and perceived benefits. The study reveals particularities of information-sharing behavior and can help practitioners to understand what motivates their trading partners to share information.

The Adoption of Inter-Organizational Systems in Small to Medium Sized Enterprises

The Adoption of Inter-Organizational Systems in Small to Medium Sized Enterprises

Inter-Organizational Coordination, IT Support, and Environment

Manufacturing organizations must know how to deal with uncertainty, manage environmental impact, effectively coordinate with suppliers, and use information technology (IT) to support coordination. Applying cybernetics and information processing theories, this study explores the relationship between organizational environment, inter-organizational coordination, IT support, and the effectiveness of inter-organizational coordination. Using the case study method, data was collected from six manufacturing firms in China. The results show that inter-organizational system adoption is affected by organizational environment and is related to the management of inter-organizational coordination. Coordination and IT application affect the performance of inter-organizational coordination.

Information technology innovation diffusion: an information requirements paradigm

Abstract. Information technology (IT) innovation research examines the organizational and technological factors that determine IT adoption and diffusion, including firm size and scope, technological competency and expected benefits. We extend the literature by focusing on information requirements as a driver of IT innovation adoption and diffusion. Our framework of IT innovation diffusion incorporates three industry‐level sources of information requirements: process complexity, clock speed and supply chain complexity. We apply the framework to US manufacturing industries using aggregate data of internet‐based innovations and qualitative analysis of two industries: wood products and beverage manufacturing. Results show systematic patterns supporting the basic thesis of the information processing paradigm: higher IT innovation diffusion in industries with higher information processing requirements; the salience of downstream industry structure in the adoption of interorganizational systems; and the role of the location of information intensity in the supply chain in determining IT adoption and diffusion. Our study provides a new explanation for why certain industries were early and deep adopters of internet‐based innovations while others were not: variation in information processing requirements.

Organizational Motivation and Interorganizational Systems Adoption Process

Interorganizational systems (IOS) play a critical role in today’s e-commerce environment. These systems are introduced by different organizations following different adoption processes. Existing literature on IOS adoption, however, does not explain the variations in the IOS adoption processes initiated by different organizations. A theory of IOS adoption known as IOS Motivation Model (IMM) has recently been developed by the authors that explains the differences in IOS adoption processes in terms of differences in organizations’ adoption motivations for any given IOS project. This paper reports an application of the model in the Australian automotive industry. The findings provide support for the model and are useful for IT managers.

A Dynamic lnteractional Model of Inter-Organizational System Adoption: The Case of Category Management Adoption in Australia

Adoption of inter-organizational systems (IOS) to improve supply chain efficiency has proved to be difficult because it spans organizational boundaries. Most IOS adoption studies have employed the factor approach that typically involves an identification of situational factors that affect the adoption by individual firms. This study argues that such an approach is unable to completely capture the richness of IOS adoption experience of organization and demonstrates the necessity to use a dynamic interactional model of IOS adoption to overcome the limitations of the factor approach. Using the findings of Category Management adoption in Australia, the paper illustrates how the dynamic interactional model captures the reciprocal interactions between the adopting firms with their inter-organizational environment in the course of adoption.

Predicting Intention to Adopt Interorganizational Linkages: An Institutional Perspective

This study used institutional theory as a lens to understand the factors that enable the adoption of interorganizational systems. It posits that mimetic, coercive, and normative pressures existing in an institutionalized environment could influence organizational predisposition toward an information technology-based interorganizational linkage. Survey-based research was carried out to test this theory. Following questionnaire development, validation, and pretest with a pilot study, data were collected from the CEO, the CFO, and the CIO to measure the institutional pressures they faced and their intentions to adopt financial electronic data interchange (FEDI). A firm-level structural model was developed based on the CEO's, the CFO's, and the CIO's data. LISREL and PLS were used for testing the measurement and structural models respectively. Results showed that all three institutional pressures-mimetic pressures, coercive pressures, and normative pressures-had a significant influence on organizational intention to adopt FEDI. Except for perceived extent of adoption among suppliers, all other subconstructs were significant in the model. These results provide strong support for institutional-based variables as predictors of adoption intention for interorganizational linkages. These findings indicate that organizations are embedded in institutional networks and call for greater attention to be directed at understanding institutional pressures when investigating information technology innovations adoption.

A theory of industry-level activity for understanding the adoption of interorganizational systems

Increasingly we wish to ask and research questions about the adoption of interorganizational systems and electronic commerce at the industry level but are hampered by the lack of a theory of concerted purposeful action at this large level of analysis. In this paper we give the outlines of such a theory and indicate the uses to which it can be put. Particular attention is paid to how the routine day-to-day activities of the firms and support organizations that make up an industry group can be coordinated in such a way that we can speak of an industry as engaged in purposeful activity. We contend that only through a deep understanding of the possibilities and nature of routine coordinated activity at this level can issues concerning promotion, implementation and adoption of interorganizational systems by whole industries be properly framed.

A theory of industry-level activity for understanding the adoption of interorganizational systems

Increasingly we wish to ask and research questions about the adoption of interorganizational systems and electronic commerce at the industry level but are hampered by the lack of a theory of concerted purposeful action at this large level of analysis. In this paper we give the outlines of such a theory and indicate the uses to which it can be put. Particular attention is paid to how the routine day-to-day activities of the firms and support organizations that make up an industry group can be coordinated in such a way that we can speak of an industry as engaged in purposeful activity. We contend that only through a deep understanding of the possibilities and nature of routine coordinated activity at this level can issues concerning promotion, implementation and adoption of interorganizational systems by whole industries be properly framed.

The need for a processual view of inter-organizational systems adoption

In order to sustain competitiveness, companies need to adopt electronic commerce (EC) enabled inter-organizational systems (IOS) to improve the efficiencies of entire supply chains. Adoption of IOS by companies, however, has proved difficult since such systems span organizational boundaries. Understanding IOS adoption is hampered by a lack of theory that can capture the complexity involved in IOS adoption since previous studies mostly employ the factor approach. In this paper, using Efficient Consumer Response as an example of an EC-enabled IOS, we demonstrate that the acknowledgement of the inter-organizational context of these systems naturally introduces the need for the processual approach and different notions of causality. We also show how the factor and the processual approaches to theorizing IOS adoption can be used in a complementary way.

The Role of Interorganizational and Organizational Factors on the Decision Mode for Adoption of Interorganizational Systems*

The dramatic growth of interorganizational systems (IOS) has changed the way organizations conduct their business, and has resulted in significant tangible and intangible benefits being realized by participating firms. However, the implementation of these IOS requires the cooperation and commitment of all the participating members. These members may have complex economic and business relationships among themselves that can result in a number of social, political, and economic factors influencing the adoption and implementation of IOS.This study examines the role of interorganizational and organizational factors on the decision mode for adoption of IOS, in the specific context of electronic data interchange (EDI). Four interorganizational factors, based on the socio‐political framework derived from research in marketing, and five organizational factors based on research in IS were used in the study. The data for the study were collected through a large scale field survey. Two respondents, the sales/purchase manager and the IS manager, from 201 firms responded to the survey. The results of discriminant analysis of the data reveal that two interorganizational variables, competitive pressure and exercised power, and two organizational variables, internal need and top management support, are important variables to differentiate firms with proactive decision mode from firms with reactive decision mode.The study also evaluates the differences between proactive and reactive firms on three implementation outcomes. Proactive firms are found to have greater extent of adaptation, more external connectivity with trading partners, and better integration of EDI information in their internal IS applications.