Adolescent Attitudes Research Articles

Sociological research in the field of family and demography: responding to the challenges of our time

The article analyzes the data of sociological research conducted by the Department of Sociology of Family and Demography of the Faculty of Sociology of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, whose employees adhere to the familistic paradigm. The data from these studies are used for social design and forecasting of family and demographic behavior of the bulk of the population, as well as to develop recommendations for improving family and demographic policy aimed at increasing the birth rate and overcoming the crisis of the family as a social institution. Analysis of these data showed that effective policies in the field of family and demography should be aimed not only at changing the attitude towards family life and the birth of children on the part of those people who are now in active reproductive age, but also at creating a positive attitude of adolescents and young people towards based on a strong legal marriage and a close connection between three generations of a family with three or more children. A social atmosphere that encourages the formation and maintenance of families of this type should be considered as a necessary condition for the prosperity of the country.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of adolescents and parents toward malocclusion and orthodontic treatment

Malocclusion is the misalignment of teeth and jaws, affecting oral health and appearance. This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of both adolescents and parents toward malocclusion. This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Tianjin between July 2019 and July 2022, enrolled adolescents and their parents. The structural equation model (SEM) was used to analyze the interactions between KAP. A total of 478 adolescents and 380 parents were included. For knowledge, the scores were 6.95 ± 2.69 for adolescents and 7.07 ± 2.90 for parents (possible range, 0–12). For attitude, the scores were 36.96 ± 7.86 for adolescents and 33.26 ± 9.20 for parents (possible range, 13–65). For practice, the scores were 39.88 ± 7.85 for adolescents and 25.75 ± 8.56 for parents (possible range, 11–55). In parents, knowledge, practice, being a service personnel and production personnel, and acquiring knowledge through the Internet were associated with receiving orthodontic treatment. The SEM showed that knowledge directly affected attitudes (β = 0.551, P < 0.001) and practices (β = 1.122, P < 0.001). But attitudes did not affect practices (β=-0.003, P = 0.923). Adolescents and parents demonstrate unsatisfactory levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward malocclusion. Improvements can be made by focusing on enhancing knowledge and encouraging proactive practices.

Does good knowledge affect the disapproving attitudes of female adolescents regarding early marriage? A cross-sectional study

Early marriage is a severe public health problem issue. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes of female adolescents regarding early marriage. A cross-sectional design was used and included 245 female adolescents. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitudes regarding early marriage. Most of the respondents disagree with early marriage. Female adolescents with good knowledge were 0.51 times more likely to disagree with early marriage than those with less knowledge. Female adolescents with higher mothers’ education were 0.66 times more likely to disagree with early marriage than female adolescents with lower mothers’ education. Good female adolescents' knowledge and mother's education support female adolescents' disapproval of early marriage. We conclude that the better the understanding of female adolescents about early marriage, the less they agree with early marriage.

The Effect of Animation Video-Based Education Toward Stunting Knowledge and Attitude Among Female Adolescents in Jakarta

Aims: The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is one of the crucial problems that will have an impact on the next generation, so it needs to be prevented. Increasing stunting prevention knowledge and attitudes in adolescents related to health investment in the first 8000 days of life is important in reducing stunting rates. The aims of the study to identify the effect of investment education for the first 8000 days of life with animated videos as an effort to break the stunting cycle. Methods: This study used the Quasi Experiment method with a two-group pre-posttest design with 214 respondents divided into an intervention group and a control group with 107 people in each group. The research analysis used Wilcoxon Rank and Manova. Results: This study after being given the intervention showed that there were significant differences in the knowledge and attitude scores between the control group and the intervention group with a p-value of 0.000 (p &lt;α 0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that providing education on health investment in the first 8000 days of life with animated videos affects increasing knowledge and attitudes of young women in preventing stunting.

Effectiveness of Video Education in Preventing Electric Smoking Behavior in Students

Electronic cigarettes have experienced very rapid development, recently many people have been seen using electronic cigarettes, In Indonesia, as many as 2.1 million who use electronic cigarettes are students. Control of electronic cigarettes is carried out by providing education to change the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents. In the digital era, innovation is possible in delivering messages for prevention through audiovisual media such as short videos. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of video media on knowledge, attitudes and actions of electronic smoking behavior in adolescents at SMK Istiqomah Muhammadiyah 4 Samarinda. This study was conducted using an Experimental research method with a pre and post design approach. This study involved two research groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. Data were obtained using a questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and actions of electronic smoking. The research sample was 234 students. The sampling technique that will be used in this study is Simple Random Sampling. Statistical Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results of the study were that after education using video there was an increase in knowledge of 5 points and attitudes of 2 points. The results of the statistical test showed that there was an effect of video education on knowledge and attitudes with a P Value of 0.000. The conclusion of this study is that video education about the dangers of electronic cigarettes can increase knowledge and attitudes towards preventing electronic smoking behavior.

Effects of Open-Label Placebos on Visual Food Cue Reactivity in Children and Adolescents

Background: A high level of food cue reactivity (FCR) is a risk factor for overeating and weight gain. This randomized trial investigated whether open-label placebos (OLPs: placebos honestly administered) can reduce FCR (reported appetite) in children and adolescents. Method: Children (n = 73; 8–12 years old) and adolescents (n = 187; 16–18 years old) were randomly assigned to either an OLP group or a control group (without OLP). Participants viewed images depicting food (sweets and fruits) and non-food items. Before viewing, the OLP group received a placebo for appetite reduction. Participants rated their desire to eat the depicted food items (0–100) and the perceived effectiveness of the OLP intervention. Results: The OLP exhibited a large effect in children, leading to a general reduction in appetite (group difference OLP vs. no OLP: M = −20.8; ηp2 = 0.20). This general effect was absent in adolescents, whose appetite reduction was restricted to fruits (OLP vs. no OLP: M = −8.1; ηp2 = 0.03). Additionally, children perceived the OLP as more effective than adolescents. Conclusion: The reduced response and skeptical attitudes of adolescents towards OLP treatment require further investigation.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Acute Upper Respiratory Diseases in Rural School Adolescents in Neyyattinkara Taluk, India

Introduction: Public knowledge and practices regarding the common cold is crucial to prevent improper treatment and preserve resources and well - being. Despite global studies on the topic, there's a gap in research focusing on rural school - going late adolescents, like those in Neyyattinkara Taluk. This study aims to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practices regarding acute upper respiratory illness among late adolescents in NeyyattinkaraTaluk. Methods: An observational cross - sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of late adolescents in rural schools of a part of India from July to September 2019. The study was done among late adolescents (aged 15 - 18) in government higher secondary schools of Neyyattinkara Taluk. A sample size of 197 was taken. Data was collected using a semi - structured questionnaire covering demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding upper respiratory illness. Point estimate was done at 95% confidence interval. Results: Most of the adolescents had limited knowledge about upper respiratory illness, with 167 (85%) not considering it a disease. Self - medication 116 (59%) and reliance on home remedies 110 (56%) were common, while only 39 (20%) opted for antibiotics. Conclusions: There was average knowledge level in adolescents but persistent misconceptions, prevalent self - medication practices, and limited understanding of disease transmission regarding upper respiratory infections.

Adolescents' Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Bullying

Bullying in adolescents is one of the things that can cause negative impacts. Until March 31, 2023 KPAI received 64 complaints of violence at the education level. This study aims to identify adolescents' knowledge and attitudes towards bullying at MTSN 1 Blitar in 2023/2024. The research design used is descriptive. Simple random sampling technique with a sampling of 78 respondents. This research data was collected in February 2024 with questionnaires distributed in the classroom. The results showed that most adolescents had good knowledge 95% (76 people) of 78 respondents because the school implemented Islamic religious learning and counseling learning carried out by the school and most had a positive attitude as much as 83% (65 people) because students applied the results of knowing and understanding of bullying. It is hoped that this research can be used to increase knowledge about bullying behavior and attitudes towards bullying and can be used as input for schools to continue to improve learning and counseling services for adolescent development.

Family-based sexual health intervention for adolescents; A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Family-based interventions are important in promoting adolescent sexual health outcomes. However, the effectiveness of these interventions in promoting adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) in Lower and middle-income countries (LMIC) has not been empirically evaluated. This review aimed to summarise the effectiveness of family-based sexual and reproductive health interventions in promoting ASRH in LMIC. Methods We conducted a systematic search for studies published in English from 2000 to October 2023 using MEDLINE, PsyINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases. Studies were included if they involved adolescents aged 10-19 years, included family members in a key intervention component, evaluated the effectiveness of the interventions using an experimental or quasi-experimental design, assessed ASRH outcomes reported by adolescents and were conducted in LMIC setting. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were computed and meta-analyses were conducted using random effect models. Results Ten articles involving 2,246 participants were included in the review. The studies were nostly conducted in Africa. Across studies, there was no significant impact of family-based interventions in improving adolescent sexual health knowledge (SMD=0.5, 95%CI: -1.98 to 2.98), attitudes (SMD= -0.05, 95%CI: -1.92 to 1.82), practices (SMD=0.53, 95%CI: -0.69 to 1.75), or sexual communication with their family (SMD= 0.14, 95%CI: -0.42 to 0.7). Although individual studies reported a mixed effect of family-based interventions in improving sexual health outcomes, the pooled results from the meta-analysis showed no significant impact of family-based interventions. Conclusions Our review did not find any significant impact of family-based interventions in improving ASRH in LMIC. We recommend interventions using innovative approaches and novel strategies to align with the socio-cultural and economic background of the study setting. Key messages • This study found no significant impact of family-based interventions in improving ASRH in LMIC. • Additional studies, particularly from Asia, using culturally relevant interventions is required in this area.

SEXUALITY EDUCATION AND ITS IMPACT ON ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH KNOWLEDGE IN MANCAR VILLAGE

Adolescence is a critical period of transition marked by biological, psychological, and social changes. This community service program aimed to educate adolescents on reproductive health through sexuality education at the Youth Posyandu in Mancar Village, Jombang. Conducted on June 26, 2024, the program involved 15 adolescent participants. It addressed the lack of knowledge about reproductive health and sought to improve adolescents' understanding and attitudes toward their reproductive well-being. A series of activities, including seminars, discussions, and demonstrations, were held to provide comprehensive information on reproductive health. The results showed a significant increase in the participants' knowledge, with 100% of the adolescents demonstrating a good understanding of reproductive health by the end of the program. This initiative highlighted the importance of open access to reproductive health education for adolescents and encouraged parental involvement in discussing reproductive health topics. The program concluded successfully, with participants actively engaging in the learning process and demonstrating increased awareness of reproductive health issues.

Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMK PGRI 2 Kota Jambi

The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the incidence of anemia in young women at SMK PGRI 2 Jambi City. This research is a quantitative study with a retrospective approach. The population in this study were young women at SMK PGRI 2 Jambi City in 2024 totaling 201 female students and a sample of 67 female students. The data collection technique used random sampling with data analysis using the chi-square test. The results of the study showed that there was no relationship between adolescent knowledge and attitudes and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at SMK PGRI 2 Jambi City.

Factors associated with dementia-related stigma in British adolescents

BackgroundDementia-related stigma is a prominent barrier for people living with dementia, leading to poor well-being and social isolation. Adolescents are an under-researched group in society that may already have experience of dementia and are more susceptible to attitudinal change which makes them ideal targets for anti-stigma initiatives outlined by public health policy. For the development of evidence-based anti-stigma initiatives in adolescents, it is important to understand which socio-demographic groups are most likely to develop stigmatising attitudes and why. This study aims to identify factors of dementia-related stigma in adolescents.MethodsA total of 1,044 adolescents (aged 11–18 years) from across six regions of England were included in the analysis of this cross-sectional, survey-based study. Descriptive statistics and multiple regressions were employed to explore the association between demographic variables, modifiable factors of dementia-related stigma and the outcome of dementia-related stigma. A path analysis via a structural equation model was employed to test for direct and mediatory effects.ResultsMultiple regression models revealed that younger adolescents, those with higher levels of contact with dementia, higher levels of empathy, higher levels of dementia knowledge, and higher affinity to older adults, are associated with more positive dementia attitudes in adolescents (p < 0.05). Within the accepted structural equation model, empathy, level of contact and dementia knowledge were key mediators of dementia-related stigma (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study highlights that modifiable factors such as level of contact, ageism, and empathy have a potentially important role in how dementia-related stigma may start to form in the adolescent years. Developing contact-based strategies that stimulate empathetic responses may be useful targets for stigma reduction initiatives for adolescents.

Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate attitude about menstruation among adolescent girls

Abstract: CONTEXT: Cultural influences promote secrecy, making it difficult for girls to openly discuss menstruation. This further impacts their attitude and emotional well-being. Showing adolescent girls the reality of menstruation would give them a clear understanding of menstruation. AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate attitude about menstruation among Adolescent girls. SETTINGS: Adolescent girls in Belagavi city. DESIGN: Exploratory study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The Adolescent Menstrual Attitude Inventory Questionnaire (AMAI-Q) was developed using a multistep method divided into two phases. Phase I: Concept elicitation, which includes identification of domains and item generation; and expert input, which includes content validation. Phase II: Pilot testing of 11 adolescent girls and reliability calculation using Cronbach’s alpha. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The content validity index of the questionnaire was calculated, and the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. RESULTS: The content validity of the questionnaire was tested using the content validity index, which was found to be 0.911. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and was found to be 0.818, indicating good reliability. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed questionnaire, AMAI-Q is well-validated, easy to administer, and has good reliability. AMAI-Q will be a suitable scale to evaluate attitude about menstruation among adolescent girls.

Effectiveness of 8-Week Exercise Programs in Improving Menstrual Characteristics in Female Adolescents in Saudi Arabia.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 8-week exercise programs (aerobic, stretching, and aerobic plus stretching) in improving menstrual characteristics in female adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, seventy-eight healthy female adolescents aged 12-18 from secondary and high schools in Riyadh participated. Participants were divided into three groups and subjected to different types of exercises (aerobic, stretching, and aerobic plus stretching) for 20-30 min, three times a week. Menstrual pain, stress, and attitudes were assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale, Adolescent Stress Questionnaire Short Version, and Adolescent Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire, respectively. Assessments were conducted before the intervention and after the third menstrual period post-intervention. Results: The aerobic exercise group experienced a significant reduction in the mean length of the menstrual cycle (p = 0.025). The aerobic plus stretching group had the most significant reduction in mean menstrual pain scores (p < 0.0001). Stress scores were significantly reduced in the stretching group (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: We conclude that combining aerobic and stretching exercises significantly reduces menstrual pain, while aerobic exercise decreases menstrual cycle length and pain.

Bladder Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs among US Adolescent Women

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) can have a pronounced impact on adolescent women's overall health and quality of life, both during adolescence and across the life course. Little research has examined adolescent women's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about bladder health and preventing LUTS. This study combines data from two large multi-site focus group studies of individuals born female who identified as women conducted by the Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium. The first study included data from 8 focus groups conducted in 2018 with 44 adolescents aged 11 through 17 years. The second consisted of data from 20 focus groups conducted in 2020 with 123 adolescents aged 13 through 17 years. We used directed content analysis, including deductive and inductive approaches, to explore textual data and identify emergent insights. We present themes that emerged from analyzing coded data related to knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs. Themes included: (1) lack of information about bladder function, leading to limited knowledge, (2) hydration as a healthy behavior, (3) distinguishing healthy versus unhealthy voiding, (4) social and environmental barriers to voiding, and (5) shame and stigma of bladder related behaviors. Our data suggests that adolescent women are aware of healthy and unhealthy behaviors related to bladder health, despite little exposure to formal education about the bladder. Social and environmental factors, including stigma, appear to be primary drivers of adolescents' behaviors around bladder health, suggesting that multi-level socio-ecological prevention interventions are needed to prevent LUTS in this population.

Study of Attitude of Adolescents Towards Sex Education in Relation to Their Achievement Motivation in Hilly Districts of Uttarakhand

The present study was undertaken to investigate the sex attitude of adolescents and its relations (intermediate) school adolescents studying in different schools of Kumaun and gharwal hilly region of uttarakhand by using purposive random sampling techniques from various government and non government managed schools within the age range of 13 to19 years, from urban and rural areas. The finding of the study revealed that there is a significant difference in the sex attitude of the adolescents having high and low achievement motivation respectively. Another finding of the study was there is a significant difference in the sex attitude of the girl and boy adolescents having high and low achievement motivation.

Effect of Reproductive Health Education on Teenagers Through Video Media on Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Sexual Pre-Marriage in SMPN 1 Dente Teladas

Premarital sex is contact between partners of the opposite or same sex, for example holding hands, kissing lips, kissing cheeks, petting, and having intimate relations, which is carried out without the legal ties of marriage according to religion and marriage law. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of reproductive health education on adolescent knowledge and attitudes about premarital sex in junior high school students. The type of research used is experimental research using a pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was 98 students consisting of 49 experimental groups and 49 control groups. Data collection uses a questionnaire. Data analysis used the Wilxocon test. From the research results, it was found that the average knowledge of teenagers before being given education in the intervention group was 5.9 after being given education was 10.7 , in the control group it was 6.1 before and after 7.3 . The average attitude of adolescents before being given education in the intervention group was 23.8 and after being given education was 37.5. in the control group it was 23.9 and after administration in the control group it was 26.8 . There was an influence in the intervention group and the control group after being given and not being given educational video media on adolescent reproductive health on knowledge and attitudes about premarital sex at SMP N 1 Dente Teladas Tulang Bawang Lampung (p-value = 0.000). There was a difference in knowledge between the intervention and control groups of 44.82, while the difference in attitudes between the intervention and control groups was 49.0 (p-value = 0.000). It is hoped that education will be provided on an ongoing basis in schools .

A Closer Look at Students' School Climate Perception: A Case Study of Urban and Rural Ukraine during COVID-19

Aim. This study analyses the impact of adaptive quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic on the perception of school’s social climate by students in more or less urbanised areas. Methods. The data was collected in 2016 (before the pandemic, n=1801) and in 2020 (during the pandemic, n=2038) among randomly selected 9th-grade classes (mean age=14) in a large city (Lviv), a small town (Drohobych), and rural areas (Drohobych raion). Generalised linear regression mixed modelling was applied to assess the impact of gender, location, year of the survey, and for the 2020 - for the quality of coping with the pandemic situation – and the interactive effect of these factors on the variability of school climate perception. Results. Before the pandemic, the acceptability of school climate was the highest in rural areas and the lowest in the city. During the pandemic, it decreased among students from rural areas and increased in towns. Students who perceived COVID-19 pandemic restrictions as more burdensome evaluated their school climate more positively than students who coped well with the pandemic. Conclusion. The impact of the tense pandemic situation on the attitude of adolescents to school was complex and probably reflected the inequality in the education system in urban and rural areas.

Analisis Pengaruh Media Sosial X Terhadap Sikap dan Perilaku Remaja Menggunakan K-Means Clustering

This research aims to analyze the influence of social media X on adolescent attitudes and behavior using the K-means clustering method. Social media has an important role in everyday life, especially among teenagers, who are vulnerable to external influences in shaping their attitudes and behavior. In this study, data was collected through a survey covering aspects such as frequency of use, type of content consumed, and social interactions on the platform. The K-means clustering method is used to group teenagers based on their patterns of social media use and the characteristics of their attitudes and behavior. The results of the analysis show that there are several clusters that indicate a significant relationship between the intensity of use of social media X and changes in teenagers' attitudes and behavior. These findings provide valuable insights for parents, educators, and policy makers in understanding the impact of social media on adolescent development and formulating strategies to mitigate its negative effects.

Rural adolescent attitudes and use of helmets while riding ATVs, motorcycles and dirt bikes

BackgroundHead injuries are the most common cause of death in some motorized vehicles for which helmet use can significantly decrease the risk. Our objective was to determine rural adolescents’ attitudes regarding helmets and their use while riding ATVs, motorcycles and dirt bikes.MethodsA convenience sample of 2022 Iowa FFA (formerly Future Farmers of America) Leadership Conference attendees were surveyed. After compilation, data were imported into the statistical program, R (https://www.R-project.org/). Descriptive statistics, contingency table, logistic regression and non-parametric alternatives to ANOVA analyses were performed.Results1331 adolescents (13–18 years) participated. One half lived on a farm, 21% lived in the country/not on a farm and 28% were from towns. Nearly two-thirds (65%) owned an ATV with 77% of all having ridden one in the past year. Farm residents had the highest ATV ownership (78%) and having ridden (80%) proportions, both p < 0.001. Overall, ownership and ridership for motorcycles (22% and 30%, respectively) and dirt bikes (29% and 39%, respectively) was significantly less than ATVs, all p < 0.001. Of ATV riders, those living on farms or in the country/not on a farm rode them more frequently than those from towns, p < 0.001. Higher percentages always/mostly wore helmets when riding dirt bikes (51%) and motorcycles (57%) relative to ATVs (21%), p < 0.001. Those from farms had lower proportions wearing helmets versus those living elsewhere for all vehicles. Helmet use importance ratings (1–10, 10 high) were not different for motorcycles (mean 8.6, median 10) and dirt bikes (mean 8.3, median 10), but much lower for ATVs (mean 6.1, median 6). Females, non-owners, and helmet law supporters all had higher helmet use importance ratings. Males, those from farms, and owners and riders of the vehicles all had lower proportions that supported helmet laws. Support for helmet laws was significantly lower for ATVs (30.7%) than dirt bikes (56.3%) or motorcycles (72.3%), both p < 0.001. Those whose families had strict ATV “No Helmet, No Riding” rules had much higher helmet use and helmet importance ratings.ConclusionsOur study indicates that the safety culture surrounding helmet use is relatively poor among rural adolescents, especially on farms, and deserves targeted interventions.