Administrative Aspects Research Articles

Variation Exists in Service Delivery: Similarities and Differences in the Provision of a Whole Genome Sequencing Service for Paediatric Rare Disease Patients in the English National Health Service.

The English National Health Service (NHS) is the first to offer whole genome sequencing (WGS) as part of standard care. As a high-income country with a universal healthcare system, England contributes a valuable perspective to global developments in WGS. We used an implementation science approach with mixed methods to characterise delivery of WGS for paediatric rare diseases. Observations and field notes of consent appointments in clinical genetics and mainstream settings and follow-up qualitative semi-structured interviews with the clinical team. Process maps were developed for each department to identify similarities and variations between sites, and thematic analysis of interview data to understand barriers and facilitators. Data collection occurred in 12 departments (7 genetic, 3 neurology, 1 cardiology and 1 general paediatric) across 7 NHS Trusts. 26 observations of 21 healthcare professionals were conducted, alongside 19 follow-up interviews. Two master maps were developed - one for clinical genetics and one for the mainstream. We identified 11 steps involved in delivering WGS, including 9 variations and 9 similarities. We identified most variation in the processes related to the 'who', 'when', 'how' and 'where' as these were aspects that could be adapted to fit into the specific set-up of the department. Barriers included reluctance to uptake in the mainstream and difficulties tracking samples. Recommendations include developing SOPs and hiring healthcare professionals responsible for facilitating consent alongside administrative aspects. These would reduce the burden on clinical geneticists and improve turnaround times as well as contribute to streamlining and standardisation of the service.

НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СЕМЕЙНЫХ ФОРМ АГРАРНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА

In modern conditions, the issues of ensuring the effective functioning of small forms of economic activity are of great importance for the effective functioning of rural areas in social and economic and administrative aspects. In this regard, there is a need to substantiate effective models of economic activity for family forms of agricultural production. These issues are especially relevant for new regions of the Russian Federation. In the course of the study, it was established that peasant farms of Zaporozhye region, included in the cooperative, are differentiated by commodity. Representatives of the commodity group are the least numerous, but they use more than 50% of the total area of agricultural land. In order to improve the efficiency of using the resource potential, increase the number of commodity-type farms and improve the level of well-being of their members, it was proposed to optimize the structure of land use. The proposed land use structure is as follows: cherries - 48%, apricots - 15%, other fruits - 7%, potatoes - 21%, tomatoes - 5%, other crops - 4% of the total volume of agricultural land. Practical implementation of the proposed recommendations will reduce labor costs by 32.7%, but at the same time financial costs increase by 71.4%. Reducing the labor intensity of agricultural production increases the attractiveness of this model for family forms of farming. According to the research results, an increase in the conditional level of profitability by 269 points, as well as the level of family income by 16.2% is noted, which proves the social effect of the implementation of this project for residents of rural areas. A scientifically substantiated model of mutually beneficial cooperation of family forms of agricultural production is an incentive for their participation in the activities of cooperative integration entities.

Administrative Aspects of Molecular Diagnostics-Oversight, Regulatory Approval Process, Clinical and Operational Workflows, and Payment Models.

This paper discusses the administrative aspects of molecular diagnostics in oncology, including US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversight, the regulatory approval process, clinical, and operational workflows, and payment models. Comprehensive molecular testing is important to deliver optimal oncology care and improve patient outcomes. Despite the potential benefits of testing, utilization remains low. The FDA regulatory approval process is reviewed for in vitro diagnostic products, which includes classification into three regulatory classes on the basis of risk. Companion diagnostic devices are used to guide treatment decisions. The clinical and operational challenges associated with molecular testing in oncology are also discussed, including the rapidly evolving landscape of precision oncology, the wide range of biomarker testing options, and complexities of test ordering, interpretation, and result delivery. There is a need for a multifaceted support approach involving education, technology enhancements, and workflow support to overcome these challenges. In terms of payment models, coverage policies between Medicare and commercial payers are compared with differences in coverage criteria, with Medicare focusing on FDA approval or clearance, whereas commercial payers consider additional factors such as National Comprehensive Cancer Network and ASCO guidelines. Commercial payers tend to cover smaller panels on the basis of guideline-recommended biomarkers, whereas coverage for broad tumor profiling is limited. Several strategies can increase the utilization of molecular testing, including integrating test results into electronic medical record platforms, standardizing billing practices, increasing clinical trials, and primary literature supporting the use of molecular testing, educating physicians, and using tumor boards for result interpretation and treatment discussions.

Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Terhadap Masyarakat Adat Yang Melakukan Eksploitasi Di Wilayah Pesisir

Introduction: Environmental law enforcement is one of the processes carried out to provide legal certainty. In principle, indigenous peoples always carry out exploitation in coastal areas, so law enforcement is needed so that it can run optimally, where this experiences obstacles in the process and causes environmental law enforcement to not run effectively.Purposes of the Research: To find out the enforcement of environmental law against indigenous communities who exploit coastal areas and the obstacles in enforcing environmental law for indigenous communities in coastal areas.Methods of the Research: The method used in this study is normative- juridical, which focuses on the main law by examining theories, concepts, legal principles, and laws and regulations related to this research.Results of the Research: Environmental law enforcement can run well through criminal, administrative and civil aspects. Enforcing environmental laws for indigenous communities against exploitation in coastal areas has become very difficult. This is influenced by legal factors, law enforcement, facilities and infrastructure, society and culture itself. These five factors are one of the things that causes environmental law enforcement to not run optimally. For this reason, there must be cooperation between regional governments and law enforcement in order to prevent prolonged exploitation and cause marine areas to become damaged and not well controlled, so that regional governments must coordinate with stakeholders in the regions, in this case the environmental services and village governments. locally to follow up on problems in coastal areas resulting from sand and coral mining by indigenous communities.

ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB TERJADINYA (CCO) PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN TEMPAT KULINER DAN POS JAGA TAMAN KOTA DENPASAR

In implementing construction projects, problems are often faced, one of which is the occurrence of changes. This cannot be avoided on most projects due to the uniqueness of each project and limited time and costs in the planning process. For this reason, adjustments need to be made and this often results in changes in costs and changes in project implementation time. In turn, adjustments made must also be accommodated in administrative and contractual aspects in the form of a Contract Change Order (CCO). The aim of this research was to determine the factors that cause CCO, and to find out the factors that cause CCO that are most dominant in the implementation of construction projects for culinary establishments and park guard posts in the city of Denpasar. This research uses a quantitative descriptive method, where there are 41 factors that cause CCO. The data analysis method was carried out using the cut off point method. The results of the research show that there are 33 factors that cause CCO in the construction of culinary establishments and guard posts identified from the results of literature studies, interviews and questionnaires with 30 respondents, and the most dominant factors that cause CCO are found to be 11 factors out of 33 factors- The most dominant factor causing CCO. Of the 11 factors, the highest average value is in variable X41, namely changes in quality and material specifications of 3.87 and the lowest is in variable.

Factors Related to the Implementation of Facilitation Policies in the Prevention, Eradication, and Countermeasures of Narcotics Abuse and Illicit Trafficking (P4GN) by the North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency (BNN)

Effective policy implementation is crucial in combating drug abuse and trafficking, influenced by various complex factors beyond technical and administrative aspects. These factors include the policy's size and objectives, communication, resources, disposition, characteristics of implementing agents, and social conditions. This study, focused on the National Narcotics Agency (BNN) in North Sumatra Province, employs a cross-sectional design involving 70 respondents through total sampling. Using structured questionnaires, multivariate analysis identifies the policy’s size and objectives as significantly impactful, with a value of 12,821 times. In conclusion, refining and optimizing policy size and objectives, enhancing communication, ensuring resources, fostering positive dispositions, and aligning agents' characteristics with policy goals are recommended for effective implementation. Further research should explore specific optimization strategies and the dynamic interaction of factors in drug policy implementation.

Assessing contextual factors influencing scale-up: a interactive approach involving stakeholders

Abstract Issue Pilot interventions are not always put into practice at scale. When they are, effectiveness is often highly reduced in the field due to contextual factors. To effectively implement a scale-up, stakeholders’ involvement is crucial. Curema is an international research evaluating an intervention aiming to reduce malaria transmission by distributing RDTs and treatments in mobile hard-to-reach populations. This intervention might be scaled-up in Brazil, Suriname, and French Guiana as a tool of national malaria programs for specific areas and populations. Description of the problem An interactive pre-planning assessment was conducted involving key stakeholders -implementers, decision-makers, and researchers - in working sessions, semi-structured interviews, and formal meetings. Mendelow’s Power/Interest Matrix was used to map stakeholders and a SWOT analysis was conducted using ExpandNet/WHO Framework to evaluate contextual factors and identify levers and obstacles influencing the scale-up. Results A total of 23 participants were involved. Health authorities had high power and generally high interest, while implementers and recipients had lower power and different interest levels. National engagement for WHO E2025 or E2030 enhanced scalability and represented a main opportunity in the three countries. Nevertheless, several regulatory and administrative aspects were identified as potential obstacles to be addressed to make scale-up realistic. Funding was also a major concern for sustainability. The need for regional cooperation was emphasized to achieve malaria elimination. Lessons Despite financial and regulatory challenges, a window of opportunity is open to scale-up Curema. Identifying and involving stakeholders in a pre-planning assessment and advocating for foster regional cooperation are crucial steps to support the scale-up. Stakeholder analysis should be refined during the scaling-up to capture further changes in factors that might influence the process. Key messages • Engagements with WHO represent windows of opportunity to enhance Curema scale-up. • Stakeholder involvement and regional cooperation are crucial for scaling up Curema in Brazil, French Guiana and Suriname.

Penerapan Teknologi Informasi untuk Mendorong Kemandirian Desa di Era Digital

Village independence is one of the priorities in national development, especially in improving the welfare of rural communities. Information technology (IT) has an important role in speeding up this process, especially in the current digital era. This research aims to implement the application of information technology to encourage village independence, both in economic, administrative and social aspects. The method used is a case study in Village X, with a qualitative approach through interviews, observation and documentation analysis. The research results show that the application of IT, such as village information systems, local e-commerce, and web-based administration applications, is able to increase the efficiency of public services, expand market access for village products, and increase participation in village development communities. Thus, the correct application of IT can be an important pillar in realizing independent villages in the digital era.

Educational Institution Administration Using the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy under the Jurisdiction of the Chaiyaphum Provincial Learning Promotion Office

Background and Aims: Education is an important factor that helps develop the people and the nation in every aspect. The Ministry of Education therefore has a policy to develop every educational institution to be able to carry out teaching and learning according to the philosophy of sufficiency economy. Focusing on quality and sustainable development so that the educational institution can be a learning center according to the aforementioned philosophy. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a model for organizing learning activities and school administration in line with the philosophy of the sufficiency economy. This research has three objectives: (1) A study of educational institution administration using the philosophy of sufficiency economy in educational institutions under the Chaiyaphum Provincial Learning Promotion Office. (2) Comparison of educational institution administration using the philosophy of sufficiency economy in educational institutions under the Chaiyaphum Provincial Learning Promotion Office. And (3) a study of guidelines for developing educational institution administration using the philosophy of sufficiency economy in educational institutions under the Chaiyaphum Provincial Learning Promotion Office. Methodology: The research sample consisted of 280 school administrators and teachers under the Chaiyaphum Provincial Learning Promotion Office. The research tools were questionnaires and interviews. which is a 5-level rating scale. The reliability value was 0.90 and the consistency value (IOC) was in the range of 0.8 to 1.00 for basic statistics used in data analysis, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Statistics used in hypothesis testing include T-test, F-test, and Scheffe's Method. Results: The results of the research found that (1) the administration of educational institutions using the philosophy of sufficiency economy under the Office of Learning Promotion, Chaiyaphum Province Overall it is at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that all aspects of educational institution administration using the philosophy of Sufficiency Economy were at a high level. The side with the highest average is Academic administration. (2) Comparative analysis of educational institution administration using the philosophy of sufficiency economy classified by position Education level and experience in performing budget work, it was found that: 1) Management of educational institutions using the philosophy of sufficiency economy classified by position overall there is no difference. 2) School administration using the philosophy of sufficiency economy. classified by educational level, it was found that overall, there were differences. 3) School administration using the philosophy of sufficiency economy categorized by work experience, it was found that those with less than 3 years of management experience, 3 – 5 years, and more than 5 years had statistically significantly different opinions. (3) Guidelines for developing educational institution administration using the philosophy of sufficiency economy under the Chaiyaphum Provincial Learning Promotion Office. Divided into each area, including general administration, budget management and academic administration. Conclusion: School administrators and teachers are aware of the importance of school administration using the philosophy of Sufficiency Economy. Under the Chaiyaphum Provincial Learning Promotion Office, there are clear operating procedures. There is coordination and cooperation both inside and outside the educational institution, all sectors, communities and related agencies. Applied in educational operations efficient administration of educational institutions using the philosophy of sufficiency economy according to the context of each educational institution. It will cause the promotion and development of students with good results, being accepted and trusted by the community and society, showing the potential of the educational institution in terms of educational institution administration.

The Student Affairs Management by Educational Institution Administrators under the Jurisdiction of the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office

Background and Aims: The objectives of this research are as follows: 1) to study and compare student affairs administration of educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position Education level and the size of the educational institution. 2) To compare student affairs administration among educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position education level and the size of the educational institution. And 3) to study guidelines for developing student affairs administration among educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Methodology: The sample in this research consisted of 331 school administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined according to Krejci and Morgan's table. Using the stratified random sampling method. The research tools consisted of a questionnaire with 5 rating scales and an interview form. Which has a consistency index between 0.80 - 1.00 and a confidence value for the entire questionnaire equal to 0.89. For data analysis, statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used, as t-tests and F-tests. Results: The results of the research found that: (1) the level of student affairs administration of educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Overall and in each aspect are at a high level. (2) Comparison of opinions regarding student affairs administration among school administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position Education level and the size of the educational institution It was found that overall and in each aspect there were no differences. (3) Guidelines for promoting the development of student affairs administration for educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office, consisting of 6 areas: 1) promoting guidance activities in educational institutions, 2) promotion of health, sports and recreation, 3) promotion of boy scouts, girl guides, and red cross youth activities, 4) promotion of democratic activities and student discipline, 5) promoting and developing student councils to strengthen student and youth organizations in educational institutions; and 6) promoting the protection of children's and youth's rights. Conclusion: According to the findings, Bueng Kan school administrators perform well in all aspects of student affairs administration, with no significant differences based on position, education level, or institution size. It also outlines six key strategies for improving student affairs: promoting guidance, health, and recreational activities, developing leadership skills through scouting and democratic initiatives, strengthening student councils, and protecting children's rights.

Evaluasi Kepatuhan Pelaku Usaha Petis Ikan HSN terhadap Sistem Jaminan Produk Halal (SJPH) di Konang Galis Kabupaten Pamekasan

In Pamekasan, many small and medium businesses have received halal certificates, but still have difficulty implementing SJPH in a sustainable manner. Many business actors do not fully understand that halal certification is not just a symbol, but is a system that needs to be implemented continuously and monitored closely. They often focus on the administrative aspects of certification, and ignore the importance of practice in daily activities. This research aims to determine the efforts of HSN fish paste business actors UMK in Pamekasan Regency in ensuring compliance with SJPH and evaluating compliance with SJPH implementation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative research method, where the process of searching for data is through observation, interviews and documentation techniques. This method was chosen so that the research data is in-depth and comprehensive regarding the evaluation of HSN fish paste business actors' compliance with the Halal Product Guarantee System (SJPH). This research involved 4 fish paste business actors. The findings of this research show that HSN fish paste business actors are trying hard to implement SJPH, even though there are obstacles that hinder its effectiveness. However, there are weaknesses in supervision, internal auditing, and employee training. There needs to be more structured action to achieve optimal SJPH compliance and strengthen consumer trust.

Mechanisms of state regulation of the sphere of financial services to ensure sustainable development of Ukraine in the context of national security: Public administration aspects

The article makes an attempt of conceptual comprehension of state of the art in the field of public administration mechanisms for the regulation of financial services sphere in the context of sustainable development as an important element of national security. The case of Ukraine is taken as a reference point, considered in comparative plane on the background of cases of the U.S., EU, and ASEAN. The core drawbacks, lags, and challenges in Ukrainian financial regulation sphere are outlined, and the areas of potential improvement are suggested.

Causes and consequences of intellectual migration of human capital in the context of national security: Public administrative aspect

The article considers theoretical and practical approaches to processes of the international intellectual migration and investigates modern processes of this phenomenon, their feature, the precondition and the reason at the present. The special attention is given to the role of intellectual migration of human capital on the landscape of national security of countries. It is shown that although the problem of intellectual migration of human capital, “brain drain”, previously attracted economists and sociologists, today it is in the center of attention of political scientists and researchers of international relations. The relationship between intellectual migration of human capital and soft power is considered.Potential vectors of public administration combatting negative consequences of intellectual migration of human capital within the plane of national security.

How Practice Ready are We? Attitude among Fresh Dental Graduates Regarding Dental Practice Management in India

Background Dental practice management encompasses the administrative and operational aspects of running a dental office efficiently. Fostering dental practice management skills which are tailored to the current social needs will aid the practitioner to be more competent and successful.  Aim The aim of this study is to assess the attitude among fresh dental graduates regarding dental practice management.  Materials and Methods This survey was conducted among 207 interns, fresh dental graduates, and postgraduate students of various dental specialties. The study tool was a questionnaire, consisting of basic demographics and 11 questions, to assess participant’s attitude on dental practice management. Data collection was done using Google forms circulating through social media platforms and the first 207 to submit fully answered questionnaire were included in the study. The data was then statistically analyzed.  Conclusion Mean age of the study population was 26±2.58. Majority of the study population (80.7%) felt that dental practice management was equally important as clinical skill for a successful dental practice and thought it would be helpful if there were guidelines for dental practice management in India. Our study findings indicate need for reforms in dental curriculum and training in this area.

“Turks, Tatars and Russians in the 13th–16th centuries”: exploring the interaction across Eurasia

Research objectives: This article, through the review of István Vásáry’s book, published in 2023 as part of the Variorum Collected Studies Series (digital) by Taylor & Francis, aims to explore the interactions among Turks, Tatars, and Russians within the Eurasian region, as well as their broader political, economic, and cultural influences. Research results and scientific novelty: The book that forms the basis of this article consists of a total of 21 articles by the Hungarian author published in different years, including the revised and translated English version of two articles previously published in Russian. This work of Vásáry, a veteran researcher in the field of Turkic, Mongolian, and Tatar history, as well as Turcology, explores the interaction among societies spanning vast territories from the Steppes to the Balkans and further across Eastern Europe. It exposes with great skill the political, military, administrative, social, economic, diplomatic, religious, linguistic, literary and cultural aspects of the interaction in question through specific case studies and facts. This view is a challenge to the general one that ignores the contributions of the people in the mentioned territories to world civilization. From this aspect, this book beckons scholars to reevaluate historical documents not merely as repositories of the past, but also as critical lenses through which to discern and interpret contemporary realities.

The Discourse of Decentralization in Thailand: A Study of Political, Administrative, and Financial Aspects

The decentralization process in Thailand has been shaped by political history, economic policies, and institutional changes, but remains hindered by a centralized authority and entrenched patrimonial culture. Despite post-1997 reforms aimed at enhancing local democracy, decentralization efforts have faced challenges from political instability, limited resources, and national reluctance to relinquish control. This research employs critical discourse analysis to examine how political, administrative, and financial discourses affect power dynamics, social structures, and governance. Findings reveal ongoing struggles between national and local entities, reflecting broader societal attitudes. The study underscores the need for innovative legal and institutional reforms to address regional disparities, promote good governance, and foster equitable development in Thailand.

THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE FIRST DEPUTY SPEAKER OF THE IRAQI COUNCIL OF REPRESENTATIVES

The legal status of the First Deputy Speaker of the Iraqi Council of Representatives, or as it is called (member of the Presidency), is considered one of the essential sovereign positions in the structure of the government system due to its impact on decision-making, whether in the legislative, administrative or even political aspects. Despite this, the texts regulating this position were ambiguous and unclear, in addition to the lack of a unified direction in the directions of the Federal Supreme Court in this direction. Also, defining the tasks and duties of the First Deputy Speaker of the Council of Representatives is essential, especially in cases where the presence of the president is impossible, as he is the one who replaces him in this case. The lack of studies in this aspect also made us search for it to clarify the tasks and duties of this crucial sovereign position. Therefore, we studied the legal status of the First Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives in terms of the conditions for nomination and election and his role in the legislative and administrative aspects of the House of Representatives. Then, we provided a set of results and recommendations that will benefit researchers in the field of specialization.

بولی اورزبان: اردو کے سیاق میں تجزیہ

The initial level of language is called dialect, which helps in maintaining and maintaining daily activities, business transactions, and social relations. The majority of people depend on it. Language derives its energy from local dialects. The range of language is wide and dialect is limited. There can be many dialects in a language area, but there cannot be many languages in a dialect area. Language is the queen of expressing every concept and feeling. Language covers educational, administrative, judicial, political and literary aspects. Script is necessary for language. Due to writing, language documents are preserved and the vocabulary is also increasing day by day. Dialect is mainly verbal expression. However, it is not necessary that every dialect is devoid of writing. Normally its written forms appear in private letters and folk literature.

이공계 고급인재 유학생의 한국어 학습의 필요성에 대한 고찰

[Purpose] Increasing population movements between countries have made the challenges of cultural diversity and multicultural coexistence a major social issue. This study examined the satisfaction of highly talented international students in Korea and some of the difficulties they face in the adaptation process. [Methods] This study explored the experiences of high-performing international students at a South Korean university, specifically examining differences in satisfaction between the students that learned some Korean and those that did not. A t-test analysis of survey responses from 852 students revealed some significant disparities between the two groups. [Results] While both groups reported similar levels of satisfaction with the academic and administrative aspects of university life, the members of the Korean-learning group exhibited significantly higher satisfaction and far fewer difficulties in their personal lives than the non-learning group. Specifically, Korean learners cited higher levels of satisfaction with regards to health, safety, and daily life in general, and less difficulty in adapting to life in Korea. [Conclusion] These findings highlight the importance of language proficiency in fostering successful adaptation and facilitating greater understanding, empathy, and adaptability among international students. Ultimately, the results of the study suggest that language acquisition can contribute to more harmonious and inclusive multiculturalism in the host society, and in Korea this carries implications for the importance of supporting Korean language learning among international students and other foreign residents.

The concepts of a deportee and deportation in Lithuanian during the period of Soviet occupation: legal, ideological, administrative and social aspects

The subject of the article is the phenomenon of population transfer organized by the Soviets – deportations. The aim is to analyse and deconstruct the concepts of a deportee, deportation and exile using insights and methods of different scientific disciplines (sociology, history, law). The phenomenon of Soviet deportations is viewed from the perspective of a variety of sources and through examination of different source groups: Soviet sources of criminal law, administrative documents of the Lithuanian Communist Party, criminal court files and files of deportees, diaries and memoirs of the deportees themselves. The main question raised by the article is whether the legal status and actual situation of a deportee differed from that of a political prisoner. Could there a strict distinction be drawn between these two groups of repressed people in the Soviet system? In what circumstances the legal and factual situation of a “deportee” and “political offender” was similar?