Administration Of Sodium Chloride Solution Research Articles

Effect of moxibustion on Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rats with diminished ovarian reserve

To observe the effect of moxibustion on Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rats with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), and to explore the protective mechanism of moxibustion on ovarian reserve function. Forty SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a moxibustion group and a hormone group, 10 rats in each group. The rats in the model group, moxibustion group and hormone group were treated with intragastric administration of tripterysium glycosides turbid liquid to prepare DOR model. The rats in the blank group were treated with intragastric administration of sodium chloride solution with the same volume, once a day for 14 days. The rats in the hormone group were treated with hormone sequential therapy for 14 days from the day of modeling; the rats in the moxibustion group were treated with moxibustion at bilateral "Shenshu" (BL 23) or "Guanyuan" (CV 4) and "Zhongwan" (CV 12) from the day of modeling, and the two groups acupoints were alternated every other day, 10 min each time, for 14 consecutive days. The estrus cycle was observed every day by vaginal exfoliated cell smear, and the estrus cycle disorder rate in each group was calculated. After the intervention, the HE staining was used to observe the histological morphology of ovaries; ELISA was used to detect the contents of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), anti Mullerian hormone (AMH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA); the protein levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 in ovarian tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry; real-time PCR (TaqMan probe method) was used to detect the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA. Compared with the blank group, the rate of estrus cycle disorder in the model group was increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the rate of estrus cycle disorder in the moxibustion group and hormone group was decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the serum contents of FSH, LH and MDA in the model group were increased (P<0.01), and the serum contents of E2, AMH and SOD were decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the serum contents of FSH, LH and MDA in the moxibustion group and hormone group were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the serum contents of E2, AMH and SOD were increased (P<0.01). Compared with the blank group, the protein and mRNA expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the model group were decreased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the protein and mRNA expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the moxibustion group and hormone group were increased (P<0.01). Moxibustion could reduce the rate of estrus cycle disorder, improve the level of serum sex hormones and antioxidant stress in DOR rats, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

TRANSPLACENTAL HYPONATREMIA IN THE NEWBORN INFANT

When hyponatremia occurs in the mother in the intrapartum period, the infant may be found to be hyponatremic after delivery. Such infants are symptomatic and appear to benefit from specific therapy. Four cases are reported in which mothers with a low serum sodium level were delivered of infants with symptoms of hyponatremia and who were found to have a low level of serum sodium. These infants improved after the administration of sodium chloride solutions. The prevention and management of the disorder are implicit with the recognition of the disorder.

Transplacental hyponatremia in the newborn infant: Report of 4 cases

When hyponatremia occurs in the mother in the intrapartum period, the infant may be found to be hyponatremic after delivery. Such infants are symptomatic and appear to benefit from specific therapy. Four cases are reported in which mothers with a low serum sodium level were delivered of infants with symptoms of hyponatremia and who were found to have a low level of serum sodium. These infants improved after the administration of sodium chloride solutions. The prevention and management of the disorder are implicit with the recognition of the disorder.

Serum and urinary potassium in surgical patients.

THE IMPORTANCE of potassium in the management of surgical patients has been recognized only in the last few years. While some of the indications for potassium therapy in surgical patients are now definitely established, there is lack of agreement on whether or not parenteral potassium therapy should be used in cases showing minor degrees of depression of the serum potassium levels and on whether or not potassium should be added routinely to the fluids given parenterally in major surgical cases. It has been shown that there is a negative potassium balance incidental to surgical operation, 1 and other forms of stress, 2 accounted for only in part by catabolic loss. It has also been demonstrated that the intravenous administration of fluids in itself leads to increased potassium loss. Stewart and Rourke 3 and others have shown that this potassium loss is greater with the administration of sodium chloride solution than