Public Administration Affairs Research Articles

Democracy and Administration of Social Justice in Nigeria: A Critical Assessment of the Fourth Republic

This study examined democracy and administration of social justice in Nigerian fourth republic. The aim of the study was to critically assess how Nigeria’s democracy and administration of social justice has fared in bringing about the much-craved people-oriented development in the fourth republic. The study is documentary research which employed content analytical approach in analysing secondary data; with “John Rawls Theory of Justice” employed as its model of analysis. One of the most worrisome challenges of Nigeria’s relay-race towards development has been the inability of Nigeria’s political system to adhere to social justice in administration of public affairs. The study found that Nigeria’s democratized fourth republic is infested with obscene social injustice and inequality in power sharing, government decisions on citing of industries, infrastructural development, with lopsidedness in the recruitment/appointment of public office holders which has been exclusively Northern region skewed. The study reveals that the “Federal Character Principle” etched into the 1999 Constitution to address inherent cleavages of inequalities has been thrown overboard, as a particular ethnic group has seized power at the peril of development of all others. The implications of an abused democracy and social justice system are not just deleterious to the citizens today, but more so for generations to come in terms of sustainable development. The paper therefore calls on the Nigerian government to learn, embrace and practice the intrinsic operational principles of an ideal democracy that seeks to promote justice, equity, accountability, respect for fundamental human rights, rule of law and other good governance values that would usher Nigeria into a higher development trajectory.

Islamic fundamentalism (Read on the paths of formation and dimensioning the future)

Islamic fundamentalism is no longer a phenomenon that only Islamic societies knew or belongs to a specific society, but it exceeded the local and international dimensions, and despite the concept's modernity, the emergence of its mechanisms and effects is considered a contemporary intellectual phenomenon that has its internal or international causes or dimensions (political, religious, social, psychological). It was coupled with many radical and extremist concepts after its principles and intellectual sources were adopted from these concepts, despite the fact that some fundamentalist movements differed from each other in terms of goals, generations, discourse and communications.
 The confusion between fundamentalism and terrorism requires careful distinction between them and also requires and requires multidimensional treatments (intellectually, religiously, politically .......) and by rebuilding religious institutions so that they can carry out their functions or address the critically enlightened processes of transforming concepts and restoring reason and guidance To the administration of public affairs

Public Administration: An Islamic Sufi Approach

Along with comparing public administration affairs in traditional political, genuinely religious, patrimonial, and charismatic systems, we deal with decision-making problem, and along with mentioning decision-making methods in modern mathematics, the decision making process on the basis of personal value system will be under considerations. If the human beings’ value system moves from caring material affairs towards concerning spiritualties, the consequences of decision-making process would be improved. In establishing management and making hierarchical organization, the more the rate of discipline and ration, the organization framework would become more consolidated. The basic skeleton of an organization includes division of labor, authority, and responsibility, hierarchical relationships of different job categories in the organization, and the qualifications of relationships are of the other items that are being considered in this paper. Mutual understandings and beliefs of members of the organization in approaching organizational goals and their moral commitments to preserve organization's benefits would reduce the costs of supervision and control in organizations including visible and invisible costs, and methods for providing these conditions in Sufism are achieved via purification of the self for every single of the individuals. Meritocracy and favoritism are other discussed topics in this paper. In conclusion, fifty rules for public administration affairs are presented which have been raised by His Excellency Haj Zein ul-Abedin Shirvani, a Sufi Master of two centuries ago.

Explaining Local Self-Government Reorganisation in Croatia

This article deals with changes to the system of local and regional self-government in Croatia between 2003 and 2017. For the most part, reform efforts, excluding some positive developments with regard to the promotion of the democratic principles of governance, have not been successful. The article addresses the question of how to theoretically account for these changes. The aim is to offer an understanding of reform failure by focussing on the preceding processes. The article begins by establishing that reform efforts in the existing literature on Croatian local- and middle-level government reorganisation have predominantly been explained either by means of the rational-instrumental perspective or the power and conflict perspective. The former argues that reorganisation outcomes are a product of rational decision-makers, who in the early 1990s and afterwards sought to, for one reason or another, establish centralistic administration of public affairs. The latter, on the other hand, proposes that the current local- and middle-level government structure is a direct reflection of the power structure of the current constellation of political actors. The article goes on to suggest that, at least in part, changes made to the system can be attributed to the garbage can model of decision-making. This is due to the fact that participation in the decision-making arena throughout this period was fluid, the decision-makers’ attention scarce and their goals ambiguous, and the definitions of the problems unclear.

FUNGSI FORUM KOORDINASI PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH (FORKOPIMDA) DALAM SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA

Local government together with the Regional Perwakuilan Rakyat (DPRD) held local government and assisted by elements of regional tools related to the implementation of the affairs that become the authority of local government. In the implementation of regional government elements of local government together with the Regional People's Legislative Assembly to organize local government and assisted by elements of regional tools related to the implementation of the affairs that become the authority of local government. In certain matters, the local government is assisted by other elements such as vertical institutions in the region, in the form of the administration of public affairs and other residual matters. In this regard, in Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, a forum called the Coordination Forum for Regional Leaders or shortened with FORKOPIMDA should be established. FORKOPIMDA formerly called this element of deliberation of regional leadership or abbreviated with MUSPIDA. in carrying out its function FORKOPIMDA still find various problems, such as budgetary sources, management FORKOPIMDA, organizational structure, and so forth. The Regional Leadership Coordination Forum was established based on Law Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government. Historically the Regional Leadership Coordination Forum was in the form of a Regional Leadership Council or abbreviated as MUSPIDA, the function of Forkopimda is to support the implementation of general government affairs by local governments Activities associated with FORKOPIMDA are funded through the State Budget and Expenditure Budget. It is suggested to the government to immediately issue a government regulation on FORKOPIMDA. It is recommended to Provincial and District / City region to take initiative in tackling the cost of organizing general government affairs. It is advisable to the government to immediately issue a government regulation on FORKOPIMDA and to Provincial and District / City Offices.

The Legal-Theoretical Terms of Citizen Participation in the Administration of Public Affairs in the Slovak Republic

Abstract The level of development of every country is reflected in constitutional regulation and consequent laws that regulate citizens’ rights to participate in the administration of public affairs. The Constitution of the Slovak Republic and related constitutional laws establish the democratic and constitutional basis of the legal state of the Slovak Republic. The establishment of the Slovak Republic in 1993 required reformulating and enacting all rights and symbols of the state. The principle “the state’s power derives from the citizens” is embedded in the Constitution. However, doubts are currently being raised as to whether the citizens participate in the administration of public affairs in the estimated range and in the appropriate manner as it is embedded in the Constitution of the Slovak Republic. The scope of the article is extensive, due to the character of the selected problems. This also affected the main goal of the article. Since the aim is considerably large, it was necessary to define several partial objectives. At the same time, it was desirable to examine other indicators that contributed to the main aim. The aim of the article was to summarize, analyze and categorize the available facts about the legal-theoretical terms for the participation of citizens in public life in the conditions of the Slovak Republic, as well as within the EU.

Legislative administration of public affairs aid in the field of human consumption as the instrument of the state policy

The article analyzes normative documents according to which economic incentives can become state aid, ways of developing European and national policies that allow the allocation of state aid for environmental protection and protected areas, and the promotion of biodiversity conservation on legal grounds. Keywords: state aid, environmental land use, ecological tax, biodiversity conservation, protected areas.

Some of the Theoretical Basis of Local Self-Government in the Czech Republic

AbstractIn the valid legislation of the Czech Republic, we do not find a clear and completely unambiguous definition of the concept of “self-government”. Nonetheless, it is an institute traditionally used and with content defined in a particular way by the theory of administrative law or administrative science in the context of the division of public administration into state administration and self-government. Self-government usually refers to public administration (i.e. administration of public affairs) carried out by public law bodies other than the state. These public law bodies are most often public corporations, which perform specific tasks within territorial self-government, professional self-government and interest group self-government. The aim of the paper is to provide an interpretation of the theoretical and legislative definition of the concept of self-government and specifically to focus on territorial self-government. In processing the paper and fulfilling the set goal, the authors will primarily use scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, description, explanation and comparison. Based on the presentation and analysis of theoretical opinions on the issue, the applicable legislation of territorial self-government and insights from public law-related practice, the authors conclude that it is appropriate to consider a more detailed (yet open) definition of self-governing tasks of municipalities and regions in the future.

Energy in Public Administration - Between Human Rights and Efficient Administration

This paper explores recent notions in public administration, which are intertwined and addressed to the administration of public affairs. On this basis it demonstrates that content of legal system is filled through the static legal principles and rules, but they receive their real content through the informal practices and conditions of the human mind. The paper concludes that discussed notions could have only one name, because they all are the synonyms of reciprocal relation between the human dignity and efficient administration.

Results of the interrelation of some financial powers of the state bodies of the general and special financial competence

Problem Setting. In the article some financial powers of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine and the National Bank of Ukraine in their interrelation with each other have been analyzed. Analysis of the recent researches and publications. Considering this problem the author notes that the state in the course of the administration of public affairs realizes the whole number of the necessary functions providing of the political stability, regulation of the economy and business support, promotion of the development of education, science and culture, environment protection, security and international cooperation etc. However, realization of these functions is impossible without implementation of the financial activity the main sense of which is expression of interests of the society as a whole (or, at least, of its majority). Paper objective. In the article it has been stressed that study of this problem is directly connected with the investigation of the state bodies problem realizing the powers in the sphere of the public finance as it is from the quality of their work the positive result still depends to the achievement of which the state should strive .We are talking about that in the implementation of the state financial activities bodies of all three branches of power and also local government bodies has been taken part. Of course, all of them take part within their competence and assigned tasks. For some of them such an activity is not the primary (though no less important) and number of the state structures are just exclusively created with the purpose of the financial functions implementation. In connection with this all the state bodies during the financial activity implementation are distributed to the bodies of the general financial competence and bodies of the special financial competence And it is from the realization of their powers depends the achievement of the effective and sustainable result on providing of the stable functioning of the whole state financial system . Paper main body. The key issue here is as following – why, from one side, the state has created the system of the necessary powers bodies and gave them necessary financial powers so essential in order to achieve the goals set before them and from, the other side, the realization of these powers does not allow the achievement of the planned sustainable result in the financial legal relations, that is, stable functioning of the economic relations. In other words, the question is as follows: whether the nature of the state bodies competence having the general and special financial powers corresponds to the achievement of the goals designated in the legislation (we are primarily talking about the Constitution of Ukraine and the Budget Code of Ukraine) concerning worthy of a person’s life and what problems exist in connection with these problems which do not allow to achieve goals set before. Conclusions. Within the framework of the tasks set before the given problem has been investigated. When considering of the interrelation of some financial powers between the bodies of the general finance competence (Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine) and bodies of the special financial competence (State Fiscal Service, National Bank of Ukraine) the author comes to the conclusion on the direct influence of the financial powers of the one state bodies on the results of the other activity. In this case the achievement of the positive results (effective and stable functioning of the state financial system) is possible only in the case when the state bodies as general so special competence pursue the single but not different goals of their financial activity.

Direct Democracy and the Prohibition of the Binding Mandate: The Italian Debate

One of the most controversial topics of the current political debate in Italy is about the prohibition of the binding mandate previewed by art. 67 of the Italian Constitution. In a context of collective distrust in politics and in the administration of public affairs, a new party, the Movimento Cinque Stelle, (hereinafter, M5S), has exploded collecting 25% of votes. One of the points of the M5S' program was the claim that its MPs are only spokepersons of the voters, without any autonomy from them. One of the campaign promises was that they would submitted bills to be deposited in Parliament to public judgment through the use of an online platform. To participate in these debates, Italian citizens have to register to the online platform with a scanned copy of their ID document. However, this online platform is not neutral, because it belongs to Beppe Grillo's blog. Beppe Grillo is the founder and the political leader of M5S, but he did not run in the political campaign. This circumstance presents problems of net neutrality, privacy and use of participants' personal data. Beppe Grillo's staff declared that the platform has around 90,000 certified subscribers, whilst the M5S' electors number almost 9 million. This is a huge element of controversy: can a minority be involved in the MPs' commitment, when each MP represents the whole Nation? Furthermore, political debate among M5S' supporters, critics, and MPs has been developed on social network such as Facebook and Twitter, especially on political representatives' personal pages. This phenomenon is connected with the advent of the Internet in political participation and the purpose of this paper is to understand how to balance the contribution of the direct participation of the electorate with the prohibition of binding parliamentary mandate present in the Italian Constitution.

The Relationship between Government on One Side and the Market and Society on the Other in China's Agricultural and Rural Development: An Analytical Framework

统筹城乡发展要求政府承担促进农业农村发展的责任。我国政府以国家干预、政 府主导为特征的农业农村政策，在农业发展、农民增收和城乡协调发展等方面都已取 得较大进展，但现有农业政策在提高农业生产率方面的限度日益显现。有鉴于此，急 需构建一个政府调控和引导农业农村发展的新的分析框架，在其中，政府需要界分与 市场、农村社会组织之间的行为边界，在充分尊重市场配置资源的基础性作用、尊 重农村社会自主管理的基础上，体现政府职能的“兜底”特征；而且，政府在构建市 场/社会运行的基本制度、匡正和补充市场/社会失灵、培育市场/社会主体等职能中需 要进行逻辑先后排序。应用这一新分析框架，加强和改善政府对农业农村发展的调控 和引导，就需要基于农业市场化取向改革农村基本经营制度和农业支持保护体系，注 重对农业生产市场主体的培育；需要以政府为主体构建城乡一体化的基本公共服务体 系，创新农村社会管理体制，充分调动社会力量参与公共事务治理；需要基于城乡一 体化要求重构政府行政管理体制，确保农业农村发展政策的落实。 关键词: 统筹城乡发展 政府 市场 社会 The integrated development of urban and rural areas requires that the government take responsibility for the overall development of the countryside. Chinese agricultural and rural policies characterized by state intervention and government leadership have played an important role in promoting agricultural development and increasing farmers' incomes as well as balancing development in urban and rural areas. However, the effectiveness of current agricultural policies in promoting agricultural productivity is now clearly leveling off. Given this situation, the authors argue that it is imperative to construct a new analytical framework featuring government regulation and guidance of agricultural and rural development. In this framework, the government must clearly define the boundaries between its activities and those of the market and rural social organizations. While fully respecting the fundamental role of the market in allocation of resources and rural self‐management, the government should exercise its power as a backstop. Further, the government needs to establish a logical sequence for government functions such as formulating the basic operating system of the market and society, correcting market failure and social dysfunction and cultivating market/social entities. To use this new analytical framework to strengthen and improve its regulation and guidance of agricultural and rural development, the government needs to reform the basic rural management and agricultural support and protection systems and to pay attention to the cultivation of market entities in agricultural production on the basis of agricultural marketization. Furthermore, it needs to construct a basic urban‐rural integrated public service system with the government as the leading actor, carry out innovations in the management system of rural society and fully mobilize the social forces to take part in the administration of public affairs. It also needs to reconstruct the system of government administration and management to ensure the thorough implementation of agricultural and rural development policies.

Reforms in the petition letter and visit system of China and construction of a harmonious society

A petitioner participates in the administration of public affairs at his own discretion. A cooperative relationship exists between the petitioner, petition letter, office visits and the related functional departments. Good governance is reflected in petition system which is to set up a balance between public interests and citizens’ private rights. Institutional reform regarding the petition letter and visit system should focus on the “settlement of issues”. The specific design of the petition reform must comply with the requirements of good governance, balancing the rights and serving the interests of the parties concerned. Only in this way, can we achieve cooperative and harmonious governance of the society and still allow for the involvement of various forces in the society. The petition system plays an important role in promoting the cooperation and mutual assistance of public power and private rights, executing two-way persuasions, improving error corrections and regulating the settlement of disputes.

Institutional Boundaries and Regionalism: Social, Economic, and Political Regions in the Canadian Arctic

When Nunavut was created in 1999 it was both the product of regionalism and an agent of further regional change within the Eastern Arctic. This essay explores what impact, if any, the new territory has had on two aspects of regionalism. First, it determines whether Nunavut allows us to distinguish among the predominantly Inuit communities in the Eastern Arctic and, if so, whether the new territory has improved material living conditions among Nunavut communities greater than in other Eastern Arctic communities. Second, the article explores regionalism within the new territory, exploring whether we can see regional variations both in the potential cultural benefits of the region and in levels of support for the territory. The article explains that while we do not see significant regional differences across the Eastern Arctic, we can see meaningful differences within the new territory, differences that may be attributed, in part, to the role of particular communities in the administration of public affairs in Nunavut.

THE OTTOMAN LEGACY IN COLD WAR MODERNIZATION

On 19 March 1877, the first Ottoman parliament opened at Dolmabahçe Palace when Sultan Abdülhamit II crossed a velvet carpet to stand beside a golden throne. Seen later as the finale of the Tanzimat reform era, the parliament appeared to diplomatic observers as the strategy of former grand vizier Midhat Paşa. Midhat's constitutionalism was a plan for “reform, revival, and indeed survival” that included seeking allies against Russia and containing Russian influence in the Balkans. Abdülhamit listened as his secretary charged the new body: “The progress effected by civilised states, the security and wealth they enjoy, are the fruit of the participation of all in the enactment of laws and in the administration of public affairs.” Among the most urgent priorities was “the development of agriculture and industry, and the progress of civilisation and of public wealth.” Parliament later responded with a pledge to deliver the empire from its malaise, to “eliminate the last traces of abuses, the heritage of the regime of despotism.”

Public administration and conflict management in plural societies: the case for representative bureaucracy

Public administration affects the management of ethnic conflict by (1) the criteria employed in recruitment to state bureaucracies and (2) policies and practices that determine the distribution of the benefits and costs of government among members of competing ethnic communities. The goals pursued by mobilized ethnic communities include domination, secession, integration, power-sharing and minority rights, each of which is implemented by state-sanctioned policies and practices. Recent experience with civil and military bureaucracies in India and South Africa, two highly pluralistic and conflict-prone societies, suggests that ethnically representative bureaucracy, though by no means trouble-free, contributes to the legitimacy of government by demonstrating that members of all ethnic communities can and actually do participate in the administration of public affairs. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Back Stage Is Not the Back Room: How Spatial Arrangements Affect the Administration of Public Affairs

The Back Stage Is Not the Back Room: How Spatial Arrangements Affect the Administration of Public Affairs

Edward Gibbon and the Roman Empire

(1990). Edward Gibbon and the Roman Empire. The International History Review: Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 105-110.

Federalism as a Metaphor in the Constitutional Politics of Public Administration

is a distinctive feature and integral part of American constitutional politics and the administration of public affairs. A remarkable unity is suggested along with respect for diversity and independence of the states. Federalism has integrative force in uniting fact and fiction, passion and principle, and state and national governments. Yet, the simple imagery of limited government, based on a separation of state and national powers, conceals complex and ambiguous connections. As a result, federalism is often a metaphor for states' sovereignty and restrictions on the federal government's powers, rather than appreciated as part of the political structure and process created by the U.S. Constitution, which provides the basis for an ongoing dialogue on the roles and responsibilities of federal and state governments in providing social services.

Implicit values in the administration of public affairs

Implicit values in the administration of public affairs