Administration Of Oral Contrast Medium Research Articles

MR enterography: what is next after Crohn's disease?

Within the gastrointestinal system, the small bowel represents the most difficult site to approach with imaging modalities. During the last decades, magnetic resonance enterography has reached an increasing interest, up to be considered an essential part in the diagnostic framework of Crohn's disease patients. Nevertheless, the distention of the intestinal loops provided by the administration of oral contrast medium, the possibility of a dynamic evaluation, and the lack of radiation exposure are huge advantages that can be exploited for the assessment of other clinical conditions affecting the small bowel. Physicians and radiologists should be aware of the possibilities offered by this technique, looking at it as a trustful alternative to the well-worn radiological examinations. In this respect, the purpose of this work is to show some uncommon clinical conditions that can be assessed with magnetic resonance enterography and that fall within the various differential diagnosis of the intestinal disorders.

Obliteration of the Biliary System after Administration of an Oral Contrast Medium Is Probably due to Regurgitation: A Pitfall on MRCP.

We retrospectively evaluated the incidence and related factors of obliteration of the lower bile duct after oral administration of contrast medium (OCM) probably resulting from its regurgitation into the biliary system (OCMRB) as observed on images of MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). We retrospectively analyzed 305 MRCP images in 278 patients obtained between February 2010 and March 2011 using negative OCM with 1.0- and 1.5-tesla clinical units. OCMRB was defined as positive when visualization of the common bile duct was clear on precontrast 2-dimensional (2D) MRCP but obliterated on postcontrast 3-dimensional (3D) MRCP. Two abdominal radiologists reviewed all images in consensus. The incidence of OCMRB was correlated to various clinicoradiological factors. We observed OCMRB on 11 MRCP images in 10 patients (3.6%). Among various clinicoradiological factors, the presence of juxtapapillary diverticula, pneumobilia, and history of intervention to the papilla were suggested as significant factors related to positive OCMRB with multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). OCMRB occurs in about 4% of the patients who undergo MRCP, typically in those with juxtapapillary diverticula, pneumobilia, and history of papillary intervention. Acquisition of MRCP images before OCM may secure visualization of the common bile duct in these patients.

Gastric Hypomotility in Chronic Upper Gastrointestinal Disease of Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata)

Japanese macaques bred indoor for laboratory use often show chronic anorexia and intermittent vomiting. In some of our macaques gastric air was observed on physical examination, and we suspected abnormality of gastric motility. We therefore performed contrast radiographic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract without anesthesia of 8 macaques with gastrointestinal symptoms and 9 asymptomatic controls from the same laboratory. Changes of abdominal radiography over time were observed following oral administration of contrast medium. In all control animals, contrast medium had completely passed from the stomach within 150 min after administration. However, all animals with gastrointestinal symptoms retained some contrast medium in the stomach. Gastric emptying time of contrast medium was associated with excessive gastric air in Japanese macaques; therefore, gastric emptying time seems to be associated with decreased gastric motility.

Obstrucción intestinal por intususcepción como primera manifestación de enfermedad celíaca en un adulto

The usual form of presentation of celiac disease is chronic diarrhoea and deficiencies of vitamin D, vitamin K, iron and vitamin B12, due to malabsorption. Intestinal obstruction secondary to an intussusception is rare in adults and usually is a complication of carcinoma of the colon or post-operative adhesions. We report a 45 year-old female consulting for diarrhoea and vomiting lasting one week and progressive abdominal bloating. A plain abdominal X ray showed air fluid levels in the small bowel and a CT scan showed an intussusception. She was operated and discharged but continued with diarrhoea. She was admitted again and a new CT scan showed three intussusceptions that were resolved with the administration of oral contrast media. Antiendomisial antibodies were positive and a celiac disease was diagnosed. After one year with a gluten free diet, the patient remains asymptomatic.

Iodide Mumps After Intravenous and Oral Administration of Contrast Medium

Iodide Mumps After Intravenous and Oral Administration of Contrast Medium

Iodide Mumps After Intravenous and Oral Administration of Contrast Medium

A 70-year-old woman with a history of radical cystectomy and continent urinary diversion with a Mainz pouch I due to muscle invasive bladder carcinoma presented for a routine evaluation. Physical examination, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray and routine laboratory values showed no pathological findings. There was no history of salivary gland disease. Excretory urography was performed with 100 ml. nonionic contrast medium (iopromide) injected intravenously. Painless bilateral swelling of the submandibular glands developed 16 hours later without any dysphagia, dyspnea or other allergic reactions (see figure). After systemic treatment with an antihistamine and prednisolone the swelling resolved within 6 hours. One year later the same symptoms developed 12 hours after the oral administration of diatrizoate meglumine a watery contrast medium used for gastroenterological diagnosis. As in the initial episode, symptoms responded to anti-allergenic therapy. DISCUSSION

Oral administration of contrast medium for rectal opacification in pelvic computed tomography

A technique is presented for rectal opacification by the administration of oral contrast medium given the night before a computed tomography scan. This has eliminated the need for enemas in most cases.

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE WITH THE IVEMARK SYNDROME AND ABSENCE OF THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA.

THIS COMMUNICATION reports a case of complicated congenital heart disease with the Ivemark syndrome in which an unusual malformation was observed. During catheterization performed to establish the above diagnosis, an anomalous inferior vena cava with azygos continuation was visualized. Case Report The patient was a four-year-old girl known to suffer a congenital heart disease because of severe cyanosis and a systolic murmur. She measured 96 em and weighed 12.500 g. Blood pressure was 95/ 60 mm Hg with palpable femoral pulsations. There was clubbing of the fingers. By auscultation, the first sound was slightly accentuated, the second sound pure, and a holosystolic murmur II/IV was heard over the third and fourth interspaces along the right sternal border. The phonocardiographic tracing confirmed the auscultation. Roentgenographic studies of the thorax (Figs. 1 and 2) showed an abnormal shift to the right in the cardiac shadow. Electrocardiography performed with the wires in the usual position disclosed an extreme right axis deviation and a biventricular hypertrophy. The presence of a wandering pacemaker prohibited the drawing of any conclusions concerning eventual atrial inversion. Heinz bodies were revealed in the examination of the blood, indicating agenesis of the spleen. A roentgen examination of the gastrointestinal tract with oral administration of contrast medium demonstrated a common mesentery. The clinical diagnosis of I vemark syndrome with multiple congenital malformations was stated. Right heart catheterization and, later, left heart catheterization, both with angiography, were undertaken. Right Heart Catheterization: After denudation of the vena saphena, a catheter reached the atrium through an azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava. A large atrial septal defect, perhaps a single atrium, was noted. The superior vena cava was placed normally on the right. A partial anomalous pulmonary venous return of the right superior lobe was proved by oximetry in the superior vena cava. Two ventricular cavities were penetrated, and the similar pressure in them indicated a large ventricular septal defect. The great vessels could not be catheterized. The angiography was performed in the azygos continuation which traced an arc before entering the right atrium (Figs. 3 and 4). The hepatic veins entered the right atrium directly. Once the medium penetrated this cavity, a simultaneous opacification of both atria and both ventricles occurred, which proved the atrial septal defect. No further diagnostic information, however, could be obtained from this procedure. Left Heart Catheterization: After denudation of the femoral artery, a catheter was introduced and advanced into the aorta and finally into the left ventricle. The aortic valve was easily passed. No aortic gradient was found.