Administration Of Nigella Sativa Oil Research Articles

Nigella sativa oil attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental myocardial infarction.

A growing interest in using Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in the prevention or treatment of several cardiovascular diseases has prompted this study. The research aims to investigate the effect of NSO on cardiac damage prevention after long-term administration in induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. NSO was analyzed for its fatty acids composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and administered in rats before and after isoproterenol (45mg/kg body weight) induced myocardial infarction. The following parameters were assessed: electrocardiograms, histopathological examination, serum biochemical aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), serum and heart inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1b), and interleukin 6 (IL-6)), and tissue oxidative stress (total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative stress (TOS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the total thiols (THIOL)). Linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and oleic acid (C18:1n-9) were approximately 89% of total fatty acids while palmitic acid (C16:0) was 6.10%. Administration of NSO for 28 days helped in preventing QT and QTc interval prolongation and reduced heart rate (HR), after MI induction. The histological assessment showed improvement in myofibrillary degeneration and necrosis and also better reduced inflammatory process in the groups treated with NSO. In serum, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6 were downregulated in chronic conditions (for IL-1b, NSO vs. control was 86.09vs 150.39 pg/mL, and for IL-6 NSO vs. control was 78.00 vs. 184.98 pg/ml). In the heart tissue, the downregulation was observed only for TNF in both acute and chronic conditions (acute NSO vs. control was 132.37 vs. 207.63 pg/mL, and chronic NSO vs. control was 135.83 vs. 183.29 pg/ml). The pro-oxidant parameters TOS, NO, MDA, and OSI, were reduced in the groups treated with NSO only after 14 days of treatment, suggesting that the NSO antioxidant effect is time-dependent. NSO administration might have a favourable impact on the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation processes after MI induction in rats, and it is worth considering its administration as an adjuvant treatment.

Is Gentamicin-Induced Ototoxicity Reversible with Delayed Administration of Nigella Sativa Oil? An Experimental Study

Is Gentamicin-Induced Ototoxicity Reversible with Delayed Administration of Nigella Sativa Oil? An Experimental Study

Pemberian Jintan Hitam (Nigella Sativa L) dan Madu (Apis Mellifera) Sebagai Suplemen Zat Besi dalam meningkatkan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common disorders during pregnancy. Pregnant women generally experience a decrease in iron so only a small amount of iron in the fetus is needed for normal iron metabolism. During pregnancy, the indication of anemia is if the HB concentration is less than 11 g% in the first and third trimesters and the HB level is less than 10.5 g% in the second trimester Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving nigella sativa oil and honey on hemoglobin levels of pregnant women at PMB Rosminta Siregar Bojong Gede in 2022 Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design using one group pre-test and post-test methods. The number of samples is 30 pregnant women. The research instrument used observation sheets and statistical tests using the dependent t-test. Result: The results showed that there was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels of pregnant women before and after giving Nigella Sativa and Honey with a 2-tailed sign of 0.000. It can be seen that the 2-tailed sign is 0.000 < (0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that there were differences in the administration of nigella sativa oil and honey on the hemoglobin levels of pregnant women at PMB Rosminta Siregar Bojong Gede in 2022.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GIVING NIGELLA SATIVA OIL TO SKIN INTERGITY DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENTS SUFFERS ACNE VULGARIS

Introduction: Changing cosmetics can cause acne vulgaris.
 Objective: The research objective was to analyze the effectiveness of Nigella Sativa oil administration on skin integrity problems in adolescents with acne vulgaris in Kedensari Village RT 17 RW 05 Tanggulangin Sidoarjo.
 Methods: This study used Quasi Experimental with a pre-posttest control group design approach. The study population was all adolescents with acne vulgaris who experienced skin integrity problems in Kedensari Village RT 17 RW 05 Tanggulangin Sidoarjo. The sample was selected using the simple random sampling technique of 28 adolescents who were then divided into two groups, namely the experimental group of 14 people and the control group of 14 people. The independent variable was the administration of Nigella Sativa oil, while the dependent variable was the degree of skin integrity disorders in adolescents with acne vulgaris. The research instrument was a skin condition observation sheet. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test and the Mann Whitney test with a significance value of α = 0.05.
 Results: The results showed: 1) There were significant differences in skin integrity before and after intervention in the intervention group p =0,001,(0,001<0,05) There were significant differences in skin integrity in the intervention group and the control group (p =0,000 <0.005).
 Conclusions: Giving nigella sativa oil is effective in improving skin integrity problems in adolescent with acne vulgaris. It is hoped that the nurses can use nigella sativa oil in providing care for adolescents with acne vulgaris.

Effect of Nigella sativa oil on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gliclazide in rats.

Nigella sativa oil (NSO) has been used widely for its putative anti-hyperglycemic activity. However, little is known about its potential effect on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antidiabetic drugs, including gliclazide. This study aimed to investigate herb-drug interactions between gliclazide and NSO in rats. Plasma concentrations of gliclazide (single oral and intravenous dose of 33 and 26.4mg/kg, respectively) in the presence and absence of co-administration with NSO (52mg/kg per oral) were quantified in healthy and insulin resistant rats (n=5 for each group). Physiological and treatment-related factors were evaluated as potential influential covariates using a population pharmacokinetic modeling approach (NONMEM version 7.4). Clearance, volume of distribution and bioavailability of gliclazide were unaffected by disease state (healthy or insulin resistant). The concomitant administration of NSO resulted in higher systemic exposures of gliclazide by modulating bioavailability (29% increase) and clearance (20% decrease) of the drug. A model-independent analysis highlighted that pre-treatment with NSO in healthy rats was associated with a higher glucose lowering effect by up to 50% compared with that of gliclazide monotherapy, but not of insulin resistant rats. Although a similar trend in glucose reductions was not observed in insulin resistant rats, co-administration of NSO improved the sensitivity to insulin of this rat population. Natural product-drug interaction between gliclazide and NSO merits further evaluation of its clinical importance.

Oral Nigella sativa oil administration alleviates arsenic-induced redox imbalance, DNA damage, and metabolic and histological alterations in rat liver.

Arsenic, an omnipresent environmental contaminant, is regarded as a potent hepatotoxin. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) consumption has been shown to improve hepatic functions in various in vivo models of acute hepatic injury. The present study evaluates the protective efficacy of NSO against sodium arsenate (As)-induced deleterious alterations in the liver. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely, control, As, NSO, and AsNSO. After pre-treating rats in AsNSO and NSO groups with NSO (2 mL/kg bwt, orally) for 14 days, NSO treatment was further extended for 30 days, with and without As treatment (5 mg/kg bwt, orally), respectively. As induced an upsurge in serum ALT and AST activities indicating liver injury, as also confirmed by the histopathological findings. As caused significant alterations in the activities of membrane marker enzymes and carbohydrate metabolic enzymes, and in the vital components of antioxidant defense system. Marked DNA damage and hepatic arsenic accumulation were also observed in As-treated rats. Oral NSO administration ameliorated these deleterious alterations and improved overall hepatic antioxidant and metabolic status in As-treated rats. Prevention of oxidative damage could be the underlying mechanism of NSO-mediated protective effects. The results suggest that NSO could be a useful dietary supplement in the management of arsenic hepatotoxicity.

Pathological Evaluation of Nigella Sativa Oil and Resveratrol Against Fipronil Induced Toxicity In Male Albino Rats

Fipronil (FPN) is a broad-spectrum insecticide widely used in agriculture and veterinary applications. FPN repressed the cellular enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, resulted in oxidative injuries. Both nigella sativa oil (NSO) and resveratrol (RSV) had antioxidant activities. The present study aimed to assess the ameliorative effect of NSO and RSV against FPN induced toxicosis in male albino rats. Rats were divided into six groups. The first group was administered FPN (10 mg/kg); the second received FPN (10 mg/kg) and NSO (1ml/kg); the third group received FPN (10mg/kg) and RSV (20mg/kg); fourth, and fifth were treated with NSO (1ml/kg) and RSV (20mg/kg), respectively. The sixth group was the control. The results showed that FPN significantly increased serum levels of urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. FPN-intoxicated rats revealed a significant increase in the level of MDA and significant decrease in GSH level in liver and brain tissues. While, kidney tissue revealed a significant decrease in renal GSH concentration and non-significant increase in renal MDA. Furthermore, FPN showed histological changes in liver, kidney, brain and heart tissues. In contrast, administration of NSO and RSV ameliorated the FPN-induced oxidative damage, and histopathological alterations possibly due to their antioxidant properties.

Effects of Nigella sativa oil and thymoquinone against bisphenol A-induced metabolic disorder in rats.

The underlying mechanisms of bisphenol A (BPA)-induced metabolic disorder and the protective impact of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) and thymoquinone (TQ) against BPA-induced metabolic disorder were investigated. Rats were treated as follows: Control, BPA (10 mg/kg), TQ (2 mg/kg), NSO (84 μL/kg), BPA + TQ (0.5, 1, 2 mg/kg), and BPA + NSO (21, 42, 84 μL/kg). BPA was administered by gavage, while, TQ and NSO were injected intraperitoneally (daily, 54 days). The weight, blood pressure, serum parameters [glucose, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, insulin, interlukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), leptin, adiponectin], malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and insulin signaling pathways [insulin receptor substrate (p-IRS,IRS); kinase (p-Akt,Akt); glycogen synthase kinase (p-GS3K,GS3K)] were measured. BPA increased the blood pressure, MDA, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, insulin, IL-6, TNF-α, and leptin, and decreased the GSH and phosphorylated forms of IRS, Akt, GS3K but did not alter weight, glucose, IRS, AKT, and GS3K in the liver. Administration of NSO or TQ with BPA reduced the blood pressure, liver level of MDA, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, insulin, IL-6, TNF-α, leptin, and increased the liver level of GSH and p-IRS, p-AKT, p-GS3K. TQ and NSO are thought to be effective in controlling metabolic disorders induced by BPA.

Effect of Lead Acetate on the ovarian growth in the Pre-pubertal and Pubertal periods in the offspring of Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Nigella Sativa oil

Background: There are different responses of lead exposure including reduced fertility, spontaneous abortions, low birth weight, impairment in folliculogenesis, and even damage to the ovaries are also reported. Several reports confirmed the usefulness of black seed oil because of having more than one hundred of components as vol‌atile oil, vitamins and trace elements. Recently, clinical and animal studies revealed that the black seed extract has many therapeutic effects. Aim of work: To study the development of the ovary of the offspring of female rats exposed to lead acetate during pregnancy and lactation and the possible protective role of nigella sativa oil. Materials and methods: three groups were used; Group A: Includes 15 offspring of 20 control mothers, Group B: Includes 15 offspring of 20 mothers treated with orally lead acetate in a dose of 640mg/kg, Group c: includes 15 offspring of 20 mothers in addition to the same dose of lead acetate each rat was takenorally nigella sativa oil in a dose of 10mg/kg.Both treatments were given to mothers from gestational day 10 to post-natal day 21.After the last dose the abdomens were opened and the ovaries were removed and processed for light and transmission electron microscopic study.Results:Prenatal lead exposure caused Changes in ovarian architecture andsevere pathological changes in the ovarian follicles in the form of delayed development of primordial follicles, damage to the granulosa cells and degeneration to the oocyteswhich appeared shrunken with vacuolated cytoplasm and destructed zonapellucida. Administration of nigella sativa oil prevent the damaging effect of lead on the ovarian follicles, still some oocytes and follicles preserved its normal appearance. Conclusion: Exposure of mothers to lead acetate products cause harmful effects on the ovaries of the offspring, Administration of nigella sativa oil has an ameliorative effects on these damaging effects of lead acetate.

Nigella sativa (black seed) oil ameliorates CCl4 -induced hepatotoxicity and mediates neurotransmitter levels in male Sprague Dawley albino rats.

The liver is a metabolically active organ which is prone to oxidative damage. The hepatoprotective effect of Nigella sativa (black seed oil extract) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley albino ratswas determined. There were four groups of eight rats; Group 1 (control) was administered with distilled water for 28days, Group 2 was administered with 4ml/kg of CCl4 (70% olive oil: 30% CCl4 ) on alternate days for 28days. Group 3 was administered with 4ml/kg of CCl4 (70% olive oil: 30% CCl4 ) and 2ml/kg of Nigella sativa oil orally for 28days. Group 4 was administered with 4ml/kg of CCl4 (70% Olive oil: 30% CCl4 ) and 4ml/kg of Nigella sativa oil orally for 28days. Blood samples were collected for biochemical assessment. Liver, kidney, and brain tissues were determinedfor antioxidant enzymes and histopathological features. There were significant ameliorative effects of the oil extract in the treatment groups compared to control (p<.05). PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Nigella sativa (black seed oil) also known as Habbatus sauda has been used for therapeutic and nutritional purposes for decades due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. It is a potent brain tonic due to the presence of linoleic, palmitic, oleic, eicosapentanoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), hence, may enhance brain and heart functions. This research analysis carried out on the neurotransmitter (glutamate and GABA) levels showed a significant decrease at p<.05 in the group administered with CCl4 alone, which was reversed significantly upon the administration of Nigella sativa oil. The histological features reported in the current study correlated with the biochemical parameters. The CCl4 induced severe histological changes on the hepatic, renal, and brain tissues, which, was ameliorated by the Nigella sativa oil administration. The administration of Nigella sativa oil exerted a protective effect on the brain, liver, and kidney during CCl4 -induced oxidative stress.

Ameliorating effects of Nigella sativa oil on aggravation of inflammation, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by smokeless tobacco extract in an allergic asthma model in Wistar rats

BackgroundThe comparison of smokeless tobacco (ST) exposure versus Ovalbumin (Ova) sensitized rats or asthmatic patients has hardly been studied in the literature. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the aggravation of inflammation, exacerbation of asthma, oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by ST. MethodsST was given at the dose of 40mg/kg in an allergic asthma model in Wistar rats. Furthermore, the effects of oral administration of Nigella sativa oil (NSO), at a dose of 4mL/kg/day, were investigated. ResultsThe obtained results showed that ST clearly enhanced lung inflammation through interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Nitric oxide (NO) increased production. Actually, ST was found to intensify the oxidative stress state induced by Ova-challenge in rats, which was proven not only by augmenting lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, but also by altering the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant status. Furthermore, the aggravation of inflammation and oxidative stress was obviously demonstrated by the histopathological changes observed in lung. In contrast, NSO administration has shown anti-inflammatory effects by reducing IL-4 and NO production, restoring the antioxidant status, reducing lipid peroxidation and improving the histopathological alterations by both protein oxidation and NSO treatment. ConclusionsOur data have proven that severe concurrent exposure to allergen and ST increases airway inflammation and oxidative stress in previously sensitized rats. They also suggest that the oral NSO treatment could be a promising treatment for asthma.

Protective efficacy of Nigella sativa oil against the harmful effects of formaldehyde on rat testicular tissue

Objective: To explore the effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on the histopathological and biochemical changes that inhaled formaldehyde (FA) induces on the testicular tissue of rats. Methods: Thirty three adult male rats were separated into five groups as follows: C, the control group; 4FA group which received FA for 4 weeks; 13FA group which was given FA for 13 weeks; 4FA+NSO group which was administered FA plus NSO for 4 weeks; 13FA+NSO group which was treated with FA plus NSO for 13 weeks. FA was administered through inhalation for 8 h 5 days a week at a dose of 5 ppm in a special glass cage, and NSO was administered orally 1 mL/kg once daily. Rats were decapitated at the end of the experiment and testicular tissue specimens were harvested for histopathologic and biochemical assessment. Results: Compared to the C group, reduction was observed in the number of intact tubules and in the mean germinative epithelium thickness of the FA groups. Significant increase was observed in the number of intact tubules with the long-term (13 weeks) administration of NSO together with FA. Reduced glutathione peroxidase activity was found and oxidative stress index values were measured higher in the 4FA and 13FA groups versus the C group (P<0.05). Moreover, total antioxidant status levels decreased only in the 4FA group (P<0.05) while only the 13FA group significantly increased malondialdehyde levels and reduced catalase activities in comparison with the C group. In the 13FA+NSO group, malondialdehyde levels decreased however glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities increased compared to the 13FA group. Differences measured in total antioxidant status levels were found to be statistically significant only between the 4FA and the 4FA+NSO groups. Conclusions: NSO as an antioxidant should be used for a longer term to achieve protective efficacy both histopathologically and biochemically in the testicular tissue.

The impact of black seed oil on tramadol-induced hepatotoxicity: Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

The natural herb, black seed (Nigella Sativa; NS) is one of the most important elements of folk medicine. The aim was to evaluate the impact of Nigella Sativa Oil (NSO) on the changes induced by tramadol in rat liver. Twenty four albino rats were used. Control group: given intraperitoneal and oral saline for 30days. TR-group: given intraperitoneal tramadol (20, 40, 80mg/kg/day) in the first, middle and last 10days of the experiment, respectively. TR+NS group: administered intraperitoneal tramadol in similar doses to TR-group plus oral NSO (4ml/kg/day) for 30days. Immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, biochemical and statistical studies were performed. TR-group displayed disarranged hepatic architecture, hepatic congestion, hemorrhage and necrosis. Apoptotic hepatocytes, mononuclear cellular infiltration and a significant increase in the number of anti-CD68 positive cells were observed. Ultrastructurally, hepatocytes showed shrunken nuclei, swollen mitochondria, many lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles. Activated Ito and Von Kupffer cells were also demonstrated. Elevated serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP and bilirubin were noticed. NSO administration resulted in preservation of hepatic histoarchitecture and ultrastructure and significant reductions in the number of anti-CD68 positive cells and serum levels of liver seromarkers. In conclusion, NSO administration could mitigate the alterations induced by tramadol in rat liver.

Oral administration of Nigella sativa oil ameliorates the effect of cisplatin on brush border membrane enzymes, carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant system in rat intestine

Cisplatin (CP) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent that induces gastrointestinal toxicity. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) has been shown to be beneficial in a wide range of gastrointestinal disorders. The present study investigates the possible protective effect of NSO on CP-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. NSO administration (2ml/kg bwt, orally), prior to and following, a single dose CP treatment (6mg/kg bwt. ip), significantly attenuated the CP-induced decrease in brush border membrane (BBM) enzyme activities in intestinal homogenates and BBM vesicles (BBMV). NSO administration also mitigated CP induced alterations in the activities of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes and in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant parameters in the intestine. The results suggest that NSO by empowering the endogenous antioxidant system improves intestinal redox and metabolic status and restores BBM integrity in CP treated rats. Histopathological studies supported the biochemical findings. Thus, NSO may help prevent the accompanying gastrointestinal dysfunction in CP chemotherapy.

Protective effect of Nigella sativa oil on cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage in rat kidney

BackgroundNephrotoxicity is a severe complication in patients undergoing cisplatin (CP) chemotherapy. Previous studies in our lab have shown that administration of a single dose of CP results in decrease in the activities of brush border membrane (BBM) and free radical scavenging enzymes and induces oxidative stress in rat kidney. Nigella sativa, is one of the most revered medicinal plant known for its numerous health benefits. Nigella sativa seed/oil has been shown to improve kidney functions in animal models of acute kidney injury. ObjectiveThe present study was undertaken to investigate whether Nigella sativa oil (NSO) can prevent the CP-induced nephrotoxic effects. ResultsThe effect of NSO was determined on CP induced alterations in various serum parameters and on enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, BBM and antioxidant defense system in renal cortex and medulla. Administration of NSO (2ml/kg bwt. orally), prior to and following a single dose CP treatment (6mg/kg bwt. i.p), significantly attenuated the CP induced increase in serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and decrease in the activities of BBM enzymes in renal cortical and medullary homogenates as well as in isolated BBM vesicles (BBMV). NSO administration also precluded CP induced alterations in the activities of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes and in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant parameters. Histopathological observations showed extensive kidney damage in CP treated animals and remarkably reduced renal injury in CP and NSO co-treated group. ConclusionThe biochemical and histological data suggest a protective effect of NSO against CP-induced acute kidney injury.

Cannabis-induced Moto-Cognitive Dysfunction in Wistar Rats: Ameliorative Efficacy of Nigella Sativa.

Cannabis is a widely used illicit drug with various threats of personality syndrome, and Nigella sativa has been widely implicated as having therapeutic efficacy in many neurological diseases. The present study investigates the ameliorative efficacy of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on cannabis-induced moto-cognitive defects. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg i.p.) was given to induce dementia as a standard base line for cannabis (20 mg/kg)-induced cognitive impairment, followed by an oral administration of NSO (1 ml/kg) for 14 consecutive days. The Morris water maze (MWM) paradigm was used to assess the memory index, the elevated plus maze was used for anxiety-like behaviour, and the open field test was used for locomotor activities; thereafter, the rats were sacrificed and their brains were removed for histopathologic studies. Cannabis-like Scopolamine caused memory impairment, delayed latency in the MWM, and anxiety-like behaviour, coupled with alterations in the cerebello-hippocampal neurons. The post-treatment of rats with NSO mitigated cannabis-induced cognitive dysfunction as with scopolamine and impaired anxiety-like behaviour by increasing open arm entry, line crossing, and histological changes. The observed ameliorative effects of NSO make it a promising agent against moto-cognitive dysfunction and cerebelo-hippocampal alterations induced by cannabis.

Protective Role of Nigella Sativa Oil on Spermatogenesis and Testicular Structure in Cadmium Intoxicated Rats

Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant associated with many industrial processes. Considering the high sensitivity of the testicular tissue to Cd insult, prevention and/or therapeutic intervention is of major concern. Previous experimental evidences indicated the involvement of oxidative stress in Cd-mediated tissue damage. The present study investigated the protective role of Nigella Sativa Oil (NSO) against the toxic effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on rat testes.Forty adult male albino rats weighing 240-280 g were assigned into four groups: Group I(Control rats), Group II (NSO-treated rats), Group III (CdCl2-treated rats) and Group IV(rats treated with CdCl2 and NSO). Cadmium chloride was injected in a dose of 2mg/kg bw dissolved in isotonic saline intraperitoneal, whileNSO was administered in a dose of 1 ml/kg bwby gastric gavage.The present study found that administration of CdCl2 induced marked structural derangement in the seminiferous tubules of the rats’ testes associated with significant drop of spermatogenesis score. Concomitant administration of NSO and CdCl2 was associated with markedreduction in the adverse structural changes seen in the testes of CdCl2-intoxicated ratsbesides preservation of spermatogenesis.

Effect of Nigella sativa oil on aluminum chloride-induced testicular damage in male albino rats

Background Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is an environmental xenobiotic that induces free radical-mediated cytotoxic and reproductive toxicity. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) is an antioxidative agent reported to be important for detoxification. Aim This study aimed to investigate the possible role of NSO in ameliorating the toxic effect of AlCl3 on the histological structure of the testis in male rats. Materials and methods This study was carried out on 40 adult male rats, divided into four equal groups: group I, which served as the control group; group II (the AlCl3-exposed group), which received AlCl3 daily at a dose of 320 mg/kg/l in drinking water through a gastric tube for 1.5 months; group III (the AlCl3+NSO-treated group), which received NSO at a dose of 1 ml/kg orally concomitantly with AlCl3 for 1.5 months; group IV (the withdrawal group), which received only AlCl3 at the same dose for 1.5 months, after which the animals were left untreated for another 1.5 months. The animals of each group were processed for light and transmission electron microscopic study. Morphometric and statistical analyses were conducted. Results Compared with the control group, administration of AlCl3 revealed significant changes in the seminiferous tubules, which appeared shrunken with disorganized germinal epithelium. Cellular vacuolations as well as sloughed spermatogenic cells into the lumen were observed. The interstitium was widened with interstitial hyperplasia. Ultrastructural examination of the AlCl3-exposed group revealed cells with dense cytoplasm and heterochromatic nuclei. Late differentiating spermatids showed deformed heads with widening of the subacrosomal space and redundant acrosome. Concomitant administration of NSO with AlCl3 showed amelioration of most of the histological changes in the AlCl3-intoxicated group. The withdrawal group showed persistence of many structural changes noticed in the AlCl3-intoxicated group with a significant difference compared with the AlCl3+NSO-treated group. Conclusion NSO played a protective role against AlCl3-induced testicular damage.

Nigella sativa oil reduces aluminium chloride-induced oxidative injury in liver and erythrocytes of rats.

The present study was planned to investigate the protective effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) supplementation against aluminium chloride (AlCl3)-induced oxidative damage in liver and erythrocytes of rats. Simultaneously, a preliminary phytochemical study was affected in order to characterize the bioactive components containing in the NSO using chemical assays. The antioxidant capacities of NSO were evaluated by DPPH assay. The results showed that NSO was found to contain large amounts of total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins. Twenty-four rats were equally divided into two groups, in which group A received standard diet, whereas group B treated daily with an oral gavage dose of 2 ml NSO/kg body weight. After 5 weeks pretreatment, both groups were divided again into two subgroups (A and B) of six animals each and treated for other 3 weeks. Therefore, subgroup A1 was served as a control which received standard diet, but subgroup A2 received AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bw mixed with food). Subgroup B1 received both AlCl3 and NSO; however, subgroup B2 received NSO only. Results showed that AlCl3 exhibited an increase in white blood cell counts and a marked decrease in erythrocyte counts and haemoglobin content. Plasma aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities and total bilirubin concentration were higher in AlCl3 group than those of the control, while albumin and total protein concentration were significantly lower. Compared to the control, a significant raise of hepatic and erythrocyte malondialdehyde level associated with a decrease in reduced glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, activities of AlCl3 treated rats. However, the administration of NSO alone or combined with AlCl3 has improved the status of all parameters studied. It can be concluded that AlCl3 has induced the oxidative stress, altered the biochemical parameters and the hepatic histological profile, but the supplementation of NSO has alleviated such toxicity.

English

The present study aimed to evaluate cardio-protective effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on lead induced cardio toxicity. Forty five albino adult rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control lead (Pb) group that received lead acetate (20 mg/kg/day) 3 times weekly for 8 weeks and PB + NSO group (rats pretreated with Nigella sativa oil (4 ml/kg) orally for 1 h before administration of lead acetate (given as in Pb group). Myocardial injury was assessed by laboratory and pathological studies, and heart rate was recorded in all animals. Lead intake resulted in significant increases in cardiac high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interlukin-6 (IL-6), E-selectin, troponin I, malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). The cardiac apelin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) levels significantly decreased in Pb group compared to the control. Currently, heart rate and ST segment increased significantly after lead intake. Heart lesions as a result of lead treatment were in the form of hemorrhage, myocardial necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrosis. Immuno histochemical results of the heart revealed positive cyclooxyenase-2 (Cox-2) expressions in Pb-treated group. NSO administration produced significant normalization of the physiological parameters as well as restored the histological structure and decreased the COX-2 expression of the heart compared to Pb group. In conclusion, NSO intake has cardio protective potential through its ability to decrease pro inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and cardiac tissue damage in lead-induced cardio toxicity. Key words: Nigella sativa oil, lead acetate, cardio toxicity, inflammation.