Adjustment Screw Research Articles

Thread plate posture analysis for screw rolling adjustment design

Abstract This research focuses on process design of the adjustment of movable thread plate and fixed thread plate in the screw rolling machine during production. By observing some key dimensions of the threaded screw, one can determine the movement amount and the rotation direction of the adjustment screw bars mechanism of the fixed thread plate that required for the specified size of this type of screw. One establishes a relationship from the adjustment of the screw bars mechanism to the fixed thread plate posture. It can be seen that the formed screw size deviations will lead the machine operator to adopt one of the proposed process to achieve the posture adjustment of the fixed thread plate. While the screw specification deviations do not conform to the standard ones, the operator just need to find out the error type of the formed screw and measures its specification to follow one of the proposed formulas, then the wrong thread plate posture can be modified to the correct posture under operator’s adjustment. The method addressed in this research can not only reduce the operational difficulty of screw thread rolling machine but also can reduce the trial-and-error processes in traditional operation methods.

Structural stability design of an optical mirror mount adjustment mechanism

The stability of beam pointing in a laser system depends on the consistency of the optical mirror mount. Typically, a locking mechanism is used to secure the adjustment mechanism after beam alignment, ensuring the mount’s stability. However, this process can introduce errors, causing a drift in the optical path. To mitigate this issue, in this study, an interference fit adjustment screw was designed. This development enables the mechanism to self-lock after beam alignment, thereby preventing optical path drift and enhancing overall stability. Specifically, 14 long-term thermal shock stability tests, each lasting 2500 min, were conducted to validate the proposed design. The experimental results showed that the thermal drift of the interference fit adjustment screw was reduced by 47.16%, thermal shift was reduced by 79.59%, and the long-term stability improved by at least 48.67%.

MODERNIZATION OF LABORATORY ROLLING MILL 150 FOR THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS 'STUDIES OF AUTOMATION OBJECT RESEARCH.

It was fulfilled laboratory rolling mill 150 reconstruction for student’s investigation of rolling mill as automation object. For remote control screw down movement was mounted screw down auxiliary reductor with AC motor, screw down encoder, load cells, inverter with built-in PLC MS-300 and touch panel HMI DOP-103BQ. It was developed PLC and touch panel HMI software for control screw down movement. Software touch panel HMI provide with set point adjustment screw down movement and actual distance monitoring. Software inverter with built-in PLC MS-300 exercise control screw down movement and stopping in position set point without rundown. It was developed software for investigation of rolling force and electrical data’s of mill motor. Software provides measurement and memory of data’s and on-line graphic display. Measurement of rolling force and rolled metal thickness provides ability to build stand stiffness and rolled metal stiffness.

Correlation of medical students' situational motivation and performance of non-technical skills during simulation-based emergency training

BackgroundNon-technical skills (NTS) are an indispensable element of emergency care and need to be prevalent alongside with good technical skills. Though, questions of how to teach (instructional design) and improve NTS effectively remain unresolved. One adjustment screw to enhance performance of NTS, which is detached from instructional designs and learning efforts might be motivation. Theoretical models and observational studies suggest that high levels of intrinsic (situational) motivation result in better performance and better learning. Therefore, this study analyzed the influence of motivation on performance of NTS, by exploring if high levels of intrinsic motivation lead to better performance of NTS in medical students.MethodsIn this prospective cross-sectional cohort study, the authors assessed the correlation of situational motivation and performance of NTS within a cohort of 449 undergraduates in their 1st to 4th year of medical studies, in a total of 101 emergency simulation trainings. Situational motivation was measured with the validated Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS), which was completed by every undergraduate directly before each simulation training. The NTS were evaluated with the Anesthesiology Students´ Non-Technical skills (AS-NTS) rating tool, a validated taxonomy, especially developed to rate NTS of undergraduates.ResultsStudent situational motivation was weakly correlated with their performance of NTS in simulation-based emergency trainings.ConclusionAlthough motivation has been emphasized as a determining factor, enhancing performance in different fields and in medicine in particular, in our study, student situational motivation was independent from their performance of NTS in simulation-based emergency trainings (SBET).

Experimental study of individualized 3D printing-guided template combined with thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis

To evaluate accuracy and safety of individualized 3D printing guided template for thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. From January 2016 to September 2019, thoracolumbar spine three-dimensional CT data of 8 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were included, Mimics 17.0 and ideaMaker computer software were applied to design thoracolumbar pedicle screw guided template of patients with AS, physical model of all patients (T10-L2)were printed by 3D printer, 2 parts in each patient, and divided into guide-plate-assisted screw group (experimental group) and free-hand nail group (control group). Thoracolumbar pedicle screws of both groups were placed by the same spinal surgeon. The accuracy of pedicle screw placement between two groups were evaluated according to results of postoperative CT, the accuracy of the fixation of thoracolumbar pedicle screw was divided into 4 grades, grade 0 and 1 screws were acceptable nails, grade 2 and 3 screws were unacceptable nails. The diameter and length of pedicle screws, the distance between entry point and posterior median line designed by preoperative 3D printing were compared with actual use in operation. Twenty three blocks of thoracolumbar 3D printing screw of ankylosing spondylitis guided templates were designed and printed in guide-plate-assisted screw group, 46 screws were inserted and 44 screws were accepted. The time of implanting a screw into thoracolumbar pedicle was (4.20±1.15) min, the frequency of X-ray was (5.00±1.25) times and the average adjustment times of screw and Kirschner needle during screw placement was (1.76±1.32) times. In the control group, 46 nails were placed by traditional surgical method and 30 screws were accepted. The time of implanting a screw into thoracolumbar pedicle was (14.67±2.23) min, the frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy was (14.46±2.21) times and the average times of Kirschner needle adjustment was (4.76±3.39) times. The success rates between experimental group and control group were 95.65%(44 / 46) and 56.22%(30 / 46) respectively, and had statistical difference (χ2=13.538, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in diameter, length of pedicle screws and the distance of posterior median line between virtual designed by 3D printing before operation and actual situation in opertaion (P>0.05). The operation time of inserting a single screw, the times of X-ray fluoroscopy, and the average times of adjustment screw and Kirschner needle in experimental group were significant less than those in control group(P<0.01). The personalized guide template assisted the thoracolumbar fixation designed by 3D printing could significantly improve safety, accuracy and efficiency of surgery, especially suitable for thoracolumbar vertebral bodies requiring posterior pedicle screw fixation for fracture or dislocation with AS.

Design of the swash-plate water hydraulic pump for environment-friendly actuator systems

This paper deals with a new development of a swash-plate hydraulic pump. It is particularly designed to aim its usage in applications where environmental impacts should be concerned. Thus, the pump is based on not mineral-based oil but simple tap water. The Electro-Hydraulic Actuator (EHA), a linear motion generator operated by an electric motor installed to the proposed pump, can be attractive and expandable to small-to-medium pressure applications. Water is clean and safe, and the size of EHA is relatively small. New design features of the pump including the no-shoe retainer, the inclination angle adjustment screw, the rotating cylinder block, and the simple assembly structure enabled EHA. The pump was designed to have its static pressure of 1.4 MPa and the volumetric flow rate of 10 × 103 mm3/s. To verify its performance, a series of experiments were constructed, and the maximum volumetric flow rate and pressure were found as 2935.87 mm3/s and 1.9 MPa, respectively. The maximum velocity of the actuator stroke was 9.35 mm/s. The EHA is controlled directly by the electric motor, and so a directional valve is not necessary. It is concluded the pump can be successfully used in small-to-medium pressure applications.

Development of an Adjustable Sinus Tarsi Device for Flatfoot Correction: A Pilot Study in a Sawbones Model1

Development of an Adjustable Sinus Tarsi Device for Flatfoot Correction: A Pilot Study in a Sawbones Model1

Intraoperative adjustments to optimize active middle ear implant performance

Conclusion: After initial contact of the active middle ear implant (AMEI) on the incus, significant increases in device performance can be achieved intraoperatively without affecting residual hearing by additional static loading of the incus with 62 μm (quarter turn) to 125 μm (half turn) increments via an adjustment screw. Objectives: To assess the performance gains of driving the incus with an AMEI under increasing static loads in cadaveric temporal bones. Methods: Incus drive efficacy was assessed using laser Doppler velocimetry measurements of stapes velocities over a frequency range of 0.25 to 8 kHz. Results were compared to stapes velocities following acoustic stimulation via insert earphone. Maximum equivalent ear canal sound pressure level (LEmax) and residual hearing loss after initial loading of the AMEI (first contact) were compared in each temporal bone. Additional increases in incus load were induced by turning an adjustment screw in quarter turn steps, corresponding to 62 μm increments per step. LEmaxand residual hearing loss were reassessed after each step. For each temporal bone, experiments were repeated for three different AMEIs. Results: On average across bones, incus stimulation upon initial contact produced an LEmaxof 125, 127, and 121 dB SPL and residual hearing losses of –2, –1, and –1 dB with respect to unloaded, unaided conditions for the three AMEIs, respectively. Across bones and transducers, increasing static transducer load by incrementing the AMEI up to 125 μm significantly improved performance without affecting residual hearing loss. Loading beyond 125 μm (half turn) did not improve performance but significantly increased residual hearing loss.

Microwave breakdown in waveguide filters, numerical simulation, and comparison to experiments

Microwave breakdowns in output multiplexer filters, boarded on telecommunications satellites, can affect the device and damage it. During tests at atmospheric pressure, these breakdowns are generally initiated in the vicinity of a noble metal coated frequency adjustment screw. A modeling of the microwave breakdown ignition is developed taking into account the thermoelectronic emission from the screw and the noble metal atom vaporization. The influence of field strength is particularly investigated to predict the breakdown delay after the application of the microwave power. Then, a specific structure has been designed and built and a dedicated measurement procedure has been proposed. As it will be shown, the test structure experimental behavior agrees well with the theoretical one. Finally, the results given by the numerical modeling of microwave breakdown are compared to the measurements performed in a five-pole filter of an output multiplexer.

Kinematic effects on gait of a newly designed ankle-foot orthosis with oil damper resistance: A case series of 2 patients with hemiplegia

Yokoyama O, Sashika H, Hagiwara A, Yamamoto S, Yasui T. Kinematic effects on gait of a newly designed ankle-foot orthosis with oil damper resistance: a case series of 2 patients with hemiplegia. The ankle joint of ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) should restrict plantarflexion to prevent foot drop during the swing phase. However, excessive plantarflexion resistance causes excessive knee flexion during the stance phase. Plantarflexion resistive moment should be easily adjustable according to the gait ability of patients with hemiplegia. Because it is difficult to adjust plantarflexion resistive moment exactly, we developed an AFO with an oil damper. It is a small shock absorber that utilizes hydraulic resistance. The oil damper generates a resistive moment to the plantarflexion rotation of the ankle joint at the initial stance phase. The magnitude of the plantarflexion resistive moment at the heel strike can be easily adjusted to accommodate each patient’s condition by simply turning an adjustment screw. We used a gait analysis system to compare the gait of 2 hemiplegic patients while they were wearing either the AFO with the oil damper or the AFO with the plantarflexion stop. The AFO with the oil damper achieved sufficient plantarflexion of the ankle and mild flexion of the knee by adjusting a proper plantarflexion resistive moment during initial stance phase, and provided a more comfortable gait than did the AFOs with a plantarflexion stop.

AN IMPLEMENT TO INSTALL AND RETRIEVE SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION LATERALS

A surface drip irrigation tape installer/retriever was developed for small fields. One operator can install driptapes on or just beneath the soil surface to precisely irrigate crops after planting and retrieve the drip tapes after irrigationis no longer needed for the season. The implement is mounted to the tractor using a three-point hitch and performs bothfunctions of installation and retrieval of drip tapes in one unit. The retriever mainly consists of a speed reducer, a powertransmission line, a drip tape distributor, drip tape spool supporters, water extractors, tensioners, and drip tape guides. Theinstaller mainly consists of a chisel, a press wheel, a tape depth adjustment screw, a tension spring, two soil cover plates, anda tangling prevention ring holder. During the installation process, drip tapes are placed in shallow trenches cut by the 5-cmwide chisel and are covered with soil by 6.5-cm wide pneumatic wheels. The depth of drip tapes can be adjusted from 0 to5 cm beneath the soil surface. During the drip tape retrieval process, drip tapes are distributed evenly across rotating spoolswhile any water in the tapes is squeezed out. The retrieval speed is adjusted by changing the tractor PTO speed. To retrieveexcess disposable drip tapes, a special spool was developed to quickly remove the tapes from the unit. No tools are neededfor either installing or removing drip tape spools. Mathematical models were developed to calculate drip tape length,retrieving time, and spool sizes. Speeds of both retrieval and installation increased as the total number of laterals per hadecreased, or as the field length increased.

Head adjustment mechanism

A head adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment screw having two male threaded sections cut in the same direction but at different pitches. The adjustment screw has an upper end portion in screw engagement with the upper portion of the head mount and a lower end portion put in screw engagement with the base member. Thus, with one rotation of the adjustment screw the head supported by the upper portion of the head mount is vertically displaced to an extend corresponding to the difference of the pitches of the two thread sections, so that fine adjustment of the head can be obtained.

Magnetic tape head azimuth assembly

An assembly for adjusting the azimuth (rotational) orientation of a magnetic tape head with respect to the chassis of a tape player is disclosed. A planar portion of a first plate is welded to the top side of a tape head and an adjustment screw is threaded through a bent portion of this plate. A planar portion of a resilient second plate is bonded to the bottom side of the tape head and a hollow cylindrical member is mounted to a bent portion of the second plate such that the resiliency of the second plate biases the hollow cylinder toward the adjustment screw. The hollow cylinder is slidably mounted on a guide post which is rigidly mounted to the chassis of a tape player. By means of the adjustment screw the angular disposition of the tape head with respect to the hollow cylinder, and thereby with respect to the tape player chassis, is altered.

The Importance of Proper Adjustment of Safety Bindings

The ski bindings in 50 consecutive patients with fractures of the lower leg were tested. All patients had broken the leg while skiing at two of Sweden's most popular ski resorts. There were 21 boot top fractures, 20 spiral fractures of the tibial shaft, eight malleolar fractures, and one fracture of the lateral tuberosity of the tibia. The tension required for release of the bindings laterally at the toe and vertically at the heel was measured and compared with the values recommended by the International Association for Skiing Safety. The ski bindings in no less than 49 of the 50 patients did not release in both directions at a tension 10 per cent higher than the recommended values. The ski bindings of 50 skiers randomly taken from a ski lift queue at one of the ski resorts studied were tested for comparison. The bindings in 48 of these 50 persons were found to be overadjusted; i.e., their bindings did not release in both directions at values comparable to those recommended by IAS. An analysis of the series stresses the need for bindings releasing also laterally at the heel, with a consistent release mechanism and a tamperproof tension adjustment screw.

Putting a New Face on Arecibo

The world's largest radio-radar telescope, the 1,000-foot dish of the Arecibo Observatory, lies nestled in a bowl-shaped valley in the mountains of northwestern Puerto Rico. To the visitor, the observatory's antenna systems, suspended high over the smoothly curved reflector dish, loom suddenly into view after a winding, bumpy ride south from the coastal town of Arecibo. At the end of January or early February, the first of 38,400 perforated aluminum panels that will eventually form an entirely new, and far superior, surface for the telescope's dish is due to be put into place. The resurfacing of the Arecibo dish, and the modernization of its electronic equipment, will provide a tremendous boost in the telescope's sensitivity and expand the range of frequencies with which it can monitor and probe the solar system and universe. Congress approved the project in 1971, and the National Science Foundation let a $3.8 million contract for the resurfacing last November (SN: 12/4/71, p. 374). The entire modernization project is expected to cost about $7.7 million. From his office in the headquarters building on the rim of the valley above the dish, Tor Hagfors, the observatory's operations director (astronomer Frank Drake of Cornell University is scientific director), describes the resurfacing operations and reports that they are slightly behind schedule. The delays are not critical though; the resurfacing will be carried out in a way that allows continued operation of the instrument. To support the heavier aluminum-paneled surface, 29 cables suspended from concrete blocks around the dish's perimeter will have to be added to the 10 presently in place. Hanging the cables started in the last two weeks of December and is expected to take four or five weeks. When they are adjusted, the substitution of the perforated aluminum panels for the present coarse wire mesh can begin. The resurfacing will begin at the center of the dish and work outward to the perimeter. The schedule calls for all panels to be emplaced by about this time next year, but Hagfors says a more realistic estimate for completion is the spring of 1974. Then will come the painstaking process of adjusting the panels to bring the entire dish to within less than 3 millimeters of spherical. (The tolerance for the present surface is several inches.) To aid in this task, lasers will be used to measure precisely the orientation of the panels. Each panel has an adjustment screw which can then be used to bring it to the correct level. The survey work is expected to take six months, so the resurfacing work is not expected to be completed much before the end of 1974. When the modernization task is finished, the telescope's sensitivity will have been increased 100-fold for radio work and 1 ,000-fold for radar worki, and the minimum wavelength observable will have been reduced from the present 50 centimeters to about 7 centimeters. The improvements will bring a far greater range of astronomical objects and interstellar molecules into Arecibo's reach. The radar upgrading should allow the preparation of maps of the surface of Venus as detailed as those now obtainable by radar ofthe moon. O Photos: Kendrick Frazier

Cryostat sectioning; modification of the antiroll plate.

A replaceable antiroll plate and holder have been designed for use in the Ames Lab-Tek cryostat which replace the plastic plate supplied with the instrument and insure a flawless, properly aligned plate for maximum efficiency in thin section cutting. A metal plate holder is attached to the existing screw-driven bracket provided with the instrument by the manufacturer. Glass plates made from one half of a 1.5 × 3 inch microscope slide are coated on the leading edge with spray-on Teflon and provided with tape spacers. These plates slip into the holder and can be adjusted for angular inclination and alignment with the cutting edge by movement within the holder or manipulation of the adjustment screw.

A new method of hysterosalpinography. A preliminary communication.

A New method for hysterosalpingography has been devised by Dr. Malmström and his colleagues in Sweden. The instrument employed is known as the MW-Cannula (Malmström-Westman) and is now available in this country.* Details of the construction and functioning of the apparatus are shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The apparatus consists of a glass cup (1) large enough to contain the cervix. In the centre of this cup there is a rubber-covered nipple known as the acorn (2) for insertion into the cervical canal. The cup is connected by a lumen (10) to a mechanism for producing negative pressure consisting of a vacuum pump (3) a vacuum bottle (4) and a vacuum meter (5), and by means of this negative pressure the cervix is sucked into the cup and held there. The acorn is connected by another lumen (9) to a syringe (6), by which the opaque medium can be injected. The distance of insertion of the acorn into the cervial canal is controlled by the adjustment screw (7).

Part II-Description of X-Ray Double-Crystal Diffractometer Combining X-Ray Microscopy and Diffraction Analysis

AbstractThe following pages are devoted to the description of the instrument by which the method described in Part I can be implemented.Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, numeral 1 designates a collimator through which the primary beam P passes, emerging from an x-ray diffraction tube (not shown). Collimator 1 is fitted with a slit system which is adjusted by adjustment screw 2, controlling thereby the divergence of the x-ray beam. The collimator support 4 is attached to the base plate 5. The height and inclination of the collimator support with respect to the base plate is adjustable, so that the instrument can be adapted to various commercial diffraction units. Locking screw 6 locks the height and locking screw 7 locks the tilt of the collimator support.

A FINE ADJUSTMENT SCREW FOR SPHYGMOGRAPHS AND POLYGRAPHS.

A FINE ADJUSTMENT SCREW FOR SPHYGMOGRAPHS AND POLYGRAPHS.