Adhesive Shear Stress Research Articles

Experimental, theoretical and numerical study on the shear stress of adhesive layer in FRP-bamboo scrimber composite beams

The adhesive layer is an important factor affecting the mechanical properties of FRP- bamboo scrimber composite beams (FBSCB). However, studies on the interfacial shear stresses in the adhesive layers with both ends of FRP and bamboo scrimber beam aligned have been rarely reported. To this end, a two-parameter theoretical calculation model and a finite element model (FEM) based on cohesive zone model were hereby established to solve for the adhesive layer interface shear stresses, which was verified by four-point bending experiments. The results show that both the two-parameter theoretical model and the FEM can effectively compute the shear stress of the adhesive layer. Meanwhile, the FEM simulation results not only reflect the detailed changes of the shear stress, but also provide a better analysis of the shear stress at the adhesive layer with a small fluctuation range. There are three zones of shear stress at the adhesive layer of FBSCB under four-point bending load, i.e., the bending and shearing zone, the transition zone and the pure bending zone. In the bending and shearing zone, the shear stress of the adhesive layer interface increases 2.61 times and 2.5 times, respectively when the thickness and elastic modulus of FRP increase three times. However, the stress remains constant at zero in the pure bending zone.

Effect of Adhesive Type on the Adhesively Bonded Stepped Joint: A Numerical Investigation

Single-lap joints are by far the most widely used adhesive joints and have been the subject of considerable research over the years. It is used in the automobile and aerospace industry where bolted or riveted joints are impossible. The joint strength in adhesively bonded joints depends on the adhesive and adherend properties and adherend geometry. In this paper, both the adhesive property and adherend geometry are considered. Two types of adhesives, i.e., SBT9244 (flexible) and DP460 (stiff), and three types of adherend geometry, Single Lap Joint (SLJ), One Step Lap Joint (OSLJ), and Three Step Lap Joint (TSLJ) are considered, and the effect of these are investigated by using a commercially available software Abaqus. The maximum peel stress occurs in a lap joint towards the edges of the joint and is minimum around the center region. The maximum peel stress is responsible for the failure of the joints, and the objective of this research was to reduce the peel stress, i.e., provide a more uniform stress distribution. Soft adhesive maximum peel stress and shear stress occur in [Type-I] 8.6 MPa and 6.4 MPa, respectively. Similarly, stiff adhesive maximum peel stress and shear stress occur in [Type-I] 37.14 MPa and 20.44 MPa, respectively. It is found from this investigation that if a relatively soft adhesive (SBT9244) is used in the joint, then the stress distribution reduces compared to a stiff adhesive (DP460). On the other hand, if steps are introduced in the bonded region, the stress distribution becomes more uniform and increases the bond strength.

Experimental study and numerical simulation of adhesively bonded timber-concrete composite panels: bending behavior, adhesive shear and peel stress distributions

This study investigated the structural response of timber-plain concrete panels bonded with epoxy and PUR adhesives under a four-point bending load, both experimentally and numerically. Tests evaluating epoxy- and PUR-bonded glulam-plain concrete panels measured ultimate load (Fult), effective bending stiffness (EIeff), and mid-span deflection (∆ult). Shear stress within the adhesives was monitored using fiber optic sensors. Numerical simulations estimated Fult and EIeff with errors of 5% and 14%, respectively. These discrepancies may stem from assuming defect-free wood (e.g., no knots), idealized boundary conditions, uniform adhesive thickness assumptions, and unmeasured mechanical and damage properties of wood and concrete (Detailed error source analysis is available in Section 4). Qualitative validation involved comparing sensor-recorded shear stress with simulation results. A parametric study evaluated the effects of adhesive thickness (0.5, 1, and 3 mm), concrete-wood depth ratio (50/85, 85/85, and 150/85 mm/mm), wood type (spruce (Picea), beech (Fagus), and Azobe (Lophira)), concrete strength class (C12/15 and C30/37), and span length (2, 4, and 8 m) on the bending behavior of the panel, and the shear and peel stress distribution within the adhesive bond line. Shear stress prevailed over peel stress in the adhesives, with peel stress approaching shear stress as span length increased (max. τa / max. σa ∼ 3.5–7). The ultimate load typically resulted in concrete compression damage and wood fiber damage, influenced by the concrete strength class and wood type. Higher depth ratios led to tension damage in concrete, while adhesive thickness had a minimal impact on stress distribution and failure modes.

Reversible adhesives from epoxy-based transesterification-induced vitrimers

Vitrimers are a class of materials that combine the excellent mechanical performance of thermosetting polymers with the malleability of thermoplastic polymers. One of the applications that most benefits from these features is structural adhesives. In this work, epoxy-based vitrimers from diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, succinic anhydride, and trimethylolpropane are used as reversible adhesives. These materials show glass transition temperatures up to 80 °C as well as a homogeneous network structure. They also show high lap-shear stress values of up to 26 MPa. These adhesives are suitable for reversible adhesion thanks to their excellent vitrimeric behavior, with characteristic relaxation times that are under 10 min at 180 °C. This allows for the re-utilization of the same joint through re-adhesion after failure, the dismantling of adhesive joints with posterior re-bonding, and the application of the adhesive as a coating to make the joint in a different stage. The re-adhesion reaches values up to 96% with respect to the values of the first adhesion. Finally, chemical recycling is achieved through alcoholysis in ethyleneglycol, and this methodology is used to remove adhesive remains from adherend plates, so that they can be used for any other purpose. In summary, these vitrimer adhesives not only show high adhesion shear stress, suitable for structural applications, but also allow re-joining the bond in case of failure, the dismantling of the joint at the end of the bond lifetime, thermally activate the adhesive joint, and recover the adherends to be used for another purpose.

Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Oily Sludge Thermal Desorption

Oily sludge is a loose material containing solid and multiple liquid components. Thermal desorption is an efficient method of disposing of liquids from oily sludge. Most existing studies have mainly discussed the effect of some external process parameters on thermal desorption, with little discussion on the heat transfer characteristics and the variation in the wet component mass of oily sludge under heating. Small-scale experiments have been performed to measure the rise in temperature and liquid phase content change of the sludge during heating. The temperature rise rate increases with material density and increases faster during the initial heating stage, while it slows down as the liquid phase evaporates. The adhesive shear stress is determined by measuring the pulling force of the test rod, which decreases with decreasing water content and increases significantly with decreasing oil phase content. Heat transfer and energy distribution models have been developed to calculate the rise in the temperature of materials and the evaporation of contained liquids. The heat and mass transfer processes are obtained from simulation calculations by taking the initial material with a mass content of 25% water and 10% oil under a heating temperature of 500 °C. When the heating time reaches 135 min, the drying region reaches the boundary of the test container, at which the material temperature exceeds 350 °C. During the evaporation of different liquid-phase components, there are multiple segments in the corresponding temperature curves. The processing time and heat source temperature can be reasonably determined by analyzing the temperature rise of the material, and the effect of the disposal of liquids from oily sludge can be predicted by analyzing the changes in liquid content. The results may guide the formulation of process parameters for engineering project schemes for oily sludge disposal.

Feasibility of suppressing debonding failure for CFRP-hollow section steel tube composite member with a thick-walled section under tensile loading

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is extensively utilized to strengthen steel structures. However, the premature debonding failure of CFRP inhibits its validity in strengthening tensile steel structures. Accordingly, the introduction of a thick-walled hollow section steel tube located at both ends of the CFRP-hollow section steel tube (CFRP-HSST) composite member was developed for the strengthening of tensile members. The steel tube in the novel composite member is constituted of a middle thin-walled section and a pair of thick-walled sections at each end providing anti-debonding resistance. The strengthening efficiency of the novel composite member under axial tensile loading was experimentally investigated by 8 specimens, comprising 4 circular cross section and 4 square cross section composite members. It was found that the presence of thickened section could achieve the stress gradient of CFRP and distribute the adhesive's interfacial shear stress. In addition, the finite element model (FEM) of the proposed CFRP-HSST composite member was developed and examined the adhesive damage distribution and evolution, and subsequently, a parametric analysis was carried out. The results indicate that the novel CFRP-HSST composite member can be regarded as an efficient strengthening solution for suppressing the premature debonding failure as well as increasing the strengthening efficiency.

Impact of Water Content on the Superlubricity of Ethylene Glycol Solutions

Aqueous solutions of water and ethylene glycol (EG) are prevalently employed in braking, heat transfer, and lubrication systems. However, the precise mechanism through which water content affects the lubricative attributes of EG solutions remains elusive. This research systematically examines the tribological characteristics of EG solutions at varying concentrations using a ceramic–TiAlN friction-pair system. As the concentration of EG increases, the sequential transformation of the associated molecular complex structure in the lubricating medium can be described as follows: [H2O]m·EG → [H2O]m·[EG]n → H2O·[EG]n. Among them, the stoichiometric coefficients “m” and “n” are the simplest mole ratio of H2O and EG in the molecular complex structure, respectively. The most favorable EG concentration was determined to be 50 wt.%. At this concentration, a flexible molecular complex adsorption structure ([H2O]m·[EG]n) with a significant bearing capacity (due to intense hydrogen bonding) forms on the surface of the friction pair, which results in a reduction in the running-in duration and facilitates the achievement of superlubricity, and the coefficient of friction (COF) is about 0.0047. Solutions containing 50 wt.% EG enhance the load-bearing ability and hydrophilicity of the lubricating medium. Moreover, they minimize the roughness of the worn region and curtail the adhesive forces and shear stress at the frictional interface, enabling the realization of superlubricity. Consequently, this research offers valuable insights into the optimal water-to-EG ratio, revealing the mechanism of a superlubricity system that possesses exceptional tribological attributes and holds significant potential for practical applications.

Effect of bonding area geometry on the behavior of composite single lap joints (SLJ) and estimation of adhesive properties using finite element method

ABSTRACT In this study, the mechanical behavior of Single Lap Joints (SLJ) subjected to tensile loading was investigated both experimentally and numerically by considering different SLJ sizes including adherend thickness (T:0.88, 1.76, 3.52 mm), joint width (W:10, 20, 30 mm), and overlap length (L:10, 20 mm). A polyurethane adhesive and carbon fiber composite adherends were used for the experimental activity. The experimental campaign was carried out to assess the effects of the SLJ geometry on the mechanical behavior of SLJ. Further, SLJ tests were used to estimate the fracture toughness in mode I and II by using Finite Element methods (FEM) coupled with optimization analysis. The results showed that all three parameters strongly change the load capacity of the joints. According to the Experiments, for every sample configuration, the higher the adherend thickness the higher the adhesive shear and the lower the substrate normal stresses. Moreover, the width showed negligible effect on adhesive shear and substrate normal stresses. Numerically, the effect of geometric parameters has been analyzed once at relative 25% of ultimate load and once at a fixed load for each sample. At 25% of ultimate load, it was observed that the increase in the joint width has nearly no significant effect on adhesive shear and peel stresses. However, at a fixed common load increasing L, W, and T resulted in a decrease in adhesive shear and peel stresses. A good agreement was found between the experimental and numerical results.

AN INDENTATION METHOD FOR ADHESIVE STRENGTH EVALUATION OF POLYMER COATINGS

An indentation method was developed for adhesive strength evaluation of a polymer coating using the example of an epoxy composition with titanium alkoxide deposited on the surface of low-carbon steel. The method is based on the numerical implementation of the fracture mechanics approach in experimental data processing. It was found that the penetration of a Rockwell indenter perpendicular to the coating surface causes annular delamination buckling of the coating around the indentation, which is due to adhesive bond breaking as a result of radial shear when the coating material is forced out from under the indenter. A controlled parameter in finite element modeling was the experimentally determined width of the coating delamination zone at a fixed indentation depth at which delamination occurred. The adhesive contact conditions were set using the bilinear law of the cohesive zone model, which describes the relationship between the adhesive shear stress and adhesive bond stretching during shear of interacting surfaces in the contact plane. The limiting specific surface energy of adhesive failure was used as a quantitative evaluation criterion for adhesive strength. The optimal value of the limiting specific surface energy of adhesive coating failure was determined for the cohesive zone model parameters that provide the best convergence of the numerical and experimental data.

Strength analysis of carbon fiber reinforced polymer and titanium alloy for axisymmetric lap joint

Many industries such as oil, gas, aerospace, and automotive, use axisymmetric adhesively bonded single lap joints. Different materials are frequently mated using axisymmetric lap joints. When composite adherents delaminate, the stress circulation inside the adhesive layer significantly influenced. As a result, the importance of considering adhesive layer stresses in the presence of considerable delamination is investigated in this paper. To understand stress analysis and examine adhesive bond strength at static loading conditions, the model created using finite element analysis with cohesive zone modelling. A complete parametric study carried using simple finite element code in ABAQUS, the axisymmetric single lap joins adhesively bonded joints prepared with different material adherents. Analysis carried on the influence of numerous factors such as the distribution stress inside the adhesive joints. In this connection, mating of carbon reinforced polymer composite to titanium alloy adherends discussed thoroughly. The results show that depending on the position of the delamination, the presence of a throughout-the-thickness delamination affects the structural response of both single lap and axisymmetric adhesively bonded joints by varying overlap length. The presence of a delamination reduced adhesive peel and shear stresses significantly in both joint configurations.

Stress distribution in laminated composite tubular joints with damaged adhesive layer under torsion

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effect of geometric and mechanical properties of the adherends and adhesive layer on the shear stress distribution in a damaged adhesively bonded tubular lap joint (laminated composite to steel) under pure torsion. Using first-order shear deformation theory, the equilibrium equations are deduced and solved by the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method, results of which were compared and verified with those of finite element solution. Results show that for the steel and [±15]10 composite adherends, increasing the elastic modulus of the adhesive layer increases the maximum shear stresses in the adhesive layer while increasing the joint length beyond its so-called effective bond length has no additional effect on the peak shear stress in the adhesive. Additionally, selecting a quasi-isotropic lamination setup instead of [±15]10 reduces the peak shear stress, where the use of an orthotropic tube with the lamination sequence of ±45° further reduces this magnitude. Additionally, depending on the size and location of a void or debond in the adhesive layer, the peak shear stresses can gain higher values, with almost similar behaviors for the two defects. Nonetheless, for defects far enough from the adhesive ends, their effects on the adhesive peak shear stress seemed to be negligible.

Deciphering Fluid Transport Within Leaf-Inspired Capillary Networks Based on a 3D Computational Model.

Leaf venation provides a promising template for engineering capillary-like vasculature in vitro due to its highly efficient fluid transport capability and remarkable similarities to native capillary networks. A key challenge in exploring the potential biological applications of leaf-inspired capillary networks (LICNs) is to accurately and quantitively understand its internal fluid transport characteristics. Here, a centerline-induced partition-assembly modeling strategy is proposed to establish a 3D computational model, which can accurately simulate the flow conditions in LICNs. Based on the 3D flow simulation, the authors demonstrate the excellent defect-resistant fluid transport capability of LICNs. Interestingly, structural defects in the primary channel can effectively accelerate the overall perfusion efficiency. Flow patterns in LICNs with multiple defects can be estimated by simple superposition of the simulation results derived from the corresponding single-defect models. The 3D computational model is further used to determine the optimal perfusion parameter for the in-vitro formation of endothelialized capillary networks by mimicking native microvascular flow conditions. The endothelialized networks can recapitulate the vascular colonization process and reveal a strong correlation between cancer cell adhesion and flow-induced shear stress. This study offers a quantitative tool to scrutinize the fluid and biological transport mechanisms within LICNs for various biomedical applications.

Cell-Seeded Biomaterial Scaffolds: The Urgent Need for Unanswered Accelerated Angiogenesis.

One of the most arduous challenges in tissue engineering is neovascularization, without which there is a lack of nutrients delivered to a target tissue. Angiogenesis should be completed at an optimal density and within an appropriate period of time to prevent cell necrosis. Failure to meet this challenge brings about poor functionality for the tissue in comparison with the native tissue, extensively reducing cell viability. Prior studies devoted to angiogenesis have provided researchers with some biomaterial scaffolds and cell choices for angiogenesis. For example, while most current angiogenesis approaches require a variety of stimulatory factors ranging from biomechanical to biomolecular to cellular, some other promising stimulatory factors have been underdeveloped (such as electrical, topographical, and magnetic). When it comes to choosing biomaterial scaffolds in tissue engineering for angiogenesis, key traits rush to mind including biocompatibility, appropriate physical and mechanical properties (adhesion strength, shear stress, and malleability), as well as identifying the appropriate biomaterial in terms of stability and degradation profile, all of which may leave essential trace materials behind adversely influencing angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the selection of the best biomaterial and cells still remains an area of hot dispute as such previous studies have not sufficiently classified, integrated, or compared approaches. To address the aforementioned need, this review article summarizes a variety of natural and synthetic scaffolds including hydrogels that support angiogenesis. Furthermore, we review a variety of cell sources utilized for cell seeding and influential factors used for angiogenesis with a concentrated focus on biomechanical factors, with unique stimulatory factors. Lastly, we provide a bottom-to-up overview of angiogenic biomaterials and cell selection, highlighting parameters that need to be addressed in future studies.

Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on the Surface Adhesive Characteristic of Iced Aluminum Alloy Plate

Icings on moving machinery, such as wind turbines and aircraft wings, degrade their performance and safety. Ultrasonic vibration is considered one of the deicing methods. In this research, simulations and experiments are carried out to explore the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the adhesive characteristic of ice on aluminum alloy plates. Harmonic response analyses are conducted to analyze the changing and distributions of shear stresses at the adhesive interface under different frequencies and sizes of PZT patches. The results show that there is optimum side length and thickness of the PZT patch, as the size of the iced aluminum alloy plate is constant. In these conditions, the shear stresses at the adhesive interface are high. Then, experiments on adhesive torque of ice are carried out to calculate the adhesive shear stresses of ice. The results show that the adhesive force of ice decreases under the excitation of ultrasonic vibration. When the excited frequency is 79 kHz, the adhesive torsional shear stress is 0.014 MPa, which is only 7% of the one with no ultrasonic vibration.

Inexpensive Anti-Icing Concrete Material for Application to Tunnel and Slope Engineering Infrastructures in Cold Regions.

The formation of ice hangings on the surfaces of concrete tunnel linings and sloped rock masses in cold regions endangers railroad and highway traffic. However, an inexpensive anti-icing material that meets both performance and cost requirements has not yet been developed for application in tunnel and slope engineering infrastructures in cold regions. Most current advanced anti-icing materials are expensive, and fabrication and spraying are both cumbersome, which limits their widespread application to tunnel and slope engineering. Because concrete is a widely used construction material owing to its excellent mechanical properties and low cost, we developed an inexpensive, environmentally friendly anti-icing concrete material (AICM). The AICM can be easily fabricated and sprayed onto the surfaces of large-area concrete or rock substrates and exhibits excellent superhydrophobicity (CA: 151°, SA: 6.7°), surface robustness, water resistance, chemical durability, good anti-icing, easy deicing (deicing stress: 0.06 MPa), and excellent long-term durability in freeze-thaw cycles in low-temperature environments. In addition, a novel fractal theory-based model of ice adhesion shear stress was developed and revealed the mechanism through which an AICM with a composite micro/nanostructure easily deices. The AICM has good application prospects and serves as an important guide for mitigating the formation of ice hangings in tunnel and slope engineering infrastructures in cold regions.

Effect of Magnesium Hydroxide on Flame Retardant Properties for Adhesive Materials by Solution Mixing Process

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of magnesium hydroxide on the flame retardant properties of adhesive materials. The amount of magnesium hydroxide was varied from 2.5 to 10 phr. The adhesive preparation was performed by means of an aqueous filler dispersion technique. The dispersion of magnesium hydroxide in adhesive was observed by SEM images. The mechanical property of the adhesive joint was conducted by shear stress according to the ASTM D1002 standard. The flame retardant property of adhesives was measured in the horizontal burning testing method. The results revealed that the magnesium hydroxide formed agglomeration. For mechanical test, incorporation of magnesium hydroxide caused a cohesive failure in the substrate. The amount of magnesium hydroxide at 7.5 phr. possessed a maximum adhesive shear stress of 1,140 N. This was due to the magnesium hydroxide acting as reinforcing filler. The flame retardant properties of magnesium hydroxide increased with increasing magnesium hydroxide content. However, only adhesive with 10 phr was lower than 75 mm/min. The results can finally be concluded that the incorporated of magnesium hydroxide at 10.0 phr. remarkable improved the flame retardant properties of adhesive materials.

Ice adhesion behavior of heterogeneous bituminous surfaces

The phenomenon of icing, and the derived processes for its mitigation, are of great importance in many applications, ranging from transportation and energy to food and refrigeration. This phenomenon has been studied mostly with respect to its manifestation on rigid, homogeneous surfaces, with soft materials being the topic of more recent investigations. Although, icing often occurs on substrates that are chemically and mechanically heterogeneous, e.g., widely used asphalt concrete, which consists of rigid aggregates embedded in soft bitumen, to date, ice adhesion behavior on such substrates needs to be better understood. Here, we study ice adhesion stresses—the stresses necessary to remove ice—of ice blocks on heterogeneous materials, juxtaposing the behavior of the two main constituents of asphalt concrete, the rigid aggregates (modeled by Macor®) and bitumen, to the behavior of bitumen-Macor® composites. We show that the ice adhesion shear stress on Macor® is almost twice as large as that on bitumen, whereas the ice adhesion normal stress and the normal and shear components of composite stress are in a similar range. We synthesize composite substrates that consist of bitumen stripes on Macor® and find that increasing bitumen width leads to lower ice adhesion stress, while the stripe direction with respect to the applied force direction has a minor effect. Based on our findings, we then coat the most ice-adhesive component (Macor®) with a thin superhydrophobic coating and show that this can reduce ice adhesion stress on the heterogeneous substrates. We also find that for ice formed half on bitumen and half on Macor®, if Macor® is first and bitumen second with respect to the applied force direction (material order), then the measured ice adhesion stress is less compared to the reverse case in material order.

Investigating the mechanical performance of advanced marine coatings used for bonding composites to aluminum in-mold

ABSTRACT Advanced Marine Coatings (AMCs) are a combination of polyurethane technology with polyester technology. In this study, AMCs’ various formulations were tested for mechanical properties and lap shear strength between composite laminates and aluminum. Castings were fabricated for each formulation, and their mechanical properties were obtained through ASTM Testing. The lap shear strength between composite laminates and aluminum was determined by single lap shear testing. Numerical models were created to simulate the experimental lap joint testing and further analyze the adhesive at the joint using the mechanical properties obtained in this study. The numerical model was used to produce peel strain and shear strain contour plots of the adhesive and peel stress and shear stress distributions at the mid-layer of the adhesive at 85% failure load. The effects of changing the ratio of the polyurethane components on the AMC’s performance were also investigated. With the exception of failure shear strain, the mechanical properties were found to be inversely proportional to the amount of polyurethane added to the formulation. However, increasing the ratio of isocyanate to polyol increased the formulation’s mechanical properties at each formulation’s specified polyurethane percentage.

Deposition of nanosilica particles on fiber surface for improving interfacial bond and tensile performances of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete

This study aimed to improve the interfacial bond and tensile performance of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) containing steel fibers by modifying the fiber surface using an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) electrolyte solution, cold gas plasma, and nanosilica (SiO2) coating. The test results indicate that the surface roughness of the steel fiber significantly increased because of the chelate effect through the EDTA electrolyte solution and the deposited nanosilica particles. The root mean square roughness, Rq, of the plain fiber sample increased by approximately two and nine times owing to the EDTA treatment and nanosilica coating, respectively. The roughened surface was more effective in enhancing the pullout resistance than the increase in surface energy, and the nanosilica coating further increased chemical adhesion and frictional shear stress, significantly increasing bond strengths and pullout energy, owing to the densified interface by the pozzolanic reaction. The tensile performance of UHPC containing steel fibers could be improved by the chelating effect of the EDTA electrolyte solution and nanosilica coating. The EDTA-treated fiber sample with nanosilica coating thus provided the best tensile performance with a tensile strength of 20.3 MPa, strain capacity of 0.99%, and g-value of 159.1 kJ/m3.

A new model for adhesive shear stress in damaged RC cantilever beam strengthened by composite plate taking into account the effect of creep and shrinkage

In this paper, a closed-form solution for interfacial stresses in reinforced concrete damaged cantilever beam strengthened by bonded composite plate including the effect of the adherent shear deformations, the creep and shrinkage effect is presented. In such plated beams, tensile forces develop in the bonded plate, and these have to be transferred to the original beam via interfacial shear stresses. Consequently, debonding failure may occur at the plate ends due to a combination of high shear interfacial stress. The analysis is based on the deformation compatibility approach where the shear stress is assumed to be invariant across the adhesive layer thickness. In this study, the adherend shear deformations are taken into account by assuming a parabolic shear stress through the thickness of both the concrete beam and the bonded plate. The influence of creep and shrinkage effect relative to the time of the casting, and the time of the loading of the RC damaged cantilever beams is taken into account. Numerical results from the present analysis are presented both to demonstrate the advantages of the present solution over existing ones and to illustrate the main characteristics of interfacial stress distributions.