Adequate Level Of Awareness Research Articles

Awareness and Utilization of Menstrual Cup among Adolescent Nursing Students of a Selected College.

Introduction: Menstruation is normal physiological process of a woman, during this period basic hygiene and care is most important. Most of the women use sanitary napkins and pads for maintaining menstrual hygiene, though menstrual cup is a good alternative to sanitary pads as it is reusable and environment-friendly. Awareness of nursing students about this will have significant clinical and public health implications. Hence, the current research aimed at assessing awareness and utilization of menstrual cup among adolescent nursing students.
 Methods: Analytical cross-sectional research design was conducted among 121 adolescent nursing students selected by enumerative sampling from Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Nepali Army college of Health Science. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation was used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics and inferential statistics i.e., spearman rank correlation was used to find out the correlation between level of awareness and utilization of menstrual cup.
 Results: In this study, majority (81%) of the respondents had moderate level and only (14%) of respondents had adequate level of awareness on menstrual cup. Very few respondents (9.1%) of them had used menstrual cup. There was negligible positive correlation between level of awareness and utilization of menstrual cup (r=0.003).
 Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that nursing students have moderate knowledge regarding menstrual cup and its usage and only very few of them are using it hence, there is a need for educational programs, campaigns and continuous monitoring to improve and reinforce the knowledge regarding menstrual cup and its usage among students as they are the one who in future will reach to serve the public and raise awareness throughout the country.

A study to assess the awareness of assisted reproductive technology among infertile couples through a video- assisted teaching program in a selected hospital in Kanyakumari district

Many couples are affected by infertility, and assisted reproductive techniques can help improve awareness. The aim of the study was to assess the awareness of assisted reproductive technology among infertile couples through a video- assisted teaching program. A quasi-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest design without a control group was adopted for the study. Thirty infertile couples were selected using non-probability purposive sampling techniques. The majority of the sample had a moderate level of awareness, and no one had an adequate or inadequate level of awareness in the pretest. In the post-test, the majority of the samples had an adequate level of awareness, and no one had a moderate or inadequate level of awareness of reproductive technology among the infertile couple. The pretest mean awareness score was 17.00 with SD 2.82, and the posttest score was 27.73 with SD 1.99. The mean difference was high and statistically significant. This study reveals that video assisted teaching was effective in improving the level of awareness of infertile couples regarding assisted reproductive techniques.

Critical Interconnectedness of Awareness, Waste Management and Infrastructure in Environmental Discourse and Practice

Awareness, waste management (WM) and infrastructure are closely linked issues of environmental sustainability. Perception levels shape household activities which have to do with waste generation, waste collection, waste disposal, and waste recycling. Urban, sub-urban and rural infrastructure in turn impacts WM. Botswana’s laudable vision 2036 to transform into a knowledge-based economy has implications for knowledge and for the gaseous, liquid, and solid environment. The objective of this study is to examine a few environmental issues that are germane to having a knowledge-based economy in the twenty-first century. The methodology is qualitative; hence data collection is through the desktop modality to source relevant orthographic and pictorial information from academic journals, books, pictures, and newspapers, etc. The issues are examined from the viewpoints of selected frameworks of environmental education, specifically those of behavioural change, personal change and social change. The procedure is also comparative between Botswana and other cross border urban, semi-urban, and rural geographic settings and experiences in Southern Africa (Durban, Cape Town), East and Central Africa (Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania), and West Africa (Lagos State, Ogun State, Osun State). The study found that an adequate level of awareness, the formulation and implementation of an effective WM policy, and the provision of basic infrastructure, are important requirements to drive a knowledge-based economy.

Awareness on Mental Illness among Adults of a Community in Ilam

Background: Mental illness is an increasing public health problem globally, especially in developing countries which affects overall quality of life. It is a neglected area of health which is highly stigmatized. The objective of the study was to find out awareness on mental illness among community people of Ilam District. Method: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 80 respondents of Ilam District using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Face to face interview technique was used to collect data by using self- developed structured questionnaire. Data management, analysis and interpretation as done using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS and represented in tabulated form. Result: The findings of the study showed that (61.2 %) of the respondents had adequate level of awareness. Adequate level of awareness was present on meaning (71.2%), common type of mental illness in adults (77.50%), treatment (76.2%) and continue medicine and timely follow up are relapse prevention (96.2%). However inadequate awareness was present on brain injury as a biological risk factors (20.0%), Seeing/hearing things that no one else can see or hear (7.5%) and violent behavior (10%) as sign symptoms and impairment of family relation as complications (31.3.%). Conclusion: The study revealed that more than 3/5 of the respondents had adequate level of awareness on mental illness.

Awareness of Breast Self-Examination among Female Community Health Volunteers of Pokhara.

Breast self-examination is a simple, inexpensive and effective method of examining the breast by woman herself after 20 years of age in order to detect a breast lump in the early stage. Women should have this knowledge for early detection and treatment of breast cancer. So, the present study aimed to assess awareness of female community health volunteers regarding breast self-examination and the effect of a teaching program. One group pre-test post-test study was conducted among 145 female community health volunteers selected from eight wards of Pokhara Metropolitan using convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire from 27 March to 23 April 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Before intervention, around two third of respondents (67.6%) had inadequate and only 1.4% had adequate level of awareness. But after the intervention, 68.3% had adequate level of awareness. The post-test mean awareness score (23.87 ± 4.7) was higher than pre-test mean awareness score (12.97 ± 3.93). Test of significance revealed that increment in the awareness due to a structured teaching program was highly significant (p <0 .001). This study also found that there was difference in the mean pretest awareness score according to educational level of the respondents only. Based on the mean score, the score was significantly higher among women with higher level of education (p=<.001). Around two thirds of female community health volunteers have inadequate level of awareness regarding breast self-examination before the intervention. Educational intervention program was found to be effective in improving their awareness.

Awareness of Cardiovascular Health among Adults Residing in a Municipality in Kathmandu District, Nepal

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of high disability adjusted life years and premature death, accounting disability among 43% of cases. If there is public awareness, most of the cardiovascular diseases can be prevented with modification of behavioral risk factors. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the peoples’ awareness on cardiovascular health. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Data was collected using an in-person interview technique among randomly selected 236 adults residing in Budhanilkantha Municipality of Kathmandu District. Semi-structured interview schedule based on WHO Stepwise approach and literature review was used to collect data. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, median, Inter Quartile Range) and inferences were drawn with an application of the chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Among 236 participants, most (85.6%) of the adults had an adequate level of awareness regarding cardiovascular health. However, around 80% of them were unaware of radiating pain as a symptom of heart attack and around 40% of adults did not recognize high blood sugar and dyslipidemia as risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Awareness of cardiovascular health was significantly associated with educational level (p&lt;0.001), ethnicity (p=0.021), self-reported morbidities (p=0.044) and family history of morbidities (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Although adults were aware of cardiovascular health, most of them did not know that control of blood sugar and blood cholesterol are necessary to maintain cardiovascular health. Hence, awareness programs targeting these aspects would be beneficial.

AWARENESS REGARDING DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES OF UNDER 3 YEARS CHILDREN AMONG MOTHERS AT A TEACHING HOSPITAL, CHITWAN

Background: The growth of a child is the most important requirements for mental and physical development as well as social integrity. Knowledge of developmental milestones is essential for assessing normal development and to identify any delay in development. Mothers, who are usually taking care of the child, must have adequate knowledge regarding growth and development of child. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness regarding developmental milestones of under 3 years children among mothers at a teaching hospital, Chitwan. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional research was conducted among 104 mothers attending different pediatric departments of Chitwan Medical College &amp; Teaching Hospital. Non-probability, convenience sampling technique was used to select the sample. Structured interview schedule was used for data collection and data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study revealed that more than half (52.95%) of respondents belonged to 20-29 years, 74% were Hindu, 58.7% belonged to urban area. Only 25% of the respondents had adequate level of awareness. Most of the mothers had awareness regarding social development &amp; play (66.67%) followed by motor development (57.14%), physical development (50%), cognitive development (50%), &amp; language development (50%). Conclusions: Majority of mothers have inadequate level of awareness regarding developmental milestones.

Awareness Regarding Acute Respiratory Tract Infection among Mothers of Under Five Children in a Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu

Background: Acute respiratory tract infection is the second leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality among under-five years children and its prevalence is still high in Nepal. Awareness among parents regarding acute respiratory infection is important. The objective of the study was to find out awareness regarding acute respiratory tract infection among mothers of under-five children in maternal and child health clinic . &#x0D; Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at maternal and child health clinic of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Total 106 sample were selected by using non-probability purposive sampling technique. A face- to-face interview using semi- structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Collected data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. &#x0D; Results: This study found that two third (62.3%) of respondents had an adequate level of awareness and more than one third (37.7%) had moderately adequate level of awareness of acute respiratory tract infections. More than two-thirds (75.5%) of respondents answered virus/bacteria as the main cause. Noisy breathing, difficulty breathing, cough, fever, runny nose, sore throat. ear discharge/ear pain was signs and symptoms. Almost one third (32.1%) of respondents knew cyanosis is a danger sign. The significant association was found between age (at p=0.026) and family size (at p=0.002) with level of awareness on acute respiratory tract infections. &#x0D; Conclusion: The study concluded that nearly two-thirds of mothers have an adequate level of awareness regarding acute respiratory tract infections. This study might be useful to carry out different health promotion-related activities and intervention by concerned stakeholder. &#x0D;

Awareness and Influencing lifestyle modification factors regarding Hepatitis B among non-medical students – Efficacy of an educational package

Among all communicable diseases, Hepatitis B is a highly contagious disease affecting the liver. It spreads through contact with infected blood, saliva, and other bodily fluids. Symptoms may not occur for a few days or longer after contracting the virus and unfortunately public has a lack of awareness about hepatitis B and its risk. 2 billion people have been infected (1 out of 3 people) by hepatitis B in the world. Out of this 240 million people are chronically infected and 10-30 million will become infected each year. Up to a million people die each year from hepatitis B and its complications such as liver cancer. Approximately 2 people die each minute from hepatitis B related complications. According to the study report, India has over 40 million HBV carriers and accounts for 15% of the entire pool of HBV carriers of the world. Thus the researchers wished to conduct a research study on awareness and influencing lifestyle modification factors regarding hepatitis among non-medical students in selected colleges at Bengaluru. A total of 60 non-medical students were selected were recruited randomly. A quasy experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design with a quantitative approach were used. A structured knowledge questionnaire and a checklist developed by the investigator were used to collect data. The study findings showed that 50 students (83.3%) had inadequate awareness, 10 students (16.7%) had moderate awareness and none of the study participants had an adequate level of awareness regarding hepatitis-B. and Out of 9 influencing lifestyle factors 14 (23.3%) students had two factors, 11 (18.3%) students had three factors, 10 (16.7%) had one factor, 8 (13.3%) students had four factors, 7 (11.7%) of them had none of the factors, 6 (10%) of the subjects had six factors, 4 (6.7%) of the subjects had five factors none of the subjects had more than six factors towards influencing lifestyle factors of hepatitis B.

Beliefs About Body Weight and Practices of Regulating Food and Physical Exercise Patterns of Children Among Parents in Southern Ethiopia.

BackgroundThe problem of childhood obesity is often associated with cultural values of body weight which includes the belief that voluptuous body size is a sign of good health status and better parental care. We examined the beliefs and behaviors of parents pertaining to preferred body weight of children, including practices of management of feeding and physical exercise patterns of children in southern Ethiopia.MethodsUsing cross-sectional survey study design, a structured questionnaire was distributed to randomly selected parents. Quantitative data were collected from 215 respondents, inserted into SPSS software, and analyzed by frequency and percentage distributions, charts, and multinomial logistic regression techniques.ResultsMost (59.1%) respondents want their child’s body weight to be normal/neither fat nor thin. In addition, 58.2% of the study participants held the opinion that average body size is an indication of good health status. Furthermore, 72.6% of respondents revealed that they control the amount of food their child consumes with the aim of preventing obesity/overweight. Moreover, 79.5% of respondents encourage their children to sometimes walk on foot, instead of always relying on vehicles while 87% of them replied that they regulate the amount of time their children spend watching TV. Above all, parents’ preference of voluptuous body size of children is significantly associated with age (OR=61.52.448, P < 0.001, 95%C.I: 57–66.14), educational status (OR = 35.605, P < 0.001; 95%C.I: 6.050–209.524), sex (OR = 0.237, P < 0.05; 95%C.I: 0.078-0.724) and grownup area (OR = 2.869, P < 0.05; 95%C.I: 1.062–7.749).ConclusionParents not only have adequate level of awareness regarding the health risks of children’s heavy body weight but also engage in the body weight management practices of their children such as by regulating the food consumption patterns of children, encouraging them to undertake physical exercises, and by being role models while doing physical exercises for themselves.

Awareness and preventive practice regarding osteoporosis among women in a community, Lalitpur

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a major public health problem globally that can break a bone from a minor fall, or even from simple actions like sneezing. This study sim to assess the awareness and preventive practice of osteoporosis among community women.&#x0D; Method: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. The multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample from women 18-65 years from ward no. 16 of Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal. Data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic variables. The Osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool (OKAT) and Osteoporosis Knowledge tool (OKT) were modified to assess the level of awareness and the Likert scale was used to assess the level of preventive practice. The SPSS 16 was used for analysis. The association and correlation between variables were measured by chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficient respectively.&#x0D; Result: The majority 167(74.2%) of the respondents had an adequate level of awareness. The awareness had a statistically significant association with educational status (p=0.042). More than half 119(52.9%) of respondents had a poor level of preventive practice. There is a low but significant positive correlation between the level of awareness and level of total preventive practice (r = 0.251).&#x0D; Conclusion: There was an adequate level of awareness among respondents, but had a poor level of preventive practice. There was a low but positive correlation between awareness and preventive practice.

PATHWAY TO CARE AMONG CLIENTS ATTENDING AT PSYCHIATRIC OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL, BHARATPUR

Background: Mental illnesses cause significant suffering around the world. A limited number of people with psychiatric problems seek treatment in healthcare facilities when their condition is severe only. Treatment by faith healers and unqualified medical practitioners is frequent which lead to the delay in proper treatment. The objective of the study was to identify the pathway to care among clients attending at Psychiatric Outpatient Department of Chitwan Medical College, Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used and 166 clients attending at psychiatric OPD of Chitwan Medical College, Teaching Hospital were selected by using non-probability, consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected from 11th August 2019 to 6th September 2019 through face to face interview method using structured interview schedule. Collected data were further analyzed in SPSS version 23 using descriptive and inferential statistics Results: The finding of the study revealed that 54.2% of clients first visited faith healer for initial treatment and only 16.9% visited psychiatrist directly for the treatment. Similarly, 53.6% of clients visited other personnel than psychiatrist due to their cultural belief and 59.6% of the clients had adequate level of awareness towards mental illness. Significant association was found between status of pathway to care and client’s sex, ethnic group and occupation. Conclusions: It is concluded that mental illness clients first approached faith healer for their initial treatment due to their cultural belief. It is important that traditional healers and other treatment providers must be aware of and recognize the mental illnesses in order to treat mental patients early and refer to psychiatrist.

Awareness on Traffic Rules and Safety Measures among Bachelor Level Students in Selected Colleges

Road Traffic safety and Traffic rules refers to the methods and measures used to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured which are found to be higher in young adults which is directly or indirectly associated with level of awareness of an individual. This study aimed to find out the awareness on traffic rules and safety measures among Bachelor level students. A descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 250 bachelor level students from selected colleges of Bharatpur, Chitwan that used structured questionnaire administered by researchers for collecting the data. Obtained data were analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20, using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of this study showed that more than half (59.6%) of the students had adequate level of awareness regarding traffic rules and safety measures. Statistically significant association was found between awareness regarding Traffic rules and Safety measures with sex, personal experience/involvement in RTA and educational experience or training regarding RTA/Traffic rules/Road safety measures. It is concluded that nearly half of the students have inadequate awareness regarding road traffic rules and safety measures. Awareness is the major contributing factor for RTA prevention. Hence, all the stake holders, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, local government bodies, various government and private colleges need to expand further awareness programmes regarding traffic rules and safety measures to prevent the morbidity and mortality due to the accidents.

Awareness and Perception Regarding Health Insurance among Community people in a Municipality: A Cross Sectional Study

INTRODUCTION: Health insurance program is a social protection program of the government of Nepal, which aims to enable its citizens to have access to quality health care services without placing financial burden on them. There was insufficient knowledge and awareness of the health insurance activities. Insured persons have complained of poor attitude and behaviour of service providers operating in the health insurance scheme. The aim of this study was to investigate the awareness and perception regarding health insurance among community people in a municipality.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey assessing awareness and perception of community people on health insurance was conducted using a structured questionnaire in Bardibas municipality of Mahottari district of Nepal during the month of August 2019 to October 2019. A total of 422 sample were selected by use of simple random sampling technique and face-to-face interview was conducted using the structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to test the effects of independent variables after adjusted potential confounders. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.&#x0D; RESULTS: Participants who were from age group of less than 30 years [aOR 2.82; 95% CI (1.46-5.47)] of male gender [aOR 2.03; 95% CI (1.13-3.66)], from upper caste [aOR 6.22; 95% CI (2.97-13.0)], and had higher secondary education level and above [aOR 4.66; 95% CI (2.81-7.74)] were likely to have adequate level of awareness than counterparts. Likewise, participants who were married [aOR 3.46; 95% CI (1.57- 7.63)], had higher secondary education level and above [aOR 4.74; 95% CI (2.85- 7.87)], and involved in services or business [aOR 8.67; 95% CI (3.54-21.23)], were more likely to have satisfactory perception on health insurance.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: Education level and occupation has influence on the level of awareness and perception of health insurance. Therefore, awareness programme on health insurance need to be implemented through mass media campaign.

AWARENESS ON CERVICAL CANCER AND PRACTICE OF PAP SMEAR TEST AMONG THE MARRIED WOMEN OF CHANGUNARAYAN MUNICIPALITY

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally. It can be cured if diagnosed at an early stage and treated promptly. This study aimed to find out the awareness on cervical cancer and practice of Pap smear test among the married women of Changunarayan Municipality. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was carried out in Changunarayan Municipality among 115 purposively selected married women aged between 30 to 60 years. The data was collected from 1stJuly 2021 to 21thJuly 2021. Data was collected by using semi structure interview schedule through face-to-face interview method. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics was used to describe the findings and measure the association between variables. Results: Among the total respondents, 52.2% had inadequate level of awareness and 47.8% had adequate level of awareness in cervical cancer. Regarding the practice, only 20.9% of respondents had done Pap smear test. There is no significant association between level of awareness of cervical cancer with practice of Pap smear test, age, educational status, occupation, age at marriage and age at first child birth of the respondents. Conclusions: It is concluded that women had adequate awareness in cervical cancer however; the practice of performing Pap smear test was low. The level of awareness of cervical cancer did not influence the practice of Pap smear test.

Is Sexual Harassment An Issue In Malaysia? Level of Awareness among Workforce

The world has accomplished advancement in health workforce and wellbeing under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); the goal comprises a healthy working environment and covering issues of harassment under human rights legislation. Nevertheless, the employees continue to suffer harassment in every part of the world. The SDGs' objective is to ensure that there is an end to every issue. Undeniably, many governments andorganizations claim to be tackling workplace harassment, and there are still a few billion employees who are the victims of harassment. This issue will not be solved unless awareness is given and policies introduced; therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the level of awareness in the Malaysian government and private organizations. A research instrument, namely, a questionnaire, was used for 150 respondents and yielded a response rate of 52% (78). The results revealed that the work environment is concerned about safety matters for the workforce and has an adequate level of awareness on sexual harassment; therefore, the correlation tests revealed a significant correlation between workplace environment and awareness of sexual harassment among Malaysian staff. In conclusion, the organization should enforce the policy to establish a more conducive workplace favorable to the employees.

What Determines Indigenous Peoples’ Mental Health Awareness? A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study From Nawalpur District

Background: The health status of indigenous people including Tharu is very poor. Despite several studies on indigenous communities, no previous studies were found about mental illness and its awareness among the Tharu people in Nepal. Objectives: This study aims to find out the awareness of mental illness among adults of the Tharu community. Within the objective the present study specific to identify the level of awareness on mental illness and to identify an association between selected socio-demographic characteristics and level of awareness on mental illness. Method: The study was based on the descriptive cross-sectional design and was conducted in 3, 4, 6, 8, and 15 wards of the Madhyabindu municipality of Nawalpur District as the majority of the Tharu's household are located in these wards. This research administered a structured questionnaire to assess awareness of Tharu adults on mental illness. Data were collected in September and October 2018. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods where the researcher calculated mean, standard deviation, percentage, and frequency. Chi-square test was used for inferential statistics.Result: Our analysis revealed that the socioeconomic status of the Tharu community is based on agriculture. The overall level of awareness of respondents, 35.5 % had adequate awareness of mental illness whereas 34 % had moderate awareness and 30.5 % respondents had inadequate awareness of the mental illness. The level of awareness of mental illness is statistically significant with the age of respondents, gender, marital status, education status, and occupation status. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it concluded that nearly one-third of Tharu adults have an adequate level of awareness regarding mental illness. Further, the awareness level of Tharu adults tends to vary according to age, sex, education, occupation, and marital status.Implication: The findings of this study imply that mental awareness among the indigenous community is still low and the findings of the study could be used by a mental health organization to plan and implement mental health-related awareness programs in an indigenous community.

Assessment of awareness regarding school lunch programme among parents at Bagadpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: School lunch programme provided by government of India at free of cost, its components use in the clinical settings are well defined, the present study aims at assessing the parent’s awareness regarding school lunch programme (SLP). Objectives 1. To assess the awareness of parents regarding school lunch programme. 2. To assess the awareness of parents regarding school lunch programme. Method: A study was used to assess the awareness of parents regarding SLP at Bagadpur, Uttar Pradesh. Data was collected from 80 samples using convenient sampling technique by structured questionnaire. The collected data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presents in the form of tables and figures. Result: 1.25% parents have adequate level of awareness, 73.75% have moderate level of awareness and 25.00% have inadequate level of awareness. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between sociodemographic variables of the respondents with their level of awareness.

Awareness of the Indian population regarding COVID-19 pandemic: a questionnaire-based survey

Background: The quick and widespread of the COVID-19 virulent disease has become a significant cause of concern among the general public and likely to adapt to this situation. People's adherence to control measures is affected by their knowledge of COVID-19. This study aims to assess the awareness of the Indian population regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional web-based anonymous survey conducted through an online platform (Google form) among the Indian population. A structured questionnaire was prepared to collect data about 5 minutes required to complete the questionnaire, and a total of 351 responses were received. Descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (chi-square) statistics used to analyze the collected data. Results: A total of 351 respondents have participated in this survey from different states/union territories were included in the analysis. 68.9% were had an adequate level of awareness, and 19.9% of was had an inadequate level of awareness. 78.6% were answered that the virus spreads through touching, coughing, sneezing; also, 78.3% were had knowledge regarding symptoms of COVID-19. Level of awareness was not associated with age, gender and variables were shown association.Conclusions: There is a need to intensify the awareness of people during this COVID-19 pandemic.

An analytical study of stakeholders relevance based on their perceived preference in terms of climate strategy proactivity (CSP)

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate empirically the perceptions of the stakeholder regarding their relevance based on their perceived preference in terms of climate strategy proactivity (CSP) which is an outcome of the importance and influence of the category of the stakeholders of Indian companies. Revolutionized by the liberalization–privatization–globalization, the practices and strategies of the companies in the developing country such as India have been marked by dynamic changes in the several past decades. In these circumstances, it has become imperative to understand the relevance of the stakeholders in terms of CSP displayed by these companies to seek help in developing appropriate strategies in the emerging competitive market.Design/methodology/approachThis paper used a research design comprising descriptive analytical method using non-probability purposive sampling method to collect data from a sampled 701 respondents representing eleven categories stakeholders, with the help of a cross-sectional, self-administered online survey questionnaire.FindingsThe findings of the study detail the evaluation of the stakeholders relevance based on their perceived preference in terms of CSP attaching significance to the stakeholders’ perception as a useful tool. While the findings hint at the incessant growth of stakeholder awareness urging corporations to analyze effects and adopt appropriate strategies in developing countries, they also evaluate empirically the perceptions of the stakeholder regarding their relevance based on their perceived preference in terms of CSP which is an outcome of the importance and influence enjoyed by the category of the stakeholders of Indian companies. The findings confirmed the adequate level of awareness of the stakeholders of Indian companies responsible for making them adopt CSP.Research limitations/implicationsThis study had the limitations such as collection of information through a self-reported questionnaire which might have the impact of self-bias despite all the preventive and corrective measures, and the risk of creation of a subjective viewpoint due to the assessment of the perceptions of varied stakeholders. Nonetheless, meeting the objective of this study, the study succeeds in providing a stakeholder perspective to the existing body of knowledge with respect to CSP, a stakeholders-centric concept which is in infancy in the context of developing countries and their corporations.Originality/valueThe paper is original as it adds value by providing empirical evidence from the perspective of different stakeholders, including but not limited to managers or shareholders only, like majority of previous studies. By doing so, it successfully attempts to contextualize them indicating the need to unlock huge potentialities and substantial significance for other developing countries.