Adenomatous Polyp Tissues Research Articles

BidSi6 and BidEL isoforms as a potential marker for predicting colorectal adenomatous polyps

BackgroundAs a well-known protein, Bid links the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways and plays important roles in cell proliferation. In this study, we evaluated the expression of two isoforms of the Bid gene (BidSi6 and BidEL) in colorectal adenomatous polyps as a biomarker and investigated the relationship between their expression levels with clinicopathological factors.MethodsThe expression of BidSi6 and BidEL isoforms in 22 pairs of Adenomatous polyps and adjust non-polyp tissues was measured by qReal-Time PCR and compared with 10 normal colon tissues. ROC curve was performed to examine the diagnostic capacity. Also, sequencing was performed for molecular identification of BidSi6 isoform in adenomatous polyp.ResultsOur results showed that BidSi6 and BidEL isoforms were significantly overexpressed in Adenomatous polyps and non-polyp adjacent tissues from the same patients compared to that in normal colon tissues, but there was no significant expression between polyps and adjust non-polyp tissues. There were no significant correlations between the expression of two isoforms and other features of clinicopathology. The area under the curve of BidSi6 and BidEL isoforms indicated powerful diagnostic capability. The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the sequence of idSi6 isoform, and the results showed that adenomatous polyp tissue and adjust non-polyp tissue were separated from healthy colorectal tissue and reference sequence (EU678292).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that BidSi6 and BidEL isoforms can be used as new potential biomarkers in adenomatous polyps.

Adenoma-Derived Organoids for Precision Therapy

Human colonic organoids derived from adult tissue biopsies are based on the ability of isolated somatic epithelial stem cells to reconstitute the structure and function of the colon, offering new opportunities for studying the biology of the large intestine in both health and disease. These colonoids may also function as efficient platforms for drug screening and discovery. Here, we describe the establishment of human colonic organoids derived from healthy, and adenomatous polyp tissues. We then demonstrate that organoids grown from adenomas of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients harboring nonsense mutations in the tumor suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), can be used to establish a personalized therapeutic strategy which relies on nonsense mutation readthrough therapy.

Identifying and Quantifying the Difference between Adenomatous Colon Polyps and Normal Colon Tissue from Clinical Histological Images

This study aimed to evaluate automated image analysis as a tool for differentiating normal tissue from adenomatous polyp lesions. Images of colon surgical pathology samples from 140 patients (70 normal subjects and 70 polyp subjects) were captured on a personal computer using an Olympus DP20 digital photomicrography apparatus mounted on an Olympus light microscope (trinocular) at 1200×1800 dots per inch resolution, with the high power magnification of ×400. The complexity of image patterns was studied. In particular, image features of Fractal Dimension (FD) and Lacunarity (Lac) were extracted by using non-overlapping and sliding box-counting techniques. There were highly significant differences between the two clinical groups for both techniques, with polyp images in comparison with normal tissue images having significantly greater FD (1.83±0.04 v 1.73±0.08 p<0.0001) and significantly smaller Lac (0.28±0.08 v 0.42±0.12 p<0.0001) by using the non-overlapping box-counting method, and similar results by using the sliding box-counting method (1.86±0.09 v 1.78±0.08 p<0.0001, and 0.26±0.08 v 0.37±0.12 p<0.0001, respectively). These results encourage the use of computer automation, as normal colon tissue and adenomatous polyp tissue can be significantly differentiated

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in colorectal carcinoma, adenomatous polyps and non-tumour bearing margins of resection tissues in a cohort of black Africans.

BackgroundEmerging data suggest a negative role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colorectal carcinomas (CRC). Investigating this in developing communities such as ours helps to contribute to existing understanding of these lesions.Methods and findingsFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded CRC colectomy tissues and their corresponding non-tumour margins of resected tissues were sectioned and stained with COX-2 antibody. Adenomatous polyp tissues from non-cancer bearing individuals were similarly processed for comparison. COX-2 expression was scored for percentage (< 5% = 0; 6%-25% = 1; 26%-50% = 2; 51%-75% = 3; 76%-100% = 4) and intensity (no staining = 0; yellow = 2; yellowish-brown = 3, brown = 4). Total immunoscore (percentage + intensity score) ≥ 2 was regarded as positive COX-2 expression. Outcome was statistically evaluated with clinicopathological data to determine COX-2 expression-associated and predictor variables. Ninety-five CRC cases and 27 matched non-tumour tissues as well as 31 adenomatous polyps met the inclusion criteria. Individuals with CRC had a mean age of 56.1 ± 12.6 years while those with adenomatous polyps had a median age of 65 years (range 43–88). COX-2 was differentially overexpressed in CRCs (69/95; 72.6%) and in adenomatous polyps (17/31; 54.8%) than in non-tumour tissues 5/27 (18.5%); p < 0.001). The difference in COX-2 expression between CRC and polyps was non-significant (p > 0.065). Tumour grade, advanced pT-stage, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, and dirty necrosis were also significantly associated with COX-2 expression (p < 0.035; 0.043, 0.035 and 0.004, respectively). Only dirty necrosis and Crohns-like lymphocytic aggregates predicted COX-2 expression (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study showed a progressive increase in COX-2 expression from normal to adenomatous polyp and CRC tissues, this being associated with poorer prognostic indicators. Although COX-2 appears early in CRC, it may play a secondary role in promoting tumour growth and invasiveness.

Expression of SHH protein and its downstream transcriptional factor GLI1 in Hedgehog signal pathway in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Objective To detect the protein expression of SHH and its downstream transcriptional factor GLI1 in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS) and to investigate the roles of SHH and GLI1 in the development and carcinogenesis of PJS polyps.Methods Immunohistochemical(IHC) staining was employed to detect the expression and localization of SHH and GLI1 protein in 20 PJS polyp samples,25!adenomatous polyp tissues,25 colon adenocarcinoma samples,and 20 normal intestinal mucosal tissues.Results IHC revealed that SHH protein and GLI1 protein were mainly localized on cell membrane and in the cytoplasm,and the nuclear staining of GLI1 protein in the colon adenocarcinoma was increased.The expression of the two proteins gradually increased in order in the normal intestinal mucosa,PJS polyp,adenomatous polyp,and colon adenocarcinoma(P0.001).Spearman rank correlation showed that SHH expression was significantly correlated with GLI1 expression in PJS polyp(rp=0.503,P=0.024).Conclusion SHH-GLI1 is present in the tissues of normal intestinal mucosa,PJS polyp,adenomatous polyp,and colon adenocarcinoma,and the expression has an increasing tendency in the above tissues,indicating SHH-GLI1 signal pathway may be associated with the development and carcinogenesis of PJS polyp.

MTSS1 Overexpression Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to investigate metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) expression in benign and malignant colorectal tissues and to explore its significance in the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. MethodsMTSS1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in CRC, colorectal adenomatous polyp (precancerous lesion) and normal colorectal tissues. The relationship between MTSS1 expression in CRC tissues and clinicopathologic factors was analyzed with Mann–Whitney U test. MTSS1 protein expression was observed by Western blot in CRC tissues and adjacent nontumor colorectal tissues. Two factors between MTSS1 expression and CRC patient tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. The Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were employed to compare the overall survival between MTSS1 negative/weak positive expression group and MTSS1 strong positive expression group. ResultsMTSS1 expression rates were significantly higher in CRC tissues (99 out of 135, 73.30%) than that in normal colorectal tissues (one out of seven, 14.29%), nontumor colorectal tissues (six out of 32, 18.75%), and adenomatous polyp tissues (four out of 15, 26.67%; P = 0.003, P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). The upregulated MTSS1 expression in CRC tissues was significantly correlated to poor differentiation (P = 0.005), tissue invasion (P = 0.018), high preoperative CEA level (P = 0.022), present lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003), and high TNM stage (P = 0.002). MTSS1 expression was positively correlated with clinical TNM stage, that suggested the more advanced clinical TNM stage corresponding to the higher expression level of MTSS1 (rs = 0.327, P < 0.05). Western blotting demonstrated that MTSS1 expression was upregulated in 25 of 32 CRC tissues (75.0%) compared to corresponding adjacent nontumor colorectal tissues. The overall 5-year survival of MTSS1 strong positive expression CRC patients was significantly shorter than that of MTSS1 negative and weakly positive expression group. In multivariate analysis, MTSS1 expression maintained independent prognostic influence on overall survival (P = 0.004). ConclusionMTSS1 may be a good biomarker to be applied in the clinical setting to predict the prognosis of CRC patients with completely resected.

The expression and clinical significance of STAT3 in colorectal cancer

Objective To investigate the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in colorectal car- cinoma tissues and adenomatous polyp tissues, and analyze the relationship between the expression of STAT3 and its clinicopathological pa- rameters in colorectal carcinoma tissues. Methods The protein expressions of STAT3 were detected in 40 colorectal carcinoma tissues, 30 adenomatons polyp tissues and 30 normal colorectal mucosa tissues by MaxVisionTM immunohistochemistry, and the relationship with clinical data were analyzed. Results The STAT3 protein was located mainly in cytoplasm. Positive expression rates of STAT3 protein in colorectal carcinoma tissues, adenomatous polyp tissues and normal colorectal mucosa tissues were 80.0%, 56.7% and 30.0%, respectively. The ex- pression of STAT3 protein in colorectal carcinoma tissues was higher than that in edenomatous polyp tissues (P<0.05 ). Compared with normal colorectal mucosa tissues, the positive expression rates and intensities of STAT3 protein in colorectal carcinoma tissues and adenoma- tous polyp tissues were significantly higher(P<0.05 ) . It was found that overexpreesion of STAT3 protein was related te differentiation, Dukes stage and lymph node metastasis in colorectal carcinoma ( P < 0. 05 ), and no significant differences were found between STAT3 pro- tein expression and other factors such as serosa invasion, distant metastasis , age and gender( P<0.05 ). Conclusions The overexpres- sion of STAT3 protein may play an important role in the genesis and progression of colorectal cancer. In adenomatous polyp tissues, STAT3- positive cells may be potential pre-cancerous cells. Detection of STA'r3 is helpful in accessing the malignant degree and the biological behav- ior of colorectal cancer. Key words: Colorectal neoplasms; Transcription factors

Immunohistochemical Study of Endogenous Estrogen in Colorectal Cancer and Adenomatous Polyp Tissue

The localization of endogenous estrogen was examined in 37 specimens from colorectal cancer tissue and 28 specimens from adenomatous polyp tissue in the colon and rectum by immunoperoxidase technique. Positive estrogen (E₂) staining was observed in 30% of colorectal cancer tissue and 29% of polyp tissue. No significant difference in the incidence of positive E₂ staining was observed according to sex. Cancer progression did not correlate to the incidence of positive staining. Tissue from the rectum has a tendency to show higher incidence of positive staining than that from right-side colon. There was also a tendency that the more severe epithelial atypia in polyp tissue is, the more frequently positive E₂ staining is noted. These results mean that there is a detectable endogenous estrogen in cancer and polyp tissue of the colon and rectum, and also suggest that estrogen receptor exists in cancer and polyp tissue of the colon and rectum.