Aden University Research Articles

التوجه الريادي و أثره في بناء المنظمات المتعلمة

The study aimed to explore the impact of the entrepreneurial orientation (innovative, risk-taking, proactive, competitive aggressiveness) on building learning organizations with their dimensions (personal mastery, mental models, shared vision, team learning, and systemic thinking) in Yemeni universities represented by Aden University and the University of Technology and Science. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach, and data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of faculty members at Sana'a University and the University of Technology and Science, totaling 320 individuals. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. The findings revealed that the entrepreneurial orientation in Yemeni universities significantly influences the establishment of learning organizations. The study indicated the need for Yemeni universities to enhance entrepreneurial orientations by adopting innovative and proactive approaches to achieve competitive advantages in light of dynamic environmental changes. The results showed the importance of building learning organizations to improve the performance of Yemeni universities and enhance their role in achieving sustainable development by providing qualified graduates capable of integrating into the labor market and contributing to knowledge and innovation. The study recommends that Yemeni universities continue developing entrepreneurial orientations (innovative, risk-taking, and proactive) and enhance them to build learning organizations, which are essential for improving university performance and achieving excellence in education.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS L. AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

The experiment was performed on the plant Tribulus terrestris L. which was collected from Khobar region in Al Dhale’ Governorate, Republic of Yemen on March. The extracts used (aqueous and methanol) were prepared in Lab of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy – Aden University. The experiment was done on two types of bacteria, one Gram negative (Escherichia coli) and one Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus). The antimicrobial part of the experiment was carried out in the Microbiology Lab - University of Science and Technology, Aden, Yemen. The experiment was performed in triplicates, and using three factors (Type of solvent, Time and Concentrations). The results obtained were the following: The best solvent for extracting antibacterial substances was methanol in both bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus). The concentrations that produced the highest inhibition zones in E. coli were 600 and 800 mg/ml using well method, while in S. aureus the best concentrations were 400 and 600 mg /ml. The best result was obtained after 72 h using disk method on S. aureus, and using well method on E. coli. Interaction between concentrations and type of solvent showed that the best result was obtained by methanol extract using disk method at 200 mg/ml against E. coli, while the best result against S. aureus was obtained by methanol extract using disk method at 800 mg/ml. Interaction between different times and type of solvent indicated that the best result against E. coli was observed after 72h by aqueous extract using well method, while the best result against S. aureus was observed after 72h by methanol extract using disk method. Interaction between concentrations and different times showed that the best result was obtained after 72h at concentration 800mg/ml using well method against E. coli, while the best result against S. aureus was after 72h at concentration 400mg/ml using disk method. Interaction between type of solvent, concentrations and different times indicated that the best result in E. coli was observed after 72h by methanol extract at 200mg/ml using disk method, while the best result in S. aureus was observed after 72h by aqueous extract at 600mg/ml using disk method.

Determinants of customer-perceived service quality in higher education: the roles of job satisfaction and organizational commitment

PurposeThis study aims to examine the constructs of job satisfaction and organizational commitment (OC) as the determinants of customer-perceived service quality in higher education context. It also explores the role of OC in mediating the dynamics of the relationship.Design/methodology/approachIt applied the cross-sectional, ex post facto survey method to acquire data from 1,776 respondents at Aden University. Two sets of questionnaires on job satisfaction, OC and perceived service quality were filled out by 296 academic staff and 1,480 students. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results showed that job satisfaction exercised a significant positive effect on OC and students’ perception of service quality (i.e. the quality of lectures delivered in class that shaped their learning experiences). OC also significantly affected students’ perception of service quality and partially mediated the effect of job satisfaction on perceived service quality.Research limitations/implicationsThe current research only investigated the outcomes of job satisfaction and did not cover critical antecedents of job satisfaction, such as employee training and development, rewards and benefits and the like. Its outcomes have important implications for managing the link between organizational practices and customers perception of service quality in higher education context.Practical implicationsThe results have accentuated the importance of universities’ ensuring and increasing faculty’s job satisfaction and commitment if they seek to enhance students’ perception of service quality. Universities can do so by improving their organizational practices, which are expected to result in faculty well-being and improved working conditions.Originality/valueThe results have contributed new insights into the current understanding of the dynamics between and among job satisfaction, OC and customers’ perceptions of service quality. It has demonstrated how OC is shaped by job satisfaction and can influence the quality of services rendered by employees if they are happy and satisfied with the organization.

Washback Effects on English Language Learning and Teaching at Aden University

This quantitative study investigated the topic of washback, drawing language educators’ and assessors’ attention to the irreducible importance of feedback for learners. Besides discussing key concepts such as language testing, feedback, washback, and backwash, it investigated the washback effects on (a) developing students' language skills and motivation and (b) teachers' techniques and materials. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 42 English language teachers and 200 students in two departments of English and Translation at the Faculty of Languages and Translation, University of Aden in Yemen. Findings revealed positive effects of washback on the (a) development of students' language skills, abilities, and motivation and (b) teaching techniques and materials. The study generally showed that the faculty members, because of academic loads, only sometimes give their students individual feedback on areas of weakness, and they believe they should not shoulder this burden alone. This provides an amalgam of ideas for more effective teacher-made test washback, considering the teaching loads and training on tests and washback and their effects on learning and teaching English in an Arab context.

Misuse of prescription drugs and other psychotropic substances among university students: a pilot study.

Prescription drug abuse has emerged as the fastest growing problem globally. While people of all ages suffer from the harmful effects, the impact on the health of young people and their quality of life constitutes a significant public health problem. To estimate the prevalence of the use of prescription drugs and other substances among university students. An online survey method was used. The tools were distributed in 2019 to 794 university students at Aden University in Yemen 48.2% (n = 383) and King Khalid University in Saudi Arabia 51.8% (n = 411). Students answered the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10), and a questionnaire on drug and substance abuse. The overall prevalence of low, moderate, substantial and severe on the DAST-10 scale was 27.2%, 10.5%, 2.1% and 0.8%, respectively. The prevalence of sedative misuse among university students was high (12.5%) and the differences between Yemeni and Saudi Arabian students in prescription drug and sedative misuse were significant. Female students were significantly lower than males on the DAST-10 scale. About 3% of the Yemenis were abusing diazepam, while over 31% of Saudi Arabians were abusing inhalants. Our findings highlight the differences between university students in Yemen and Saudi Arabia misusing prescription stimulants and sedatives and the inhalation of volatile substances.

ADEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' REACTION TOWARD THE TURKISH DRAMA

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the general reaction of the students in Yemen, Aden University, Faculty of Mass Communication, the Turkish drama and the effects of it on the research sample. The results of the research are based on the use of the descriptive approach. Online interviews were conducted with eight students. Among the research sample, there were many reasons to watch Turkish TV series since 2007. The most important of which were raising the importance of social issues, reinforcing national values and increasing the national belongings. It resulted out that the most watched Turkish TV series in Yemen are those series which belong to war and conflict, while women prefer romantic or drama TV series that deal with family and social issues. Turkish TV series have created a good image about Turkey and Turkish people, and there are great similarities between Yemen and Turkey in the culture in some traditions and customs and there are also some differences. Turkish TV series also contributed to the promotion of Turkey in general.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF DENTAL STUDENTS TOWARDS HEPATITIS B INFECTION IN ADEN UNIVERSITY, YEMEN

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major worldwide public health issue. The risk of exposure to HBV among healthcare workers (HCWs) is a major concern, especially among students in health professions. This is a cross-sectional survey, aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices toward HBV infection among dental students, using an administered questionnaire containing 2 sections. The first section for demographic characteristics and the second section contained 15 questions on knowledge of HBV (7 questions), attitude (3 questions), and practices (5 Questions) of HBV infection. Dental students in the third, fourth, and fifth years of Aden University were included in the study. Descriptive statistics like frequencies and proportions were used to summarize the data. A total of 308 dental students participated in the study. Of these, 50.3% were males and 49.7% were females.A total of 77.2% of the students knew about the transmission and prevention of HBV infection. More than 75.0% of participants had a positive attitude towards preventive measures against HBV infection, and 78.2% of participants agreed that the HBV vaccine can prevent HBV infection. Only 0.97% of students were vaccinated against HBV infection and 53.9% of students knew about the postexposure treatment against HBV infection. The overall knowledge regarding HBV infection was found to be adequate among dental students. Dental students are at high risk of exposure to HBV infection owing to the low HBV vaccination rate. Therefore, dental students should be vaccinated prior to their entry into professional practices.

Language Learning Strategies Employed by Yemeni EFL Learners in Developing Their Spoken English: A Case Study of Aden University EFL Learners

Language learning is not a spoon-fed process in which learners get everything from their teachers. It is a student-centered process in which learners should play active roles and employ various learning strategies that help them enhance their target foreign language. For this reason, this study was designed to investigate the language learning strategies employed by the Yemeni EFL learners in developing their spoken English. Data were collected through a questionnaire that targeted 120 fourth-year EFL students of three faculties of Aden University. The results showed that the majority of the concerned students do not make a balance among their language learning strategies and they depend heavily on memory strategies. A correlation was found between students’ spoken English proficiency and the learning strategies they use in developing their spoken English in the favor of the students who make use of various types of language learning strategies. As per these findings, this study recommends Yemeni EFL learners to employ various effective language learning strategies to enhance their spoken English and not to limit their spoken English development to memory strategies. It also recommends Yemeni EFL teachers to guide their students to the effective language learning strategies that help them enhance their English.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Readiness to Practice Disaster Preparedness among University Health Students: Insights from Resource-Poor Setting

University health students as future healthcare personnel need to be prepared to play a vital role in disaster management. Therefore, knowledge, skills, and training in emergencies and disasters are imperative for effective responses. However, their knowledge, attitude, and readiness to practice levels of disaster medicine are not well studied in Yemen. This study aimed to evaluate the current knowledge, attitude, and readiness to practice (KArP) regarding disaster medicine management and preparedness among Yemeni health students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among health students at Aden University. A validated structured questionnaire on the KArP level of disaster medicine was used in the survey. In addition to descriptive statistics, parametric tests (independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis) or nonparametric tests were used when appropriate. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Two hundred fifty health students participated in this study. The levels of knowledge, attitude, and readiness to practice were moderate. Knowledge and attitude levels are significantly correlated and predict readiness to practice. The levels of knowledge, positive attitude, and readiness to practice among the healthcare students regarding disaster management and preparedness were moderate, i.e., far from highly satisfactory. Novelty/Improvement: This study provides insight into the importance of including disaster management education and training in university curricula.

Teaching Pharmacovigilance to Undergraduate Students: Our Experience in Poor-Resource Setting.

Using medicines associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) might cause serious health complications. The pharmacist plays a unique role in monitoring ADRs, either by themselves or with the assistance of other health-care professionals, to diminish the hazards of ADRs by distinguishing, reporting, and evaluating any proposed ADRs. To train future pharmacists who have adequate knowledge of ADRs and related aspects, it is highly recommended to introduce the WHO-ISoP pharmacovigilance (PV) in the core curriculum. In this article, we shared the suggested curriculum in Aden University. It is based on comprehensive outlines and reference books that offer a broad view of all aspects related to PV. A brief student course evaluation was carried out. Fifty students participated in the survey. Students expressed the importance of the course and indicated that they wanted to know more about the types of ADRs and common medication errors. Some of them lacked an understanding of the causal relationship between ADRs and risk assessment and not familiar with the reporting forms. They suggested for PV awareness programs for health-care staff and public. The curriculum should be tailored according to the country's needs because each country has its own medication safety issues and PV program. To reach the ultimate objective, this article reports the initiative to develop PV proficiencies in a university setting.

INDOOR RADON-222 CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS AT FACULTY OF EDUCATION, YAFEA, ADEN UNIVERSITY, YEMEN, USING CR-39 NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTOR

In this study, the activity concentration of indoor radon-222, annual effective dose, exhalation rate of radon, and relative risk of lung cancer are reported for different indoor buildings (students' dorms, teachers' dorms, offices, laboratories, library, lecture halls, and materials store) in Faculty of Education, Yafea, Aden University, Yemen. Sealed-can technique based on CR-39 nuclear tracks detector was distributed to radon gas survey. Twenty six radon detectors were mounted in seven buildings. The Radon measurements were performed for 90 days between December 2020 and March 2021. The results showed that the radon concentration ranges from 23,18 Bq m-3 to 66.49 Bq m-3 with an average value 35.86 Bq m-3, the annual effective dose ranges from 0.6 mSv y-1 to 1.639 mSv y-1 with an average value 0.979 mSv y-1, the exhalation rate ranges from 10.03 m Bq m-2 h-1 to 28.50 mBq m-2 h-1 with an average value 15.68 mBq m-2 h-1 and relative risk of lung cancer ranges from 1.02 to 1.06 with an average value 1.03. A strong correlation coefficient has been observed between radon concentration and radon exhalation rate. All of the values revealed in the study were of nominal state (that is less than allowed global values) and thus have no risk for the population living in these buildings.

Anxiety Death and its Relation to Emotional Security – Field Study with the specimens of students of Faculty of Education – University of Aden –: قلق الموت وعلاقته بالأمن النفسي – دراسة ميدانية لدى عينة من طلبة كلية التربية في جامعة عدن –

The study aimed to reveal the natural relation between the anxiety death and Emotional security among the specimen students of educated faculty university of Aden, to Identify the level of all the anxiety of death and Emotional security of the specimen members of study. And to find out if there are statistical differences at the level 0,05 among the average grades of the students the researched specimens according to the criteria of the anxiety death and Emotional security according to the changing educational standard (in the first and the third). The specimens research was made up of (446) male and female students of the students of the faculty of education in the university of Aden. then they have been chosen random, and the anxiety death criteria applied on to them prepared by AL-omer (2016) and criteria psychological security prepared by NAEISA (2014) after their verification of their credibility and authenticity. The researcher used the descriptive method Correlative to the appropriateness of the nature of the study problem and its objectives and the results inquired of the study on the existence of a weak positive correlation between anxiety death and psychological security, where the link (rate * 0.153) was also the arithmetic average reached total degree of scale anxiety death (2.09) and (2.13) for Emotional security. And the existence of essential differences between the sample members in the anxiety of death in favor of the third level. And no differences between specimen members average in the Emotional security among the first and third. And the top important recommendations that the research have been reached about the necessity to create guideline program to mitigate the level of anxiety of death or to set rehabilitation course to extent the awareness with the importance of to fulfill the Psychological tranquility to University students furthermore to establish consultant office to guidance and direction in Aden University to discuss the future problems with the academic students.

An Empirical Investigation of the Effect of Training and Development on Organizational Commitment in Higher Education Sector

This study aims to empirically investigate the effect of training and development on the organisational commitment of employees in the context of higher education. The study adopts a quantitative research approach where data is collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire distributed among faculty staff of the Aden University in Yemen. A total of 296 usable responses were received. Data was analysis by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). The finding reveal a positive relationship between training and development, and organisational commitment. This study concludes that when organisations provide training and development to enhance the knowledge and skills of their employees, it will contribute towards employees extending greater effort into their commitment to that organisation. Keywords: Training and development, organizational commitment, Higher Education, Social Exchange Theory

Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Speaking Skills to the Yemeni EFL Learners at Aden University: A Case Study

This study focused on Yemeni EFL learners of second-year level, Department of English, College of Education/Saber, Aden University. Yemeni learners started to study English in class seven at the age of about 14, and this is a problem for Yemeni EFL learners. Besides, Yemeni EFL learners’ problems were inadequate syllabus and inappropriate teaching materials of English-speaking skills course. The researchers identified a problem existing in the classroom. The learners in this college faced difficulties in their study of English-speaking skills at Aden University. This was because of their limited background in English. They felt anxiety and fear of making mistakes. The study’s main objective was to examine the difficulties faced by the Yemeni EFL learners in English-speaking skills course at Aden University. The study contributed to finding remedies to the Yemeni EFL learners’ problems in English -speaking skills. It would also help syllabus designers, teaching materials writers, learners, and teachers at Aden University. We conclude that the Yemeni EFL learners need enough time to practice English-speaking skills at Aden University. The current syllabus and teaching materials for teaching English-speaking skills need to be changed and developed to match the learners’ needs in the labor market.

Translation Technology in the Curricula of the Department of Translation at the Faculty of Languages and Translation, Aden University

Translation technology offers a great contribution to the field of translation, bringing strong changes to the way translation is studied and done. This research paper examines the translation technology in the curricula of the Department of Translation at the Faculty of Languages and Translation, the University of Aden. It also aims to identify the extent to which students of the fourth level in the Department rate their abilities in using such translation technologies and to specify their attitudes towards them. To attain these aims, the researcher used a descriptive method. A questionnaire was distributed to the sample of the study, which consisted of 24 participants who were selected randomly. The findings of the study show that the participants rated their abilities in using translation technology such as CAT tools and OCRs, etc. as 'poor'. They confirmed that the curricula of the Department of Translation do not help equip them with the required knowledge and skills to use and deal with such translation technologies and resources. The participants stated that using translation technologies are important due to their numerous advantages. This study concludes with some recommendations, one of them is that it is necessary to add at least one additional course that deals with translation technologies. It also recommends that it is essential to update the curricula of the Department of Translation taking into consideration the students' needs and requirements of the local and regional markets.

Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Speaking Skills to the Yemeni EFL Learners at Aden University: A Case Study

Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Speaking Skills to the Yemeni EFL Learners at Aden University: A Case Study

High Seroprevalence of Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Among Healthcare Workers 8 Months After the First Wave in Aden, Yemen

Background: The true burden of COVID-19 in Yemen is underestimated as testing remains limited. MSF needed to rapidly identify and manage staff illness in the MSF Aden Trauma Centre. In this study we aimed to screen staff, offer PCR testing to symptomatic individuals, and conduct serological rapid tests to determine past infection. Methods: Four months after the peak of the first wave, we offered all the staff at the MSF Aden Trauma Centre PCR if symptomatic, and a baseline SARS-CoV-2 serology screening followed by follow-up screenings. A final round was scheduled four months after the baseline. A rapid serology lateral flow test, NG-Test® IgM-IgG was used in all rounds and in the final round, an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) (Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for seropositivity. The level of agreement between the different serology assays used was investigated. Findings: Overall 69 out of 356 participants (19.4%, 95% CI 17.9 – 20.8) tested positive by NG-Test® between September and November 2020. A sub-sample of 161 staff was retested in January 2021. Of these, the NG-Test® detected only 13 positive cases, whereas the ECLIA detected 109 positive cases. The adjusted seroprevalence by ECLIA was 59% (95%CI 52.2 – 65.9). Those who were non-medical had significantly lower odds of seropositivity compared to the medical staff (AOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.15 – 0.7, p<0.001). The positive percent agreement between the two tests was very low (11%). Interpretation: Our results suggest a very high SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in healthcare workers in Yemen, highlighting the need for regular testing and rapid vaccination of all healthcare workers in the country. Rapid serological tests are likely to under-estimate true infection rates. Funding Information: Medecins Sans Frontieres, Epicentre Declaration of Interests: All authors declare no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement: Written informed consent was obtained. This protocol was approved by the MSF Ethics Review Board on July 30, 2020, reference number 2056a, and by Aden University Institutional Review Board on August 9, 2020 (Research Code: REC-79-2020).

Attitude of dental students toward diabetes counseling, monitoring and screening in Faculty of Dentistry - Aden University

Globally, 425 million people have diabetes mellitus (D.M). It is well established that diabetes is associated with oral manifestations which display an increased risk of oral disorders. It is estimated that approximately 5% of all patients seen in dental offices have diabetes. Considering the large number of patients with undiagnosed diabetes who visit the dentists were well-positioned dentists will be able to detect undiagnosed cases early by recognizing oral manifestations and referring suspected to a physician for further diagnostic workup. Dental professionals being a part of health care team members, also share the responsibility of screening and counseling patients for various systemic and infectious diseases.The aim of this study is to examine students' attitudes towards diabetes counseling, monitoring, and screening.A cross-sectional survey for 372 from the first and fifth-year students, who completed the self-administrated questionnaires during Nov 2017, was conducted. Most dental students agree with educating patients about the risk of diabetes to oral and overall health and wellbeing, which consider part of their professional responsibility with an interesting agreement for referring patients with high blood glucose to medical evaluation. Less than half of students believe that dental professional time can be spent on other things rather than obtaining blood glucose for patients and more than half of them consider the use of glucometer in dental practice for screening, monitoring, and reading within the scope of dental practice. Attitudes of students for diabetes education, monitoring, and screening play an important role in future dealing with the patients in real practice.

A Study on the Truth Telling of Yemeni Doctors to Terminally Ill Patients

Abstract Background: Dealing with terminal illness involves more than symptoms management and patient comfort, it involves changing roles within family units; difficulties with coping; added responsibilities for family members; major decisions concerning care of the patients; increased concern about financial matters and legal issues. Aim of Study: This work was conducted with the objective of exploring the attitude of Yemeni graduated doctors in regard to ethical issues in terminally ill patients. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was applied. A total number of 130 doctors representing all graduated doctors from the Faculty of Medicine, Aden Uni-versity, Yemen participated in the study. The opinions of doctors were obtained by means of self-administrated ques-tionnaires that included different criteria regarding terminally ill patients that was filled by doctors. Results: The results show that the majority of doctors give different opinions in relation to different aspects in dealing with terminal ill patients and gave justifications for that. The main reason identified by doctors for not telling the truth to terminally ill patients was that the patient would not like to know the truth, and the main reason for not telling the truth to the patient family was to protect the family from emotional stress. Conclusions: The study concluded that truth telling to terminally ill patients was a common dilemma in that 'to tell' or 'not to tell' was the main question which was evaluated differently by doctors.

Reasons behind Student Teachers' Low Achievement Levels in Science Majors in the Faculty of Education, Saber – Aden University, from their Perspective

The study aimed at exploring the reasons behind student teachers' low achievement levels in science majors in the Faculty of Education, Saber, Aden University from the students’ perspective. To achieve this, the researcher adopted the analytical descriptive method and used a questionnaire consisting of 50 items, distributed over five areas (scientific content, teaching staff, assessment and tests, financial and human resources). The questionnaire was administered to 150 (male &amp; female) students during the second Semester (2017-2018). The findings showed that the total effect degree of reasons behind students' low achievement levels was generally "high". The questionnaire areas were ranked in this order: human and financial resources, the teaching staff, the scientific content, assessment and tests and students).The study also showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05 ≥ α) between the mean scores of the sample, generally attributed to the variables of gender, science major and grade. However, there were statistically significant differences attributed to the study level in favor of second level students. In the light of the findings of the study, it is recommended that the Faculty should be supported with equipment, laboratories, classrooms and training courses for teachers with a focus on personal, technical and teaching skills.&#x0D; Keywords: academic achievement, science majors, the Faculty of Education – Saber, student teachers.