Addition Of Nanoparticles Research Articles

Chemical and thermal stability of different AgNP concentrations incorporated in 0.1% DMPT UPE resin

Purpose In response to the growing demand for a polymer with improved chemical and thermal stability in the construction sector, this study aims to thoroughly explore the characteristics of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and their various concentrations. The primary goal is to determine the effect of these nanoparticles on the chemical and thermal stability of unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin doped with dimethyl-para-toluidine (DMPT) when exposed to high temperatures. Design/methodology/approach Silver nanoparticles were first synthesized from the chemical reaction between silver nitrate and trisodium citrate before its addition to the resin. The nanocomposites were thoroughly examined using advanced analytical methods such as Fourier transform (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope to determine chemical stability. Thermal stability tests were carried out using thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis and derivative thermogravimetry methods; viscosity and peak exotherm were also examined. Findings The data shows that increasing nanoparticle concentration improves resin chemical stability, reduces peak exotherm duration and increases viscosity. Clearly, only 1.5% AgNP concentration outperformed neat UPE resin, while 0.5% and 1% AgNP concentrations fall short in terms of thermal stability. Originality/value The enhanced resin highlights the subtle influence of nanoparticle addition, which has a greater impact on the chemical structure of the composite rather than its thermal properties.

Influence of Silane‐Treated Jute/Kenaf Fibers on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites for Biomedical Applications: Optimization Using RSM and ANN Approaches

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the effect of silane‐treated jute/kenaf fibers on the flexural and hardness properties of polymer composites for potential biomedical applications, such as prosthetics and bio‐implants. Using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN), the optimal combination of nanoparticle percentage, silane concentration, and silane dipping duration was identified to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. RSM, coupled with analysis of variance (ANOVA), evaluated the influence of these variables on composite performance, revealing that silane treatment significantly improved flexural strength, while all fiber‐related variables impacted both flexural strength and hardness. The silane dipping duration emerged as the most influential factor, with nanoparticle addition enhancing fiber–matrix interactions and promoting better agglomeration. The ANN model accurately predicted the composite's properties, with results strongly correlating to experimental data. The optimized formulation, consisting of 5% nanoparticle content, 10% silane treatment, and a 20‐min silane dipping duration, demonstrated a 26.22% increase in flexural strength and a 33.15% improvement in hardness. This optimized composite formulation holds promise for use in biomedical applications requiring high mechanical strength and durability, such as in prosthetic materials and orthopedic implants, where enhanced flexural strength and hardness are critical for longevity and performance.

Preparation and Corrosion Resistance of Superhydrophobic Composite Coatings on Shot-Peened AA 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy

In order to further improve the corrosion resistance of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy after shot peening, corrosion-resistant superhydrophobic coatings (EP-HDTMS@SiO2) containing epoxy resin (EP), cetyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS), and nano-silica (SiO2) were prepared by a simple spraying method on the surface of shot-peened AA 7075-T6 aluminum alloy. The effects of different EP/SiO2 mass ratios on the micro-morphology, surface wettability, and corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic composite coatings were analyzed. Due to the combination of microstructure and the modification of low surface energy organics, the contact angle of EP-HDTMS@SiO2 coatings reached the superhydrophobic level (152.6°). The electrochemical tests showed that the corrosion current densities (Icorr) of the EP-HDTMS@SiO2 composite coatings were both significantly lower than those of the EP-HDTMS coatings and matrix aluminum alloys. The addition of SiO2 nanoparticles could improve the hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance of epoxy-based composite coatings. Due to the increase in surface roughness and epoxy resin, the shot-peened AA 7075-T6 alloy coating had high adhesion after the peel test. The prepared coatings also showed excellent corrosion resistance in the neutral salt spray test. This study provides a simple method for preparing stable superhydrophobic coatings on metal surfaces, which is expected to expand the application of 7075 aluminum alloy in harsh environments.

Cu nanoparticles, a candidate biocide for the conservation of stone monuments against biodeterioration

Nanomaterials, such as TiO2, ZnO, and Cu, have become popular materials for controlling the growth of microorganisms that cause the deterioration of stone monuments, but it is not clear which material is best. In this study, the dominant strains from two stone monuments, the Klippe Statue and Lingyan Temple, were used to compare the antimicrobial activities of the three materials. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the three materials were obtained using the microdilution and macrodilution methods, a linear regression model of the relationship between the addition of the nanomaterial and the color change of the stone was constructed, and the antimicrobial effect of the screened nanomaterial applied to the stone samples was also evaluated. Among the three materials, only the Cu nanoparticles exhibited a broad antimicrobial activity, and its MIC was 0.5%. There was a linear relationship between the addition of Cu nanoparticles and the color change of the stone, the maximum addition without significant effect on the aesthetic appearance was 67 μg/cm2, and there was no difference between the limestone and sandstone. However, the antimicrobial activity of the Cu nanoparticles was only observed in limestone due to the low concentration of the material that could be retained on the sandstone surface. In addition, the adsorption between the Cu nanoparticles and limestone was weak and easily removed by various factors, indicating that the microorganisms could re-colonize the Cu-treated limestone after the limestone was exposed to environmental influences such as rainfall. In this paper, we propose a candidate biocide, Cu nanoparticles, to inhibit the growth of microorganisms on stone monuments, the Klippe Statue and Lingyan Temple, and our results provide a reference for the application of nanomaterials in stone monuments.

Investigating the Acoustic Behavior of Polyurethane Foam Reinforced with Clay Nanoparticles

Introduction: Disturbing noise can cause physical and mental illnesses among workers; for this reason, it is necessary to restrain it, especially in workplaces. Using sound-absorbing materials with suitable acoustic properties has been a growing trend in mitigating noise. This study aimed to improve the acoustic properties of polyurethane foam (PUF) as a sound absorber. Material and Methods: In the present study, PUF was synthesized with different percentages of clay nanoparticles (0 -1.2 wt.%), and then the Sound Absorption Coefficient (SAC) of the synthesized PUF was measured by the acoustic impedance tube in the frequency range of 63 to 6400 Hz according to the ISIRI 9803 standard. The morphology of the foam was also investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Results: The results showed that the addition of clay nanoparticles to PUF improved the sound absorption behavior of the samples, and the best sound absorption behavior was for PUF with 1.2% weight of nanoparticles at low frequencies (500-2600 Hz). This increase in the absorption coefficient can be due to the increase in the number and smaller size of the pores with the increase in the amount of nanoparticles in PUF. Conclusion: This study illustrates that the incorporation of clay nanoparticles into PUF at varying percentages results in an enhanced absorption coefficient. The presence of clay nanoparticles leads to a reduction in cell size and an increase in the number of pores, consequently enhancing surface friction. The absorption coefficient was observed to increase with the growing concentration of clay nanoparticles in PUF.

Assessment of trade-off, exergetic performance, and greenhouse gas impact-cost analysis of a diesel engine running with different proportions of TiO2, Ag2O, and CeO2 nanoadditives

In this study, the effects of adding different proportions of TiO2, Ag2O, and CeO2 nanoparticles to a three-cylinder, water-cooled, four-stroke, direct injection diesel engine on engine performance and exhaust emissions are experimentally investigated. The experiments are conducted at four different engine loads (10, 20, 30, and 40 Nm) and a constant engine speed (1800 rpm). TiO2, Ag2O, and CeO2 nanoparticles are added to the diesel fuel at concentrations of 50 and 75 ppm each. The test fuels used in the study are as follows: D100, DTi50, DTi75, DAg50, DAg75, DCe50 and DCe75. Using the experimental results, analyses of energy, exergy, sustainability, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission impact, and cost are performed. The experimental results reveal that the use of nanoparticles in diesel fuel reduces BSFC. The highest reduction in BSFC is achieved with DTi75 fuel, averaging 9%. Additionally, DTi75 fuel shows an average increase of 19% in NOx emissions compared to D100 fuel, while smoke emissions decrease by an average of 30%. The highest average increase in exergy efficiency compared to D100 fuel is obtained with DAg50 fuel (5.6%), followed by DTi75 fuel (5.3%). The addition of nanoparticles to diesel fuel also leads to an increase in GHG emissions. Compared to D100 fuel, the highest average contribution to GHG emissions increase is shown by DTi75 fuel (12%), while the lowest average contribution is observed with DAg50 fuel (4%).

Numerical investigation of trihybrid nanofluid heat transfer in a cavity with a hot baffle

Trihybrid nanofluids, which combine the benefits of three distinct types of nanoparticles, have significant potential to enhance heat transfer in various thermal management applications. Understanding their behaviour in confined geometries with complex boundary conditions, such as a free surface and heated obstacle, is important to optimize their performance. This study investigates the heat transfer characteristics of a Cu-Al2O3-MWCNT-oil trihybrid nanofluid within a square cavity featuring a hot baffle and a free surface. Using numerical simulations and Patankar's blocked-off region method, a parametric study was conducted, varying the Rayleigh number (5000–50,000), nanoparticle volume fraction Φ (0–0.06), obstacle size and aspect ratio (h:w from 0.7 to 9), and Marangoni number (−10,000 to 10,000). The results reveal that negative Marangoni (Ma) numbers enhance convective heat transfer due to the synergistic interaction between the thermocapillary and buoyancy forces. Conversely, positive Marangoni numbers hinder heat transfer owing to competition between these forces. With increasing Rayleigh number (Ra), heat transfer enhancements of up to 45 %, 18 % with nanoparticle addition, and 22 % with varying obstacle sizes were observed. Therefore, these parameters can be varied to optimize the thermal design.

Influence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on potato yield and development of soil microflora

The purpose of this work was to study both the separate and combined effects of the liquid-phase biological (LPB) product and Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the yield of potatoes of the Skarb variety, as well as on soil microflora. The biosynthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was carried out using green tea extract and FeSO4∙7H2O solution, concentration 0.1 mol/l. The effectiveness of the obtained LPB-Fe product was studied under field conditions against the background of NPK fertilizers application. The results of a three-year experiment (2020–2022) showed that when spraying plants at vegetative stage with a 1% LPB-Fe product, potato yield increased by 16.9%, and when treating tubers before planting – by 14.8% compared to the control. At the same time, when using LPB without the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, potato yield increased by 9.8% after foliar treatment and by 6.8% after tubers treatment, compared to the control. Based on the results of microbiological analysis, the coefficient of soil mineralization was calculated and the correlation of potato yield and its value was established. Varying concentrations of LPB-Fe preparation resulted in strong but multidirectional dependence of potato yield on the soil mineralization coefficient: both when treating tubers (regression equation y = 0.2639x – 39.9329 with a correlation coefficient r = 0.72) and when spraying potato plants (regression equation y = -0.2536x + 55.882 with correlation coefficient r = -0.77). In addition, during foliar treatment of potato plants with a 1% solution of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, there was recorded a very strong inverse relationship between the yield and the number of nitrogen-transforming microorganisms (correlation coefficient r = -0.90, with the regression equation y = -0.0841x + 37.9421).

Analysis of Insulation Properties for High Voltage Applications – A Review

Four popular plastic polymers (LLDPE, XLPE, LDPE and HDPE) that are frequently utilised in high voltage applications are thoroughly examined in the review. It highlights how crucial it is to choose the right insulating material based on your needs. HDPE is perfect for pipes and packaging due to its density and crystallinity. Because of its superior mechanical and thermal properties due to the cross-linking process, XLPE is the material of choice for electrical insulation. The low density, impact resistance and flexibility of LDPE are well known. The essay also examines initiatives to improve these materials, such as the use of nanofillers for XLPE in HVDC cable applications and the addition of alumina nanoparticles to HDPE to boost its dielectric qualities. In conclusion, XLPE excels in thermal stability and electrical insulation, HDPE in toughness and chemical resistance and LDPE in flexibility and impact resistance. The best material to use depends on the needs of the high voltage application. Overall, the essay offers a complete analysis of the characteristics and possible applications of LLDPE, XLPE, LDPE and HDPE in high voltage insulation.

Evaluation of the electrical behavior of tungsten trioxide and cobalt oxide nanoparticles filled poly (ɛ-caprolactone) composite for optoelectronic devices

This study obtains the electrical characterization of nanocomposites comprising Poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), tungsten trioxide (WO3), and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles. The fabrication of these nanocomposites through a casting method aimed to enhance their electrical conductivity and dielectric properties. The AC conductivity (σac) was analyzed across varying frequencies, revealing a notable increase with the addition of Co3O4 nanoparticles, particularly up to the high content of Co3O4 nanoparticles. This enhancement is attributed to the formation of ion transport pathways and the increased amorphous regions within the PCL matrix. Dielectric properties were assessed through ε′ and ε'') measurements, which exhibited a decrease with increasing frequency, indicating the dielectric relaxation processes of the composite. The complex electric modulus analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between the real and imaginary components, suggesting potential ionic conductivity in the nanocomposites. Additionally, the Argand plot revealed a depressed semicircle, indicating a distribution of relaxation times, which further confirmed the enhancement of conductivity with raising laser ablation time. Overall, the results indicate that the addition of WO3 and Co3O4 nanoparticles significantly improves the electrical properties of PCL, making these nanocomposites suitable for various electrical applications.

The Effect of TiC–TiB2 Dual-Phase Nanoparticles on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cast Ni–Fe-Based Superalloys

TiC–TiB2 dual-phase nanoparticles were added into a Ni–Fe-based cast superalloy and their effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties were compared to those of a Ni–Fe-based superalloy with the addition of TiC nanoparticles. The addition of TiC nanoparticles led to the precipitation of a higher volume fraction of carbides. Compared to the addition of TiC, the addition of TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles not only led to the precipitation of carbides but also promoted the formation of flaky borides and a reduction in the precipitation of the Laves phase. The strengthening effect of TiC–TiB2 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of Ni–Fe-based superalloys was stronger than that of TiC nanoparticles due to more secondary γ’ precipitates. This study provides valuable insights for selecting ceramic nanoparticles to increase the mechanical properties of cast Ni–Fe-based superalloys.

Nanostructure and Photovoltaic Potential of Plasmonic Nanofibrous Active Layers.

Nanofibrous active layers offer hierarchical control over molecular structure, and the size and distribution of electron donor:acceptor domains, beyond conventional organic photovoltaic architectures. This structure is created by forming donor pathways via electrospinning nanofibers of semiconducting polymer, then infiltrating with an electron acceptor. Electrospinning induces chain and crystallite alignment, resulting in enhanced light-harvesting and charge transport. Here, the charge transport capabilities are predicted, and charge separation and dynamics are evaluated in these active layers, to assess their photovoltaic potential. Through X-ray and electron diffraction, the fiber nanostructure is elucidated, with uniaxial elongation of the electrospinning jet aligning the polymer backbones within crystallites orthogonal to the fiber axis, and amorphous chains parallel. It is revealed that this structure forms when anisotropic crystallites, pre-assembled in solution, become oriented along the fiber- a configuration with high charge transport potential. Competitive dissociation of excitons formed in the photoactive nanofibers is recorded, with 95%+ photoluminescence quenching upon electron acceptor introduction. Transient absorption studies reveal that silver nanoparticle addition to the fibers improves charge generation and/or lifetimes. 1ns post-excitation, the plasmonic architecture contains 45% more polarons, per exciton formed, than the bulk heterojunction. Therefore, enhanced exciton populations may be successfully translated into additional charge carriers.

Chemical Changes in the Composition of Oil Well Cement with Core/Shell Nanoparticle Addition under CO2 Geological Storage Conditions

Chemical Changes in the Composition of Oil Well Cement with Core/Shell Nanoparticle Addition under CO₂ Geological Storage Conditions

Experimental Investigation to Study Impact of Low-Concentration Hybrid ZnO and TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles on Thermo-Physical Properties of Transformer Oil

Transformer oil (Naphthenic Oil) is vital for the safe and efficient operation of transformer systems. The current experimental investigation mainly concentrates on the impact of low-concentration TiO2 and ZnO hybrid nanoparticles of 0.001 and 0.005 vol. % concentrations on the thermophysical properties of Naphthenic oil (Transformer oil). This investigation separately determines the flash and fire point, viscosity, thermal conductivity, pH, breakdown voltage and strength, and zeta potential analysis for both fresh and used Naphthenic oil and adding hybrid nanoparticles. The addition of hybrid nanoparticles to fresh and used Naphthenic oil increases the flash and fire points, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and pH values but the breakdown strength of the fresh oil decreases and the used oil increases.

An Effective Route to Enhance Pt/C Electrocatalyst Durability through Addition of Ceramic Nanoparticles to Facilitate Pt Redeposition.

Platinum particle growth during long-term operations is one of the well-known bottlenecks offsetting the performance and stability of Pt-based electrocatalysts in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells and PEM water electrolyzers. In this research, the addition of certain ceramic nanoparticulate additives to the catalyst ink was evaluated as a means of improving the electrochemical stability of a carbon-supported platinum (Pt/C) electrocatalyst in gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) during an accelerated stress test (AST). GDEs prepared using three nanoparticulate ceramic additives (TiN, ATO, and TiO2) with three loadings (replacing 5, 10, and 15 wt % of the catalyst) were studied for their electrochemical performance, i.e., the initial electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and stability during AST in a liquid cell. TiN appeared to be an optimal additive among the three to (i) improve the stability by ∼40% during 1600 cycles, (ii) prohibit Pt nanoparticle agglomeration due to coalescence and Ostwald ripening, and (iii) reduce Pt dissolution during the AST, without compromising a high initial ECSA. The fundamental mechanism lies in the fact that the ceramic nanoparticles can act as additional nucleation sites for redeposition of the dissolved Pt during AST; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicates strong interactions between platinum and ceramic nanoparticles. Eventually, the superior sample was used as the cathode catalyst in an electrolyzer to compare the electrochemical performance with that of a commercial Pt/C sample. As confirmed by single-cell tests in this research, the method studied and the associated concept here to enhance the durability of Pt-based electrocatalysts are facile and scalable and hence may be readily adopted by relevant stakeholders.

Tourmaline nanoparticles applying in chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol fibrous membrane for hemostatic and antibacterial wound dressing

The development of a wound dressing with good hemostatic and antibacterial properties is of great significance for functional wound healing. As possessing the negative charges, mineral tourmaline may be used as an additive to enhance the functionality of wound dressings. In this study, tourmaline/chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (TM/CS/PVA) fibrous membrane was prepared through electrospinning technology. The addition of tourmaline nanoparticles (TM NPs) improved the mechanical properties, hydrophilicity and swelling properties of fibrous membrane (the swelling ratio was as high as 400 %). 5 %TM/CS/PVA fibrous membrane have a high porosity of 92.18 ± 2.71 %. The cytotoxicity and hemolysis ratio of 5 %TM/CS/PVA fibrous membrane are very low, demonstrating favorable biocompatibility. In vitro coagulation test showed that compared with CS/PVA fibrous membrane, the hemostatic effect of 5 %TM/CS/PVA fibrous membrane (BCI 18.59 ±1.62 %) was increased by 61.17 %. The antibacterial experiment showed that compared with CS/PVA fibrous membrane, the antibacterial activity (percentage inhibition) of fibrous membrane after adding TM NPs increased against E. coli and S. aureus were increased by 3.54 % and 34.27 %, respectively. This kind of fibrous membrane with hemostatic and antibacterial properties has potential application value as functional wound dressings.

Effect of Graphene Aerosol Doped with Hypochlorous Acid, Curcumin, and Silver Nanoparticles on Selected Structural and Biological Properties.

This paper presents the results of studies on the effects of four types of aerosols containing an aqueous dispersed suspension of graphene oxide (GO) and an aqueous dispersed suspension of graphene oxide with the addition of curcumin (GO + C), silver nanoparticles (GO + Ag), and hypochlorous acid (GO + HClO) on selected structural and biological properties. Structural studies were carried out using electron microscopy, including a scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), laser emission spectroscopy (LIBS), and absorption spectra in the infrared range attuned total reflectance (FTIR-ATR). The growth inhibition zone and viability of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria were studied. Studies have shown that the addition of silver nanoparticles and hypochlorous acid to the nanostructures of graphene oxide suspension improves bactericidal properties. In addition, it was observed that the application of a dispersed graphene oxide suspension in the form of an aerosol enriched with hypochlorous acid and silver nanoparticles results in the formation of a fairly uniform layer of graphene flakes, characterized by the presence of admixtures used.

One‐step polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol/cashew gum/polypyrrole/copper oxide nanocomposites for high‐performance flexible films in optoelectronics

AbstractA ternary blend nanocomposite composed of polyvinyl alcohol/cashew gum/polypyrrole (PVA/CG/PPy) with varying contents of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles was synthesized via an in situ polymerization method, using water as an eco‐friendly solvent. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the ternary blend nanocomposites. FTIR and UV–visible spectra demonstrated strong intermolecular interactions between the functional groups of the PVA/CG/PPy blend and the CuO nanoparticles. XRD patterns revealed that the CuO nanofillers were arranged in a structured manner within the ternary blend matrix. FE‐SEM confirmed the uniform dispersion and structured arrangement of CuO nanofillers at a concentration of 3 wt% within the blend matrix. TGA and DSC results showed that the addition of CuO nanoparticles to the PVA/CG/PPy blend improved both the thermal stability and glass transition temperature of the blend matrix. Electrical properties improved with CuO content up to 3 wt%, resulting in enhanced conductivity, an increased dielectric constant, and reduced activation energy. The highest tensile strength, 13.76 MPa, was also observed at this concentration. However, properties declined beyond 3 wt% due to agglomeration, making 3 wt% the ideal concentration for maximum performance. This study highlights the potential of PVA/CG/PPy/CuO nanocomposites for applications requiring improved electrical properties and thermal stability, particularly in flexible electronics and energy storage devices.Highlights Eco‐friendly synthesis of PVA/CG/PPy/CuO biopolymer nanocomposite films Improvement in morphological, and optical properties of PVA/CG/PPy/CuO films. CuO nanofillers magnify the thermal properties of the pristine PVA/CG/PPy Conductivity and dielectric characteristics: frequency and temperature dependence explored. PVA/CG/PPy/CuO nanocomposite films: pliable contenders unveiling industrial potentials.

Effects of in vitro addition of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on contamination and growth parameters of three olive genotypes

Effects of in vitro addition of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on contamination and growth parameters of three olive genotypes

Effect of Al2O3 and ZrO2 nanoparticles on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-AZ91 hybrid nanocomposites

In the present study, magnesium (Mg) hybrid nanocomposites containing alumina (Al2O3: 1 wt%) and zirconia (ZrO2: 0.5 and 1 wt%) nanoparticles (<50 nm) are fabricated using the stir casting technique under the protection of flux material. Role of two different nanoparticles is analysed on the performance of developed hybrid nanocomposites for implant applications. Compared to the monolithic Mg alloy, microstructural characterization revealed a reasonably uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the matrix and a reduction in grain size in the hybrid nanocomposites. The addition of nanoparticles enhanced the microhardness and ductility of the composites. SEM, XRD and EDS are used to characterize the prepared composites. The contribution of both nanoparticles to the strengthening mechanisms are analyzed. The microhardness of AZ91 was increased from 61.4 (base alloy) to 68.79 in hybrid nanocomposites. The tensile strength of hybrid nanocomposites was found to increase from 65 MPa to 80 MPa. Adding Al2O3 nanoparticles resulted in improved grain refinement while adding ZrO2 led to an increase in microhardness. Overall, the addition of hybrid reinforcement resulted in better mechanical properties by balancing the strength and ductility of the developed nanocomposites.