Addition Of Silicon Research Articles

Solubility and magnetic properties of Ag−Co−Si alloy synthesized by mechanical alloying and annealing

AbstractThis present work concerns the effect of ternary addition of non‐metallic and diamagnetic silicon on the metastable solubility of the immiscible silver‐cobalt system during the course of ball milling, annealing of the ball milled samples and the corresponding magnetic properties. It should be noted that silicon has a smaller goldsmidt radius (111 pm) than silver (144 pm) and silicon+4 has more valence electrons than silver+1. Keeping the objectives of the current study in mind, silicon may thus be considered as an option for ternary addition, in contrast to metallic components. An attempt has been made to examine the phase changes that occurred in the 50 silver‐40 cobalt‐10 silicon (atom percent) system during ball milling and the subsequent isothermal annealing of the ball milled product. Phase evolution during mechanical alloying and isothermal annealing is identified by means of x‐ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. The addition of silicon facilitates cobalt‘s formation of a metastable alloy with copper after 50 hours of ball milling. Annealing significantly improves the magnetic characteristics of materials that have been ball milled; the optimal combination of magnetic properties was obtained after an hour of annealing at 550 °C.

Internal adaptation assessment of implant infrastructures manufactured through five different techniques (heat-press, milling, lost wax, calcinable cylinder, and CAD/Waxx®): an in vitro pilot study

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the fit performance of implant infrastructures manufactured by five different techniques: heat-press (IPS), milling (ZIR), lost wax (CER), calcinable cylinder (CAL), and CAD/Waxx® (CAD).MethodsThe methodology was based on the Replica Technique, which can simulate and evaluate the fit of the infrastructure on the implant component. Thus, each infrastructure was internally filled with low-viscosity silicone addition and seated on the component until its final setting, obtaining the replica of the cementation space. After removing the coping containing the silicone film, light-density silicone was inserted addition in place of the components, and in its surroundings, condensation silicone was applied, establishing support for the assembly. The joint was sectioned mesiodistally, photographed, and analyzed in image processing software in order to measure the thickness of the interface infrastructure/implant at five different areas: marginal opening (M), gingival-axial angle (G-A), axial region (A), axial-occlusal angle (A-O) and occlusal surface (O).ResultsThe lowest and the highest average thickness between groups was, respectively, IPS: 187.5 μm and CAD: 221.6 μm, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) among all five groups; the lowest and the highest average of all groups in each point was, respectively, A: 99.86 μm and O: 279.78 μm. The IPS group exhibited the lowest value of the internal space of the infrastructure on the implant. The marginal region of all groups demonstrated a correlation with the findings in the literature, except the CAL group; otherwise, the occlusal region and the angles A-O and G-A exhibited values beyond that expected.DiscussionIt was possible to conclude that the five infrastructure groups presented different adaptations, suggesting possible interference in the internal spaces due to the manufacturing infrastructure processes.

Investigation of phase transformation and mechanical properties of silicon addition on AlCrFeMnNi high entropy alloys

Abstract This paper examines the impact of silicon in the AlCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy system, focusing on both its microstructural and mechanical properties. Alloys with varying silicon content (x = 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 atomic ratio) were synthesized using vacuum arc melting. The phase formation of these high-entropy alloys was analyzed using X-ray diffraction to comprehend the alloying process behaviour. The findings revealed that the solidification of the AlCrFeMnNi alloy occurred in dendritically, with dendrite cores containing Cr, Fe, and Ni, while interdendritic regions were enriched in Al and Ni after adding Silicon. Increasing the silicon content from 0 to 0.9 led to significant improvements in microhardness and wear resistance. This improvement is attributed to the reinforcement of grain boundaries provided by silicon. The formation of an Al and Ni rich B2 phase is crucial in resisting dislocation motion and preventing further deformation. Additionally, the addition of silicon led to improved corrosion resistance, as demonstrated by potentiodynamic polarization measurements. However, a trade-off was observed between compressive strength and ductility: compressive strength increased with higher silicon concentrations, but at the expense of ductility.

Effects of Silicon Addition on Physical and Mechanical Properties of W, W–Ni, and W–Ni–Co Alloys Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

Effects of Silicon Addition on Physical and Mechanical Properties of W, W–Ni, and W–Ni–Co Alloys Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy

Effect of admixed silicone emulsion on water and chloride transport properties of concrete

The addition of silicone is effective method for improving both surface and internal hydrophobicity of concrete, thus clarifying its effect on transport property of concrete is very important. In this study, both water and chloride transport properties of concrete incorporated with three silicone emulsions based on different active ingredients (silane oligomers or silane monomers) were evaluated and investigated. The results show that all three silicone emulsions exhibit no obvious negative effect on hydration and microstructure of cement paste; however, the admixed silicone emulsions increase both the thickness and porosity of ITZ in concrete. Therefore, the admixed silicone emulsions result in reduced compressive strength of concrete. Further, the incorporated silicone emulsions efficiently increase surface and internal water contact angle of concrete, thus mitigating both water absorption and chloride transport in concrete. Due to more pronounced interaction between silane oligomers and hydration products based on molecular dynamics simulation, the beneficial effect on improving hydrophobicity of concrete and halting water and chloride transport is more significant for the admixed silicone emulsion with silane oligomers as active ingredient.

Stabilization of Tetragonal Phase in Hafnium Zirconium Oxide by Cation Doping for High-K Dielectric Insulators.

As electronic circuit integration intensifies, there is a rising demand for dielectric insulators that provide both superior insulation and high dielectric constants. This study focuses on developing high-k dielectric insulators by controlling the phase of the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) film with additional doping, utilizing yttrium (Y), tantalum (Ta), gallium (Ga), silicon (Si), and aluminum (Al) as dopants. Doping changes the ratio of tetragonal to monoclinic phases in doped HZO films, and Y-doped HZO (Y:HZO) films specifically exhibit a high tetragonal phase ratio and a dielectric constant of 40.9, indicating superior insulating properties compared to undoped HZO films. To clarify the fundamental mechanism driving the enhancement in dielectric properties, we have carried out various analyses combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Through the optimization of the post-deposition annealing (PDA) process and the heterojunction structure with Al2O3, an Al2O3/Y:HZO heterojunction with a high dielectric constant and even lower leakage current compared to a single layer was developed. The thin-film transistor (TFT) with the Au/Ti/amorphous InGaZnO4 (a-IGZO)/Al2O3/YHZO/TiN heterojunction structure exhibits low subthreshold swing (SS) values within a narrow gate-source voltage (Vsg) range. This study advances knowledge on how the controlled-phase doped HZO films affect the dielectric constant and leakage current and will contribute to semiconductor technology advancements by overcoming the limitations of conventional high-k dielectric insulators.

Computational Mechanistic Analysis of the Formation of the Magnesium Silicate Monomers MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4.

Silicate grains comprise a large fraction of cosmic dust, motivating a need to understand how they form. The current body of work on silicates generally reflects the abundance of silicate grains, yet models for their formation often do not consider silicate chemistry on the smallest scale, which can form species available for dust grain nucleation processes. In order to expand upon previous attempts to bridge this gap in silicate chemistry, novel gas-phase reaction pathways for the magnesium silicate monomers enstatite (MgSiO3) and forsterite (Mg2SiO4) from MgH, H2O, and SiO are presently computed using highly accurate quantum chemical calculations. MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 form through a series of reactions that initially excludes silicon addition, creating the elusive species MgOH and Mg2O prior to further reaction. The formation of the two silicate monomers is expected to be efficient with the primary bottleneck being the amount of MgH available for reaction. The addition of these reactions to cosmic chemical networks will add further clarity to the processes that govern dust formation, most significantly for those occurring within stellar outflows of asymptotic giant branch stars.

Effect of metalloid element on the microstructural and mechanical properties of AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloys

ABSTRACT The impact of the metalloid element silicon (Si) addition on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the AlCoCuCrFeNiSix high-entropy alloy system is examined in this paper. The alloys were synthesized using a vacuum arc melting route. X-ray diffraction was used to analyse the current high-entropy alloys’ phase formation to comprehend the alloying process’s behaviour. It is evident from the peak pattern of the X-ray diffraction that the inclusion of Si promotes the growth of body-centred cubic structures. The microhardness and wear resistance were increased by increasing the Si content from 0 to 0.9. Si presence enhances the hardness of the alloys and strengthens the grain boundary. Improved hardness and wear resistance results from the enhanced body-centred cubic-phase formation, which poses a barrier to the dislocation movement and prevents further deformation. Furthermore, the inclusion of Si improved corrosion resistance in potentiodynamic polarization measurements. Excellent compressive strength is possessed by all of the high-entropy alloys with Si addition.

Si-Linked Glycomimetics through a Stereoselective Silicon Transfer and Anion Addition.

We report a synthesis of silicon-linked glycomimetics, demonstrating unique structural properties and metabolic stability due to the inertness of the C-Si bond. Our method focuses on the stereoselective transfer of silicon and anion addition, revealing that chirality at the silicon atom can be controlled through kinetic resolution. This approach allows for the selective generation of 1,2-cis and 1,2-trans isomers via the manipulation of C2-protected silicon ethers and nucleophilic opening of glycal epoxides. We achieved high selectivity at the anomeric carbon and expanded the scope to include various saccharides and substituted silanes. Our findings indicate that silicon transfer occurs intramolecularly and is influenced by the nature of the counterion and reaction conditions. Additionally, chiral silanes produced through our method hold promise for medicinal chemistry applications, addressing significant gaps in the synthesis and utility of glycomimetics. This work opens new avenues for the development of bioactive silicon-based molecules.

Tea Tree Oil Effect on Dimensional Change and Detail Reproduction of Addition Silicon Impression Material

Objective: Impression materials are thought to be the one of the primary sources of cross infection between patients and dentists. However, it was discovered that disinfection of the impression is not conducted routinely in ordinary dental treatment. Disinfection of addition silicon impression, whether by immersion or spray should not produce dimensional or detail errors. The purpose of this study was to examine the immersion of addition silicon impression material in tea tree oil and its influence on dimensional stability and detail reproduction of the addition silicon imprint material. Materials and Methods: This study employed a total of 120 heavy- and light-body addition silicon impression material specimens. The specimens were randomly sorted and immersed into six groups. These test groups where four concentrations of TTO (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%), and the other two groups were distilled water (negative control) and 2% glutaraldehyde (positive control). All specimens were immersed for 10 minutes in the testing solutions. Each of the six groups had 20 specimens separated into two subgroups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in linear dimensional changes and detail reproduction among all test groups. Conclusion: The addition silicon impression material may be safely submerged in TTO for 10 minutes to disinfect it without impairing its dimensional correctness or detail replication of the impression.

Modeling Reversible Volume Change in Automotive Battery Cells with Porous Silicon Oxide-Graphite Composite Anodes

Automotive battery manufacturers are working to improve the individual cell and overall pack design by increasing durability, performance, and range, while reducing cost, and active material volume change is a key aspect that needs to be considered during this design process. Recently, silicon oxide-graphite composite anodes are being explored to increase total anode capacity while maintaining a tolerable amount of cell level reversible volume expansion due to the relatively lower reversible volume change of the silicon oxide compared to pure battery grade or metallurgical grade silicon. To predict the blended anode response and contribution to the overall cell volume change, we integrated the mechanical behavior of the individual active materials with the multi-species, multi-reaction model to predict the state-of-lithiation of the active materials in the cell at a given potential. The resulting simulations illustrate the tradeoff in volume change between the silicon oxide and the graphite during cell operation. This type of modeling approach will allow designers to virtually consider the impact of cell level and pack level design changes on overall system mechanical performance for automotive and grid storage applications, namely that relatively small addition of silicon containing materials can drive a significant increase in the volume change at the cell level, as demonstrated by the 5 wt% addition of silicon oxide accounting for half of the overall volume change in the cell.

A Robust Static Model of Basic Oxygen Furnace for Analyzing Emerging Steelmaking Scenarios

A robust static model, which incorporates emerging steelmaking scenarios in terms of solid charge mix with the given hot metal in basic oxygen furnace process, is developed. It employs mass and enthalpy balances to comprehend nonequilibrium conditions, considering four key empirical parameters: iron loss, post‐combustion ratio, heat loss, and undissolved lime content in slag, which are fine‐tuned using plant data through a multivariate approach, ensuring the reliability. The model is validated in a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) shop using data from over 4000 heats, achieving a strike rate of ≈77% for input lime prediction within ±1 ton and ≈80% for input oxygen prediction within ±600 Nm3. Model implementation in BOF shop provides valuable guidance to the operators, resulting in the reduction of average oxygen and lime consumption by 139 Nm3 and 652 kg heat−1, respectively. The model also enables the determination of the maximum scrap utilization of ≈16% for 0.8% silicon and ≈14% for 0.6% silicon in hot metal, respectively. The model aids in calculating the maximum tap temperature for varying hot metal silicon and iron ore addition. Overall, the model optimizes primary steelmaking, enhancing efficiency, reducing resource consumption, and offering insights into alternative iron sources like direct reduced iron.

Effect of Ultraviolet-C Light Exposure Time on the Dimensional Stability of Addition Silicone Dental Impressions: An In Vitro Study.

To compare the effect of different ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light exposure times on the dimensional stability of addition silicone dental impressions. The dimensional stability of the addition silicone dental impressions was assessed by measuring specific dimensions on dental casts that were recovered from an upper acrylic resin model of dental implants. The impressions were reproduced using a customized tray adapted in a three-point simplex dental articulator permitting only opening and closing movements. Addition silicone dental impressions were divided into five groups (N = 12) according to the UV-C light exposure time. Group A was untreated; group B received 10 minutes; group C, 20 minutes; group D, 30 minutes; and group E, 40 minutes. All the impressions were poured with type IV dental stone and the internal edges of the upper silicone retainers of impression copings were used as five reference points (E, D, C, B, and A) to determine six linear measurements between ED, CB, EA, AD, EB, and CD points using a traveling microscope of 0.001 mm accuracy. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Expansion and contraction were noted among ED, CB, EA, and EB measurements, whereas only expansion was noted among AD and CD measurements. The ANOVA analysis showed there was no significant difference in the arithmetic means for the measurements between and within group A and the other groups (p > 0.05). The UV-C light exposure time of 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes did not have any negative effect on the dimensional stability of the addition silicone dental impressions evaluated. In the daily routine dental practice, dental impressions need to be washed and disinfected immediately after making to prevent cross-infections. The UV-C light has been proposed as a promising method for disinfection, but only a few studies have been published about its effect on the dimensional stability of dental silicones. How to cite this article: Bravo-Cueto AG, Tinedo-López PL, Malpartida-Carrillo V. Effect of Ultraviolet-C Light Exposure Time on the Dimensional Stability of Addition Silicone Dental Impressions: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):507-513.

Evaluating the Surface Properties of Prosthodontic Polymer Impression Materials

Surface properties of prosthodontic polymer impression materials, such as hardness, roughness, and accuracy, are crucial for the accurate replication of oral structures in restorative dentistry. To evaluate the surface properties by using different types of polymer impression materials commonly used in dentistry and analyze their surface characteristics. Materials and methods: Forty -five samples of materials were used, including alginate (irreversible hydrocolloid), condensation silicone (putty) and addition silicone (putty), study was conducted at the advanced medical polymer group in the Libyan Polymer Research Center to evaluate the surface properties of prosthodontic polymer impression materials. Three evaluation methods were used: Shore hardness testing, surface roughness testing, and dimensional accuracy measurements. Data analysis included mean, standard deviation, and One-way ANOVA calculations. Alginate has a lower hardness compared to addition silicone (putty) and condensation silicone (putty). The ANOVA test for surface roughness showed no significant differences among the materials, with a p-value of 0.027. For shore hardness, there were no significant differences among the materials, with a p-value of 0.000. The ANOVA test for dimensional accuracy showed no significant differences among the different periods for alginate, condensation silicone (putty) and addition silicone (putty), with p-values of 0.000 respectively. The study concluded that alginate had the lowest hardness and roughness compared to condensation silicone (putty) and addition silicone (putty). There are no significant differences among the material surface properties (Shore hardness and surface roughness) but not in dimensional accuracy among the materials. This information provides valuable insights for dental professionals working with impression material.

3D X-ray Tomography Analysis of Mg–Si–Zn Alloys for Biomedical Applications: Elucidating the Morphology of the MgZn Phase

Temporary metal implants, made from materials like titanium (Ti) or stainless steel, can cause metabolic issues, raise toxicity levels within the body, and negatively impact the patient’s long-term health. This necessitates a subsequent operation to extract these implants once the healing process is complete or when they are outgrown by the patient. In contrast, medical devices fabricated from absorbable alloys have the advantage of being biodegradable, allowing them to be naturally absorbed by the body once they have fulfilled their role in facilitating tissue healing. Among the various absorbable alloy systems studied, magnesium (Mg) alloys stand out due to their biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior. The existing literature on absorbable Mg alloys highlights the effectiveness of silicon (Si) and zinc (Zn) additions in improving mechanical properties and controlling corrosion susceptibility; however, there is a lack of comprehensive quantitative morphological analysis of the intermetallic phases within these alloy systems. The quantification of the complex morphology of intermetallic particles is a challenging task and has significant implications for the micromechanical properties of the alloys. This study, therefore, aims to introduce a robust set of morphometric parameters for evaluating the morphology of intermetallic phases within two as-cast Mg alloys with Si and Zn additions. X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) was used to capture the 3D tomographic data of the alloys, and a novel pair of morphological parameters (ratio of convex hull to particle volume and convex hull sphericity) was applied to the 3D tomographic data to assess the MgZn phase formed in the two alloys. In addition to the impact of composition, the effect of solidification rate on the morphological parameters was also studied. Furthermore, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to gather detailed 2D microstructural and compositional information on the intermetallics. The comprehensive characterization reveals that the morphological complexity and size distribution of the MgZn phase are influenced by both compositional changes and the solidification rate. However, the change in MgZn intermetallic particle morphology with size was found to follow a predictable trend, which was relatively agnostic of the chosen casting conditions.

Effect of surface area on the wear properties of Al-based automotive alloy and the role of Si at eutectic level

The efficiency of an engine material is closely correlated with its surface area. In order to investigate wear properties, effect of surface contact area as well as silicon addition at the eutectic level of Al-Cu-Mg alloy has been studied. This test is performed under room atmosphere and dry sliding conditions using a standard pin-on-disk apparatus. Weight reduction method is adopted to measure the wear rate in microns to get more accurate results. A load varying from of 5 to 50 N and a constant sliding speed of 0.77 ms−1 are maintained throughout the test. The test results show that a lower contact surface area has a negative impact on the wear properties having higher wear rate, while the coefficient of friction of the alloy and Si addition into the alloy improve the properties to some extent. Reduction of the contact surface area increases the unit pressure and decreased material volume causes softening of the alloy matrix, resulting in a higher wear rate and coefficient of friction. The Si addition offers such an improvement mostly for an increase in strength via the Si-rich intermetallic formation. A microstructural study confirms a lower abrasive wear with a minor plastic deformation on the worn surfaces of Si added alloy and wear with higher contact surface. The Si-added alloys contain the fine and strong Si-rich intermetallic, which are responsible for such a smooth worn surface.

Preliminary study on smelting micro-carbon ferromanganese alloy by electro silicon thermal one-step process

Abstract In this paper, the related thermodynamic analysis of the one-step electro silicon thermal smelting process of micro-C-ferroalloy was carried out, and the effects of smelting temperature (T), slag alkalinity (R), silicon ratio (KSi) and holding time (t) on the appearance quality of the alloy, the Mn content, the Si content of the alloy and the Mn element recovery rate were studied. It is concluded that under the conditions of a smelting temperature of 1400°C, the basicity of slag R is 1.2, the silicon addition coefficient KSi is 1.0, the holding time is 60 min, the alloy appearance quality is good, Mn content of the alloy is high, Si content is low, and Mn yield is relatively high. Under laboratory conditions, the Mn yield of the alloy obtained by this method is low, and the thermodynamic equilibrium and reaction kinetics of the alloy melt and slag system of this method still need to be further studied to provide a theoretical basis for the expansion test.

Deformation-induced martensitic transformation kinetics in TRIP-assisted steels and high-entropy alloys

In this study, the sigmoidal kinetics of deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT) in the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-assisted alloys, including metastable high-entropy alloys (HEAs), austenitic stainless steels, and advanced high-strength steels (AHSSs) such as low-alloyed TRIP steels, medium-Mn steels, and quenching and partitioning steels, were studied using various models. To tune mechanical stability, the influences of stacking fault energy (SFE), chemical composition, austenite grain size, deformation temperature, strain rate, and stress state were considered. The novel Fe47Co30Cr10Ni5V8-xSix (x = 3, 4, and 6 at.%) alloys were the main investigated HEAs in the present work, in which silicon addition effectively led to lowering SFE and faster DIMT kinetics by promoting the formation of body-centered cubic α΄-martensite. The Olson-Cohen, Guimaraes (based on Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov analysis), Shin, and Ahmedabadi models were analyzed and critically discussed. Moreover, a Hill-based sigmoid model was formulated as fα' / fsat = 1 – p / (p + εq) with the parameters p and q characterizing the stability of austenite, and fsat representing the saturated volume fraction of α΄-martensite. It was demonstrated that χ = p × q can be considered the sole austenite stability parameter. It was concluded that the proposed Hill-based model, demonstrating the highest accuracy among the studied models, can effectively simulate the kinetics of α΄-martensite formation.

Preparation of graphite/silicon carbide based on SLS/LSI and study of properties

In this paper, graphite/silicon carbide composites with an integrated structure–function were prepared by selective laser sintering (SLS) and liquid silicon infiltration (LSI). The study investigated the influence of different factors on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity of graphite/silicon carbide composites. The results demonstrated that the open porosity of the precast body gradually decreased with an increase in the content of mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), while the carbon content gradually increased. The density, mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity (TC) of the composites initially increased, followed by a subsequent decrease. In the absence of MCMB, micropores and a significant amount of free silicon were observed within the composite after LSI, leading to reduced density and mechanical properties. Conversely, the inclusion of 20 wt% MCMB led to the elimination of micropores and free silicon within the composite, resulting in the highest density and TC values of 2.52 g/cm3 and 73.22 W/m·K, respectively. The measured TC values were consistent with those calculated by the Effective Medium Theory Model (EMT). At a 40 wt% addition, micropores and free silicon reappeared within the composites, leading to a decrease in density and properties. Furthermore, the calculated values of the five thermal conductivity models were found to be higher than the measured values. This paper presents a further improvement in the process of preparing graphite-ceramic composites with a complex structure, achieved by controlling the amount of MCMB added. This contributes to the subsequent research.

Development, characterization and validation of a novel physics-informed equivalent circuit model for silicon–graphite battery cells

The widespread deployment of electric vehicles (EVs), as well as the growing requirements both from manufacturers and consumers, necessitate an increase in energy density with regard to current lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this regard, one of the most promising alternatives is the addition of silicon to conventional graphite anodes, thus giving rise to energy-dense LIBs. However, this entails a significant increment in modeling, parameterization and computational complexities due to the interactions between both negative electrode materials. In this article, we present a novel physics-informed equivalent circuit model for cells with blended electrodes, which is able to provide accurate results with respect to a state-of-the-art electrochemical model, not only for the output voltage (≤25 mV RMS), but also internal states, namely active material particle surface concentrations (≤1.2 %) and current distribution (≤2.6 %) at a much lower computational cost. Furthermore, this formulation also allows for a notable simplification of model parameterization. Hence, we describe thorough static and dynamic parameterization processes from half-cell experimental data and impedance measurements. Finally, we validate the proposed model in constant-current as well as dynamic operation, highlighting the influence that the choice of hysteresis model has on the latter. We understand that the presented model is an interesting alternative for the modeling of cells with blended electrodes, and is also suitable for its implementation in Battery Management Systems (BMSs) in EVs.